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Ϊδޣ˭Ҳ֪һΡԼ䱻ڷѴ£ȴǱȺķˡ
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ͷ߿ݣЦǵطƧʳʱҪȼãԸ⣿
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лøߴʣһ˫ҡҷ£ɩɩ

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ݱǩ ͢ ֮  
1.  ƽ   ﳤˣȻһˡ

ȣѮĹ˾Ͷ˱
ʱԹͷѾ߸ߵعϣѽԺＸɹͷԣϵĻשЬȶ÷̡

⼸̫ȣƣŶûԣѾǰһСŲߣԼͿӭҲ͸͸
µӰڴϣСǰӨļ׵üڷ⣬üëͬԶɽܽأһ۰봹ţѻƵؽëͶһӰƴС̵ͦıӣ΢ŵˮ촽
ȵβһ㱡ĺΣĪԳֻɫ

һֳֻŶͷһַ顣
⼸ҹﶼʣ˯һͻᾪѡѾҲ˯ãۣòʹεԳֳ
ڷش䣬һо¾ĸ֡

Ѿ֪ŸƵģʵǿˡҲһˣȡ

ЩϸֵϧСѾͷô·̰˰ɣ
ȵ˿Цҡҡͷ·µˡϧȻѣ»ǿ׵ġ

һС룬վűߵķͻȻһϣ
ѭȥԭϧˡ

СѾ߳ȥһˣûűĹĵģ˴һһ
ü»ϴ棬ôˣ

ϧС£ټϱʹ˸״ģйžȫ˵ˡ
ūͷһģǹƫƫңֻ˵ûˡ
ū澾Ŷһᣬ˭֪СʱµĻ˵ûһת۾ͼ﷿ѾߴűӲˣ
ǹµĻ˵ˣһֱסھǣ궼ûñǲȵģ

̲ס ҲүģǴﻹˣǹµҲ۾ֱǴﵱӣ
Ѿ

һˡ˰ģֻˮ촽򣬡ĪҪ˵ʲôײġ
ı鵭ģšüʲôϲŭ

Ѿȴûô侲һۣòʹ졣ʵϧ˵ͷǾôˡ
ʮǰүȥϣӲǺģδһĵճŮZӸ˷ϷˣŵճӺ͸ʧµĶȥ˽ϡ
ǰЩӻĸŮԣ˿Ŷܡ

˰ѸŮߣԼǵ˸ĵɴȴʵʵĴСû
ˣ֪ôأԹҲġµ˶ǼʹģⲻЩǷū۸ͷˡ
˵ˣһģڴ󷿵ӵȴﻹ̹

˵ʲôҲñǰȷʵñǲҪû
סĽԺƸߣܱطȡֻĸһĸʹ˲ȣҲûڸƱǲǮˣ

ⱾǸ׸ϻ˽ģһȥЩˡ𻰱ǲϡɻñƽ죬Ҳ֪ûȥ

Ӳ׷ˣѾȴô롣ԼҸﶼбˣĻлǮȥĵǹ̫ˣŽ۸ͷ˵ˣԼҽųĽŮܰװ׽һ۸ˡ
Ӹȣˣ˼һ۸ءǻѣȥͷ˵÷˰ǹµĴȥ

ȷʵǸ󷽵ˣǻûд󷽵ܷŹµĳ̶ȣֻøˡ
ǴӽģһǸ׻ĸ׵ĸͻķ˼ңֻԼûأȻûзִ顣
ڸĸ߳ģûʲô֣Ҳˡ
Ѿ˵ҲеЩ˾۸Ժֻ䱾

ԥһᣬС϶˼־ᣬβ򼸸ѾЦЦ˵е·ɣȥĸ˵˵ǡ
飬ȥĸ˵˵ӦǿԵİɡ

תױ̨ϼ˸«͸ϧοϧίˣ´Ӹǹµơ
ϧСԸЦ˻ŽӦ˺ü

￪ϣѾȻϲǴСźģµĸ£ᷢᷢ˾ְҲæҡ

ھǰɵر۾ɷ档
ŮǽģƤ۵һһӡӣ֡󣬴ϵױϻλҪ
δǣŮķʽ˸ӵΣֻѡֻ

СĵظͷϣϻȰˣ¾͸úͷ˵˵ĸŮҲ׽ЩĸŮֲʹˡū澻˵ˣţ˴Ȱ˲ٶ

ҲһЦ¶̵СңͬھǣʱȥСס졣
䲻ʲôŴ󻧣游ĸ֪⼸ȣ϶⡣
ҲȸԾŵģҵ˺ö϶ٲλǵġ

Ѿ߶̲סЦˡ

˼ǳɫȹŮͤͤǰŶׯ΢΢䴽üѾ߶
ϧȻعﲻ૵ҿһ۹;ˬĶ̹ˡ

ϧ⻰˵һҲΥģػ꣬仹δǣŮ֮ˡɫã⼸ԽԽ죬Ѷһأһ伴ŵĻϣѾԳһ־Ķǵ

ҪţʹǳһѾҲҴ⡣ףǹһļɹ˿ɾͲˡ
ǳ˰ѴɡµѾ죬ù·ˡ
ʰˣһƵȥ˷ϵԺӡ

븮˶񻹽ڵϷϥӣӾǰĸ׷αɣپӶƷϥ»һӷZȥȢϣȥԺ飬ڼҡ
ŵڶľǶĸ׷棬ڱ߽սֻ˶һŮ
پϷСĶүԡүϥһһŮסүúӴŶŮȥˣڸϡ

ԽԽȣϷϧСµ밲԰ԺЪ磬Ҳֻȥ밲
ڸչ磬ȥ˿ܼϡ˯ϰߵġ

˭֪ߵסԺǰͼ־һţſˡ
ӭǰЦɣүͶҲء

һЦתӱܿһ񡣽ֿˡ
Ƿϵ֣ʮ꣬ѰͣСӡ

һ׶ˮȴĿ
ϵЦ̾ﲻòƽҲѧüáϲСϰһ˫ģɾˮϴ۾ɸ˼ֺøС

һţһŰߣȣЩ˵Žйء
һ˵ŻԺӣ޵ӰڣӭĻЦŽݡ

ſڵѾƿȻͼ֡

ϵԺװļŴ󷽣޹ݻװΡ
ӭǸ񻨷ʱ˵ıϹĸ䶼Сű飬мѾڱϴȡһ;Ĳ졣

һ·ʹ˴ɡҲʮȣӭеһϣ˿

ϻղϱúϲ£졣
Ŵ˼ɫȹ㣬εε㲻֪ҹжȣһ϶û˯ã

ϴȰıӣҹҲû취ŮҲմ䶫ٲѾߣҹȡ
һ˸

ɩһԣЦе˿ڲ衣֪ϲ˵۰ţǹƵŽôϱҲѾߴӣ
һҪȣֵõӣ

׷һԣһЦ

һպ֣վſڿţǸˡ
ʮ궼ûôֹЩڣЩ롣

ֱɤӣ˲ͬʱע⵽˽ŵİ
ϻһ£ƺû뵽

Цѵ˲Ǹոջ˵𣿻Ϭˡ
ҲӦˣ´ŰȰˣ
Ҳͷɣĸ׸ոջ߶㡣

̧ͷһۣĿڰԵͣһ˲Цеؽ㡣
ҲЦЦá

ûֱ£ȷŴϻ뿪󣬳ŸĸʹɩʹȻŶһԡ
ŮˬϣѩüĿй⻪תʹԴҲƽƽ᷿ĵû
ǽϣƽˣ˰Ҳﰵ̾ӵòٹ꣬ǹҲȲ

ҲҪ
ȥģϿŷЦǽö˻ôʲôž˳ûͷƵϵĻ

ϿŰͤͤװ±ˣο
ϸĵϳЩʲôźĿġ
ͳһ˵á

˵ЩճϲЦɣƥӣ㣬һƥȥѰɡ
ƥɫͬƽƽ۸񰺹һһ޼ۣôƥȷʵѵõĺӡ
һƥǳɫһƥۺɫ滹ӰЩ˼Ȼƽ͸ʺ촩ҲǺʵġ

ο⻹ģЩˣҲûж룬ǶµƥӶܺÿѡɣĸԡ
ͷȥһۣžͰֻ֣ŰڣöѡɣĸѾЩᱡӣǴƽġ

ѭȥע⵽ŵѾ߻ƥֻѾվڽﲻ۰ˡ
ƽΪѵã͸ٴ˼Ҷֻƥˡ
˴۾ѻƵؽëϣͻȻûôϲˡ

סţֻεؿŰɫٵûӦ˾Ǹȣҹȵö˯žĸ׾ȸƥӣ˵˼ﻹУר̸
ǣЦȾȸãûжҪġ

˿תķЦˣҼǵǰϲŽٵʲôͿ޿ġ
ҲˣǻһؾְǴΰɣߵʱŲأһһŵǵϷҲŵᡣ
봹ͷЦЦ

ϴλؾְʮǰĶա

Ǻ޹ģ˿ͷİֿ˿ûͷƵķţﳤˣȻһˡ





2.     ĹҲɣ

ѡƥɫƽ
ַЩϹ˾ͽ¡

ɽֻ̫ӺӣеĳӶϼҾ죬Ҫλѡˡ
ǼҲû˼ŮûҪȥˣڼоͺá

ϸ˸ŵЦǼû˼ﻹвٹأҲŽ࿴һ
û뵽˵Լˣɺ˵ϻĸף
Ｘ˶ЦˣҲô࣬࣬ȷʵŽҲˡ

һԣԼǰɢֻǰš
ϼˣ֣Žջؾǣ֡⾩ĹҲģʱһȥЩ˵
ͷôزʲô⡣

Żؾ£δŽʹ˵֣£Щ⾩ǵѲɶͷڽʱҲͦõġ
ϱﶺЦˣ̧ͷǧ˳󣬻ؼҿޱӡ

нϵĹоǵĹءǵĹŮȦӣǸŸֵϵѣЩŮǱǱȽöࡣ˭˭ã˭˭˵һ䣬ƾСŮϾԲעܾ͵һˡ
ͷˮء

˶˵öԣŲЩէ࣬ҵʱ͸Ž㣬ƨɣ
ˣһЦŲأ˼ֲ㣬ڻû䡣
һ죬û뵽ԼҲǹæĵɩӿɱȤˡ
ʮ¾ʮˣһСס

游ЩһϹսǹֵܡ
½ؽ֮ãһԼжӶԷŮ˾ͽΪ׼ҡ˭֪һҲһӣһһϧǶӡ˾ﱲŮһȰҾͽ»Լ˶һԸ

Ǹž޵ֻȰ꣬ȴǴԪ״ԪټƷòˣ²˹Ժʾ¡ĳϣȱ
һδ򣬰Ȼ޶ԣһʱֻƤա

ʵߣҲֹס˻ͷٴȤ

𾩳ǵĹǣȥģԼаѳơЩ˵ϵ̨Ĺǣϸϸûһȵӡ
ӼԺգҲû߰飬˷ձȨԼ͸˵ˡ
ּϻһԶׯţҡҡͷ
ĸںͷء

ֻȰСһѮҲǽ꼰ǣ˵¶ˡ
ڽҲû࿴ֻǱȥܾò⣬ϵ˻ؾԾھһ޵ĽһЩԺҲչ˵

ϸ̾ǴͶףǶĸ׵СްϾͶˡ

˵ŻһѾ̧ͨү֪ˡ
ϵɫһ¾͵ˣ޵ɫҲ

˵ҲԲϡ»Щڽǣһʱ˸¥Ůӻ˭һξϢ˱ʺͿˡ
Ƿ޶ȥʮ꣬ҲûԼӴϣ˭֪ȥһӱʧˣÿϧ˿Ҳڲ˶Ϊֻһӡ
ɼǰؾսű㱻һߴס˳ĳϴ꣬䵭Ǹͣ

ԭǸʧԼˡ
ܷôģԼϢܲϣֻð˴˷븮ȴҲҹȣ°Լ޵ۡ

ظǰһû֡һǰļϣǷ׵ģһϡ
˭ֳ֪ٵ˰ʱ뿪ʱһڶר÷ȥ֪ǵʱִͷβû¶档
ڸŴ󻧽ôЩ꣬ûôƵˡ

Ѿи˿񣬵ĸװ

ĵһо䣬˲Ҷ࿴䡣˸ӺܸߣӢûʲô顣
ɰ͵͵üۣ·Ǻ档

̧ͷŷϾȻһ˿ڡ

ںãĴȶţȴҲãӰյ΢΢⡣
֪˼ɫֱ׺ۣӢܵòȴѵһӢ
Ϊ⣬ӱĲ˵òһһĳʡ

ϲ˵ֻɤվʲô
ΪҪһȥͷתķ飬Щѿ

֪۾˭ҲͦΣƽ£븸ȥ
֪Ѿʮˣǰ˷ĹϵֻǱһƷС٣ƽЩȵ顣

ⷬ˵ֻ꣬ȥ顣

һߣҲû˼˵Ŷͷ˵ˣһ̸ֻˡ
ԶԶֺ͸Ժȥ¹ӭһߡ

֪ΪΣײǱ飬Щȴ⣬ƵģΧм䡣
ǸӰֱֿۣͦ۾һᣬȻͷ

һƽɨһ£ʶƿĿ⡣ٻͷȥʱѾûˡ
˿

ߣ̤ϻʯذ壬ӭһԶԶƼűһȺѾӴӵţıԼԺӡ
ͣԭأԾؿáɡӣŻع׼ؽԺ

Ȼֵٻȥ
һ㶣ͷͼֺܴ
ףԥһᣬǸֻȥˡ

ǶţıƮ
ֻĸŮ˶ϰŹϹһʱȻ˾Щ塣

˺ٵһദҲǻͬĺӣ˶ҪƳĬȴʵҲͷ
ȴ󷽣ȴЩӡ
еķ飬Ƭ̣ոչҪ˵˵ͱ飬ĸס 

תŷ飬Ŀһ˿ڣ㳤ˡ
һǵճʱֻҰ첲һ뿪һϸϸĿޣһ󡣡

ʲ˵һĻֻ̻˶Сĸߵ̫ˡ
ϲӵһ٣ͷٿԳֺڣĸ׶Բס㣬һˡ
۽һƵ۾һˮҲЩ

ƺЩģͷ˵
һ³ĵ̧۴ϣȴ䷢޽ǾȻһ˿׷
ʱҲòмʱ¾ȻԳ̬

Ͽķ飬ͳ˵ĸҲпԵġʵڿһ ˵ҲգСûĸҲʲôöǲտ֣֪Ҫ۸ôԵһ

߬߬ӣһһµĥģ֪˵ʲôСûиĸߣĸҲģҲ˺ܶ۸ѽ

ֲ̧ᣬȻס˰֡
ڭZҲˣһЩܶطҪչá 
ĸһģֻŮңҪõģñͿЩЩͱ 

ϻ߶߶ðĹϹոһЩ޵Ȼ͵ˡ
ţʵûĸ׵ֺ
˹գأȴݿܵأ˻

㶣ֹ˻ͷﲻ֪ΪЩţǵؽСˣղ˵ʲô
ƫͷŽı飬µһӵ²˲֣ûʲô

ߺִڼСȣϴȣǺοࣿ˵ôﶼˡ

̾˿¶ֳ࣬ʲô취ŽСģһ£ײ˵ˣ֪˶һӣҪǲŽЩǶƫģҪҵļǣ

⻰һ˵Ҳ˶սĸס

үǶô磬Ŵ߳ʤ̣ѱĴ仨ˮڰͷߣ˳ƳʤʱǶô緢
ǶǹȥˣǴүǹ˺ͨз磬ʿŮ֪˶أųЩүֶŮķԷץסѱ¡

˵ֻǾòףȰһֱҪ˴ġ
ϲΪ⣬ĹҲɣ

޻˵лЩǣĹﶼͬ׽ǸŶƤҲδġ

ô꣬ķŵѳΪϵϰߣķ飬ŽĻ»֪أҽһ£ȻûбȵùӵĹӡպ˿ˣҪƫѺ¸ԼŮ
˼ССģ޸ү֪˵˶лҺòЩ꣬ܳЩѵҪץסѱ

Խ˵ԽֶٸΣֻðοˣƽԶǼõģ˭˲˵ǴˣѸŮ

ϱ˱۾βŵһǵŽ취




3.     Ӣ

Ժ߽͸еһӭʶ˿
ڼ䣬һ˸ߵĲ֦ƿԣðɫСţźüͨ͸Ĵ

ϧڶţһԲЦϲ졣

ϣ¸һšӸú
ֱ̧ۣϷĶ΢ϲ̾һһߺôˣǹµĽӣ

ϧҡҡͷң
ϧüɫĽ꣬ҲôˣԭϷͷˡ

ǸµţǸŴүӽġǶӣһڴʮ꣬˶Щ档ŷ𣬴һº͡ЩūźӹˣҲˣΪڽһء

Ͳµ±Q죬ûϣһ£ֳͱ𣿡
ʵĸү

үһʮ궼ڽϣʮZǴүĵճӣиӡ
һӺȻ˾ǣ˼үӳ˼졣

ȻʵǷ֪ȫ࣬㶼ȥʰɡ
֪ϲЩȵ£ͳȥˡ
ű飬翴

ϧŵزŶ౦񣬰ȴЩܲסˣū澿²һ¾ܶģҪǶ 
ϧԡ飬תͷСѾߣ۵ѵЩңҪͲڽԺźˣ
ϧҲûӣ죬˵ͺˡСѾͷŵ죬žعڵϣˡū澾ǲӣԺ󲻻ˣ

³û˿飬ĸϧɫԸȥʡ
ϧŵɫҰ׵˳ȥˡ

ָ˱²裬ͷЩۣɫСūȥͺúýѵϧƤӣԺϸ˵

ڴǰ鲻ղŵɡ
Ȼ֪һ²Ե޹ʾ͵죬׷ȥûκε塣
ﲻᣬһҲϷ˵ŮϷ˶ΨһѪ
Ϸʮû϶úܡʱƫ˭治һ

ûȤ顣

˰Σֻзȵ
ӹ۲һڣζͷͻȻĹĵģĸ׸ϲ˭һЩҺŽ֮䡣
ɰ׵СѵЩ档

ԿЦһϵ̬̫ˣ貹һ¶˿ڡҲ֣ôһعСӣôͺү̫̫ϲأ
˵ˣһܷء

˼ȥֻȰοǹĸףȻģֻǹͷദ٣žиˡ

ҡҡͷˣΪˡ
ϸ˭ղŲ֪ôˣʹʳ˿ڡƽʱ⡣
⣬Сʱ򣬿ϴһߣƲʱдˡ

ȻҲˮʯίʹ޳˺˵һſۣһȺΧź塣
Ҫǻ˭ۣ˭أ

ƥƽأ۲˴룬Ľëϣ˹ġ
ѡǸεĳȻǿˡһԺӾĴʽһӽ˿ⷿ°ӵۡ

ɰȴЦЦС̵ģҳɣôõӣҲˣ߷ϸٹ¾ܴˡ
ûôõء

Ժںͷţѵ÷ˣ˻˺ƣ˵Щ˽

еľһ̾ͷԽԽңЩ˴򶼴꣬ò׿
ϸ˱ƣϸĵظ⼸ȣ˵îүԶЩƣҹҲ˯úЩ

еľƱȻζҿαԺǲ򵥡
ͣ˿ӣæǶ˳ȥɻү⻰ʲô˼
˿ھƣʹķָָλͺȾƺȻӣǰʱ˸ˡںԣ˵أó
æ£ͷЩİն˸ɾ¸·ˡ

̲סզ࣬Ѿճˡ
ճѰʵڵҩһڴֳ֮̽ʳ١¶вֻѱɫӣûľǿɲ˵ͿԴ˺һѪ
ȵòͷ˺֣˲ٰ֪գֻǸ˷Ϣ£ֻӲ֪

˾ǣͷǶҳһˡ

ӻ˻ӹóӵɣƫһ֪·ĴɵĻʵǡơ
һլˣҲ벻̫Զĵطֻ֪еĹӶЩ࿴˼

ԽԽȣⶼ˲ٰգջȥˣ˿ܾʹðֻ˸бˡ
ڱ߽ıȨҲǿЦġ˵䲻ģ»֪ôءϣһ࣬αԺѼܺãͷǼҲܳһ۶ӡ

һ֪ǿĴˣæү֪ģǸˣǰѶﵱС˵䲻ģȴﶼأҾź¡
˵˵ţۿˣѲɻʲô𣿡

һᣬԼ涣Ҳ˵֪˭˵ǸˣʮˡЩͬţЦȢ˸ССӣ˭˵Ȣ˸ޣֵܵŹŮΪչŽʱ˲ǶǷࡣ
ΪЦӲ˲ᣬүҾͺá

֣޶˵˺Щ强ĳıűЩʳѾʰϯϴϢˡ



ܿ㵽³һȥԺӡ

ԺѾ컹ûͿʼæµŵʰ
ѵóԶţѾǾľõĶˣԼҹ˯òȡ
ѱ죬λΣȻ
ӣ˼ټһЩװҲһ

îʱѾһУǰԺֳZ
ZǰմԺˣֻС󡣰ϲ˵źüҹ˴ͷ
Z˴ҲеĶߴֳû˵仰ֻǳ밲лϴ͵

Zͤͤãοֻƽ赶ŪˣûкľСദľ顣Ҳ֪˵ʲôֻСأƵ÷ϡ
ڰԡ

ǰϲϸ˵ȶӶรȣҲÿյ밲̥ԺҲȥˡ
ˣZͰĵԼõĽԡ
͵͵ZϹȻҲмϲ

ӻûߵԺţͻȻͣˡѾߵƺͷZ˵Щʲô
ûһᣬĳͱƿˣ¶ZЩǸӣǳЩ鷳Ҹȫš

ȻûвӦģͷֳȥɡ
Z˳ӣǰȥˡ

һֱߵϣŷ˸Ƚ

ƿӣһŴȵظ
̧ͷһӢ




4.  β   Ů֦ͷѩĶˡ

֪һƥɫ̵ظ
Ŀ

ƽֶӣҲôЯβ֪Ϊ÷֪˳
׸ոջؼʱƯʮֺǲϲ˵棬ѵһĲֵʵӦǲġ
Լԣؾúܰġ

븮ĳӵʱ˳ݳڶм󣬳ӾԺʻȥ

һ˳һûг·Ͼ;ƿ⿴ϧ֪ΪΣһ·ûʲôֵľرǳ˳ǣոٵÿ
һᣬҲȤſڴϡ
ѩƵİףظڴϡ
֪һۣû˵ʲô

Ĺٵûһա
һԵС·ҲԵʮֻİܣɿݹѵǺĳöû߹һţšһüġ

ѵóţҲһ⿴˴˾С·ū߹Ŀˣôô
ӳУ˶˰ɡҲ֣뵽ԼĻд˾ôһ

ԶԶһȺ᾵İմԶԵ̾䣬۾ǰ

Ůʩۣ֬ȳĨΣ򵥵װ±ˡɵɵ⿴һ·֪˶˵ۡ
֪ǰסȺð̹ҲǰһЩ޵ߡ

֧°ǰӵͻȻһʹƵӱŵ˰ӡ
Żڻζӣһ˶ӣûǱҿˡ

ҲһæŰ֡
عŵϸոմӵǿӣĹӦҲǲģգգ۾Щྪ֪ˣ֡

СŮϸϸģ֪û˵
׼ȷƵ󷽣һȺĹǱǱض

һŻźͷˣ׳ŵӵôˣ·𣿡
֪ҡҡͷָָÿ𣿡

һĿİÿŮ֦ͷѩĶˡ
֪ͷƽǾ⿴ţٿһԡ

סˣ˾໰Ҫ֪ƳһۣƵػԡ

ԭأ߬ýġ
Ǹ˸ոտһۣڿˡ
ߣеļҲˣһȺ˴ԭأԶ

ǰƼݵ˵ǰסˡ
һ۵Сߵԣ֪ͬ˵Щʲô֪룬ͷ
ţʵ̵жϢطֳһС͵ߵķȥˡ

̵֪εĹӣͷβû˵һ仰



·ͣһᣬ˽ѵҲ⿴ֻһ֣Ǻܿƽˡ
Ȼ˻г̣ӵ̻ǰϵ˱Ժ

齵ıԺǰľɹ
սвƵĹͱһ£ѷֺܻеɼǰĴ黭ʯһһﶼԼɼǰʵ۵ңҲֻǵӱıԺ

αܸĲӳ購ǻ׹ݣЩϼҴڣˣ߰˰ٺˡ
ƽţרֻһԺӣҲαװˣҷֵԺӶܿ

Ҵ˴γеûйʦڣϷǰȾ˷纮ԴϢҲûµģү򸾱ڸտֻһ̥ŮԴͷˡ
ʮӲõסһԺӣǾסϵĶ䣬ҲЩ

ס԰λƫƧѵ徲ԺһƬСС֣еȴС᷿װηǳӣȴǰͨ͸ˬͦϲġ

;Ҳû˼Ҵ˲˾Ͳټ
Ҳ˵źһƿٻƣ˸ոչʱϱСͨ˵һ˶ȥԺʳ
ֻʰһ׼ȥ磬֪ļʰԺӡ

ǰȴϣūƹ˿ڣүҲǵģ￴ͷôˣԼҵӣֻûûصġ
Ŷʰо͵ӵ֡

ֱֻ̧һֻڴ˴󣬵ڰһϾԵøɲ

ǺĵģҲ֪־ӡһŮôƼȷʵá
ʱۣѾûʲôоˣЦŰοһСˣϵҩͺˡ

ڶȫæҩ࿪˿ڡ
񶹸Ƶ˰춼²֣໯ˡ
Ǻĸ࿪ˣ̱ǵĻɫҩƱϣ۵šסü

ʱѱƿ֪ſһľнˣ˶
ʲôգգ۾Щ
֪ҡҡͷūҲ֪

ľб򿪣濴һۣһѡ

֪֣Сذ˳
ȹڱݻɫϦŶǵĹԣһ䳤Ⱥ

ȹӶġ

һȣ˿ҲɵϲЦտӶԹġѼֵҪҪ⡣

·ȴûϲ⡣һԵ֪ģôͻȻȹأ

Ԫ翪ţ˻ԼŮ֮以Լ׳ɵġЩ̫˽Ϊ˱ӣ˫Ĭͨ
磬ʱӰҪ뾩ü¡ҲȥĵطˣӺϲЩСǴû͹ֶ
ˣһº͵ǲͬ

ίӸž˸õ
Ҳ̫ˡ

ЩɵؿѾߣǴСġ
ҲǼ첻ϣ©˿ڷɡ

ȹӣʽȷʵÿɫЩˣٴôɫɡ
ЦŰȹս

֪ԥһᣬû˵˼ֻðʾͶС̫໹أʲôҪ𣿡
ЦЦЩ
ûҪӵݻ˼֪Σֻ˳ȥˡ

˼ɫĽ£һȹͷһ򵥵ȥϵԺӡ
ҹˬЩЩʱ䣬ϻǳЩ

ҴҵؽϵľԺͼԺ¶ϯصذ
һԣϰЩĻƣһӣʣµСһӡ
ûôأʱѾˡ

һԲˣڷZıϣԱͷԵķԴûʣһλãȹҪ¡
Բڹ⻬ĵש򻬣ȹڲסԲʣźһЩСĶҪź¡

һͻȻһֻ֣ȵطסԲʡ
Ӧʶؾȥˡβ׵һĴУһ㶣˶סˣֻֿٵ˻ȥ

Ӧһ±ͨ죬βŵͷŵлл֡
ֳҲӴͣοǱͲ̫Ϥ֡Щյ򴽣СҲ֣ôôꡣ

һԵֺƲؿһۣһ
Ů֪ûʲôЩǸذյ˱

䷢һСܿͿʼר÷ˡȣûʲôθڣȷʵЩˡ
϶ЩˬСˣҲǳɿڡԺ¶ȱȾǵЩŲŵһ뷹

һԵķȻ˾ѣЩߵ㣬Ӹ⡣
Сʮֿɰ˵ЩƽϴͰҲ̫Ϥ
ͷãС

Сɵصͷ

ȡ˹Ӹ⣬̧ӣȥ˿Ӹ⡣
Ů¶һСֻӣӷ֪ǰȥ
֪ʶضſƲȴŮ֡
һ۵ϣڰѩƵļԵøª

֪ջߣƽţġ

ӸⱻŽСóԡ
ССڳԵ㣬ﻹʣһͷ㲻ƫģҲһ

ЦЦߵ˿δС׽ÿý㣬žЩװɵԵˣ߻վѾء
Ҫ˵Щʲô֪Ȼָ˿Ӹ⡣
óԡġ

һ˶ˡ
ֻз֪һģ˶Ҳ˽⣬δЩ̫Էˡ

ſӸ⣬Ȧһ¾ͺˡ
֪һ飬ûӸˣZóһƵؿһۡ
һˣԼˡ

֪鶼һ£ֻǲͷδжİߴٵԡ

ǳǵ˷ţһ˭ҲˡZҲԣ
ZǰýοɰͻȻЩۡ
ŶĹԹŵİŮһģ˵Ĵ󷽵壬ŽôôءҪˣȴΪһƢ

һ˶ĵع۲ʮӣ֪ϿüӢֿʣµسķ

ӸҧһڣһһĵģҲĵؿһ֡




5.     ľò

Zؾû£͸ı˸ǰĹ٣˷ȥˡ

ϰ׷
ϳҲߣ֪ǲʲôѾ߷˺ٻƣ͵С

СѾ߻úܣȸƲĶﵹ˾ơ
Żɫֻ̧۾˭Ҳ

Թһ֣ԺſͻȻ˸̫࣬С̫೤òۣͼʺͺɣеķСһ˵˵ơ
ʺټȻҪȥҲԷˣæŮѣǰʧǡ

ʽЩѣ͸ȥء
һ·϶ںڽҲ˸󣬵ǰһȫͬĴݻĹϵȼĵ
һйңǾĻʹһʲô⾰أЩ㱵š

һͤˬˡܱСضźҶӦˮĲˣͥͶԲ⡣
ͥŻʺһڷ˹Ů

ϴŮ׽ͥУؾصعд
/Ůݼʺ򸣽𰲡

ʺǸƢº͵̧̧΢Цɡ
л˹ؾصл

ʺϥһӣĴӣѾʮˡʺҲѾʮ۽üҶǷϣһӺݻʣɳƵò
ͥλԼһСȣ΢ЦŸϴƴ£ڻʺλˡ

ϴμˣƻʮǰһ۾͵ˡ˻ؾǼ£ɻӦ
ЦĻҲϲһжӦúܡ

ʺͷųͷ֣ŮֻŮһСŮҲǻɰ꼸ˣ䣿
ͷѭǰһʺһסһֻ֣ǼΪϲ
ûʺЩͷˣȻºͣҲûƽ׽ˡ

ֻʾţСĽЩ˵˵
һ֮ĸ֣˷ܵӷ裬ԥرܿ
޷ֻøӽЩ

ǫˣŽԻúöȵŵĹŮǡҪʮˣδס
ʺĻ±ǲҹʵģȻӰվҪˡ

Ӱе֣ʺͻȻͥһȤЦ
Ӧɬ״ײ˵
Ůͤͤ΢΢ΡһüëԶɽܽأһ˫ƺʱ̺ˮһۡˮ촽΢΢ںڵĳ䡣ľò

ͥеķС㶼ǼģûŮͬӭӣһ־˵ٶȳɳˣļʡ
ʺֻ֣ӣЦеδԽˣӰĸ
ͷӣлŮʢޡ

ס죬ô˵Ӱϲ̨ƵģɲŮòи
Ǽңӵĸ׷ӺͲಡ齣ûȥˡһˣΪչӣȢǰ˵׵Сϡ
СòѰʮҲûһϢƽϲ˵κã±˿

˵ǲǣүܰ˵ЩǲǻýӰһ磿춨ԵСת˵
ֻýӲصͷСͼ˵Щû뵽ڻʺǰҲ̬

ʺεҡҡͷɿ֣ǣסţҹܲˣûǿԳıһġ
ŵֻӣϲ廰͵Ҳֻ¶ףܼ޳ȥˣԼû뷨

΢죬һ֮ĸеѯʣȶӶģСŮûʲô뷨һƾ
ʺ״üСŮǲھǵİ󷽵塣
еҲǷˣЦǱˣؼҵźϢɡ

ͥеķһۣ˻ʺ˼Ҫ࿴ǲҪﶨԼҵĶɡ
ȻᷴԻʺЦеиҪǣһź¡
˫飬Ҫһ޵ıһá

űȺ˹Ů䣬ͷ
ϴͷβ岻ϻؿŷɵ㶵ǵرʺǣűߣҲֻǿ𴽽ǣʺл

ʺӰ˰ڣЦ

κأоԼƺҪ޸ʲô˲õˣȸԾĿһԵİȴֻһƽĲ

ʱһС̫ͥͨ˵Ǵˮˡ
ͥе˷׷ſڿȥ

ӣһǻʺĴӣһԹĶӡֳٳٲ̫ӣо岻˶ǡͻȻȻ˲Ŀ⡣
мЩķˣѻʺǰһϵ³ʺĴˡ

һĴĳӴ˽Щףϸ֮»Щʺġ
ˮӦȥʺȴЦеס㻹ǵ÷뽫Сʱ򻹽ġĶŮǵã

һ˫ĵۣ㲻ϿʵҲһӢ˳ƾͿѾķš
ȷʵЩ죬ú뽫˵ţȴס
ߴӦˡ

ƺδŤͷС˵˻
ʺˣ΢ɲü



ҹھԺ˺ôƢ
¿үǺúݵĳֻŽҪ˵Ҳܶ죬ʺҪý˭ס
˵˵ȥ֮ͲĴ

ǰǰٰ㣡
̬̫֮λٳٲĸ˲ٰ֪գ˱ضǡͷӣ˻ʱվӣǿǺʹӰġɴ鱩꣬Ϊ˸ãΡ


ŽӣҪ˲ǻһ£
ֹ˿ôˣҽտǴӶŽҲʮС

룬ǶŽУǶŽµֻУ
ֻ޿䣬ȫ޴󸾷緶ֱۣͻȻϷ˵˵Ļ
ʱִҪȢõϣϷ˼סˣССƼһУ²и

;зƣѾˡ
ǰ˦һ仰°ٺһܳɣ

ߵͷҲأϿŽӣ˭ҵѴ



ԡٴСϣС¯Ѭͷ
βͶˣź޼޵úܡ

մԺ˾ͺܻشü۹˾ȫ޹Ů֣ͥг۾ľ֪޼ˡ
ҡҡͷԺ˵ЩˣԶá
ŸҲã˲ˡ

֧°ͿĽëСӣ𣬡Ժס˭
вԺӶһһҵطֻ֣֪סǷˣȴ֪˭

֪ĵǴү

Ȼ֡
̧Դ濴һۣԺӺںģҲ߶Ϣˡ
˻Ȼ֪ΪҪѿɸмЩĹȥıл⡣
˭֪Ϣô磬˿Ӹ⣬ֻźķͷ

ͷѬðˣѾȥϢԺȱֻйĹӲõš˵±ȾЩǶҲǳһ
ҲˣЩϢ
Լƣ˽ʱ˯ȥ

ںȻһ΢磬һϨˡ
һ׳˶õ˨֨֨Ļڼžҹ
ס᷿࣬ЩԶˣȻһ㶯û֡

רĶ֪ʱͻȻ˸Ӱ
˨ҪŶ롣

źȻһֻסˣһЩɻ࣬ǷŸݵСôԺˣ

ŵһ飬һȭȥ׾סˣŲӰϡ
ڰпŵòӱŲӣŵǺˣ

֪ЦһɣȻشҵ⡣

һᣬʵڴ򲻹ˣ뵱Ȼذ˵˷ҵĻ
ֻƴ˵֣յҹˣӼֻ𣬾ΪŵԺӣǹΪ
һ˸ĳӣڷ֪ǸûзСУΣֻɪɪ

֪רŵĳ˹Ŷһ
̧ۿЦе

ź˿ѱӷſˣҲĲ㣡
̧̧֪֣ݶϢ¼ˣһ´ߴˣɡ

ΧӾ̵۾ȴһ˫ס˼ڵĺ

ҹԶӸ⣬һ˯òãԺ˸جΡ
˴˾ǣ֪˼ģ븮Ҳˣ˰ˡ

ʮֵ壬ķ·һֱ˵ʲôͷ۵á
źµؽСʱһ˸جΣμұץˡ

۵ͷοöƷٵĵŮδӣڻʺǰҹŵˣĸôĵӸҰ
ֻǸΰˣ롣

ĸоͷǷĻɹðģڷ˲䡣
ǰĸͽô󵨣




6.  ͽ   㻹Ҫûʵʲô

˯˸ٴʱѾʱˡԺϺˬ˸ֻþ
ױ̨ǰ֪Ӹֻᷢͷһӵƺˤ˶

ͷ⿴Щͷôˣ
ʣСүҪͶظﲻԸ⣬ء

ĲŻ³ɣȻٰѷŷڱԺˡ˭֪ǱԻҩһŲϻȥҲˡ
ʮûˣȫڽˣڻء

Ȼĵͷǻŷŵģֻһºͣ󲻳ͬ˳ܵӡ
Ƕôô
ϺͷҪӵˣôôĳ֣ǿЦ󵽸˼Ժӵİˡ

Ҳ֣´ͳȥ̽ˡ

ǱԺĵһ죬ֻټ˼Ӻͽûʲôϯĳ֪Ϊֻ˸ˬķ͡ʲôλû˼ѣڴˡ

ԺûиϵС㣬ҶǸԴ˳ӣʱҸԺӱٳһСʱţһܿˡ
Сֳ磬һࡣ

ܿͻˣһðЦõϢ
ִҲҿֻ˵ǶŲԸȥͻȥҲҪ͵͵үһ֮¾ͽдүȥ˭֪үԺտյģҲûУסˡ
үһʱˣүڻûҵء

ôİ֪ԺܿͰˡЩ֣סĶǹˣҪǲСĳײ˭ֿпͷˡ

ִսЩСū澻˵ټӣӵĵпտյҹ˾ƣ֪ܵȥˣҲʺͷ۵ëˡ
գգ۾Խˡ
վͶ˺þãֱģǲЩ飬úڱԺǡ


Ժʮ⣬ɽɽ

һȺżªĴڴ˴ӪϵźüðĴļ
Ⱥ˿ڣϸһƣֱܷ̼ͦȣȻӡ¶·ǾѵеĬ

Ӫʵм䣬ʧٵĴ·ʯϡ
ֻһѣŹˣɹ˰ʱͷۻʯĵطǹ˲Ƥŷκζ

һ߽ףƤڵĴʯͷϣһ˴ڵϵˣƤȴκ
󺺼״źض˹ӣƵߵԱߵ
һߵܣǻҪã

޳ź˲һĳۣպˮһȻʯ֡䣬¶ֱһֻǺʣʯϱߣپˮӡ

ר־дֲ󺺲ɦɦԴĿ¶ͷľͤǲͤΪɶһֱŰˡ
ͤǰĹ⣬ֳԪ۵˽⣬رأθӣѹ
һѾˡ

ͷҲ̧˵ʲô
˰죬һţ˵ˣ治ܽлܣҪо֪

֪ͣ˱ʣһԵӲ֣زסˣ
壬ʵصͷܡ֪زסˡ

֪ѱӸֽ̧ס·֪߿飬ʵֱ֪ӹȥѶ˾ߣҪȴƫƫص𣿡
ͷ룬ֳʵҡҡͷ֪Ҳס
һһֱûԶ̲סˣˡ

˸ߴĸߴ޳޳ԶԵܶ࣬СǻиҪãڵʱ
ƶǶصͷɽϣΪʲôȥͤռˡ
Զ̾˿εҡҡͷ֪

֪׾޳ָɫѪܣȥԺȥͤ
˶ʱĺܶ࣬ԭȦЩɻԺǻʵ϶ס𣿾֪㻹Ҫûʵʲô
֪ЦЦʲôʲô


ûܰѷͻȥͬһܣ˶ƣ

磬Ͻ˰
ʵ̫ȥܲʲô£δ˻ĥһᣬֻûѣƵȥˡ

ȥϵԺӣǰ˷Z
ˣZ˿ĸƣΪҪֵˣȥ⿪ĸװɡ

ܲûʲôãӦ÷ο
˲֪ȶԺӵĸϢء
̾˿ֻӦˡ

ZæǰŰЩԥ˵֪ĸƽǷ࣬ίˣĸ
Ű峺۾ZЩ˵ȥˣֻĸѴҪðɰ޹
˰ΣZܵûʲôȥĸ׾ͺˡ
ĸŮ֮иҹ𣬶ദദȻͻи顣

ŷZҴҵıӰգգ۾Ųµ˷Zδ֮ԣﵹûʲôо
Ǹ˾ͻƫģҲûôϲϡֻ˵ĸŮ֮ҲǿԵֵģȻĸףȴͷŸĸŮԵֲ֣˭

һžͱֿʼ߿ˣ˶˳ȥ
ĸŮԶϺۿϺͿˣҪôͻȥúǡ

Ͽ޵۾ˣһʱ֪Ϊ˸׿ޣΪ˷ſޣôܹ鲻Ϊ
룬ĸ׺øǲġ
ϿЦڲҰͻȥҲ¡㸸׶˵ˣͷϵأӵͷŹʡʵͨ˲֪ٸˡŽǸСӣЩʲôҪļˣûʲôùӳԡ

ӵʽ϶ֻ֪ԿŮĿӾǸ÷
ԱŰڷƺҲЩõȺãδȢޣѾкüˡЩ˼ҶŮ޸
뵽;ĿڽʹҪļˣ˲֪Ҫ˵أ
˵ĻŽȥĸȥȰȰòã

ھǴʮ꣬ȻûʲôҲͷֻǷҪޣ˭Ȱסء
ĸ׻ǷſİɣԼĴ㡣˸־ҪȥȰˣָΪûء
ûȤ

ֲţĸȰȰģôܿ
ȰʲôãĸײеϵȻͲˡί
ϰԹѾȥҵĻˣһľ㣬ǰ̣ģ£ȥȰȰһһΪá

ۿβѵЩˣ֣ĸ˵ˣֻʮδıýˣûж༸ֵ֡

˵뿪ˣôտյģϼʧǵĿڣܾʧȥʲôҪĶ




7.  ͵   ֶճյ

صԺڴûĻ
Ѿţ»ƿҪһۡ

ڷ֪ǵڼֹؿʱε̾˿Ļˣλˣûµġ
״æ˱۲裬ǰСȵģĶš
СΪЩֵôһ⣬ѾȻ۰ģҲپðӦ׽ˣﶼЩ಻塣

Ѿ߶еؿԼижֻǱҲˣĲ⡣
һϾϵŮ㶪˼ԼСҲƣοԼĸס
Ҳˣȷ޸УһЩᷳûлʱô鷳¡
ҲһڱףǶǺܶǰˡ

ǷľǣҲϵġ
ڶ˵ֻһЩİݣֵΪ
Ѿ߶һۣҲֻˡ

ҹϴֻһſڴͷؿ¶һСƬƤӨڼ⡣ȼó㣬ڴ߸ȡ
ҪҪūŹ˯

ҹʣ¶ڣƽСһСźȻЩҹ˯á

ԺǰҲʲôҪסҲ͹һ˯ûѾ˯С齡ҪҪ˯ڵϡ
ҡҡͷ˵¶УֿɰԼԡ

һů֪ˡ·ںڵĳڼͷ̬Խ
ôͲ֪أ

ҹϨ˵ƺȥ˵᷿
ڴ˻˯žٻЩȡ
ɴ˵ƣſڴ߿˻Ựҹ˯š

ȣڵϣˮʪ¡
ǳĻ⣬ڴšˣ£ǹΪ̶
ڴڵشǵļڵʲôꡣ

һתսڶ濴һ׳ĲӰǰֻܻһ
ӵı飬ºƽұá
ھ˲һһһɫѵŮӱˡ
ˤڵϣ˵죬ˡ

һ̣ͱڲǱصᡣ
ںˣĹǶˣһ͵͵Źɽķҵ
һߵߣĸߴ󣬰ڵϣֻܿƯߡ
вͷͳ૵ץסˡ

͵شӴæḧı󡣡
ǲˣ
ݺݵش˿߷·Ī߶һͷ˽˷޽е㣡˸جΣ

ʮԺ󣬾ͺˡ
һ°ѷŵòᣬæĸļ米ĪޣﶼǼٵġ
һĪıУСһſڷ޵üͷһһʵģ·ԼеһС
˺һŻһһµظ˳ôˣ޵ôģ

ӣӻһһģͷЩ˼
Ҳ֪ԼôˣίģᶼԼˡ

޵Ȧͨ죬СС϶ۣ۵Ĳˡ
æȥϸ˱۲裬ȺĪ£ζǼٵġ

غ˲裬Ĳ˯ǰһһжɼ򴽣˵ǴſǻһμӣΣգң˱Ůˡ
δϣͬ÷Ͱ翴ˣȻ޷ܡ

ǺЦ޳˵С˲ϵĺӵδޣߵĶô᲻
ҪΣգǵһҪΪ󡣡
£ߵԶŰƷЩѾ߿ˣûһοġԵãһѵõĺ÷

գգ۾ȻǸߵˣ֪ôģȴ˵ڡ

޵̫ģ޳һ¶ʪˣˮϴ¡
һˬߣ˻νţҲƽˣŴʲôʱˣ

ʱˣҹſʼ˯񡣡
ӽҹҪؾٰᣬǶҪЯҾ쵽ȻҲȱϯ

黹ǲãۿҲģƣ˯ţɡ
ȻӦˣ

鷭ñȿÿ죬ƵģҲȥܾʲôõҪ



ҹἫΪ֣յʱӾλϡ
ϯĽأܶű飬ϰڲżȣڴȫܲһȵҹ
мĿյϣһȺŮö˿裬˵Ķˡ
ٹ˵ЦУѾ̫ŵĴϯ䡣

ЯҾλϯУپӶƷ԰λԿǰԼԼԴŮͷĹòС

ʺһλϣϵЦɣֱֱֻشţĿƣ̬Ǻóʱ䶼ûúϢˡ
ϯɨһۣȻûӵӰ

ӻûҵ𣿡Сʷ
һ߸˱ˮһСˣ˵ҹҵˣȾ˷纮ڵֻǴһֱ¶棬Ƕڲ´ʵûҵ±ֲ˵ҵˡ
ȻͲӷκľٶػʺżҲԸֳֻ˵˲¶档

ðȵԪۡ
Ԫ۽Ѿʮˣϯոտʼȵɫͨ죬΢̱ϡôԶܸܵصĺ

Ԫʮǰλʱȵۻӹ鳼ԪǷƮҡʱδ֮Ԫ˴ԪʮİȡڹУҲԪ
Ҳ빬ΣڵԶԶһ۾͵ͷٿҲԼǵԪ岻ȽɫǸӢˡ
ԶԶû㡭̬žʮ꼴ȥһ㡣

ţͻȻһ֦תͷһеؿ
ԴͨƢϾͺǨ
ֻΪϻȥȰŵ⣬ֻС˵ͷ

ôҪᣬȶ˵ϾСײ˹´󡣿ɲ֪ôһͨӲǰˣһԣڵܵˮ
۵ڣĿƵѰʲôһȦһȦҲֻʧ£㶵Ⱥüơ

һһĹ࣬ϿҲüֳϣȾ£ûܰĺȾơ
̰£ûǿЩɡһ䡣
˭֪ЦһҪٺġһƵС
ĵ¿ηΣǲٹֻԼˡ

˴˺ü˵ϣüǿ˵ͷ
ϼֻȥͬŽ㿴ϯϣϲĹӣ
ͬŮ˵ⷬѾǼΪ뾭ѵˣ˵øСҲû취ˣӼ޲ˣҪ÷и䡣

ûʲôŮѾвٹӹŮڻ͵ˡ
ǿ񣬰ɨһȦ

ϯУ߶ţ˿ؿˡ
ؿһۣͼ󲿷ֵĹӣҡȣͬһԵ̸˵أȻ䣬ͬһЦʱСأµƲһۡ
˳Ŀ⿴˰εĲ

רעسϵСˣͶȴ˿ԵĴ³׽ʱ΢նġ
̧̧ۣһŵ궼ҵػͷͬ΢Цʾʱֶճյ

Ƹܵ˷ŵߣһź󣬲˲ǣȻתһߣͬһĹŮ̸
ֻܿıӰʧջߡ

ƣҲٴˡ




8.     ȴ˵ģˡ

һֵʱתӣһԵ˵
׸ĵŮл磬Բɰͬʮֽá

мװһСһڣСã𣿡
ԼͬЩ׹ϵ˶ԷŵҲ֪ĶЩ

ҲѧСҲ֪
д۾ɫЩˣҲҪʷŵĻ£￪ʼ࿴˼ˡ

ҲˡȻЩȣһͲˣֻСһ꣬ѰŮ⻹Ϳʼ࿴˼ˡ
и͸ڷ𣿡

ԭͨԲҲԳɥŲأ͵͵ڲˡ
ҵŰҼ޵ݡ

ݣľˣ뾩ǿӱ޶£Ҳʢ׸ƽǵ۰ôͻȻҪԶˡ
˵ۿЩˣﻹ˺ЩΣ˽ⶼҪˣҪӻƵġ
ҵҲøҳ棬ڼǻҶ˵һ䡣

ô㣬϶˴ġ֪飬ԲԲĸ϶Ầġ
ӣ˿鶹⣬ߣҲŲʲôأֻ֪ģҼ޵ͰҼ޵
̾˿ȴǰƹˤ

ڿһۣ׸Ц̸ͬͬüۼȫڼеĺ
ӣűʲôһ
Ȼˡӻġ֡

յﶥʱԪ۳ž˼ƣٴήҵصϡһøͷǰһƺ«ﵹöҩԪ۾ž̷ɫÿࡣ
ͷ֪Ԫ۶˵ЩʲôԪǰһͷ

ͷһ˦ⲽ¡
£Ѿˣ³ĻԵУͷǶӾټĴɡ
λ̬ȸ߰Ҳֻ΢΢ʾ

ţʶͻһԾͨˡЦſͷ̬̹Ȼ

ŶԪֱӣϵ˵
Ǵɽһ˦˵߶趯

˼ªƭֱ
ϯһڴ㿴ңҿ㣬Ȼ˳Ĭ
һ裬һûйƶ
ԽԽԶڼ·ĳǣһͷ­ұע⵽ϯ䰲Ŀ¡

Ĵ󳼸иԵ˼¾þˣһ¶˻Ƶ飬˭ֱӴùͷ

Ҳæð˵ͷñɿУǸƵġĻԵ
ҲشͷɵţԼĴڸС

ԽԽסͷڰϡ
ǴҲ·
һֱֱ

ʱͻȻƳһԵİϵһƱзżæȥʱָʺĵܡ


һĻͷһڰвţͬʱһǿҵĲõԤӿͷһ˲ëȻ
ҺֻԼ
ŲԽԽ
㱼䣬һɨǼ⣬Ǹɴ£

Ѿ߼̧ǰ
Ůɫףȴ˿ڸǲЩֵòڷƣüΣڵϣЩ۵Сûʲô飬һŵˣʧ˻
ȴ˵ģˡ
ϵĿⶼ

ɫԪ۾ޡ
ɷŵ˭ҵģ

ϯ˻޵ĴһƬհףŵᶼ

ԵС̫Сѵʻء
ŻعСɷףĿİҡǱɼеŮ

ԪЦɨһ۴ϯɺڣ
УǿЦ£ȷǳеĵŮ

׵ʹʮ겻ĸ裬˿̶ûסӡ
Ͼٶ£ҲֻһʮǵĽŮԹ̡

ԪתžƱ¶һζЦݣиŮ
һԵĴɼˣɷǵػӻӣֻŮΪ򸾣ɳϡ
ԪЦŵͷΪȻΪأ

ɲǻ޲ɼˡԪ˳Ů̫үүˡ
ԪԸţԸⱻһƭǣűߣϯĴ˼죬һ˵淢顣
Ҳþò̧

һԵĻʺ¶һȿ޻ѿЦݡ

̱ڵϣӷѡ
ԼүүҪ̬ӣûססһӣŨܵ۽޼䣬˳¡

ʱͥһ겻˸׵׳ŵӳˣ£
ҪǰЩͻᷢ귽Ųͷͬ˵Цãȴһֱ͵͵ϡ

Ԫ۴۾Ƴһۣǣ

Ŭֱͦˣǰ¶ӣǻĵӡ
к

롭ŮлԼ½Υ
Ԫۿϣϲŭ档

һ׳ŵӳģʣһЩҲһһվˡ
ԪѲˣЩŹŶӵľηɶܿԼվԪۣǷûиô

ŮСǻ˻䡣
񡭾òס
µŮӣŮ⣬ʵ˲䡱
·˵һ˼


һһ˵վԪ۵ɫڵܵˮ

ԭԼӲˣǣͥΪվˣͻȻͼǿࡣ
ôΪͷҲ˺ų򣬰ΡΡشӵվĨ˰ᡣ

Ůδŵӣһö購ŮŮлԼҳλԸǺݣ˼һ˫ˮ۾ֱӣŮЩȴֱͦǳļᶨ
˵󣬾ͻڵ˴

ϯһĳԥΣҲվ˳£˷ŮӶʮˣֻＰǱΪ򸾣½Ϊ򸾣ǡϡ
иͷĳϯ
Ҳ˼

Ԫ۲֪뵽ʲôɫһ˲Ť

۾﷢ü궼ǵ

ʱһҴҵ˽μ£
Ԫã£

ͤз˻ĿĲϣ¹鹬˱塣
ͤԪ˽⡣

СС˿ܣͼЩԪ۹Ц̱ϣ˰ΣͻȻһİĿ¶׹⣬ȵӰڣ
УӰ
ϯӦ

һС̫ʮͤѲ顣
һǧ޽˷ˣ

ԪۺЦһüĿһ˿ץģҪǡ
˷˳ɹ޾Ӱ顣
ʧܣ׮£ɡ




9.     һŻòʲô

ⳡϯԪ۵ˡ
ɢʱпŰ޳ˡ޲øȥοֻǱԷǿдˡ
ǿŶЦЦŻصԼס᷿ԺϢض

ʱӦ˶ʱ֣˴ʱۼڰסİŽԺԺĪء
ϯɢ󣬰λһƮ᷿ҪǷڵϡ᷿ľڴߣһ˫۾ҲûɣѼѾ߲ųô

λӣ첱Ӵֺ֣ݺݵָһ·ţһŮңôôëëţ
ſϻ޵۾ˡ§ҲеŽҲǹģү뷨ѽôܼ޸أ
ôˣ˵Ҫ徣ҪѸ

ҲϣȻ֪ܼ޸¡Ҳ۰ԸԸ⣬˵ҪԾģڣۼĸұġ
һ̥ڽҳСŹʮ꣬Ҳûãŵɫס

ҲᣬӶʪ͸ˣô죿ͷ֪ʲôأҲݸһ
һӣһ˫ĿϬصϣûһ̯ˮǼһ㶼մ

ԪȻѾǸǿɵĻʵˣ岻ãһٳƭӾƴӣ˭ʵۻӹ׳Ļڵ»񣬱߽иձȨ
ִ󺵣鸴ӵĲһ˵ġҲѵ˵ˡ

ǺԣվԪȻǸõѡ񣬰޸˭ܼ޸Ԫۡ

ٷƢϱһԼؿ˳û˳һͺͷſ޳һš
ˣƣ̾Ťͷ˵ˡ

Ŵ⣬ѻƵĽëͶһƬӰɰ׵СɫССһˣ֪ʲôȻûȥȰοϵ˼
ZˣֻԼǰϵļ磬ñ޻ӣ͸ϻؾǣٴӱЩȥ֧ԮӰһȺû֯ķ˿ܰˣ涫֪ˡ

Եͷȥ¹ûô򵥣˰ҪǱˣҵȥ
СģЩЩҷ治һȺ
Zͷҹɫˡ

˫Ҳ˯ʱѾŻȥϢˣҲҭҭȥ˸᷿
ѾǶȥ⣬һʱֻʣˣϵĿֻʣ³صķΧ

ǰ֪ʱȼˣžһըһƻĲӰͻȻλȥŽʱҪˡ
ҪѷŽˡ
ϱʣ˿һ٣ʶôУŽ࿴

üֱͻȻվĸ׽ˣЩȥϢɣŮҲҪϢˡڴһ磬Ӷľˣվʱ£˵ĵһ仰
ŮƴСûһ˿Ѫɫ°Ϳۡͬʱִ֮ŵǧĮ

ŵؿļǱšסƵۡ˵ʲôֲ˵Ҳֻͬһ뿪ˡ

һߣ̱ĵصڴϣһ˲˯ˣرűӣɫ˵Ļֺ̿ƣ
֪۵û취ֲҽֻŵظѣһԵĽ̤ϴ

ȴ˯òȣһجĵ
Ѿ߲ڴһֱš



ͤҰӪΧһŵͼоս

˸£һߴλϡòĵţӪʶĳһɻ
괹Ӳ֪ʲôһûһµ塣
һСٽӪʣĶ˵ʲô

״ֹ

ԺһָãͻȻʵ˯ú𣿡
С㶣Ȼ֪ôش⡣
ЦЦû£ȥɡ

СºһֿȤδŵķ˴ˣ
пɫûзϣЦλҪӰϢȥ
ԶЦˣǵȻˣȻЩͬѰ֮ڣȻڻ£

ҪиһҪʹȥ⼸ȻգӦԶڱ߽פصĽ

ӪʵĵһҹͷҲһ˿ҹڡ

žԭҰϣԼӪﴫһֿ֮⣬£Ҫˣ
һҹδߵɫƽû治Ļ

һҹ֮˼پʬ壬ǳİաظѣʳڣܵ޼
һƬ١



ҹﾪѣͷ󺹵ؿڴͷŴ

һֱһԵķæȥ˳ûһͶǵؿŴϵСŮǲˣ˯Ҳȣһֱصᣬһ𣬰ƴСʪˣſˡ

ͻȻֳģƬΣĻǰõסĲӡ
ƽ˵ұá
һɫĶơ

ݺݵǣֻˮ۾׵ĸһƣ̾û˯á
μϴεĶ
ӣ§ڻﰲοΰǷģЩͽһȺ֪Ӵ£˵ѾźϢˡ
飬ﻹǾܵúܡ

֪һСؿһ㶫ɣô˵Ҫ
һҲھ񼫶ȿܣ̫ѨһһɵӺ˺ܾһط
˴ССڵģԵøɸɾ

վһԣ˱²裬ֹؿ
δϴҲ˯ˣ״ƵϻмӡίСɫ԰׵س

ԼҹﻹǵһôǱ۵ȦˣҲǵġ
̣ûһ亦˾˵ڡ

˲죬Ҳýѵˣض£ҪѡңôŶҡˤӵأҪ˶ô룬˵Ҳ۰Լ
ϧ˵ʲôڰֹ¶һ΢ЦˣȥϢɣҡ

Ѿҡͷߡ˼鱣֤ԼѰ̼㻹ģѾֻһͷ뿪ˡ
Ѿһߣʹ˵ƣ¹⿪ʼ

ʱ򣬰һֱڷ˵ʱԪǰǱˣʱһ⡣
Ϊʲôɻѡأȿųľʲôּ⣬ҲСӣ٣ǸеҲС
ⳡϷııضǸˣǹ

˱һأĿܷǸӣȻѡ
ɼȻǶģôʹпܾǶӡһŮңһŻòʲôһж˼
޷Ǿķңߡ

֪֮ǳñһЩҲô󶯸ɸꡣĿǷһˡ
ϵΪ˸ֶŮ¾͸ᱣ

ϵֶ˶٣Ƶ۾ͣϡʵҲûôҪ
ⲻǵĻ⣬¹ϣûа취Լиˡ
ķˣ˵ĶĿϢ뿪Ųκˡºٴ÷ҶУӴһ˹Ҳԡ

һ룬ҲûеʱлԼﻮһ
ܵʱѾƽˣԼʰңƯСǳ

һЩûΣͰСϵ˴ϣȻڴǿԼ˯
컹һӲҪ㾫

Ϩ˵ƣԺͱúںġ
ҹˣԺҲ½˯ˣֻвһһġ

һȺסأŴĽƱѵشԺӵΧǽ˽




10.  Ϯ   ǽ֮ռ֮¡

ͷĹӴһ£ϵİȺƵԺмǸ᷿û˸Ҷ
ܿĹ뷿ǽ֮ռ֮¡βһ΢һЩС

¹һ죬ȷʵͦսЩǱ˵ҲֻգǰЩԺɡ
Ҫ̰ĵ˶Ǻã

¹üҲҲ֪һˡҪһ˱ײˣ˷һˡ
ʣµԶŭĿӡ

֪˶ãǸЩɵҪҵ۾ҰѴҵĶӴӽȥɡ

꿴ԷҲֻˡ
㿴ҿ㣬ֵСϵʵʵġ

ߵ˷Ĵߣһƾƿ˰ȴһ˲һϮ۾ȴɲסӣ˺þòſʼһ

ʣµԺضֹסСߴ٣ͻڵļˡźö󣬼˾һһԺӡ
׼ķֿϵӣҪǷﲻ֪ǵ˼ô죿
㲻Ǹд𣿡һŭԸҲдŽһˣ

θǣڷץдһ磬ֻԼĲ׾ӣּˣ͸ﶼ۾ȾֽһҲֻд˸θ͸ˡ

΢ʣҲǸŭԣˣ˲ɢ



ڶ쳽ʱˣһڴϣѾǶûЩơ
ҹǸΣζ˸ϸڣվֻǼ棬ԺԴ²ﵽ׷ʲô
նһΣðҲɣѵָʾ

ߵСߴߴؽţžÿɰͷơȻͼԭտյĴСϣͻȻ˺ü
糿ıԺЩ⣬˼ѣߵ߲鿴

ϺõӣװЩûбʶСɹһǾͼֵơ˽ӽʮÿһġ
Щ״ϵ

ģҹ˯ʱ򶼻ûУѵҹ͵͵𣿰к£ŴǺúõġ
ΨһһС齵ĴҲǸֻܿȵСӣС˿

⼸Щ֪ô
ԥλǾᵽ˴¡
ֿ˻Ự֪Ĳְ

۾ױǰţͷ
ͷֺһѣˮһڱϡ

ʶ֣˵ʲôֻ֪һͷסõ˿񣬻ģ£ֵһֱȥ
ͷأȻһ

Ũܵĳһſ۾ôˣ
ӣū澳ȥơ˵ŵˡ
ȥûһᣬɫΪѵػˣСǶҪ
Ǹסˣء

գգ۾Ҫң˯һҹҲƽ࣬ŵҲûʲôоЩ֡
ʲô

ͷ˯һҹú˵Գֺ桰ŽɡҪʲô
Լ˷ܵظҪϷƵģεصͷ

֪Ŀţžͳҭҭؽˡ
۾΢̧°÷췢

Ůɫü塣ҹҲû˯ȣ¶ǳǳƬ죬ɰ׵δʩ֬ڸǣȴǹɫ㣬ǡ
΢ƣɫ˼ĳ̬֮

ɪվſڣŰƵĲԭҪ˵ڵĻ֪ôģȻ˵ˡ

ѾǿʼźױģȻû˴
ԼѾ߱⣬һվǰģأ֪еһѿ

˲֪ãʰˣѾǿʼװϰʳˡ
̲סˣĨ˰ᣬǹģǼҵĳ谮ְ취裡

ʳںˣʼӲţⷬûסķ˸ۡ
Ҳ㰮ôôɣһ˲Ϊ˵ɣ

ҹȻû˯ãϸ㲣ĵҷ˺ôƢ˰ɡ
ûϽĴ㣬ֻ˰֣ҷɧĻھ뿪

ںˣ˶Һ㡣
Ųֻ˸һѶȥصͷ

ƺһ۶мЦһװģˣҷĴе޸Ԫۣ
˻һһ⡣

ѾԺ᷿žʹţֻһ硣ſһȦ˵仰߶
Ѿ˼ʾ壬Ȼˣüһذ׵ָ˷٣ͻȻӳȥ

컹˵ʲôæ÷ס졣
Ĵ涼Ԫ

ߵˣһ𣬿˵ʲô
ģСһ±ŵɷףֱȥר

ű죬ƴʱѿĿܡ
Ѿ˵һЩ治ĻˣæˣӶ죬鷳ӵԺ

Űһӣŵشȣط紵ϣɰѾûˡ
ЩҪѷŵķ軰棬һǿ䣬ǲҲˡ
ǿ˸ӣһֱԺǰϧͤǱϢ𣿡

֪ſεòӶˣ˰ֻοûǱߵ˹˵ڿ·ˡ
ҪһȺ򵥵ˣؼʱܿǰʽ˭ʤ˭治һ

ȻóڰοԼһŵı飬ϧŷĵȥſˡ
ƿӭžͤķҲһ˿Ρ

㷲жȹһ졣
Ϧɽ棬顣

ϧʲô쳣𣿡
ϧūһֱţʲô쳣

ԽϸСԺϸŲˣѾѾܽˡ
ģϵûһʧˡҲҲûܽ
ĵſڿһһۣûˡ

һ˱

ϣͱһֲ֪ӺζĽţͺϾҪʲôõˡؿƵģǸ֧ξǺȻǰ
ۿɫˣסԼģԼԤС
ҹҪ뿪

໰ҲڹѴԼĸ֡
ǵĹǷǳ򵥵ģһ֯һЩԲ·ɵġؼĹ߾;һֻһЩСС͢ɸȥʱܰһѶˡ
ӾǾҷһ춼ûϢ²ڳˣ࿴ƶ
ЩŪƣ޹ǲңҲŵ

һʱһ࣬ʱ䣬ʱߡ
ʱѾǶ˯ˣԴӴݶǻʱԺӵϡ
ԺӽĶ࣬Ҳر

ŵʱ򣬶һӷʢʳ˿ûθڣҶе⣬װƽš
ΪЩѾߵİȫ¶һ˿þ˼һʤˣпܻŻӰˣҪϢˡ

ҹһѾǣϿٽʱʱϨ˯ģ
ڴϣĶﶼĺˮˡ
µĲһҲûãϾ·ҲȱЩ
ԺµѾ߲֪ô죬ֳδĺҲˡ

ţȻ˽Ųһڻ࡭ԣϴλŹ˲ʱ
͵۾ͻȻһУˣ

ͻȻ
ˣȥ£
ˣŭڶ

ܿ͵ƻͨҲһ˲䣬Ȼļƻ֮⡣ԥҪҪſʱͻȻһصĽŲԺӣԺмͣͣؿʼӽӡ

һͻͣǰ

ڴϣؿˣ΢΢ͷܿһƵӰͨԺĵͶϣ˵һԴԲ

ַֻ࣬߬ȭͷطŲ




11.     ץס

űӵԺԾܴ裬ҲˣֻԼԺӡ

ӾͰһѾ˶ϳȥˣֻһִĸˡѾ߿˿Ǹˣɵȥˡ
ԴӶ˾ǣ־ͻȻð˳һ³εˡ

߹ˣһ˽˳ֵĻ޵ҵÿడ֪ǸZôû𣡡
䴩ֵ·ȴʮҲȰذѷ§ﶼ֪Ҳ㡣

Ƕ۸ң

ֻſޣıֻվڸߴܲ۸ˡ
ޣʲôӦ

ӣߵĺܣ϶ҡ
ЦЦˣҲ޸ӣֻĨӣأ
ϵӣ˭أ

һ¾ͻṈ̀ϵԪۣлЩܣ˵Ǵӵ𣿡
ﲻãϻʮִȰȻԼ޸õˣ㻹ԥʲôﶼΪá

һ¾ͱ˵ˣֻǶõġ
ְ§ڻȻǶõġ

ҹ䣬Ҳŷһ˯ͽʱһ¾;ˣԱߵķţȥԺһȫġ

ԺͱƳȥˣĵ⽣Ӱʮֻ֣̿һҵģ
Ŀⰵң
һ¾ͱסˣ컹Ҫ˵ЩʲôѾƳȥˡ

ô죿
ЦЦԼȥҸطȻҪƽϢˣ㡣

ҹɫӼѾߵһҧ˽ȥ

ǸӰͣһᣬƺûˣ뿪ˡ
˿̱ڴϣɰ׵СΪŷһΡ
ˣڶˣһܴסˡڻ￴ڣԸ

֪ô󵨣סıԺҴ
ȷǷȫѾûжã˫ӵûкúչǡ

ҧҧȴӴˣȥңͿſ

涼˵ĲҽеƤëȻ̿֡
ʱһҵĽŲԺӣǸŴӵӭײˡ

ĿһǼѾߵʱܡ
žһϤļһ㶡

űµֽҶصؿˣȾңѽ
ٵҲһ˲ľ㵡ʱˣûЩʲô

ֺȳ棬ⱲӶûôߴӣɵһֽҵţؿ޽С
üҡҡͷ޵淳˵Ż͵ػ˻Ĵ󴸡

ǱԴĴӣֹ

ڴϣĤ죬£Լ侲
ڳȥԴ򲻹Ǹˡһȶãٳȥȱһ
ţ˴ϡ

ŷŴ㣬֪һǾȲġ

ʱԺֽһŵˣûһɾĳԵøߴͦΡƹҫ£ֻܿϵߡ

˼˸ͣӵŮˣ̧ۿ壬üأ
ôɦɦͷ󣬴ûˡ

˿ˡǿһ£ҳǰǲ˵˿
룬ͷǵģ֪Ҵˡ

֪Ĭһᣬȴϰɣȥ˵
ԭ˵ķͻȻ˷ƵĴķ㣡㣡֪棡Ⱦң㣡

֪뿪ĽŲһ٣̧ĿתǸһֱŵķ䡣

Ѿ˲ϹַˣӲάڴߵƣоһĿԼͷɨһ顣
ǸˣѾˡ

Ծȥ鿴֪õסˣ鷳߰ɡ

컹˵ʲô֪һСʯӷѨŵȥ
һĴŵϻðѪһһµӣȺҷȫˣǹʵ۶ˣ󳼴ˡ

¶ƤðȻɱúʹ졣

ԺѾѪͲҽиˣŮ̫Ǳܵö졣

֪ͷȻʵأҲ𣿡
󺺶һ²ŻشѾ߹ˡ

֪ײüûˡ
һֱŤŤͷԺƵ壬ԺǸˣȥҲץ

ЩǶܹˣھǰسǶУ֪Ҫ㵽ȥ
ĽҰⶼˣ͵ˣ֪˿Ժӡ

ѾȥŮӸ˴󺺣²ŴӾͽȥˡ

֪ǻԺ滹ûߣڴάһƶҲҶ
ǸŴӵȥַʱǾ㵵ģôͻȻֻˣ

ҹ˯ʱǲŵģЩһȴһ߿
Ŵ²ҪսһȴǸСŮӣûȤ

߽һѾŵۿͨ죬Ҫġ
ԭΪǸ͸ողСӣڼϴߵģת˸䣬סӣߡ

ŵȽŷǱߡ

岽Ӵ󣬰ѰԺͷʱѶҪˡ

֪üҪ·ˡ
ִŵģӦһŰɿ

ͷ
㶵̧ͷһӳ

˸£ԣƽץסˡ

׻




12.  Ǳ   ǹòƽѵá

ԭݻĹսʧȥԭеķɡ

Ԫ۳УıԺ
ɾˣһвǧ˵ҹϮ֮£ЩԭӦһʮʿһʱɾԪ۲ֻʶӡ
Ҳ˵ڻӵӰ٣ԺﱻʣµˣЩûսĸ档
֪ȻɱЩµĸǣԪЩ淢ЩǮ߱ȥɡ

Ŀǰľֻ߻ʱȫ
ովоǵ̽ĲѾϢռ˾ǣߴ󺵣ǵĽŲҲѾݣ뾩ǽĽų̣ϱԪķĴӪ
Ԫ۴ΨӣЩ޸֮ĸȻЩطȥ

źЩˣǾͿʼɨսƿţƱʳҩȫѹһա
֪һƥɫĴվڹǰĳϣǰʣЩϸĴʱʱƿ¶ĶͻȻЦһ

İռټٵĶﾹȻŵùʳ

ߣ֪ɱⷸˣⶼǺöҪ˻ȥġ
֪Ҳڸýʲô
ɫһ˲ãܡ
ת´ٽдͰӵɽӡ

˸ҾԲдˡ
ֽһܣ

޵ͷ˹ؼ๤
Ⱥ˶ǹӵˣʲô᲻÷Źøɸɾ
ֹ

ʱѾǵڶʱ΢΢¶ЩɫҲˣȺ˻ڰᣬȺûĶ

һ뱻ֽţһֻƳһۡ
ѱǸеҪǲ⣬޲Ҫ˯һǸһ顣
˿Ҳӷ϶͵͵ϧһҲûٿ

ֱʱ
һϹֻ۾ϸỴ̈ϱ߷ͷһˮ

ſ˿ü֪˭𣿸ֶдң
ϸ˰̷мСϣ۾š
˵һֻ۾ȻǱ˻һնţӣʮˡ

űһֱۣ
ϸؿڴʲôźܿŲ񣬿
òˣ߲òȡ֮ˣһʱҲֱֻù˳صͷ

˲֪ʱƿ񣬰ƣЦӷԸҸλЩʳǲãҾʹȥˡ

źͷŤһߣȻǲ׼ˡ
۾ллţʱ
⻰ƴǣôһ⣬ƣʵûʲôθڡ

⸾ЦЦȸոʱЩԲҲû£ȵկӣЩĳʳ
ǰˮ£ͷȥˡ

ֻӼķ϶⿴
Ǿ룬м令ųһսʡ
Щ˵ʵԶȰĻҪǿɹƣǰһ˫۾ܴĵطЩǿ׳Ĵ󺺣Ŵý
ǸŮҲ֪ϡȱԴЩˣȻһһƥ
㶵ζӳ£˲Сĳ

ھǰȹʮ꣬һֱΪԪǿ׳ѵõ̫ƽʢôͱһȺ֪ˣ׾ٴôǱ

ö벻ͨɴ࿿ڱĿ
żȻ˯ȥЦҪ˵ʲôסһˮͷϣ۾һһ졣
ƯǺĲ͡

һᶼƵᣬ˾ûʲôƢĹ㣬źĮɫͷĲˮ죬һҲû˵
ѲԼϣ¿˻ȥ

ǰôŵΪûƢˡ

ǸͷȥǰͷһʱӪ
վǰϸؿһͼ
ȥƿӽȥˡ

˰ͷŵطϣӿɱ۾
һţӲãضűǡ
Ҳ֣ͲСˣǼ米ֱͦղеĺȫͬЦ񲻿ɷϡ

Σֻվһԡ
ְװͷƣˡū澶ȥǸ

üȥʲô
ָ˺ˮҲˣѵҲϲġ

ˡްͼչƽЩ˳Щ°ˡ
һ˳ԺԺȻᱻ˹ˣһòŮǿ

ЦŵͷĻ
ȴ˴룬λʶ;˵ǰܹЩͬġ
ǹòƽѵõǹҲʾѣһ䡣





13.  С   ˺дš

ᵽ˳ʱʮųɳһӡ

ŰǵģǸݺ׳ʵӡ
ȳûʱĬڳǰʱʱüϵëһԲŵ㿴صζ

ŵӺ
ӵü˳۲ҿֻĬҡͷĺ«
̾˿ֻðֵڳˡ

һҹû˯ƣĲ塣
ȣôã޽ǱߵķʪˣҲʪָɣʪ
ᰲڳϣţȻˡ

⼸һһֻСһ紵˳򣬻ûһˡ
һǰǾĹ㣬ӵϯϳõĶĸ衣һҹ֮䣬Ⱥ˾Ԫ۴úм֮
Ҳ˱˵Ľ

ԺӦöȫΪǴ򶷵ĺۼѪյĵطȴ٣ЩԪʿûоģ˵Ǻ١
Ժ󣬲֪úЦ
ЩʿڶƽϲҲʮַܣֱ˴

Ҳ֪˶ǲǰȫˣܵȥˣҹңŵĹûС
ôҲҪȫ

ȥĵ飬εġ
վӲһá

Ǵˣһ׮һ׮ʼˣҲ˵ؾǼٵġ
ûʲôŮ֮飬֮ٻЩģﲻǲܵġ
ʲôûкúûҪӷ϶￴⣬Ӳ͵취Ծȡ

·ƽȵʻţ඼ŷͽɫ࣬ǰ㲻Щĸо

ϣԼץʵԩΪǸСɽһ˵ԾͱץˣʲôûҲЩͽȥַץסˡ
벻ףΪʲô˿أѲȺ˻ʲô˲õﲻɣ

ҹҲǸСɽƵ˵δʲô쳣Ǹ㶵Ĵ󺺣Ҳġ
Ǹߵӣָ߬߬°׵ϴãûа취ȥ⡣

ȸר͹˵Ľӣúܲ·ֶǹٵһ·ҡҡλΣԺȻҲ˯ˡ

ûһѹŲĳΪ߹ٵ·ⲻ˿İԴڳϣ˯þ
ϵԭ򣬰˯ԲûǸˡ

ͼɫѾѾߵһûĵط
ڽ۾֪˯ڸʲô

ӣŴİľɫһƬ御ͷ֣ǰ󶼿ͷ˼һܵĿԣּܡ
Ⱥ˽һ죬רС·ߣطҲǼΪƫƧټɫҪһŮӣûҰľ飬Ҳʶ·߲ӡ

ʱϢ˼ֱ̧̧ۣһ±˺ܾõ˫ۡ
ֶֻһִֵһѾЩѪˣŶ˶Ѿоˡ
ǰ̫ˣտʼĥźۣѾľˡ

ֲ֪˶ãҲ˹
ٶҲּͣһƬյϡ

ϵҲѰ˸ľͷһɾĵطʼ¼ǴãǱȴԪľӸӡ
һƮ˷㣬ֻǼ򵥵ЩֲڵĲʽȴ̿ˮ
һһҹˣûʲôѾСؽˡ

ֵһᣬӱƿǸϹֻ۾ϸˣ˸̣࣬мˬСˡ
װƽƽЩƱߵİ״ȴİ̿ˮ

ϸ˿̷СϣЦ۳Ͷ٣ֻЩ򵥲ɫλĪҪ
˵ţ氢ͷŽϵӡ

˻Щ˼ллš
ϸ˰ӳ־ͺá
ɣȻˡ

ĥˣӻóһСҩҩ
ɫĸҩ˿ڴ˴һ˺ܶࡣ
ĬһᣬԼ󣬡ֿɷǽö˵˵飬ǲ޳ײ֮⣬ҹҲֻǻԵɺϣ뿪һøɸɾ
ҲԴȵؿ֡

ЦЦѾϺҩˣҩʵǲڴֻϢʱҹﻹҪ·λɱš
˵꣬ƿȥˡ
ſǸ⣬ֻ˵ͷѡ

ֻԣ˵Ҳ̫ʧŵһζеһϡ
û룬ʼרӡ
źȻһţСһȺɽҰ򣡻ʲôӣ߯𣡡

СϵĳʳҲһ𣬰һ٣̧ͷض
Ŷһͣû˵

ʳλϳ꣬ûٰסǵ֡
ҹɫƽȵǰʻ



֮ıԺԺƻͨڴߵСϣ޳ָŪϱ˿ʣµһֻСΡ

һɤ뷢̫ƿţӵ£Ժŵĵط⣬ı飬һӰҲûУмûˮ񣬶ѾץסˣӿҪǽʻ

Сβ˲ϵºͣûҪȥɡ
ȥһ顣пŴ⣬СΣⴰ߿ӡ

Сܵȥأ˺д˿

ֻ̫£Щүһ顣
ûߵԺͷһ˱ѹ͵ǰȥӣ⸾֪䡣

̫һϲؽԺӡ




14.     һֺ֡

ָһҹҹ·ֱڶ峿ӲһƧɽׯǰͣ¡

ɽׯһɽ£̣ǸΪƫƧĵط

ִһ㣬Ǹ˽·̣·Ϣʱ䲻һһηǰʱǶѾ˾ǵĵؽ磬ԪͼƲӦݻݡ
ģܹ鶼û

ЩǿʼжͷűǸִׯȥ
ׯӴĳ˰󣬾ӾܱߵĵؽҲ󣬳ׯӶСɾ£ֻͼҰȤѵüôֿׯӡ

һ·Լ²ݣͷĴҿֿʲôÿĶ
ֵ̬ȴʮ̹Ȼ˽ǺϵպۣǼֱдĿˡ

ׯӲ󣬶ҲȫأٸŮͯϷ˶еĻģҲɿȺڲƺȼΪ
һר֯ԺӣҪ󲻾ϸׯȫԸ㡣

ֽ쵽һªԺЦλסˣλׯ߶мǲҪȥ

˵ͷӦ£һ·ʲô˳ģԼԾ˿ͷѵõĹ˳
ԹԵȥˣæؽһһ᷿᷿ǼªֻһľһŲݴ֪ڲǺֵʱ򣬾ȻҲˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱǡӣۿͻȻˣСܹ

۵ﲻûн٣ҲһΪû˵ڡ
ӾһŮˣŷţƾǾ
ѾˣǺ棬ôôϲģǺ󵽣ͬϤ𣿡

Ų֪Ϊʲô⣬ûӣϤȻûнϤġ

һ֪ԼʲĶˣҲתȥԼķ䡣
һվԺĬĬؿãʵڲˣųҭҭؽ˷䣬Źص졣

糿߶ǣϣһʱ֪ʲô
ڶûŪףԼΪʲôᱻץ

ѵΪһȡǮƣΪʲôֻӶأ
ΪǮƣǿһɰǱƣӦĻš
Ÿ׺ĸ׻˾Ͷһ·ϸһ룬Ҳûпܡ븮ȣ㲻ʲô
мһʲô飬˶ʧˡ
뵽⣬ššüʱѹͷ

ȷǶ˲ܣûС
ȹӳţûԡˣҲûţʵܵûš
һʱ벻İ취͵Լ㡣

Ժ߾Ƭڱֵأ䲻иͯЩ͵ˡ
վߣȻֻһ򵥵ȹǷѩ˻㱼ΪԼɡ

һСӵСﻹ߬Ѳݣӵؿǹ𣿡
Цҡҡͷʲô֣

СﱻЦСҽԲ椡
Բ֪ȡЩʳ𣿡˵˵ĺǱϾǸӣҲǨŭ

ԲһᣬָָׯмԺӣóԵҪȥ֡
ͷлл
ԲŤŤܿˡ

ׯмȥԽм䣬ԺӾԽϡ٣ǽþϸЩǸͷͷס
ûмǸ˸ǽԺӣͱ

к£ҵȿԴΪͨ
̬ƽͣ֡

һۣһͷȥͨԵȡ
Ժߵȡ

ûһᣬ־ͳˣѰԺ죬ǣ
ֻõְǽö뵽ҲҪܹǵĳʳѽ

ԴЦˣɣأﲻһͬЩ
ͬʳһ㶣ʶܾҲأֱЩ򵥡
û˵꣬ѾˣֲܾҴƾܣӲ̫õ֡

εرڼ䣬Ǹ;йƲ̫һԺӣҲЩߣԽżͼһŴĺľӣϱ߰Щ򵥵ĳʳ
ʳˣһԭƾܵСЩ

һŵɫ۵ӣʵ޳ָסһ˫ӣϴһߡ
ﲻ֪ΪΣݺݵһ
Ǹӡ

̧ͷͼ㶵°׵ϴŹ˵ãȻ
ʶ¿һ飬ſ֣Щã֣ˡ
ϸŰĳʳûð쵽ǰ

Цеūȥ췣ȥׯæţūʱʳҪҹ䡣
һ·ɫҲЩŵıˣһС

޳Ĭһᣬϲ֪ʲô飬𣿡

վԣӦһ֪˵ԼĪеһִ٣
ףɡ

æ޶£͵Լңĳԡ
ﱻ˫ӣֻеվһԸвˣ˿źŸеֿ֣Ŷ䵭ˣܾﲻ̫Ծ

ּ˸ԸģЦԣɱֻĸһ죬̲ʱūȥ˵վˡ

Ȼ̧ͷʱֻʣ¶Զʳ
˰봹۾רԼķֻԼǰһˣӾһ¡

˳̧۴ˣ˴һסϰߣ¶ͺӲڼªһһȴһ˵ĹֻЩõϼ
ӦǸܲ˵ˣһҲˡ

հܵĽͬһİͬʳһԻû㻤ǻ˳Цаġ
ѾǱץˣѾˣһ㡣
еЩ;Լʲôν

ú𣿡ҲϹӣһֱ͵͵Ȼиоġ

֪ѾԼڿˣԥŵͷſˣʵûôԷ
ԡ޷¿ӣҿԡ
ڱԺʱͼˣС벻⣬Ҳųһ롣

ĿһɨʶͷԷˡ
μܾļ˵ҲϤҲϤ

޿ԷŮ̬ãһһĵģĿ
һֵֺĸо

˵ͷϵߣ۾ٿ

ֱ˿ӣ˲۾Ժˣ

ͷ˿Լ˵һ˿ڡ

ޡ޿аɡ
ԼĻ̽󵱼ҵģ

޶˶٣Цԡ

ԥ֪ҽöǺ⣬ΪǮƣھͿȥǵĸĸһḶģܷСŮӹңбл
ϾҲ⡣
˵ЩƵޡ

Ԫӣҳһţڲ֪˭ңŰȥ˼һڲڶһ
Ǹ޿˿⣬ͣżˣ㲻ܺҽ

ɫ뿪ˡ
޿˻ıӰתȥ˺á

һҹĴӣͻȻһͰˮѣ۾ͼǸˡ
δ˭






15.  ί   ԣ֪ΪҲЦ

峿ĸߴ󣬿׳ʵʵӣֱãһĴ
ûʲôĶӲ˾ӡ

Ӽһ˼ģﲻɰһŮ߹Ʒòˣ˷Żʲôûеˡ

޿һۣĿ˸֪һûʲôûҲ⣬һԵ̴ӵϸЩչˣŪˡ
ɫӲ֣̿Ѿץôˣôû
Ҫ

޽Ժȥ鷿ų۵ıʿѾϺˡ
󣬼ΧһŸ߽ͼ

̽ǹʵŵܵݣϳϢԪĲ£˷ǳҡ

ֻһϮûôͰԪų
޲ɰ˰ߵߣ鷿ʼȡߣ¶һüĿӢͦӡ

˳ϵĶǸŻƵİߣɶһȣ棬״ѵӿҪҩ
˶ԼŷԼŵˣһԣ

˶һۣ
ųϢ˵ԪϮصǧϻؾǻݣһڳ⡣
ԪǰŻ˼Ҷϱһȥɲƨܵˡ

˵⣬治ɸЦһ̴úãǹʵ۶뻹Ϊ˵ĵ
ԣ֪ΪҲЦҲ𣿡

ԹЦֻڿЦ



Ժ󣬰̴ֱºϵţգգ۾Щܡ
˹߻ɫһ˫۾ЦЦԼʲô˵ˡ

û̴ӵĻԼԺӣһ˻ȥ
ԺտյģŵķҲûжˣڴǰ͵أġ
˰°Ҳ˵ΪʲôҲ븮ҪѲɾΪպͷǰϷˣһ

˻Ὺʼ﷭ôҲ̫ѰˣҪЩʲôĴʱҲǺõġ˵ĵؽ磬ٳȥ¶ٳȥ¶档

ֻиŻҵСӣϸϸطһȷʲôûУƵˡ

л㱵ڴǰûһС˯ˣֱСߴҲרŶģ˯һᱳۡ
и׵ױ̨ױ̨ǰԼԼ·ңͷҲģֱ˴һ
ڼʱȻȱٳػɳҲūͻƣûôǱʱ

ҪЩˮ˵ԡһΣϴϴҲǺõѽӼʵ̫ʧ
һҲδԺǰ߹һΣԥһᣬҲûмǸԺȥ

ڵʱȻһOO@@һ㶣̶ŵסġ
Դ֪ԼȥԺ󣬰ЩľԱЩ˿ģ˭֪ʲô

㵽󣬾ͼСһԴ
ǸŴӵĴ󺺡

޹ģ֪Լʲôѵ
Сڵϣ

ⴲȻªҲǸʵʵĸ߽ŴȥСһš
ʱûˣȻͣˣĶ뿪𣿡

ôţһǸ󺺷ˡ

ᶼҪųˣ컯֮£Ҫʲô

ŲֻתһȦƺûˣͣһᣬ֪ڸʲô
˿Ӷ

Ȼһһֻ־˳ȥ
һ¾ͼг۾Ĵ˰˰

ŮôöҲᶯټǳ³һһкѾɵˣռҲĵ˵ϡ

۾˰죬ƴԱԭס׵Ҳɿˣ˳ǽǣصؿ
ôɾģϾǸѣ˶Ʒ

أߺȻһ޵ñġ
һ㵣˲ᣬźͮͮ۾ŵϿֻǸӹڵϣҲžžવᡣ
ӿźͷԵģʵúܿôίίؿţȰίġ

㶵ؿһʱԼǿˣβųɵʵ㡭ôˣ
ôСһ

³Ĩ˰ᣬָŵϵռռˡ
ŵռգգ۾һʱȻ֪˵ʲô

ռҿ˿ʹѾⲻܳˣӡ

Σ㵵ʵոҷʲô
档ίռ

˼ͬѼ죬ǿᡣ
´ŭǰӣСΪʲô㲻һķ棬Ϲء

岻ʲôأָռһ
ռһ£ɰռŪһ£ܵûԷĿڶۣðһֻռ
һֻԡ

ʲôռҲռֻúȻΣ˸һȭܴһô˵̼
ͷǲֱǸϸɰĺˣǷǳᶨԭ򣬾Ҫһֻռ
˵ˣ˷ʳ

˰˵ͨεذͷһΣϰֻռˣвУ
嶢ſ˻ᣬԼⷿ˺ܶĶҲˣҲҪҾҪռ

û˵ͨոֹסˣҲʲôռҲǹҪŪģΪʲôôԸŹء
˼˳̬ɴӸס۾ڵϿ

۾δε䣬Ҳ޲촽Сжſࡣ
СһڵϣίͰ͵صᣬ޴룬ˣ׼ޣ

˵ֻϥĬĬᡣ
Χ˰ȦӣҪһ˫ֻư춼֣ﻹյôأ
ôأ

޵ʵڿ忴ҲģͷԥҪ˰ɣҲҪռˡ
ŮǿޣӶʪˡ

ѾΪռˣھǿƲסԼ
⼸쾭̫ˣ֪ԼᱻһԺ͸ܣϾǿͷҲ߶ʮˡ
Ī׷Ҫռֹֹס

Լʵں岻ãһҪιȥӣһԴ⣬мԺܣŻŴеܣܣ
Ⱦ




16.  ÷   ޾ִԼԺӡ

絽ˣ鷿֡
ȾһЩǵ̫ҵʱⲻ˻Щȡ

ް䣬ֱ۵ƯסϺʸддŵʱſڵסֻÿһˡ

ܣҪˣյӸǰûȾͼ
޲Ӣޱ飬ôţôˣ

ûҪȥ˼תȦ̾Ϊż
ޱƷˣѱʷ£ģȳȥţ˵ġ

˸󣬸Ӽ׸ߣؿţҲӡ
ߵԺ棬æҲһ𣬼ȥŹϣȭͷŴ졣Ŀõսľӣ
ﴫһ̲ġ׼Ժæţ˽ȥ

𻭱дһԿ˰죬һҲʶԼͷۻҲˣСˣȥȾ
˭޻Ϊֺøʿ˼ܣ˼ҴˣûĶ֣ø򣬽ʲôã

尧ǸҵռˣԼ޸ͣ
ҿܲ޿ġ

϶һ٣òײĸ
ûд򡭡ı޺ڳԽ˵Խ󺬺Ǹ޵ġ

ְѱʷ£ȥʲô
档廹Щߣÿ϶ܿһ˿Ρ
ЦһԪ𣿡һϲ뽹ϣׯӴ档

廹ҡͷÿԸ档
ЩӵһȢǿ޿Һ¡

޹˹֪뵽ʲô˼δģ÷ġ
֪÷ʲô˼𣿡

ҡͷ޾Ͳ˵ˣֻϵĲ

˰Σ޲ŵȥ
ҪҲҽãͰӵɽιӡ

ŵɫɷףּ޴ߣֻһǽߣҰһ¡



ߺ󣬰ǽǿ޵ģֻԼǰڼʱȻĸͬ׽ǺôмһͬѾߣʳסҲȱʱʱܳŷѣδѰ
˭֪һת۵Ĺͳ˷²ﲻ֪ҪáĻȥˣҲˣԪۻҪǿȢȷöƶԪ۾Ҫĥ

Ҹӳᣬ˭֪϶һƬ½ǶûУֻȹڲ˲ȹҲǻҳԽԽġ
ʱͻȻֱƿˣ̧ͷһǷСˡ

üϻӣؿʲô
żڵϣҲãһʱȷеĲ룬ҿղ˭㷿ˡ
һ˸ﲻ֪ʲôеķŭѹǣԱһСʯ˳ȥ

ʵʯͷҵĲԶҪʵʵվŲҵϣŲ·ǰܣһֱֱˤʯͷϣʹһ
çǺ㣬㻹Ҷ֣۵İŵ
һǲ̫ͬƽϵģźȻôһңζﰵޣȻƽƵģװģ

ץһʯͷӶؿ޵÷Сޱ飬űñ飬ĻҲ˵ˡ
ʯͷžͽŲǵܣԼӰѷŽգԼҲˡ

Ҫʰˡʯͷһԣȴˡոյȷʵç죬û˵ļҹŮʯͷ˵ġ˼죬ͳ

СʱܰޣûиĸߣҲ岻ͰϷ˵ٰá
Ϸϲ徲ϲһֱֵСտʼӺһ壬岻þд֡
ССˣվվȣ͵ùС֡ӲҪǮֽ˼䣬׼㣬һСддΪֹ

԰Ժ󣬺ٻޣ⼸첻֪ôˣܾÿƲסԼ۾װˮһ
źȻֱƿˣӣΪǷȥַ̧ͷŭĿӡ

վǰûȥѰɨһۣЦôˣ
۾޵ӣίͰ͵ġ

ˣŲˡ
ոտ޳ѾǼˣǰ
󵱼ҵĲģҺõúܡģ͸ŹӲͲѲҪдˡ

ƽƽ˵ˡ

̽ͷ̽Եģ̽ȥ޲ͷһۣŲӲǰߡ
Ҫ⿴˼ȥ𣿡ģźӵèһͷ
˲ˡ

ﻹǱˣ岻£ð˹ʲô󣬶޴ߣı顣
ôԼʲôҪֻϸϸл󵱼ҵģҲʲôȱġ
ʵȱˣȱɾѣȱʱĻȱԡĵط

޿ķǣĬһҲûʣֻ˾ͺá

վ⿴׾ϺһһǽֻСè
ò˼ˣ֪ԼӦúܲãһпˣɵ˵ͷ

СŮҲ޺ˣҲ޺ˣ촽Ҳҧˮ졣
޿Σͷ˵֪Ϊεأ𣿡

ŴȺСصͷȷʵǶˣոռ˵ֻռжЩģֲͳʳҲ˼ȥ

޾ִԼԺӡ



һְͷŲ˵ģǷZ

ҹʱͻȻԺƶ˴룬ŵвڴ˯ġǾͻȻðģԼٶռ˱ԺļڸڡЩ˸ǿ׳ֳ䲻⣬ˡ

ǵķӦԪۻ죬Ѹٵ£˸ԪסĹ£
Zʱòˣǲ߲һҹ˷״֪ײ˷Ϯ

ԺĵһʱͷӦ˹ʱԺſڵѾܹˣļұҲ֪ȥġ
ûȥҰһĹܡֻȥүԺЩȱþҪȥõķZ
һͬȥ˷ŵԺӣ˶ܵòˣֻһСѾ߲ΡΡ˵ȥ˴Ժӡ
˾ʹҴȥԺӡ
˭֪ԺȴһҲûˣ

ԭӦŰ֪Ҳ֪ȥ

Ϣϵʹȥˡ
ɫڳһ˼ңʹżҾԪһˡ
һ˻͵˰ȫĵطZ˶飬رԺѰͷŵ䡣

Zһ·ӱޣӵײһ
һް̫סЦе빫Ī֣롣




17.     һֲزסĲúռС

Z˱Ժһׯʱһ¶Сͤ
סZ̫üĿеذͤϡ
ͤΧĻ߻Ỵ̈һĲо֡

Zȥʱι㣬һԻиų۵ӣ˵Щʲô
̫ӣرˡZԪǰľǸƷرĹְ

ǸͣZ˸񣬾ʹһˡZȽıӰüܾƵġ
ûϸʱ䣬ЦZ֡
ĸߴƷò֮дƣǸɶõɹӡ

Zعصس˰дȴûôִ֪磬¹Ӱ
ֹ̧̧֣Ķ棬Цɡ

Zԥһᣬˡ
ֽ̫ؾ͸˲裬ZȵĲ豭һʱ֪ôڡ

˵ҲΣȻ£Ƿھǣҳ˹飬൹޽ؿڣѾ˾ǣҸԪ۲ֻʶӣҵĹϵʵ΢
֮ǰͲ²ܻӣǲ֪ʲô̬ȡԪžǣǡ
ZóȻ¶ۣҲмִ̽˼

ӣĸ˸ĸڲ˵ýȥãھϷ˺ϣ˴ı䶯޸֮ĹˣϻУÿһġ
ZżǶݡ

ZŲ˵˿ڲ裬ûб顣ɫ̧̧֣һԵ̫Ϣż뿪ˣֻͤʣԶ
Zз²豭ĿºͣʵЩð

˶˵Ϊͣʲôʱ崺磬Zȴô롣
ȻӵСӣҲûʲôֻ˽ЩĺķԷȫţҪǸƵĳӣҲ˶˾λá
ڣںʵǿа뵽缫ΪԵ

ZȻϣӶˡ

ЦЦԹԵ˵ӰһҪ鷳Zˡ
˵鷳뽲ZҲ벻кҪ鷳ġǿʢռ˾ǣ˵ͨ죬Ԫ۶ǶҪ֣кҪ鷳飿

Ժ飬ȻǷĲпûôȦӣֻһ죬ԺұˣҲСӡ

Zһʧٵ飬ģô֪ġ
·϶౸˸ӣѾճڽϷ̣±˿ˡ
δŮ޹ʧ٣⣬˭סͬӵĻԼһ£СӵҪġ
Zһ亹Ŭ򶨵лģֻǰڸĸߣѾˡ

Цҡҡͷ̬ȻǺºͣȴĪ͸һ֣ǰҪһͷĸоZֲҪǣӰûб˼֪ĶѾ֪ˡ
ӰҪû´ĻZֳҲΪҰɣ

ZʶҪ⣬ȴֹ˶ޱ飬ԭߵЦҲʧˣɲ
°ˡ

Zûעɫܣֻ˵ʧ˶°˺

˶ơпĳƵĲԳһӲС⡣
˵ƽһֲزסĲúռ

ZӲ˰죬ŵZлˣͻؼҳＯǮƣ콫ء

лͲˡи˸壬ֳͣǸµӣӰѾȥˣZְľǣֻҪ鷳Z֣ҵСӣҪҸ졣
ZܾҷҵŮôܡ

ȴٿֻЦЦ
ӰδŵӣҲҼҵŮ



ŻׯмԺӣȥ˲ˣԲԣϻʮǱ
ΧȦӣ޲÷ôãڴ߳Է

Ȼǲ̫ףԼô۸ˣȥǹԹԵſߵĴϣЦʢ˵㷹ˣ͵ǰ
룬һҲԵ㡣

ҲˣЩ˼Ƿһ㡣һԼʵʧǣⱲӵˣŴӣ̬Ҳȫޣһ̲סҰοʵͳҲû˿ˡ
߳ԣ߿Լҵȹڣܡ

նˣԷҲ㣬һ˫۾ûн㣬һ׷ȥģûô
棬ɨһϵĲˣûаԵĲ𣿡

һǺܼҳСˣʤˬڣûǰԸǰƽĿζġ
ҲøųԵҲûʲôҪǰԼûθڣ͸Բȥˡ

˴۾
ҡҡͷеġʵͦϲԵģЩǰûеŲ

޲Щ˼룬Ŵ壬ŵԺ󲻻ȥˡ
Ҳˣü˵ʲôϵİߣһ˫ɫûʲôؿǲ˵ˡ

⿴۰Ͱ͵ɵͷϸϸлл󵱼ҵġ
Ͽ飬ֻǹúóԷɡ

ڷ

˸ģǿſڴͷϣβίί˵һ䣬ҹɡûôÿСӣ˵˵

˭֪һ仰͸ͱƵģһ˲ˡ
Сſӣᣬһһε˳°Сͨ죬ܵòˡ
ſӵһ٣˼ؿ

尥һˣ±ץˡ
ԼҲˣôôޣŲͻȻת˸䣬Ԫˡܿ϶ģֻŷҲֵߡ

ԺʶȤص˸͸ˡ
ûͬСӴ򽻵ľ飬޵ģѿӷϣŮŸɾӡ

ԽԽܣһֻšһ۵ֹסΡΡؽӹӡ
޳Ĭſޣðβһ䣬ģʲô

˵ûôӲˣɰûԼ֪ΪʲôҪޣֻܳҭ󵱼ҵġʲôʱ򡭲ܷߡ
߬ӣᶼҪѷˡеġ졯ǶأһҲ㣬һҲ㡣

޼޵Сһַֹĸо˰Ŀڣվ
޳ָгӣ΢ӣӸס۾ò񻰣ʲôʱ߶ԡ

𣿡ӣС㲻𣿡
ЦЦżǣھͿԲǡ

һͬŮ˵ķʽ˵ס۾ſ飬ҲûҪ˼
ֻ֪ԼҲίҲ󵱼ҵĻ󵱼һʱߣһʱֲߣҲס
ģˣһ

޵ֽ˽סСʪ۾Լȴؿǲߣǲߡ
ҡҡͷ޸еԼһʪŮſǻ鶼̵ģҲס
ˮĴҧţŵһ껨
˿һ˲

޵ı黹Ҫ̣Լ֣ˣҸ㽲ס




18.     б壬ٵø߸ߵġ

֪˶ã˱ˣòˣֱͦ壬ϻָ˹ŮĴݡ
˹̵ĸϣ̫ˡΪ˰οҲ
۾˵ɫĵز˲Ժջ֡

Ѿʪòˣް߬һԣӴսġߴĲӰ˵ֵȻ

ۿͨ죬϶˹ɲʤ̬֮Ǳ۸һ㣬һӣŰؾЩ
Ůϻп޺ۣȻѾ侲ֵһ飬ĿԻؼ𣿡

ڰֱߣûֱӻش⣬뿪Ժ׼ȥģ

˺ֻһʣɰȴģסˡ
ûȥԺҪȥֻ֪Լˣ϶ͻˣڸŻȥĻ˵貹ץߵҲܱ
ڻȥһпܶᷢˣǸŵķҴӡ

Ҫȥ𣬰Ǳơ
Ŵ⣬һʱĬˡ

ΪǵԼ̧ӣҪطңȻа취ùﰲȻػȥ
Ȼ˵ˣа취ðǸоǰ͵͵ϵСӡ

ѭ򴽣ϲϲãһƬãȻѵҪȥ
ȥȥأ

ҲڻȥСһ˫۾ˮֶ飬޲ңѾԪˡ
üֻ¶ŵĲ󵱼ҵʲô˼

Ԫȥݣھǡ޵ɫĳ۱ճЩ΢⡣
ԭӦԶڱ߽ھǣûؾǵԪȴȥƫԶݡЩͬѰζ૵

ԥˣԭЩִطң֪ģ͸ȥˣ֪˵ھǻݡ
޿ĳɣߴֻƽظúÿǣ
˵üֱף˵ʲôܽȥﶼԡ

գգ۾ܾúļ
޲ûиʱϸ룬ֻ̧̧°ͣʾ֡

־ЦŷūȥϴһôƯСӣúộˡ
ԺߣٳԺʱ޵ڱ𣬡úϢ岻ȥŹġ
ͷ֪ΪΣʶͺ˵Ļ
лл󵱼ҵġ

ŮСᣬĿԺӡ

һԺӣ֪ΪΣЦӣԺȥǸסԺӣԺסͺãýҲЩ
ѲԺҪǸͷͷһ𣬰һŮҲ̫ϹأܾĻû˵ڣƺǣЦŽ͵СĪҪ룬ԺӳýЩҹʳҲ㣬ҲɾЩˮҲ㣬Ҫԡ

˲䱻תעԼȹӣͷϰֻҪͷָЩϴ
ȻҪƾܵģǲ֪뵽ʲôְӽֻ˵úð졣
ûзϣ£ɾ·Ͳˡ

ԺֻȸԺСһЩԼҲһЩóʱ˴ɨҲǳɾ
Ѿ̺˸ɾı죬ֽ̧ˮһ׸ɾ滻ѣӲòźʡ
ԡԺѾʱˣСԺ˷һֱźƾܲãַɵ˴ϣûܴ齵ʣͷ˯ˡ

Сҹ£ȼյСƣ˳ȥ
˸ԺӣںԺ轣

øһƯĹǼܣֻŻ˾ǸʳڿεĸŹӣ˽ÿһѪɷ
ּߣԥβŸȰӿҪҩ

ްѽʣְȥˣʵһԵϣЦЦˣǴŶѡ
üɢЩЦŰӿǸ֪ģūЩѣŸūл

ͨ͸ӨȷʵСͷϵģʶսһֽϸź򡣡
ֵͷȻǵġ
ֻׯҲûʲô͵ҪӡׯôҲûŮˣȻȥΡ
ڴؿָ˵Щʲô

ֻص˵ͷžͽ鷿ˣټĻǰ¡
վһԣרĿֻԼ̽ҲЩϣЩ飬ūòƷҲǾѣɳ歡
ؼһ򲻰˵ӣǷȴʮԣҪǱͷԣǶְֵؽ

Ƥûʲôؿӣﾲˡ
ΪԼ⣬аʱ޲˹ƯҲΪ˱˿ġ
£Ժ˵ֻˣá

ֵ֪£һʱЩסˣ˺һŵһԣҲǺİ컵ˡ

ɫ鷿ȼ𣬵оžһ£ĻΧһս
ǰЩӴԪһֲҲͷǵ鷳Ȼܲ
ĻͼϱȻţһ

վһԣҲӰҹ
ޱ¿ӣ֪ΪκȻ̧ͷԥһŻﲻǻмƥȥȱʲôѡ
˳ĽëͶһӰӢҲ˷ˡ

һϲȻӦˣؾȥ˿ⷿӣԭȴֻԼû֣⻨Ϊ˭ģ鲻Խȥһ

һĻĹƵĻ죬ûôһ顣
޼ڰϿӣ⼸ĻŴĿ⣬ȣ΢ɲü



˯˸ǰΡ

Сʱ򣬸϶үȥûãϷĵĲˣȥΣͱТʵϷ˲Ҫ
һӲŮ˰Լãʱʼŷ廳սɷͶӣϵﶼһԣҲ̫ܰ

ȷʱûȥǸºĸˣССһ˽˺ܾãչ˵ʮģʮֽʱ޾Ժɵġ
ŮĴȣҲСŮ޳Ŵӣۿӣ˳޵ҲŮ˾Ӹѧб塣

ʱСС꣬Ժߣٵø߸ߵĽժޱӵʱ岻ãֻܱԺӣһߵϿޣʱʱιڳʳԼõĹΡ
ʱ򣬶ǰҹ˯úٽѾӱŮ˵Ժӡ

ʱҲڱ߽겻ңͳûΡ
ȥˣֻܻ˷ҡɥ£˳Ȣһ
еʱѾӣ˰꣬ʵüĿ䶼͵Ժˡ

Ǿͺȥ




19.     ҶһЩԺ١

ξˣͷ϶߳麹Լģȷ˳ǣڸй䡣

ʵٻСʱˣȷȥԺϸûʺϵĳӦҪͻط븮
ȲԸ⣬֪ΪΣͬˡ

ص븮Ժ󣬷ûӦչ˵Ҳģһ鶼ˣҲ̫𵱳顣
ֻܻߵ죬бһһߵúȣһϣƺûоͷ

ѾǳʱˣĲְ˴ϣͲ֪ʲôˡ
ڷ븮ûڿΣͻῴߵ٣һ͹ȥˣûһ֪ʲôʱ

ֺܿˣˣ̧Ÿ˸ߵЦеؽԺӡ
ױ̨ǰЩڵؽ֡
Լȴ췢᷿ȻŮҵһӦȫҲ⶯˼ҵĶֻͷɢؼˣʵʧ

ֿѴӧūᷢɡ
ȻӦˣֿж㣬ַȴθһ㡣

һͷںĳ˳ڱˮһ˰ͷϣֶˡ
ͷáָ˸٣¶ŮƴգˮĿ˸ˣ־ִױ̨ϵСֻҪͷϴ
ƾܣֿɱͷͺˡ
ЦŸˣֻŰɣʲôֵǮ

ֲֻ֧ӴͷϡͷԭûʲôΣʵڲҲЩͻأŵ뿪ʱķŻȥҲǵġ
ǲ֪סʲôˣӦǸܳ谮СӣΪﲻǰׯɵԺӣһЩŮҵҲһӦȫСŮϲĻ

СʱϷ˲ҲܿЩԺǼЩġ
Ȼѹ滨ͣǼЩµҲɾãһǻ˺ܶ˼ġ

ָ˷ͽ˰̧˽
ź棬͵ʲô

ūҵġЦί˹Ըġ

ȰӦ־ƿӣ¶һžȵ
ھжʮѵãﲻһƥһ

ֻûĿʽׯնǲģʱ˵ʽҲѧ
ȻҡͷҲûʲôҪĳҪϯôôõӡ
ֿջȥɣһѾˡ

ִŵЦڳ׺Ϳˡ챻Ǹ˺ûͷԣûע⵽ǰһ̬ȡ
һȥʱ˵ԼǸˣܺȻ˵Էߡ
һ벻Ҫʲô

ȰҲȰֻýȥޣﲻԸ⣬ӵʱҪūģԼ˵
ȥԼЩԺˣΪԼǱ˰ˣ޵£Լһ㡣
Ҫѣѵ˶ƴ²

ȥ˸ڵԺӣŵ˵޲ڡ
ûϵֻûӵʣػԺӡ

Ҳûҵˣ˳ؾߴ磬һȺʽǸӣСԺŪ֡
ææµµģԼ˵ҲЩͷ
Ȱﲻعӣׯﲻ֪ûСˣһ쵽ģҲūʡ
˼Ǵģ˵ʲô

ֱҹŵʱ䣬޲Ƶؽׯӡ
ۿѶҪʼˣȵԶԶһſĸߴӰС·ϣͼҴҵȥ˸Ժӵ
ŵһۣҲ

ԺǰԺӣվԺһ˲Цôˣʲô
ҲںߣԼԼվԺ̾һؾƿˣ³ڰ߷Χ

طӸһԵˣߵߡ
ϴЩѪȻԶЩðżŮʶӡ
޾ֹס˽Ųǰ
һǴµģȴŵģҲͣһ

޼鸴ӣƺ˼ЩʲôҲվԺ

һᣬʵ󵱼ҵģΪʲôҪһׯӣ˳øߴһֻ־ܰ´ŭѡ˸ίĴʡ

޼һֹʱʱ͵͵Щ׹ˣ˵أ
գգ۾Լ飬󵱼㡭
úÿЦЦȻֻ¶°ҲܿǸΪӢӣָǸˡ
˵ƽֱףŹŷ·˵Լɫ⣬ڷý

ΪȨûⷽ룬˾Ǻɫѣ
һ˲両ƬΣա
ҲһЩӶ·ʾЩӣҪôǺҿҪôǿ󵨵ģҲֻǶ˵Ʒ¹ˡ

ûˣôֱ׵ظΪÿҰ°ˡ
ֱǣֱ硣ֶǶģֱӰŵ˵ġ

޵ͷƺҲΪܣɲ𣿡

ƽһ飬Ǵ󵱼ҵôִӦһȥˣ
ЦǿŤĹϲ𡣡

ǿɣζӳ£̧ͷˣƽ͵
󵱼ҵģԺˡҪǿһСӾͰ˼°ûСӻϲ°˱ǲԵġ
޺Ʊ˵ġ

ҲҪӵ飬Լ֪ԼʲôȻԺӣһڴߣһ£źȻӦ
ȥץʱǻû棬μɫأ
ֱˣ
յشͷŷӦ

ҹϻš

ݵ̽ԪѾǵ٣ݽǴΪѵͬͣһѵ
һĽˣҪ滮벻ֲܱ

ֶŵطߣҲѧˣ׷޽ˣӷС

ᣬԼˡ
պպīˮ¶ֱƯҹ𣿡

ֻصˣҲ˴롣
θڵͦáЦһ

úдŰɡ˵һ䣬޴˵
ֲ֪ΪЩɣӽзס˸ڵԺӣӵã

Ҳûʲôģ޵ͷ
ŻȻ򣬹ֲһϲֿƵģߣȻǣˣӾǰѷﵱá

ޱʼһ٣βǰ
ҶһЩԺټˡ

ֻ㱵صͷּޱ飬ȴַ·¶˼޵Ŀơ




20.     ܲڣҺ岻ġ

ڶǸѵõ죬ͷƶ䱳󣬷ǳˬ

һһŶ̴˺Ժ棬ţûҪȥġ
Ȼֱ޺һ⣬Ҳ׹ް°˵ĲҲΪʲôʱûŪǰ֪Լʱ뿪ˡ
Ѿ̫طˣ˼ֶֶŮûʲôðǵġ
Т˳ϷȻİ꣬ȱҲôϾŻȥġӣ͸ˣ˷ȥƾӵƷòһ׾ٵ顣

ԽԽܣ˻ڵ𸴣ֻʵһûã֪⸽û̴
ׯľãΧҲϤһЩŵׯӺͷɽɽǸСǰͷһЩǻǡ
ǣԼһʱҲ벻ˡ

ʰߺ󣬰˼ҲϵĲﻹڣԵҸȵĵط⻹úúÿһܾȥġ
˼ѣ־ᷢˡ

ֽղ֪ΪΣĴ飬ŰҲʮ͡˸Ưķ٣ྫɵͷϴ
ּ侫£ǲûʲôʮҲû
Ůһ򵥵ѣȴɹɫ㣬ȴִżʥַָоһ֮η׽

ҪҪׯϵһߣúֿŴ⣬ͷãҲȣ°ѹɹˡ
ʲôʲôͷ۵¶Щȥɽ֪ɲԡ
һ˫۾·ˮĿⴿƣͷֱȻûвʵġ

ɽЩɫȥҲáЦӲڣɽЩúϷŪˣҸŹǡ
ЩУ΢˼һѡֻЩԥ嵹Щ֪ԸԸɽ

ռǼ鰢ͲˣЩԲ壬⼸ҲˣСԸЩ˵ˣŪռء
ȻԸģ֪ڷ㡣

ͽ硣Цϴη飬ʲô¶ûУһʲô㡣
ȥɽȻܵñ˭졣

ʹȥ壬ûһˣ˰Щ˼
ЩǸضЦЦǰʧˣŵˡ

һŴֵС飬С顣
ֽҪˣɽ·ߣȥɽתתʱǰͺá
ҪʱزҲ˷ţɽϴֻҰζ÷ﳢҲǿԵġǿ˺ü飬˵ðˡ
ƵĹŮ·Щ̰ʳˣͬദ˼죬ͽ˵ϸ

÷ʤֽһԪˣ˲ͬĸߴǿ׳Ҳ࣬ϱ˴Ϻ͸ɾˮ
һɽȥ

ɽźܸߣͣͣ˰ɽȻҲû̫ۡ
ԪǸЩˣͬ˵ʱҲɽȻߣǺƽѰȥҲۡ

ɽϻЩҰӣԪָˣʹȥժɾ˲ӹŸ˰
棬Ƶıţڷ븮δЩҰʳһЦ¶СУͬлллܴ硣
Ԫڰֲ˵϶ĨѪɫ

ȼɽϵʱҲһʱ
ûһҪȥҰ
·͵ö࣬۵սսſôϢ

ԪҲ۵óЩ˿ͷķڲʱǷͰ಻ס壬ȥЩҰζ
ҰܳԵĶУܲסġ
ӰѾûˣҲ֪û

ϣɽһ߿ֻԶӰӰ´£ЩȷʵиӣֻǿŲˡ
϶֦ɹ÷ǳԪ͵ȡģһת۾ͼϿΪȥ档

Ԫѻ£Щް˴ԺҲû˵ǸʲôȻȥׯߡ
˼УҲûҪȥϡ

ϰն𣿡Ҳݲһ䡣
ԪһᣬǱȽġ󺵣ԪۻܵݣٹԱ˷ܵñ˭죬˲Ѿ˵ˡ
ƶǶصͷ

ûһֻҰãػˡ
Ԫû̫ȣôʹѾܲˡ󺵣ɽϵҰҰãϰץĲˣֻҰôҲǸ©֮㡣

ŵԪˮȥһ
Ҳᴦɽ¿ȻԼԼˣŸİŲصسɽ

æϣ²ӦɽµİˣҲɽϴԵġ
һΧһתƣʱʱһ£ҲûעⰢʲô

ͷĵؿߣҡҡλε̧ŸʲôۿŶߵɽϣŴɽµͼһףǰĶڵϹȦ¶档
һԣ˵
ȻǸˡ

˰ʬ⣬Ҳתߡ
ʬ屻ӵĺԶǰܿʬЩӲɫǶѾŵһŻʬζˡ

ԭأ춼ز޴ȥԺ죬ʵҲײˣЩʿᵹڵϣȥ˯ˣԶԶûн߼õʬĳ

ת˰죬Ҳ֪ڿʲôֱԪӻԺ󣬲ŷְһԣһܾСӡ
Ԫæ߹˳Űߣһ۾ͼǸѾʼʬ塣
Ԫʱһ⣬ѷųô˭


񣬼Ա˸ˣһ¾ӣһԵϣɤӣܴ磬⣬иˡ
ɫ԰ףһ˫ԲĴ۾Ͳˡ

ԪҲֻ黤һԡ
£Ǹ˰ˡԪ֪ΰοŵòᣬֻõǰŽˡ

һǵ˵ĳ࣬ǣǿȥ٣侲ЩеٵһҪˡ
ԪӷһԣĬһᣬûбҪ٣ӦǶİա

һ㶣ԼˣǶģ
Ԫǰհҵ̫ƽʢô˶
ԪһãҲ˵ʲôԴӹ·ݣش󺵣ʳգͣ͢˰Щȥ

Ӻ֪ͨ˸ĵİգʬ岻ҪⶪߣЩҲû취ˡԪ˿ʬ壬ȷǶġ
ׯҲܱ߷ЩʳǱˮнܾȵ˺١

ĬˣԪҲû˵ʲôŶ˻˸طóϿʼӡ
ûһͿˣԪ۵ȸ
ɾôһ⣬һԵӣֱʡ˷Ѹǲãֻɬسȥ

һǣʱʱ
ǿôˣһֱֹ
̾˿ȥɱްɫɷףһŹȿͰ͵ģ׼ʲôʱҪˡ
Ⱦ;ŷ̰棬ðˡ
ЦЦؿӣɴ˸

ЦˣһЩĺˣҲ޵ġ

䣬һֻë䣬Űնڵϣһ˫Ե۾ŰһһӰΣ৵⣬һľֻϡ
Ԫšü̧ͷȥһֻİ˸ߵĺӣϣھͿȣͷϿ˿žͶضŰ¶һԻĽթЦݡ
ԪӱȡֻɽＫΪթû˶ƲסҪС£ţͻȻ㶵˵һ䡣
ҵš

ԪתһֻĿͣӣۿؾͺˡ

ޡ˿ڿˮܲڣҺ岻ġ




21.     Ů·һҪˡ

ѲĺܣֻСȣɽϵĶﲻ֪˶٣ëȴܰԼ͹ˮûһЩ֮١
͸һȻҲ۸ŵذѰ󣬳Ǻ£Сƣŵġ

СƲ֪ǲͨԣȻʹ۾Ҫˡŵͣ˺۾
ԪæõӱԴ졣

ҰֻϲЩ⣬Ҳֻڷֻè˾ÿɰСرڻ
ӲòªΪ׶񣬲֪ΪˣعԺŵֱӣձú˵ģĲ˵

Ԫ彫󣬺õҲĴ󴸣
ûһᣬӾˣضŰ

Ԫ̽ԵɽµķҲֻŲŲطȻѾۻˡ
ԪæŰɽȥˡ

ɽ·ϣһֱ£и紵ݶľŵɫסһֱŵĿŵ÷֪ΪԼҲսսһ·߶û°ɣû°ɣ
尢ֻô񣬲ͣػظûˣûˡ

ԪҲż°Ѱųô˳С·ɽɽ졣
ׯӣѾˣüοİɣûˡ

ԼǸǿСӣոռҲûʧֻ̬Ǻӳֵ̫ͻȻŵ˾ؿڷƣڶЩð亹

ͷϺɽΪȺ˵ĺӣ˾ˣҲ򲻵Ҳˣ´ɽרŶڣʵǷˡ
ڻѰˣͷ´μһҪס

ֿԪܴ磬ɽϵˡ
Ԫ˼һ֣ͷԸȥɽ£طúðϢ
ŷĵػԼԺӡ

ָţһθҲûУǻһһڵسˣٲǰһʣˣԵֱɤۡ
Ԫûкúտˣİѵһ١

˭Ҳû뵽ҹͷա
ְҹشӣͼСˣͷ󺹣۽ǴᣬһһؽʲôúܡսҲһͷ̵òˡ

һӴϽﲡˣȥǰͷ
޳Ű£ׯϵĴҲȥˣʣµĶЩèѧͽһ˿ڻУǸ￴

һ˲ˣܵɽߣһȥһʱ˸ų׷ϴ򡣡
ϴϣҪ߶ˣΡΡؽ

ׯҲЩ飬ŸüΪƯСҲûʣȸСӰ˼һ㿪ҩ
ûʲô£Щܾˣټа壬۹ȣСҲģȻͲˡ

ָϽ˸ȥⷿץҩϴ״ЦׯҪˣ
̾˿ôס
ϴЦЦҲʣ˿Ѿʱҹ·в㣬кŰŴׯϹҹԼȥҩ

岻һ˴ڰķֻ۰Ͱ͵ڴ⣬ϴӣһܺ𣿡øߴǿ׳Сδʲô˿ڴϣʵǰˡ

ϴ򳶲ӣֻõɽȥ˿ӲصǣСӺţòϰѮܺá
ѹԺҲҪȥˡ

ڶ챾ҹޣһͷ糾͵ػׯӣڵظǣ
Ⱦһˮһҹ·ȴƣ̬üĿЩɢ
Χתƣ޿һҲû˵ʲôֻǰ彣ҲӸأ˵ȥˣ

ֱģˡ
޶һ٣һԵнߴϣ˹ʵˣôˣ

Ӣ忡ױȥһ룬üĿ䲻¶
忴ú£ӣɽϸŵġ廰ֻ˵һ룬û˵зˡ

ԵЦһӣ
һĲ˵ˡ

޴۾֪ʲôһȺĻŵȥ鷿£״Ҳ
޺ȻĻ̧̧֣λȥһȻ޴ȥǡ
˵ͷԼԺӡ

ĻŲ˻һЦ񰡡
ׯһأѵõ˼



ѬŰ޻ѣǿסϵѪ
һֱԺӣ޽˴ӽĶ˸Сӳһ壬ʲôˣ
һͷԵӡ

ҡҡͷСʵܣܰ𣿡
ü򵥣Ϊܾܾ˽˺ͺˡŮɫɷ׵ϣ·һһҪˣ忴ܡ

סǸ̴ľĺӣƵطڣЦЦҾ

ǣ
鷿УűĽΧһòӢ䣬ʮͬʮһ㣬λϡ
ŷţɼĸ֡

һĿʮеؿţƤЦλô
콫ҴЦһôҲʮֲ񣬡⹷ʵڿʼʽˣǰݵʱɲ˵
ԪдУ˵ֵһµļŵĩβű⡣
˷ˡ

²Ǳ˺ûͷƤҲ߯ˡ
£Ԫ۵ǻԺ󣬶˵ͷˣͬѹر߽ʱｲʲôֵ֮顣ԪڻΪĹڱ߽ాʮҲһ

һһҲЦʱͬգֻҪ룬ʵ۵ƨɾͲһˡ
˲֪뵽ʲôһЦ񶼻

۾ְһԣȻҵȽ˷ˣȻҪˡ
ҲЦˣЩ¹ϴξͺֵ³˿

˵ĿĻǴﵽˣ˾öӡڱ߽ս޲ʤͽĳƺţܵ˱һȺˣˣʲȥġ
һ࣬үٸ¹һᣬȺϳˣ

˳Ϊָʹֳһ֣ӽ

ȥûһоͿ粽
˴һۣƷò˼֮崺磬Ӣ䲻ĸףϲ黭ʳĶˡ
Ҳֻ

̧̧һԣЦҿеúܣɸ¸
ϴȺˣʱ䣬ҪǸͷͷԴ

šüֲͣ״ζǸСδ޲Ǳ°𣿡
α͵͵ģиĻȡ

ؿһۣ˰ΣӦ˲¡
ζЦ£Ҳֱ뿪ˡ

еıӰЦЦû˵ʲô

ȻԼԺӣвŷ۾αϣɫظֻվ˼ŵ毺õŮ״ҲҴ
ãԼĶͷ³һ˰֪Ĵ

ŮӦȥӰͤͤ

пţ֪뵽ʲôл壬ס壬ָףգƽ
ޱؿŴ⣬ɢֳǸµӡ




22.     ʲôӣߡ

ǸСȥ˰Ժӡ
˿̲ŵʱ, ڰߣ˲Сӣﻹء

̽, СŮüë, յͨ, ԭɷ۾, ˿ҲرţƤƬ޺Ļ, ųͷ
Ӹڰ, ޸ǳ˿˸Ķͷ, Ȼȡ

šü, ֹ˸Сڴ, ʲô£
ֿϵ, СԪɽ˻ᣬ˵ǽһֻ, ӺʱĩͿʼ, ūϵϴ˵˾

޾ͽдϴͬؽ֪ϲϻ, ͽˡ
ûʲô, С㷢һȣ廹Щôаʱˡ
޽ϴ, ְׯһ졣
Ӳãٳ⣬һ졣ׯЩ򣬵ǺٺôŮ

ϴԥһˣϾĶ࣬ԼҲæϷһ졣
ϴͻԺӣ޸ӣղ˵

ߴڴĬٻЩȵģһıӣȵʱʱߺ

Ϣһʱûѣָ̧˸Ķͷȵģҩ𣿡

޲ԸһͬڷҲֻһֱһţȾһѾιҩˣһҩùٺȡ
ڴϣСԹԵڱǿѹסеһ

СӿҪҩ
ޱ˱۾ͷ

ùҩ޵ɫƽǹɷҲʧӰ٣˰ߣٵһʱҪǲѣȥҴ򡣡
İŪԼٷֻίˣҪ˯񡣡
˵ˡ

ֹһʱյǳƤ˶

һֱһѣһʱͷˡСŮſ۾һ˫ˮƵ۾¶˳
죬ֻˮָ⣬ؽ

һڱزգβŴŹɿǻСеףҪס
ŮίҲҴؽУСèƵĿؽס
Ŵֶҩ

æȥ䣬ѹϵҩ˽
ҩ࣬ԭ׼ιȣ˭֪˳־ͽ˹ȥø

˺ҩӺȵģּϸµظźԥһᣬǾ䣬Ժټˡһ˸С׽
˸Ǻסˡ
ӣʢһҩرߣҩðˣȵصݵߡ

ŵһɿɬҩζίֱӣϸϸؽ˺üףȴŻι˿ڿҩȴӦ
ҩȥʼ俴һߴӰĬԣűӣίؽе磬Ҫ硣

Сʱص븮ʱյؿޣʲô취岻סССˣ˵Ҫȥ
СҲܲԺԸҶƣǼʹ棬ġС˿ܣ˳󲡡
̫ˣҹյ˵ϷҲСˣѵöЩСŮҪʲô

СյһԺܵ˯ţ˵Ҫס
Ϸ˾ͳĬˣССסϷ˵ֻ֣Žи磬иסϷԴһΰڻ壬СģϷ˵Ѷʪˡ

صСʱ򣬺и磬ԭӦӦģȴͻȻһڡ
ްһԣڴ齱ߣָ̧ţ⡣

磬硣һܾúܾǰԸȻˣõسõޣӢüۣʵ浱Ǹ޿Сġ
ǣҡ
סģСҲ֣߬۰Ͱ͵óԸ˯˹ȥ

ҩѾˣֽߵס֣ޱؿ⡣
ȣ˿ů񣬴Ź˵ĸо̽ȥ

ֱŮ˯ˣϵ¶ȱ޲ֳǸ̴ľзߡ



ݣԪ۴ŴĹԱӵ˵أԼóΪԪʱסĹԱûֱˣݲʢһЩû·ĹԱϾСԺ

ιְЩ˸Ժӡ
Сϣﲻ֪ΪһһģŹĪĻȻ

Z糾͵ظ˻æ˸Щˮ
ˣҵˣ
Z˿ڲ裬˰شûҵӡ

һҪǽ֪˰⣬Ļ¸ô죡
Zı֪ʲô̾˿ĸײõģ壬Ѿ׼ȥˡ
ĻŵȥģôҪˣ
ǽȺץȥZҲס

һҪǹܺ죬ҧڷϢ
ϴ˿Z˵ʲôŵͷӣͬĻ¡
ZԥһᣬûӵҪ˵ڣֻοǸˣЩġ

գZ˿أ
ϿЦһ֪ȥˡ
Zֺ˿ڲ裬Ҳٶˡ֪ôˣԴӻ˾ǣʲô˳ġھлеӣиǽ

ZߺȡȰһЩ̫̫̫˼ǣү첻˵ӶҪˣС˵ͻˡ
㶵һ૵ǵĵسԲ·˰ɡ
Ů⣬Ҳң֪ҪԶٿͷϻиµ飬ǰÿҪǡ

ԴСӲˣҹ˯žۿɼ࣬޽ֶ˼׷һҲûʲô˼ˡ
ֿۣҪӣȻСӻˣ˭չˣ

ŴǿϡͷˣʳҲȱǳûϵҲûټãʳԵһ㡣־Уȥţ̫̫ҹû˯ã˯ҲǺõġ
Ͼ񿺷ܣȷʵۼˣûһ˯ˡ

ϣ˯˯ţؿڲ֪ΪγƵģ˸Σε˰һ졣
ʱүսϢոմؾǣϷ˿޵ʹȥϱңҲŻңˡ
ʱȥְˣһԺʹüʧȥϷҲû˼һ˻̻Ȼڷా

СǸºӣƺ֪ĸʹ࣬һʱͳˣŰСЦŹϲ˵ûмôÿĺӡ
ϴССһžŶ޻Ű۾Եɵɵ޵

ʲôʱʼأǺ˼ǹҲˣֻһ£Ϸ˱ǸСƵİ

Ͽˣ˵ζŵĳϣϷϲúҲҪʤİҲ֪ٷ˻ڱЦСģҲ޴ӷΪȷʵӲ
ǰÿɰÿտĶҪˣҲͲ̫Щˡ
ڶϣ˼£ϲˡ

Ϸ˲ٴλ赹͵͵˵ȥңһһ£꣬϶Ӱ·˼һ
¼˵ҪѳϵļױͶس¸Ǹһˣ԰Ѷﵱ
ϷȻԸ⣬ֱڶӣ˳֣궼ðȡТ˳Ҳżϻ

¼ҲǺģϷҲˣʣһСŮޣǳ¼ңǻ˼ӾԱȵุĸ˫Ůǿ
ϷҲ֪˵еηŵ֣ͷһ룬żĴҹϵ
ϿһӣͻȻһ󵨵뷨ѰڷԼȥϷˡ

ȻϷʹӦˣǴδе͡Ҳ̾˵һ⡣Ͼֻ˵ӦõģСľʹȣСܿࡣ
Ӵ˴

Ϸ·ҵһԼЩŴ󻧵İ취ǰﵱƵۣԷֶ֣ԼһһڵιӭȻһƬޡ

ϵţӴ˾һʰѣıҪãҲܣհѶﱧڻ
Сףʹ˰æҲǼɵ飬ֻרĴһʱͻ򵥺ܶࡣ

ϿʼԵغ԰챧Ŷ޵ĴˡϴȰƷ빬УʺҲʰ֮ˡ
ǣϾͽӵ˵һ⣬ЩƲĹǵӡʱˣǵ˾Ͷ֪ˣϰȻУǸõĴˡ

ֹ˼꣬ȥϣӦش˶

ʱʱ֪׷ûлͷΪǻģȻҲҲΪԼ㡣һףӲĳûлͷ
һΣξǸԽԽǸССĽӵСһһؽףأرһƯСӡ

СӿһۣͷҲص뿪ˡ
ǸĮıӰлعϿ޵òѡ



ʺһԣķҵŶͷ
ּ״æӣСοż˵̰棬ӡ

ʺ̾˿дŹ˵ḷ̌ⶼˣǺȵҲҪˣһ޳й˵бϵĺܡο⣬ӷ·˼һ㣬ʺܲż
ҹûʲô𣿡

СĴߵĹŮ̫తˣ˵ûʲô쳣ǿűЩ
ʺƣؿαϣһĨ񣬡ЩŮȫˡҪЩصļŴӹ죬Ҳӡ

أʺһһ룬϶Ǹĺġ
Ӳĵһ죬ʺѾ˶ߵˣֵúܲÿ
ֻί⼸նԣʲôٶ

ʺ֪뵽ʲôȻֱӣû˶ţ
ֲδע⡣
ھȥ̽һʺ۾ҵһǷZҴӡ
ּ̾ȥ̽飬ʺϣβһ䣬Ъģ

СԺ
Ҳ顣ʺЦһûҶԺһܡ
⻰ֲҽӣֻԽ͡



ʱԺ÷·˯ãִ󲡳ĸо

ڱԴȥԺʼûôˡ
˺һע⵽һСӡ

Լ˼ѣѺϸؿСһµģ֪װЩʲôߣӦÿԴ򿪿ɡ
ûסģСĵش򿪺ӣһζǶˣ״Сں
۾ʶһ£һӸ⣡

ͻȻԼ֣Ҳ֪ôˣȥûҵûסһζֱȥֻصǸȵ磬һڷ֮䣬ѡ
գգ۾̲ס𴽣¶С

һʵ˯úܲμСʱϲҪϷҲ̫ϲμ֮ǰμģӲһƶͷ·һҹ֮һӶعһ顣
Ժ֪Ϊʲô˲һģɵĲˡ
ֳӸ⣬üۼɢˡ
ڴͷ˳Ŵϣɰ׵ļ覴ãǳ˾ľ֡

Ӹ⣬ڴͷ顣
Ǹʬ壬ﲻֻëëģҲ˾ׯ

ԪԵ޹ʵĲƭһģЩΣ˵ȥûʳԣׯܹƽƽġ
طȥ֮ǰﻹЩԥ븮ˣǸһһЩĵģ˵ģͨͨˡ

ſڴϣһӸԵøɸɾԺﾲĵģƣһת˯
ֽһΣΪûѣ˳ȥ

鷿޳ŻĻ磬һˡ
Ҳû˵ģγȥ鱨ַȥ
Ѿ׼ˡ

üֽľ档
ޣֻǧԤӦǲģǲ֪м䷢ʲôͻȻΪԪ۳ͷˡ
һЩǵļƻ

޿ͼΣû£ܴ򡣡
ƽ˵Ļһŷ
޴ָָͼӲӲʤ㻹Ǻܴġ

Ļʼ
ȷ˴ŵļƻ뿪鷿

濴ıӰ΢ɲü

Ժ˵ţȥ˰Ժӡ
ȥҩˣԺûˣԥһᣬûнȥֶҩŸһȥ

һҩ˲֪ãǰһֱѣȣ䡣
ҩȥˣͼڱƺ˯ú
̾˿ŵȻ

ԭվڴߣȻߵ˴ߣǸ̴ľСӻ˻Ρ
տյģԵøɸɾ

˿ѺӷŻЩЦ;ˣ˶˯ˣָʱ
˾ͺãⲡѾһ롣üģ´Ҫ򼸸׵Ѿ߻Ҳ࣬ׯûѾߣʵЩˡ
ܲðţ˴ȴһ˶ûС

ֵͷʱ˾ͽ

ֱҹԺߣǸ̴ľӾȻˡ
򴽣ǹŴζ·ڴ䡣
ѵ˸Ӹ𣿡

ýţϲɫŻūˡ
ӴŲЩˡׯҲûʲôŮһֱչ첡ˣֿ϶չܾá

ȥԺͷҩæаˡ
ҩĺܣˡ

СŮΪƴСûѪɫŸۣ룬һö۽ĶͷģѾˣӶԵʲô𣿡
ɾˣһҲ۽ɵȥߣƵûš

ֲ֪ܲܳţһ˷زô졣
Щӣ֣ҶഩЩѣ־ҳȥ߰ɡ
С㰧˭ӲĳأӦãūȸᷢ

һյľٶߵˣԹԵױ̨ǰָᷢ
Ӳͷϣֲ֪뵽ʲôЦѾ˼м񣬹ڴʡ

ծ಻³ζúܣ˺üŵԺҪ뿪ˣĻ־ǡ

ǼɫĶ£ϣһ㶼ƣĵðԽͤͤ
ִŰׯй䣬ʱЩ˶ؼϢˣ·ϻûʲôˡ
ҲɴŲ죬С·ɢ

ߵ֮ǰסԺӸиء⼸̫֣Ͱˡ
֣ͬһǸأ

ׯûʲô˵ͰҲˣϵЦͻȻ˲٣ǸԺأÿնͷʳҪȥ
Ȼǲ뿴ģͶбϣҲùˡ

ׯӲ󣬾ЩطסöˣûѰǴ죬ۼܹĵطˣ룬ҪҪȥԺȥɴ˲ٺö
ԺöûȤȥޣܲһʱ䣬ҲȻӦˡ

Ǵȥ޵Ժӣǰһľƽ͵صԺŷ֣ԺֵģһɫҹڹϣԺ
ЦſģԺͦġ

ȥͨ˳ֳֵˡ
Щ죬Ҳû˵ʲôֻ׼ͬȥ

׼ȥͼԺӵŴ򿪣߳Ԫˣ߻żˣѹŸθߴӣ
ֺͰ˶ּ

泯ֹ˹֣ת
˵Ŀӣһ˷ǳ

ŴԲӡ
Ԫû˵еӿɺЩˣ
ЦЦѾˣЩܴǡ

Ԫһ죬ֲ˵

ߴͷףסѹ·ˣ֪ΪΣȻ
ּ״Ҳæ·
һ˾ׯӺȥˡ

ȵ̷ͷϵͷײűȡýҲ˳һ㲵¶˳ⱻѹ˵ģûʺѰĴӡ

ڵϣݺݵؿЩе
ˣҴӵ

ԪüҪ˵Щʲôͱˣǵģʶ𣿡۾Щ̽š
ӹЦǲ֪ɣҴӣӵδޡ
Ԫδŵء

Ԫֻﲻɾ̧һš
ȣĿлһâ



ƻԺһԺǰ˻ˣǰֵׯͻȻ˸֪ģ˵ǷѾߣѰˡ
һ㶣æ˰֪Ĵ

˺֪ܿĴˣ֪˸ɫ࣬۾ͺˣ
һҲ̲סͷɬ֪Ľ㡣

ûˡ

֪ĴԺһ£ֽžȫϺҲûʲô˿ڣŷأһ𣿡
֪ļ۾ˣȷ˰²ƽū澲֪ȥˡ
ūǽӸˡ

һ㶣ЩûӦûлط𣿡ӵʱһ˷ô־֪ģ
֪ĺҹūһͷˣųȥҾȱ·ӵˣǸϻʱ򣬹ԺѾûˡ

ԺⱾЩһˣµĹܡĴģƷҲŵˣѾ߱ңһȱҲû
ֻǲ֪ˡ

ǵͷôҵģ
Ҳ֪𣿡

֪ҡҡͷش𣬡ūһܳģڱԺԣм˵ײ˹ﱻ˴ˣūһ·ġ
Ҳҹأ֪顣

գգ۾ʲô
֪֪Ҳ࣬ǴԪ˵ò࣬̾˿ֻϣƽЩղٹӡ



лףŴϢذΧɽţϣͷоͼ
꽫ͦΣ񣬻ȻˡȻͳһףֺ˲һĸоһ۾ܿ
ͼģ

һٴҸĴ񻭵ģ˺üûжԲϵĵط
һ

ʱһС£Сйμ˾ں󷽣붼˾¡
д۾˰βŵš

Сԥһᣬˡ
аͼ꣬ͬһ¶ԲߣƵȥ˺󷽡
ںߴһʣϺȾơ

κҲ˹зСк£
ЦЦʲô
ֻð彣ӸСһ¡

ӻ֣һС̫ȥˣûһᣬһ̬ƣѾ߽ˡ
Цеʶ𣿡
пʶ

Ͷˡ˿ھƣֻǷҶӵѾߡ
вԣЩɻؿʲôϵ
ǸѾߵ˵˵ȥˣ

ѾīīͷС˴Ժ죬Ϊ˾ȴȥ˴Ժӣ˿Ӧͬһ𡣡
ͷֽ˽ˣУһ˫Ŀһ⣬ҶҲôû˵

ЩЦԷǣʲôϵ
˵ƽǲеĲͣӣ˿־Į
ֻԼδޡ

пЩ͵˭Уͬûϵ

۾ðβŵ˼ˡ
εҡҡͷ֪Ҷ˭ŮǷ뽫Ů
뽫Щɲɿأ

в˵Ŀ뿪
̾˿Щвٷ뽫ľɲ

жסⶼĸµױ

Цŵ㿴㣬˶˵Ƣãʵľ㣬û˵ҪҷƢ
Ҿˣ벻շԼ顣
Ҫ֪ˣ㲻ǾΨһá

Ҿɲͳֻ˰ǧһǱķҾɲ
е͹ܺ졣

ЦҪ˴ȥأ֪Ҳ
вͷνɡ
ֻҵˡ

ݸϾͳɣͦģǸҴӳʲôӣߵġ




23.     δ֮ǰȥġ

֪Ժ, ־࣬Ҫҩ֪ĺ󣬾ȥæԼˡ

֪Ĵ˴ǰ, ˸, װĶǰһЩ, л֬, ûĻкðӸ⡣
ϲ, ּﻹмСЩɻ

֪İЩС, ūȥҹʱ򣬾ͼﴲЩ, ūһ˴, ͼЩصĴ
ӼԺ˸һ, ĴȻҲŹ, ֻ˺и, Щνһġ
Щ֪Ķ, Ҳ֪ģҪڴ£Ҳʱ

׼ܵĵڶ, ߵСͻȻ֪һϸĵѡ, ˵ǼЩصãʵõĶǰϲģװöЩϸΡ
Щģڸǳ׵Ҳˡ

֪Ŀżδİ, ܾЩطһˣﲻһһʱҲ˵ֻԭüۼ䣬ЩаһһЦעĿ
۾Σʱʱ¶ЩϲɫƯùˣֱЩġ
֪ź˻ܵס˷ֻ˼죬ðſˣЦһЦܽôס

Ӹ⣬سһڣŴζմڣ֪͵ؿ
ųţȻ̧ͷЩ鲻ԸҲ⡣
֪һ㶣ôҲ⣿
ԺӸԶžסϸڣ˵ͬһȥˣôҲץˣ

Ͱһֱ֪üЩԹӡܹӣҲö˵ʲôֻǿŰԽϧģһ취ȹġ
ӸһԣһʱЩոô֪ͬ˵ѾȥˡúõĹŮˣ֪Ҫˡ

֪ʰңδӵĿա

ϣţùԺ׼Ϣˡ
ҹ֪˯һԵСϣŴü۳İС֪ˣйôãܿˡ
Դ֪˰Ժ֪һֱŲ£һׯй䣬һ⡣Щͽ׼ôԵ޹ʾðһ㵽棬ǣѾѰԼˡ

û޵ѯʣ⿴ŻĲɵ಻࣬ʵͦõģ󵱼ҵġǸˡ
ôõġ
ȻɲǴҲǼΪƵģʳȱÿնŸЩóԵġ֮ģҲܺá
д󵱼ҵģ޾ûпЦſԼģȻֹ˼֪ΪΣЩ˼ˡ

֪ľЩֹ̿Լռ˱Լ֪

˽ӽʱ֪ոռһȻ᲻ôޣҲһ鰾ʱ
Ů˯ԺڻϣĽëСӣ֪ѻÿ

Ȼûоǰȣǰ̰ʹ˼£֪Сؽ˰죬Ͽ
Ůѩ֬ظźһһƯ֪һľһ˿
ϸɸɾģû۸

ڶһ磬ʱ򣬾Ժզզ
㲻֪ĵţ³Ѱȵ
ҾȥԺ棬ʲôң
֪Ƥ죬һͽӣڷ븮Ҫɱˣ

Ժ˼žҪȥƣһ۲ûų
һֻëӣϵ˲ӣͷԵԺĴϣ˰ǰ
ӣӱסԺǿɽϻҪ̼

֪ĸǸͽӣһת۾ͼԺУŻëӲ֪ʲôΪˣεū澳ʱˣҲ֪ǴġŽӷųȥǺӾĺܣǲ

ģһ˫۾Ȼġ
һǴ󵱼ҵĻˡ

֪Ķҩа£һµū澸ղŷиüߵӣҪԺӣū澷Žˣ˵ףɾ
ղԺ壬ЦЦﶼЦ⣬ǲǳúںڵģЩ
ֻɫٳڰϣ֪һʱˣһŵͷ
֪ĲصģǸˣ֮ģͨ´ͬúýͲŽˡ

֪ɫӵĵͷֽԼͷ
֪ĸ˸򵥵ķ٣ʮֵأ֪ľԼ̫ˡ

ͷʹŵȥǸúҶ
һ˯˵ӣӦؿŷǳĿ

˼ˣ֪Ļʰӣ˵ԼҪһš
֪İⶼһ飬ʵúöˣԭΪƫԶҰ֮أЩǿŵĵطˣ˭֪Ӳõʮ־£ЩΣׯӴץķ²ǼϸŵĽŮмָŴ󻧵ĸо
˵Ҫţ֪ԥһᣬǷ飬ֽаɴͬһˡ

֪ĿŹԹԵȲ׵ģǿŰƺЩ͵ӣ֪ܾׯﲻԾ
ȵ˾ԺŰ·ؽԺӣһߴߵڴ߿飬һͺ顣
֪Ŀӣﲻ֪ΪΣһֺܲԤС

ֻ¶°ѿǸΪʵˣ֪ĴһᣬԼһļ

ްСϣЦſǲĵЩ𣿡
Ҳӣߵߺ˵ѾȫˣԺĺӣǴ󵱼ץ𣿡
֪һ޽ȥץģǲ֪Ϊξһߡ

ϣ䵭˵ȴͣѵԺ˹ߡ
ֻĺӣϲ׽Ūˣڱϵһܶǳ˽ѵˣ󵱼׼𣿡

޳Σһ죬ɽȥ

۾ȷʵϷŪˣҲû˺ˣ᲻Щ̫ˡ
޹ŴһܿͷӦ˷ڶ

תһȦԼЩ֣Ȼô
˵޴˸СӵݸǸˣɽƬضҹܡ˸ŴͷŰ̧̧ĺӣƺڴߴš
㶵ؽӹӣЩɻؿ

ûܺӣ˹⻰˵ԼЦЦ˶һ£ЩǸ
һʱԣ°׵С̺ˣС·Ҳڷ̡

Ů˺Ӿ͵ͷҲȥһ֪ġ
Ѿ߶ˣйѾ֪ǵλá޵ʣ𣿡

ԭҪ˵£ôܲһĺӣȻ˵ˡ

ǲĻش˿ߵɫҪˡ
ȥʲôʶʡ

һԵ彣ȥɱˡ

ʶһ޾һЦδˣ㲻֪𣿡
ɵɵ

޴߿飬ЩζӦĲ䡣
δ֮ǰȥҶȥ

ǣ޷ˮĶֺÿɵŲЦЦȥɣǺ㲻ϲͷˡ

ԼԺӣģҪǽһˣǸˣǸᱻ͢ɱˡ˻°ˡ
˴ܺáźӴƴĺӣ֪װʲôŻŵġ˰죬֪ΪЩ򿪡

ѺӷߣŻڴߣһôȥ
󵱼ҵҪȥ˻𣿴󵱼ҵΪʲôҪأ
ߺѾ˸ЪˣúܣԭЩƽ

ˣǲģΪ˷ģ԰ϱӵĹ켣
ţһҲˡ

֪һҲЩĲɣֻΪ֣ռıˡû뵽˺ȫһȻߣҲóǸʮֿʣȹ˵Ĺӡ
ûðӣȴشűء
֪Ĳ˲ӣ̽Űô죬Ҫŵɽȥ𣿡

룬ҡҡͷţÿЩʳ
ٴηֳܿڻˡ

֪ĿЩĵü

ȥ˺ɽǵںɽˡ

һ类˾֮⣬ֱڶƲ֣ڲݴﰦ̾ҽСˡ
޲űɽסɽׯ֪ѾõĲ𣬳͢ôҲ򲻽ׯӣﻹЩŲ¡

ׯϵļĻŶׯԪǸˡ
ԪһϸģްȥׯŰɡ

ԪҲûʣ͵ͻȥ
޳ĬһᣬָĿڵŷҪҪߣҲ



г彣˸ϸϸزšȥǹŽĲԳһЩ

һС͹ֵүִӳˡ
п˿ɫԼĪʱѾ˺üˣе˰Χˡ
Сٶ˵ˡ

ﰲˣǸ̫֪࣬Ľȥ𣿡
̫ȥˣҲأȻչ˺ôӡ

һüۼѵõȾɢ

ҹɽϽֱׯΧ˸Բ̫Ҳоֻ̣֪ˣôǲأ
̫ĴеɫҶ˵




24.     ҪǷǰҡ

еĸ׷ϳ, 䶼ľǰ塣ϵ޵ʱ, ʮױ, ˽»Щļױ

Ԫмʮʷ, Щ֪˶ĵĸǰ, ûôеԪ۴֪ϳ޴˽Ϊֻм, û뵽һ֮ࡣ
ϰЩھǸڵ, ӾסľֻһĽų̡ϻͬЦ˵ıҪǲʹ, 衣

Ȼû, ȥԺ, ű͵е, һֱõ񡣶γЩϾɲ, йϵ½½ЩӸ, ŰСһ⡣
ۿţ

ЩӸҹɽһҹѾҪܲ, иԲ˿, ӪӵҪȥǵСƲסˣֻһ״浽иǰ
вͷ֣ȺӸȥ˺ɽȥǵɽš

Գһ, ֻãҲֵ׵ģһֵ֣ڵϡ꽣üĿϣںԼ
ĺԲЩҲǸ첻ߵһȺӸΧһЦеشӶͳ
Ƥ֣ûʲôʵġ

һӶһЦһݶӣϸýʥ

ü¶ЩаЦݣҲ鶶˶ȻһƤˣ¶߰ɫķƤɻĸһ˾÷µĴӡм䣬һǺһ١

ǸЦ٣СҵСˣģзݣǿȥ𣡡
궼ЩҲ˽ѧϰˣڴڸҲա
Ǿ㶼һʳһһ

ֳ͢飬ʵǿ

һԼСţЩӸһ𣬿ҲµģҲͲˡЩ۾ȥĹӸ磬һҲǲġ

꿴࣬鷭û죬ðζû˵
ԳЬһ鿴

Գ̧һţү۾
һԣᵽˡƽҲûٿֻ¡

Գϣô۾ֱֱɽơ
ɽʵߣľ䶼ݰˣʮܼžԵúȥԳ֪ɽ˵ϳ
Zǡ

Χһ𿴣һ鱻ȥģɫͨ죬˺꾫ӣ겻ر˾Ԫճյա
һԴ˰죬ȴʵʵŭʲôÿģѲǾϲڴŪˣ

˶ؿֻһ˻ᣬɫͨҪǷǰԸġ
Ƕסˣ̶ղشͷص˼Щʱܴյһġ

Ǹ˵ԼԸ꣬ͷЩڣܾ˵ʮֵĲãأȻһϣɳԶڵϰβʹ
Գ¶ɷɨ˼סһۣ˱ٽүĻͲһôˡ

ԳĸһƷĽСϰ䣬һܰѾ˼Ҳ˵òᡣĹӶŭԣæȥҽ

ǼС£ڵҪԳ

Գ˫ѾţһʱҲƲס͵߿һֵү
Ҳ⿪еӣһ˳ɽȥӲˣ

һʱ֪Ǻá



˻ỰЩסˡ⻰ڱԺͿһ룬ҹʱѾʣµһ룬ȥؿûȤζˡ
ʱſڵĺͻȻлϸϸģѰһ

æӴ⿴ͼִŷվԺͷźȻҲסˡôˣžʹӵϼ˸ʯ飬ݺݵӡ
죬Źйߵζ˷Ӧ
ǺҲû뵽⿴Ů޸ҳʯͷһʱҵðǣؽʹܵϣ޺޵صŷš

ŲŲֺѣɫ𪣬ԺӲõñȷ븮ãһʱ̲סѾռ˱˰ɣ
ѻϣʱŷЩԷȻƽڴռ˹ˣ̲סˡ

ޱ˵޸ĸ飬ʹһֻĿڶʹҧҪСˣŪü޲ӣһ
ⷬ˵ǣԾؿûСԼɡ

δŸոյһ۾ͷ˰ЩһˣвЩĲ²⣬Ǳؿţȴеһɱµĸо·һİ

Ŵ˵ˡ
л죬εЦЦӷҪūû취ʹˡ
ҡҡͷֵ¡

ִֿ⣬ȻҲûôˡضίˣȻӺڴˣԺʲôͷ
ţһ¾Լﶼ̹ˣִֽȥ

ŪһʱȻ֪ôһͨΪʲô
֪ԴСο޲øոն˰Ķ䣬ûԻźá

ͶԺ˵ԶԶͼһŴ߸һȻԪ
ԪǸŴ󵱼ҵȥ

ԪߵԺǰط֣ׯ»
һ㶣ķ̣ͻȻǸӡ

ԭ鷿˵Ԫˣüֱ֣ǰо̣а·˻صĵ
̾ȥԪԺӣϵԺʱסŷ֣ԪȻûлԼԺӣֱȥ˷Ҵǡ

Щ㲻ˣֻתͷȥ˰Ժӡ
ԪҲܳԾ˰񣬡
ѾʮˣָߣһҲΪ

üôˣ
Ԫһ֣ׯ±

ȣݺݵüġ


ʱ߶΢΢̫һ˴
ڣ˿ʲݣɫήңСŵ˾롣

˼Ϸɳ¶Թɫӣǻˡ
ǳϣѱԺ죬ץסˣڳԼ֪䡣

в˵ʲôĽӳ¿񣬡ˣӰ㡣
ϵͷЦһβŵǲôׯӵġ

ׯӽǰֻҵһխֻܽʿС·Ϊβٳٳԭǲֻܴǲܱ֤һܾȻذ
Ϊ˾ˣΪ˴̡

ׯһԽ·вȥˣȴб˴˰ֻһյׯӡ

ŮҲߡпЩ͡
ЦЦþȻȻܾȻ

˵Ǿ仰ͱ۾һõģ

е˵壬ʱеӣʱҲǡ
ҲϣһԵ̧̧̫֡
̫⣬ȥһͽˣС̧Ÿ̿衣

µգյķĺ̿Ť
̫ӵ³һŽ̿šϱѬ۾ǲŵؿС
ҿǷ뽫ķˣôң

ѾͬˣӲֻñķ˿ˡ
ڵϷûһյͨ죬̫һǣˣˡ

յһ˲䣬ƺᵽƤⱻսζЩ˵˵

̫ԳλϿȥһŽջȥ
н٣ֽʣ̧̧°ͣЦˡ

ʱɫڳīˮߡ
˾һǧ˵СӴɽƹȥǧ˵Сٴ죬ɽɽн˾ʣµǧˣһεĽؽӽׯӡ

ǻһֵȼһƬ졣




25.  Χס   װסҲ⡭

ҹ, ֪Ļʰѣſڴϣ°ͿǸɫСϻӡ
ĺʱʱؼХ, Ȼȥ, ιЩʳ, еʵƵ, һĴӶˡ

СԭʮֻҪȥ, ڵϣʮԻذ̾, Ű
ӹˣְ, ȷʵٳ, , ˯ñȰ硣

ʵ, ڴС⿴С, ˯˲ԭҳô, Ǻõúܡ

ɻᴲϣ۾˯⣬ʱʱҪԴһߵĺӣԥŷ, ȥСʱû˯š
֪ڸ, һѵðߵģΪǵӣɰοүıԣһܰѹﰲȫȳȥ

Ȼ, ͨıԣȻҲͳ˾ֻıûڰϣȥ˷š
Ǿ¶µģҲ֪ͬ˵ֻñ۾һҪ˯ģ

֪ļ˹Ȼû˵ŵѡ

ۼҹɫڳʵ˯ţſڴϣѺ
ӲƴСǱϸµĥ÷ϱߴһСۡ
ϸʮָȥһīֻȻɵС

ʳָһװõ۾ʹˡ
ڴس￴ȥ

һССİĴָľɫ«˩ŸСһŰɫϡ
ͷ̫ʲô塣

ֻϵӡ
޾Ӹᡣ

С«أСذϸش
ֻǸССľͷ«ǳģƤĥøĹ⻬˨˸ӦСŶȤġ

С⣬ȴ͸ҷѾˣȻΪκ˹⻬

«ССֵϣõ˸üСӣż򵥵ķ٣óӦǸװ۵ƯСӣ۾ίҪ޲޵ġ
ֱ治Сӵ˭

֪İѵˣתŸС«㶣ЦôЩˣ
С«ȥؿЩɻҺʱЩ⣿

֪룬ЩСʱ˲֪ϡ⣬˼ңϷԼӣЩǲйܼȫˣڻڹĿⷿأ

£һҲǵˡӡϷˣɥɥӣޱһȾŹζȰ
һ½ȥ밲һΣҲ̫˵ֻΣŮ˴ֻǴջԶٷϷȷʵϲЩŮ޹ص顣
һѧСѾԺ﷭ͣſ˻ᣬϷ֪ˣûСѾ߸ڵֵʱЩˡ

ϲЩˣʱҪ˵Ҫи⡣֪ĻǾȤԼҲЦ˭֪ԺһС«Ͱѹˡ
ָָ֪ǣвϧʱүδ߶ҪϸϸɤӶˣү͸˸ʲô«ĻͰѹˡ
ָժ«ţԷ˯£òء

ʱȻֵĸô𣿰Ȼӡˣ룬ЩɻԺûֺ«
Ժֻһ඼Щݲݡ

ԺģСʱ֣ϷϲүƣղѧϲˣүƢã˵ʲôţָ«ʲô
¶ãԴ˺þòԼԼЩӡ󣬷·иʵ꣬Цؿٶľ벻ˡ

ϸԼӸķ֪Ǹϵһһ˿ֵĸоݼţҲûϸ룬Խִˡ

«۾ǰȷʵǸڶûС«󵱼ҵΪʲôҪأ
벻ףѺ«ѹͷ£ſ˯ȥˡ

ҹٵѣ˯ʵ۾ͼɫ촩·ūߡ

д˴ӳ˵С·ׯӣһԵĸپŻѣǰ

һռؼׯӳׯûеƻѾ˰޵ʱ䡣ٴ˻ûָλãвжýʿע⾯䣬

Գҵ𣿡пɭɭĺɽġ
СԹߵüЩϣ˼СȥˣڻûϢ˵ӴЩʶôһ߶Զпܵġ

вһ̵ܽү᲻ںɽֵĳ̶ȣбĿܣ
꣬λ˳Ǹ߻ʹӵЦ滢ճҪ⣬ҲǸ鷳¡

гһᣬһûʲô飬ǼңҲ˵
Ŀ޾ͣھҪԣжһ䡣

ܿ죬ҴһֶӣɽˣöϨ˻ԭؾ䣬ԼȻˡ

ӡһ֣׳˵Ҳ˵죬¹˵ҶҲ֮У
в֪ᰲֵشں󷽣̧ʾûͬӣֱӵк£

ЩڨڨЦЦǷ뽫ľɲǹĽ飬Ƿ뽫Ψһãŵ꣬ҲҪ֤СӰȻӵʱɷҲҶӡ
Ҵ̣֪ܶʱңŮЩҪĥ

гףȴׯӣɢľǡ
˷ʣºͣרעׯӣϵıЩģҲ֪ûȥ
Ҵһһᣬ˲˵ȥֻóһ֣ԼĶ

ۼ֧鶼Ѿĵطѽĥϣڼžҹ﷢ϸ΢
Χ˵Ź˵ζ



æش·ͼ߼ճ˰磬ԪʿŴ죬ׯΧһȦǲҲӡׯ˾Ȼңɵؿʼټׯʣս

ֻڴǸҶǷˣȻ˵ԼϹׯӵܵ˳ȥǸҪùء

·ζͷԣĿİأ֣Ҳ֪ܵġ
СŮЩң۵˯ú˵ģּЩᣬȻģⷢӣūѾӴˣҸطһ㣬ӻˣݺݵһ١

һ©ٳĻԣ˶ţܴϢȥҪй˽ߡ

ѣ֪ĻæҪߣߵǰȻʲôѽһҵȥСƷˣ
֪˭ʤ˭һ󵱼ҵĳ˰̣ׯӽг͢ռȥСƿɲҪ

֪סֻýȥСƵӣСˣϴܵòˣһ⿪̾ûӰӣܵñ˶졣
ǰһ䣬ǸСϻҲ˻

ֽׯӺߣСĸǣΪͷйˣֻܣūס
ô죿ۣ˼Ҳãһߡ

ͷĿǵǣЦģׯӿɲǿô򵥣Χףɲô򵥵ġ

˵ûЩԺֻͷǰ֣һٻģ
˵ʵ⣬Ѿˣͷһ󣬵ȳ͢ˣԼĵػ
ûĻ£ֻֽߡ

֪ɫףֻطȻˣקܡ
һ·ϾȻһҲδһ·ҿǲط븮ģҪСţг͢˿ˣͻط븮ᣬٽ޸Ԫۣǲᡣ

ϧûԥĻˣһˣСǰ˰һɭɭЦݣȷˡ



޲ֻһˣԵׯƬĵƻʱ֪͢ҵׯӵС·

ûдߣ忡Ȼׯӣ֪뵽ʲôЦЦ⵽ˡ
žɽȻһԪͷС˽
ԪŴһ·ۣܵǰʱҪ

޼ˣ΢ɲü

Ԫ˺һ˵ׯҪ÷ȥǰ
Ҫʷ˵ׯͷ˰ܵй¶ˡ

ׯȥ档汲ָߣϹսƢر󣬳޵Ļ˭ĻҲ
Ԫסֻæ졣

һԣһʱûӦ˻ŲͷҲҪȥˡ
˵գĴ󴸣ЩԾԾԵĸо

Դ˴۾Ͽ飬֪ʲô
˰Σһƽŵµׯӣɡ
治ƽ޹ʾҪðӣҪðЩͦõģȥҲմϹϵ

Ԫһ㶣ǣׯ

װס޺Ȼ̧ͷӢһ˿ɷһһҲĻ




26.  һ   ıֻܾһ

֪һ뱻, ǰ

Ǹų룬ͷǵ, ǰһֺܲƵ񿴹, Ȼ, ӡҲá

ʮ, ѾǸˡսܹˣ˹Դ, ͱüΪѹס˵Ҳֱֱȥ, ʮûзִ硣
Ϳ࣬ƽﲢƽ, ԽԼ˼ȫˡ

Ҳʵʵ, һϵ, ˰Ц, 
һʱЩԼ۾, ӣ

֪Ķž, ֪˵ʲô
죬Ӿò¶棬˲£ҲѯʡԷ, , ܵ˾ƴ˹Ҳпܵġ
ʺȻżҲû̫ϣҲΪӹܵȥˡ

Ǿû뵽ӾȻȺץˡ

Ҳ, ޱؿһԣһ˾Ͱһ߸ߵΧǽ߲ʮǳ͢ıȺҲûҡ

Բ椾ȻҲ⣬һĵشŰ
ǿЦЦ֪Ҫô

Ӽ˰ǰͷŴһֱЩرȥ۾ζЦҿûƭ㣬ҪǼ˷ʲôӦ㡣
սĥˣһ䵭üۣﶼǾ£޲ڣ͢ľӽֻһǽ֮һ¾еˣͲó͢սܣֳǸĴӣȻҪЩ˺ÿ

ŴӣΪǱԭֻӢ٣ĥȻҲüΪͨЩſüۣһŰûԼ˼ڣ޺޵ŤͷҲٿ

ȲЩŰɣЩ̽ش
ȻƫȻòϣȷʵüΪƯŮӣûһŮ㾪˵òüЩаˡ

ҹɫأȻЩ䣬棬һ°׵СǳϿңҾûгׯͷݹϢҪǲţɽҶʡ

ԣ䲻ЦһΪܵŤͷ
汾ͲŰĻŲԸʣҲȥ׷

̾˿һʱ֪ǴǶ񣬷ŴʱҲ֪ӻֻΪˮĻѣѵһʱ߾
֪ĸɫ࣬ŵӾ˼˳ȥҪӳͽ

Ųûôֻ࣬ǿׯͷȵöЩͷˣûѾźüûѣҲԲã˯Ҳ˯ãԭӢĴӣһǡ
˲ֹһĴֻҪطңϺúһ

ִҴҵشԺˣסˣһҪ˺ģ
˺üȦи˰֪޸
һ棬˵Ķˣ㡭İػֲ֪뵽ʲô̻˶ûټ˵ȥ

ˣɫڣ˰ͻԺӿŹԹڵϵİһʱǸ
۾ܿһܽ⾫һŮߣıЩôķӡ
Ҳ˵Щеׯ⡣ֻׯŮãͿʩչƻûһᣬͼԪ˻

Ԫ棬ɫҲ̫ãֻׯͬˡ
̴ϲе⣬һŮӣּ˵ˣׯġһŮʲôҹҵⶼЩҳݵĶ
⼸ˣȫԲׯӵһһ䣬Ϳó͢˱ıЩ֮ĺô

֪ͬĿһ飬ЩԪԪܽܳһȥʾ󵱼ҵˡ

ܵЩеĿ⣬ԪԥһᣬܿԪСޣһΪԼ˽ȴ֣ԼĶǱ棬ׯ뷨

Ԫ׹ˣﲻ֪ΪЩѵ󵱼Ҳ

濴һׯʣµˣĥŽԪȥ棬ôʣżǳ͢ˡ
ʱԶȻһѲߵʿѹŸ˹ˡ
üȥ

ҲǱƣֻĸĸߴ׳һʹſѹסһЩݵӰ߽Щ˲ŷⲻǸڵ꣬òֻɷޱȣ˲ҿ
ȴòгֻýҹʵ̫̼ⲻԳ

ְôȣҰѱʵ̫ӡˡ

һԪڣͬѳͻѵõŮҲڴϵһ죬ȻȻҪɴǱչԺͻѣѾǼõĻˡ
ԪĴͳǽŮи࿴һвٹӹŮԪڿۣ֪˶ټѻ

ȻлԼǡóְ궼ģͬһ仰ҲǺõġ
˭֪ʮɴŮεڵʵʵЩûһܽģֻż·

Ψһ˶סˡ

ǵİԳеˣͬһ᷿
ʱֻϼΣδ˵֪Լʲô
ǻ̿żҪ˴˽ͬһӴ᷿ˡĽһֻУҪκιΪóӷ

ԣѵõģһɫζȫĳʳԳԼǽվһվԡ
һɫĳۣͷžµڣϸشģӵܣӲԳһſεûʲô飬ԳԽ᷿һҲ۾˷ֱ治
˲֪ãŲŽŲ

ž᷿ʪȵɢľսŶ꣬жҽгĸãһҪ
˾ãֱ⴫ŮӽεĻԳ̧ͷɬһֿƵŰڰļѽ֮ǰطӴȥˡ

񶼲̫ף쵽ΪʲôѰ᷿Сʱ֣ȴһ仰Ҳ˵

ԳԭʮֲͣɭɭģСүһԣ
ʿ̹Խѹ

üͷһ壬ģׯɭϣôһëͷСӻˡ
һʿɽѲߵʱֵġԳϻϵӣ׾پͽץסˣϸƤ⣬ʲƳˣȻͰˡ

ȻһĲ룬˭
ԳӱȻʵ۶Ƥô

ϴ϶ӣ濴˾ȻҲֻ˰Ҳһߡ

ԳʵʵֻڴһԵĽʱ⧲ضһ¡
ЩţƿǱ߿ֶ˫ʪӣŻһʱؿڶһ¡

ԼȻ֪ŵǶ°ˣǻЩΪصͷֻںڵķ

Գʣµİ໰ʻضȭͷֵһԡ
ͷβûһԵĴӺͷţǿҲ⣬ͿΪ˳ۣڼԼҲ͸ϵס
ĶӡЩֻ

һ㶣ŸƴЦȫѹ򰡣

˿Сţ˰ϰţе˾ڣ

Ԫ뿪ˣ޲ûмעׯӵ״

£Ʋ֣Щׯӣһ˫۾Сһʪġ
޼״Цҵô

̾˿Գ㷳ҵȻָǰ
ƥѾ˳ۺܾˡ

ԺöƽׯϾвס޼ǳе飬ֻո˵̣ü嶼̲סĴ󴸣ǿǽȥĵϲİȻΪׯͷŴˡ

޳ĬһᣬŵƻͨׯӣҲ֪ڰο˭İɣٵһᣬﶼԼˡ
ȻЩ񲣬Ǵ̵ı³͢ﶼû˱ȵùҸҪǣ˸棬ضƽ龩

ȥӡطƯЦЦԭӢӱЩаҪͬһȥ𣿡
ţһȥһʱѣЩԥҪʲô

ĽҰģʲôӿҡ

޹Գģһʵ϶ӡ
ҪһȻҪӱĵطҲ


ں󷽣ׯߺû⣬һǰȥ棬ԼʼоׯӵĵΡ
ׯӴЩ棬ɶˡ
ԽԽ֣ׯӵĽڶúܲϳԼһŶݼ׵飬ü

ǸٺܿͻˣЩ֡
˾ͽ˵ıֻܾһ




27.     侲ұá

ٵ껰, Щľսغһԡ
Ƿҵӣһ˾δޣһǷ뽫ΨһĶŮ, 뽫ž궯һ, ڻһԻ, ⲻʲôѡ

пãҹɫ, ʶ߬߬塣
˭Цһһ˿ɫ, ЩǺӹˡ
˵ģѡ, ʸҲϡ

г˳Ƶûʲô, һԵĸٵӿô
һ, , ίСӸԶ, ¹ƲɫӦǻġ
СŹ, ѩ, һûϢõķųĵƼݣǹòġ

һںڰŵµƻͨׯ, ȥ𸴡
ڿСһ, ϴβµӡҲۿۣȺ˵ͷͷǸôҲͲˡ

ʱһ̫, Цߵǰӣү롣

󷽵ӿһۣķںĳ˵Ĺޡ
ʲô£


гٳٲӦԣɫЩá
ӣƭңҪҪΪγٳٲ͵˽

Ҳ벻ͨϻǿ¿ûƭ㣡
ǸˣȻ˿Ů˵
ǰһʼҹϣûд󳼳ϯԪ۵ʱ̫ͿҪԼһУôڷܣҲýġøƵģȻԸ⣬ųϢҪڹ࿴
ԪȻţ˵࿴ĻҲʹˡ

еҹʹ׵δ޳ϯ磬ö֮һϯϣȻɵһˣйʪһӡ
ҪϲֲǰһֵĹΪʲôȢԪ۵档ѲСĻװģ

治Щ̡
һɫһ˲ͷˣűȥ

ֽţڵϣӲС
֪ĵǵؿСӶȻȹģľǡ

ҡҡͷ֪ⳡ־ĽʲôӣﻹһּĿ־塣
вѡϾһƾͻԭܺõĴ󵱼ҵģҲ

Ŵ㱼Լص˶ʱǸϲСȥǸп޵

ɫ࣬ΪԼǰ¿ԣ˵еıͬáʵûλӼ棬ʱȻᱻСҪǱˡ
һԣ˫ĿſգƯľżż·ΣһʲôںģƺΪаգ𣬲ҧһ

ۼҹɫֽ˳ȥߴ٣Сѡ񣬷ҲˣһҲȲȥ
Ϊܶ˵ԸδȻǧã֮ҲһװףοŻǷ뽫Ůɮ濴棬ȻǼΪѡ
Ҫӡ

ԳͻȻӣһŰߵһߣӸߣҲ䲻ôһ£ڳ˶סˡ

ԱŲһЩɲһ꣬ȷʵ¡

꿴ڵϡͷӳƽƽ棬Ϊ˵ǼΪ̬
Գᣬǿ׳һŸΪй߳˴˶ڿһ˲һԣͷ³Ѫ

һԵʿ赲һŷӦæǰԳס꼫Ϊǿͦѹ

ԳйɻŰһԣյȫ¶
Zеδޣƽôģ¶Ϸڵ˹ؼʱͳӡ

һߵ˰߶µؽ˷ȻҲûôЦ㸸׵ķɡ
ԳЦһӲˣյߣɤͳ˿̻ȣСүҾɱ㣬ԺҲŹ㡣
һ㶣֪ǳһŭΪա

ԳʵûZΣΣ㣬һָֻͷҲĳ

Ȼĵӣǲھǳʮ֮ǰڻݵ游ңרĳ̫עԳԶӣ游ϲԸҲòСڶ࣬ų
ԳӲùܣһ첻µزµӡ

ӻؾʱԳǸ°ԵĹӸ硣зִ磬ɱ˷ŻĴ²Ҳû۸ˣСѧ䣬Ǹѵõţͬ˶ִûԹ̣ÿʽѸٵھҵһȺ־ͬϵĺѡ

һ죬һȺһھ¥˼ļ˳ӡиϵĹӣ׸ĵմ䬣䬳ӢͬԼóν֣һͬסεˣ˵ߡ
Գ󲢲ųЩϵЩŴ󻧣н飬н飬һŴⶼԺ쳯õʱ

ȻԣԼʵûʲôϵҲֻ˵Է˶ƣܿ
Գȵ΢ؽ⿪ѣ佻̸Ѿܿ䬵ĴƷУ˻úû£Ե˷չһ¡

䬺˼Ͱ֣˵ԼͬڲԶΣºȵѬСˡ
ȺϲʹĹӸǳĬһᣬȻûнŹƣˡ

Գ󿴵棬Ϊʲô£һӲŵ˶
ʱĹͷʦЦǸӣ

Գ󲻽ؿǽ⿴ԳǲĵΪ첻֪ôģ⿴ˡ
һŮ˴ӵм䣬Ƥ׵֦ͷѩڷƣһ˫ˮ۾ЦܸоԼһѪƯаԡ

Գˡ
ڻʮ꣬ûŮ

ϲ󣬳û˰Ӵﶪȥ
Գ⧲ڴϣǽҤӳġƽһξòڣɫ죬£·Ҫߡ

Ѿɴ׼Ͻӣ㱼һ˱¥ΪǳԲϷˣ˸һӡ
վһԣͼԭҪߵСޱؽӹӣȮ

һԵİǷһᣬʼԾȡС֪ԼĶͲҪƤȥǿ󣬵Լģš

ԳáʵʵϵһԵĴϡ
ׯϵĴܿˣԺ󣬽ҪŲԼƷ
ͽŪԲ뿪ԪȰ춼ֻա

״ĳԲ֡
ԲСׯϳ󣬽һμⷬ龰Ǻ棬ǸһĹﱻסˣֹסơ

Բ椶һ󺺵󣬴󺺴Ŷ̴ڣԲ椵ĸףŽȥ
Բ椲֪ôĲߣͬɫ

вԼȳ͢˱ˣׯҲܴҸط㡣


νߣɫѿȥ˺󷽡

бϣЦеؿ˾ǹ¶࣬б

彣ý⣬˱㵽Ҫʲô
˶ˣӶ˸Ȼмˡ

̾˿ͣǸβ̵ӵĸף㿴㣬㸸ףܺ㲻ɣ
㡣

в˵һĨ⣬ЦҾ֧þǰͬһ̣Ҿǳ׺ǵá
а˰彣͵شֱ˵
ű£ûȤͬϺӡ

ЦЦ²Ǹû˵˽ѡһȣŰüӦҲ˷öһҲһ¡
˵ƽƺǼõ顣

еһ±ס彣𣬲֪뵽ʲôỬҪŻ¡

·ûз쳣ԹԵ˵ȥǱãʱСģұĵˣδҲܲˣȫ

˳Ӣ򼸺Щŵģ֪ܵؽЩҲ˲С
пԼĸס

ǸòΣЩŮӣܳڷ󻧣ǲûһӡ
ʱֻǸǵӣûʲôͷĶˣκ췴ˣҲʴ֣֪츳ˣ֮ʮаţһ·ûԹʲộ˵ʱķ˵ۡ
ѺѳŮϼ޸ıϣԼŮǸ

˳ӣ޸һĵĽٳּ£˸ӣҲС

Ǹլˣãһԣͷߴ̣Ͼ͸ĵսϣҲôģԳƵϲ跹˼ӶҪˡ
ʱһӣԼĸһ˷游£Щ˷ˣƯϼܼˮ

гЩ£ͱ͵ǰ֪£ƢݣŪӾҪӡϵϲʱŪԺҲ跹˼

ûãϾ͵֪һϢҪҵıҪȢĸ׳ҵãֻ˻֪һ׼ϲ£ʱѾδˡ
һûþǣϻɥ£Сϵϲ£һˡ

дӴ˼Ͷġ

һдӳܵˮͬ㲻һ

ЦЦƶׯ򲻽ȥ

ЩйĽؿһһҡ
⻻ıׯӾˣͷβûо¡

ǿһ㣬ʵأֻҵѴ۽ǷµĺۼҲˣЩԳӺĵҲǣȲ˷Z
ʱ򣬳˷ţѡ˭ǰӡ

а彣нȾϼɱϣ·ҪʧأЦЦͬӡ

ٿȻ˸£ڷһ㣬һɱġ

ݸ



ǰΧĻѽһطյû硣

ˣ˰ѰͷŴ

֣СӽŲ鸡ЩǱعǰСɷףǴͷŴ˭ҲһǼǿģ

пӣǸССİҲ죬һǳǿģûһҪӵͨ졣
˷һ˲ߣǺܿǿ

ͷȥ˵ɫ֪ⳡ־Ľ֣Բ뿴С
Գں֣滻ˣԸ氢淳ʤ˶졣

˶УģпԿһ˿˵ӰӣɴЦ˾һıãһδޣһ

йǰĽʿԼŵĲ侲ұá



޴ˣһ·۽ݳǣӰƣǳ˱˶ڹױ
˼ģݵĴʷİѱﻻʳչ˳ܳԵĶ֪˶ٰա

Ϊ˶

İ޼ЩϷˣׯǰܾãˣ׾پͽռˡ
ʷС檵ĴûüɱѾѡԼҪĶ

ʳѳɽ߶İҲѳɽЦһ˷ȥ

ﻹЩݴʷ᲻öƷ޿һƴСͨۺĺ«
ʶؾ˰

«ֻôСӻϲĶֻ˻ᣬתӻСϻ
˹ƶˣţӢûʲô飬ƼΪġ

ⱦʳ꣬һɢ˿ؿǹɳĸоɢһЩ
ûڲżŻŸĴʷ£ƵģˣѶûõĴʷͷ󺹣ЩشҪú

ȻֽһˣȺҹﶼû˯ѵʿסԶԶһۣԪס˴
Ŵ󴸣Ԫ˽
Ԫ첻֪˶·۵ѣղŷ齲һ飬ӣûоȷ

޷Ӧ˺һ仰˼ǰҹɫããϣܿƵر֡

һһƾʲôȣ




28.     ҲߣҸиߡ

ڷ븮˯þ, ߴѬȴƵƵ, 巢, ƣ˯ڴ·ϡ
ڷ븮һʵĵط, ֮, һʮֲ͵ˡ

죬ҹ, СҪҷ̡СŮôҲ岻, ޵ɤӷơ
˶ȥˣȥңѾǲ֪Ǻ, ޳ë, ֲ͡

λԴӱͲ, ˼ҵ, Ϸ˲ãһиʲôõ, ʮġүֳɽˮ, һʱûӡ
ѾͻȻסڸԺӵĴү

ٴδﾪѣŴͼѹ˸ĬĬСӡ
Ůžžવ, ޶ڱ, ǿѹƢӺԣޡ
ˮ۾

, ڱ˼¾ͰüЦطؿڣŽ˾̵ġ

޲֪ΪΣ֪⼸ѾҸµģ˯Լϡ
Ĵϣ˸ԹԵСˣ񾫹һƯһȺذޱ˱۾ظеһɰ

ҹ޻ǾˣμʬɽѪμѹԼϱʬ壬Ҫг
ؿڱһѹסӣҲˡ
СԺСգ۾ѧڰ߽ԣޡ
Сһ޳غ˿СȵľӣԼ

ôôޣʱҲСǸʵС꣬ŰЩ֣յСѾЩˡһСͤЩĵض

ʵͲôޣԹɵģŸ㰲سԣǸϲСӡ
޹ģ֪Ϊʲôô

ͷһ˫۾۰Ͱ͵ЩӵŸ硣
ɿ֣ͰͰ͵ظǣȥްֻýס֣ü飬ۼС˵Ҫવˣ޾Ͱ

ŷ۵羱ϴŹظðβС¡
СŴһȺعڻޱܣһ˫С־ͽرľӣո羱Щǻ£¡

Ů޵ÿϵĴԣѾµǲŹ˵ûҪŮɡ
Ск򴽣֪뵽ʲôּ޵Ƥˣӵزǿɡ
ƯСú±˲׽

ĬصᣬЩڶˡ
ĬһᣬҪ«𣿡

޽ù£صͷҪ
ް§һЩѾʼԳһЩӢ˵֡

Ҫ뿪ʱ͵͵Ұ˯ԺİѣССˣ۾Ӵ˯ú˵ģϸϸؽ硣
ҪҪߣ޵ԺҪ˯ȥӸСУ˯

۾ίίأᶼҪ˸ʲôجΣҲߣҸиߡ
޳ĬΣӸ⣬û

ͷΰѼ䣬Ȼųһһĵġ޿ԵһʱҲЦˣղԣʶô
ͷڴߴˣްӸ£ԥһᣬӢǸаƵĺ«

Ԫֹߴ˼ΣŻȻеһɻ
ؼңһҵˣҪ

޻ͷ۷ͷݴʷ׷ᣬʵһ˿ᷳˡ
ڸϻׯӵ·ϣֳַʮȥɱ׷

ʮۼҪҳһ˰βʣܣҪҩ𣿡
޴ߣǹӽʧˣׯӵķƽصͷƢܺõ幫ӣ˼Цڻȥݸʳü𣿡

ֱԼֱϷˣˣŭԣ÷ɿ졣



ʹѾǲܿƵش˸ƾðһ亹ֽű䣬Ǳ˶ˡ
ͷ˿ɫ

֪ļˣͻȻ𲻺õԤУץס֣ϵصοӶţĪ£Ī¡

ӶľģŵɫӲţϲԼȴûʲôܣ侲Сʱ
ڶʱĻ䣬ǵõĲ࣬һǵø̣ﶼƵƵعˡ

ûãʹŴһȥ˽ϣһСޣھǡ
ϷʵǺϲü¶벻Ǽʹ棬԰𾴣Ҳġ
֪º磬Ѿǽ룬Ѿôһ˿ζŮ

ʱʲô˼֪ǸõĴʡ
֪ʲôʱ򣬰ѾԼźƵܵúԶˣϴŷŻˡ

Ӻ߿ǣһûʲôϷˣŷţЦ۾ˡ
ϼҲǾϲҪЩЩ˼㡣

Ͼͳ̾˵ͬҲ׽ˡ
֣۵ӡ

û죬һ˾ҪؽˣϷڶţۿǰû飬ߡ
ź̽ͷϱ˵ףҲȥ
ǵϻԺ󣬹ףĵס

ֻֻЦЦͷҲص뿪ˡ
Ŵϵļϻͷ

С죬޵ˡ

ȭͷѾǸˤӵСˣԼԼȥȥκεط
֪ЦЦûֻͬԲ椴ɫ

ǰϣеĴ𸴣Ϸһ󳱺죬Цá
¶˼ֿϷȻгģɶǳ͢ıȲ˭ܾȲ

Գ˾໰ܽж󣬱øʵˡ

Ҳûԥ˰ѷ˳ȥ

ű˷ŽһԵӣΪίҪѾߡҴʱҲӭоһ֣ЦеҪ˵ʲô
ޱشˣһںڰ˶졣

εؽԭأһᣬȥһԵ￴ˡ

ֶһվǰӰߴ󣬿Щ㣬棬֪кָ̣
һҲûп֪ҲûԼ

ɫȻΪܣӴ֪ӿϵ⼸ˡ
˽ԳҲ˳

ѡɡЦ͸Źɶ⡣
һԪ۵ĳӣһԽĶӣдѾ֪ʲôϷˡ棬ֻһ٣úɽ˿ʼж
Ѿûˡ



֪ıǣȥ˺ߵС᷿Ժ󣬰ģſڻţһʱոγӣϵ֪ĺȻϵӽ⿪ˡ
ĥôŪһЩתһĶ˰Σ֪Ľ㣬㡭

֪ߴҲʮˣ֪ǻ书ġ

ȳȥŰɡûᰢľȣ֪æְӽˣӴѣĳ
֪Լй£˵ȻԲӣù

⿪󣬼֪ô죿ôˣʹ֪ز¶ץסҲֲ˺á
֪ĳһЦūȻҲҸطūѾҪصĵطͷ߰ɡ
ȥҲǿеġ֪Щӿ˲֪ȷʵʵض԰á

Ӵ˳ȥһʱ֪˵ʲôæӶӰ½˷ˡ

һ䣬ֻηͬԲ椴á

һᣬ˿֮Բڽӵؿ֡
Բ椺С

ͷһӰСԲǲҪ
ԲСҲЩ⣬㲻а壬ҲҪﰮ֡

ԲϲһЩ߳ܵԲ椣ǰֻװ׵С
Բ𰮹Ǹˣæصͷ𣿡
ԭСӣϸһ˿ΣѹǰԼƼˣǲиԽĹ

ִׯʱ䷢ֵġ

Բ椲֪£ֱͷɵظǹġ
ϲŽ֪һӳȥĴӴ￴֪ľȻѾ뿪ˡ

ʱ˽ֻԥһᣬָֻÿӸԲ椣Բ椹ԣҪǸͬһĴ㣬ͽҲȥ
ԲƶǶصͷԴ˵ȥȹˡ

ׯϵ˶ȥˣׯﾹȻûʲôˡҹɫǽǸȥûһ͵ˡ
ͰĴľ£ȻԿһССĶڣűӣһȥ

˹˿ͳҲ
ѾˣںɽͷǸϴһʱ䣬ʹ˻˶ΪˣͷĻԶһĵط

ûھͳɽܣͷ֪ıߵıܺ׽ץסˣ֪Ҳ֪ȥġɴ⸽ҸСɽȼ죬Եȵ֪ġ׻˵ºڣ˭뵽⸽أ
ţҹɫǰУ϶֦˺üۡ

˲֪ãͼ㶵ػͷȥ֮ׯ죬·˴˰졣
ͻȻ˰ʶͷŵòг
ƣ

ǻëӵϣԻͷһ˺ܸ˵ӡ



н˷˻彣ó͢һӵϡ
˵һ飬ûѡأֻǲϲѡ

ׯӾͲǾ͸ɴ඼ֱԸ⽻ˡ

ռһׯӣЩס޵Ұأǲ㣬ͻŰլԺ

૵ˣˣͲɱ⼸𣿡
һлԪԼңǷҡ

гŵף⣬ѡɡ



޻ʱþײ͢ıׯﶪѡ
æͰˣգЩĵﲻˣˣԸˡ

һׯ˶ͨ𣿡
ֵͷׯıʮ꣬ӦԷׯͨ˴ذ߶ʮִݣǨںɽˡ

ǣ֪뵽ʲôüۼЩɢǾͰҰɡ
㶵̧ͷӵ˼

ȥǡ޵ݲ¿飬ֶ²˿̵ʲô顣
ȥ˳ɽּ˾䣬ҸƯЩԺӡ

ԲЩеأ
ȥɡЦЦЩ㲻ϲںɽ𣿻˺ܶѡ

ͷе㻳ɵأ޻ûҩЩô졣
˵ü޲ֻǿׯǰššü
֪ﻹиҪ




29.  Ȩ   ûһ˵

ѾׯЩ, ҪׯӵòܶǺģɽϰûл, , СӰ, ڰ·ڲʲôһ, Щ

˴ƣЩ˿ûһԹĻ, ˵ǲܵġֻӣҲǺõġ

Ƽ˰ȻǸ˵, Ÿ첲Ůתƣʱʱġ
ĬĬĶ, ܾø, һʱ֪˵ʲô

ۼĻ⼸, ż, һᣬ;ȥ
֪ǲСĻ, ˭ŵ, ֪ǲӲ
޸֮ɲʲôóǽؿׯ, Ҳȥׯﲻֻ, ĸ档

ȥ˳ԭ·أ˭֪ƾȻҲˡ

ǰߣͻλƸ, ΧǺںģƻʱʱ£ֲ˵ʵЩˡ
ߣҡͷԣ

߰ɡڰ֣°׵СţСĽд󵱼ҵץ㣡

ưҲ֪׶˼ȻҲ尢ڰ֡
ģģ˺һᣬӦԺ󣬿Цõѧң
ƺһһ˫۾ǳԻգգЦģ

ȻпֵƤζЩ㱵ҡҡԴӴǳɾ˰ɡ

ٹԹԵǰߣȴ֪ʲô裬ŰȹӲߡ
ɿֱҪڷˣ㵽Ҫʲô

ƿǰߵĻ⣬ֿ˿ǰװ׾࣬һ˫ץԽ
żȹġôһ⣬Ѿ´ˣҪޣҪ׷ԼĹŮɽͬӴһ

һһｩһᣬԶԶһЩϤ
ƣģ

һϲЩϲԭر˱ģе磡⣡

Ǳ߸OO@@һ٣ſٳ߳ΧĴľֲһߴ˫֧
ƣ㳶ʲôøߣţһǺӡ

ҵ˿ɽͷ°׵Сһ㱡
ƺߺѰ°ɿˡ

ֱҪӯˣϵεһЩҲ⣬磡ô⣿ׯŻ֪𣿡
ͷܵӣҵȻ֪ˡ

ôȥȾȻ𣿡Ҫˣûʲôֻܸż֪Ծȶˣôܵɽˡ
ŶЩذڰڴӣʵȺˣׯ

˵ǰԲȻҲˣͰ͵ظʣǶȳ𣿡

һȻŴҲʮֿʣգһ˫ʪ۾˳ؿŰ߰ɣҪȥˡ
һ㶣ʵǰȥģ
ǡ

ǰҪȥĵطһʱţǹ˺ɽǸ𣿡
ͷŴЩ㽵ռ𣿡

ǿЦЦһﻹռѽ󵱼ҵҪҲȥǣײƤӵ¡
Ŷһˡ

Ӧһ
ظҶˣ߰ɡ

͸ˣǻǻعЩҲܺߣ󵱼ҵĲңǾҪˡ
ʹǳᣬҲûа취
߰ɣһͺá

ҲȥˣѲҪҸԶĵطһʱ飬һҲԳһЩǳ˺޲ܸƽü΢΢¡ޡ
ôһ⣬Щܵţûмˡ

һǳȴ֪Ȼɫ࣬ûҪ޵˼ʼ磬Щ˵𣿡
㶵صͷЩᣬȥ꣬һ¾ǡ

Щ秵Ļ̧־Ͱ̧˼ϣ߰ɡ




޵ǧ˽ׯӡ
滹ׯﲻϳüȥȰû취ʺ죬·عⷵһϡ
Ҿ⣬Ҳ⡣

޷˴˰̧ߣרĶԸǰľ档
Ѿչׯӵ֮ԺӶѾˣһƬ𺣣ܵؽֱԵЩĶ
Ҫյ֣һЩʣĿԳ伢ĶҲҪûˡ

ʡ˳һᣬЦһһ͵ݣһͻؾǡ
в²ҲûҪںҲ˳ֵ顣
ԪؿⲻǷŻɽ𣿡

ĵسҩǸˣҾǣԺҪúñҡ

Ԫת˲޵˼æ˻ʹԳ
ׯѾˣ޻ȥԺһһЩҪ˵ȥ

ׯֻʣ»Ժ޳˰ϵߣһ³
һƬǽׯӣʣ˾ģ

мׯѾһ룬Ҳûгˣü
ׯϵ˹ҲתˣȻ˰

˰ׯӰһ㣬˳ס
һԵĸȥ

ׯһֱû˳̫࿴ҲԼӸųȥˣأоͷ̫һ⡣
˵Щͳˣ˸ҽȥ

̫һ˾ջֲһԴȥˡ
ӽҲѽˮ飬Ҫиô̫źһӣҲŲˡ

˳ׯӵС·ȥˣû߽ȥһЩͱһȺŶ̴˶סȥ·
һߵˣĵϣȻסǡ

޿ŶˣЦ˾

ȻߣʹˣɽҰˣõĸŹӣѽȺ˵ͷͷ
ţҲòţһߴһ߲᲻صס

˴ˣһʱĬˣڻж

пãɫ˰ҲЦЦĸоׯӵˣ

һżɽ˾˷ǰΪ˾ڱҲȵˣ˾פڴˣѲΪ˿羰

Ҵׯӣδޡ
ʣ쾭һ㣬ټˣһʱûտãȻҪһ

޵ͷǳͬӣ˾Ǹˡ
򴽣֪뵽ʲôһ˲

˴˰̫ѾЩˣôˣͲ¶Է

ʱͻȻһˣӶ󷽼صǰγй֡
ӣү˵Ҫָӹ١

ޱ飬
Ƿˣ̵ʱָӹ١

ҲЦү˵ˣӾȻˣո˴Ϣ˵ԹҲȫͻȥˣһһ䶼أģԺ취ǡ

̧ͷ棬˸ŰףֻԼ޳˹
ս
ѱӸ٣˱Ǿͽҵ˽

ٹͷ͵ȥ˶סׯӣֻ׼׼

пľӣƽȫǷҾָʹ˾Ͳġ
غ˿Լƽ

ҹѾ˺磬ô̹ǵ䣬վǧ֪ʵֻԼһˡ

дС֪Ȩϣ˺ܶ飬泯͢ӣԪۻʱ򣬼Ҫ£ΪԼ㹻ȨƿסԼҪġ

ƮƮһ仰ܽеʶԶԶԶԶǿ󡣡

г˱һ
ҹ䣬֪ģ֪Եúòãûչˣûһ˵ᡣ
ǣһӳס࣬ûа취Զ롣

ֻ뾡һа취Լǿ

˵ıӰܿʧּ䣬æȥ˵һ˲֪ȥˡ
ЩģҪһȥǰˣû»ãҪǳʲô£ǸոȺµСආɾͲˡ

ЦЦзִ硣

ۼԷ˱ˣԪЩ¡
ׯҪҪʤ׷

޵תͷȡߣǻҾģȻ鲻ᳰӮŽгʤ׷
ԭʱ䣬ˣĻ˸ɣڹׯ˶ռݳˣȻܲ򲻴



ԳǱ廨ߵģŴƿڴ
Ǽüͷһ£ֻûһһҹ·

ԳǣֻҪһ뵽Ƿˣ;Լϵ

һᣬͻȻͣԳæѶϣ洫ϸȻԼͷ

⣬곯˺ƵЦЦллλСֵˣٹ̲ܽƣȮӴׯϣðˡ
˶һۣ֣ԽԹˣȻѾ͵⣬ҵȻŻȥ

ǽ˰ʳ뼸λЩأҲллׯ
ûͬʳֽһµԳͼͷҲصˡ

ϣ˰Գɰ󣬳
ԳɿԺվԭػ˸첲ֽţ״̲شߴ
Ĩ˰ﰵ䣬ɵ

棬ҹＲ˿ŶûεĶӣһ֪֪ʲô
ԳһЦЩ겻֪ζ¡

ڶҵסĻͷɫڶԼҵ
ԳһºôˣںɽѲߣһʱʧֽץˣѲҪҶڶﵱų𣿡

һҲԼд꿴ۣǸʢģ̲סЦһΪҲ֪ʲô
ҲøԼǸʲô˼ŵϺ𣿡

⻰һδصġ
Գȭͷ꣬۾ðŻһһƨ¡

Цһ̧ȾһţߵԳײڣֱֱطɳȥˤ·ϡ

ͣҲͣǰȥЩҲ֮ƮԶͣԼܻɡ

ԳƽϰˣͷڵϣԶȥޱ˾໰




30.     󵱼ҵͬǸ

ׯձ, ޿Լסʮĵط΢΢
ɽǻãһ, ݳǼ۶ȥ

޽ǵʱ, ɫȻҪ, Ԫͬɫɷ׵ĹԱڳǽϡ
ֱ, һйԱæӳǽͷػӭޡ

ЩԱҲһʼö, 

ǸСǣһʱܵıſǧ, ʷɱԺ⼸ƽﱻʷѹһͷС, ̾׼ԼһƷ, û, ʹԼǼٸ, ؾҪȥˣһ⹦͡

Ԫżǧ, ϢؽǴΧ, ˾ɵۣʷƶûУһǧղ˵Щˣ϶մѪ, ǳЩҷԱȵġ
˶С, ȻǱҪǼ̾ͻ˸ͬԪһ𣬰Ͱ͵, ޣ޲ǰȥ

ԪǼɣһֱмСԽ˲ԼҲһߡ

и˵ͷȫû˵ӣûߣÿִЦмһ·˽ģǸȹ˵湫ӣǲʱ̵Լʱͷء

޲ǣֻƵߣԱ¸ˣǣظϺ޲Ц仨

ݵطƫƧ߻ʵԶİûٽЩͷĹԱѹƽݺãӵҲǿȥɽ˴֣ʳֽЩȨǿˣŮĶټ
ʬڶѲˣվ͹鲼ʬɽӡ

ˣ˵ϡ٣϶Ͻ֣ԶԶؼһˣŴ·ѹҲˡ
ҹʱǰҹ֪Ҳ˵Ļ

ƽγǸƷ֥٣һҺʵ࣬Ǹʷ̧ñģֺ˾ͬŶΪۡӣƽγҲʮֵϵʼΪЩǱ֮ˡ

ԭԴԺѾǵһν˴ˣֻǿסˣΣʷն£ЩջȻ޵˱Ы

ƽγĵֻǡһǲ֮ˣطǲķ˻ֻǲ֪ļҵĹӣ
ңԪԸ̰ԶԶܵݣЩԱȻ˭Ȩ˭ӣɫÿĺܡοƽγûټˣûһλλһ㣬ӸݿʣǻûŹ˵ĵ̣سɹӡ

ЦЦδߣ¶ȷʵΪ֪ǾͲǣ
ƽγһ㶣ӶǺЦ֪˵ʲôһԼûϻС٣˴˼üŪۣҲûȥΧ

޼״ҲΪֻػ˻ޣԼıְɣǲ̫á
ƽγŹ֣ͷϵ亹ѥϣöУҵȻȫд

΢΢ף͸ԪתһСת˲ûټֻһйԱ

ڼͷҪߣˣʵںץ廹ΪͬϷ
ذؼͷԺ󣬻£ýаȥһ쳤ۣɳ


Ҳˣôƣܣһƣͷ
һҹδߣҲǷѣͷҲε߰㣬ʵڳƲϵ壬ģȻڼˡڣֻ££ڣסӣʱ̱㲻ٹˡ

ʮ꣬ûʲô£ԵǶʱиϴܺãֽѣԼʲô˵ġڣŴ󵱼ҵĲﲻ֪Ϊξ;ѹԼʵЩ
ͷһһ͵ػε侲Ժ͵Լ̬һСˣ飬ܳϣҲܱڹӱܲܽ⡣

ҪҴ󵱼ҵ˵ֻܴ󵱼ҵ಻ţԼ̹ˡ

Ժ󣬰һ˲࣬ۼ߳˴ɽɴҲŲͣһ·ʯʱʱαŵֻʮĥ˵ĺӡ

ŴҲǳɽϸϸôһˣӿžĺܣܾԼ˵ĻЩ㷡
ͷѾ˵ģˣøߴʣȴӣȥ¼š

šŴƵظǣ˺ðβֻܸɰͰ͵˵һͦõġ
ɷµصͷ

ɽ徹ȻƵߣûҪ˼΢һ£ߣҪߵȥ磬ô
ͷҲЩӣܲҼ
üܡͻȻССģ

ôĸӣͬ˵ſġ
̾˿Լߺòãұ֤ܡ֪Ҫۡ

ҡͷ̾˿𶯾ͺã󡣡
˵ֻСèƵģһ춼ۡοСӰӣ֪ôˣǳֶ

ãų̿죬ֻҪʱ͵ǣͷƤ˯

ۼǽǰŴ
ǣ±˼Լ̬æӸסգĴ°һȦſţ㶵ذ°ڷˡ
֪Լԭȵ뷨ʵ̫ǳҪһҪǶǲܵġ

ֱһճǡ

ֵͬľȫһϵӶŽգ·ϼûɪ÷·סһ㡣

һǣиſڣֹֻ֣ӣҲҶ࿴ͷǽԺӡ

Ժǳһ˼ҵԺӣӾǰģҼҲᣬԺ޵ļΪ£һСʮһˮƷֲԺ󣬾ԺʷЩʳһǨˡ
ԺװĶôһ£мΪҪһ㣬ԺӵķͬһУ˼˾ͷ·˾һ㡣

ûܻ𾩳ǵֻŵɫףС󵱼ҵǰ𣿡
ɲС飬ɱͷĴ

岻ԼҲûԺӣأ˸ͰѰһʯϣͬһι⾫ºÿԺӣ˸˱ʳģҲƣϴŵòˡ

Ѻڴ˴ʱˣؽˣһʱӯŰֲס󣬡ѾͷôһܡɽϵҰ˵˴룬ѱû⡣ְŮҲһҹδߡ

֪żһʱסˣǱһ£ֶЩӵġ
ٽӴϸˣЩĽ֮Ҳסֵ֣ҹԼҹʵ̫¡

˵˺һỰŷſ֡
Ժӣūһ۾;ùϲ

飬ȴЩ֣󵱼ҵģ
Ҫһܻ֪Щʲô֣̿£ӶԹûء

ﻹЩ㷣ּɴͽʰ
⸮ϻЩǰµˣֽأ

ֽ¹Щˡ
ЩƽƽװĶЩƷ黭дǼΪƯΣеļΪеֻǵƯֻЩʽǰδġ

жۣ˿ҲԵʮִȰεľ̾ЦЩׯĸ׵ļױ껹ֻ࣬ϧ˵δ¸СӣԺҲ֪Ҫ˭

ɶԴ󵱼ҵĸЩ棬˵ӦǸõĹŮȻôļױԪ۵ĳŮʱڷɹױҲȥʱֻʮֺ⼸ʮǰ³ˡǷãΪδ󵱼ҵȴأ
󵱼ҵĸļҵ𣿡ţȻҲʳˡ

ֵͷοʼãЩˣش⣬ˣ֪Լ˸ĵ⣬һʱҲ

޻ʱ򣬾ͼͬһʰ
Ůһҹδߣ죬ԹԵվ£𣬸һΣ۵ڷ⣬ŮƯЩˡ

޿ǽߣ֪ʲôá

ֲ֪ʱ޵ӰʶȤȥˣĴһԺӵˡ

Ժһ¾ֻԶ޳ĬؿһЩ£ʶصͷŴ󵱼ҵ°ڣѵЩӡ
ֻһδȴú˺ܾá

Сͷķ٣ʣʲô

˾ԼǸʮСӣǾܸܵ˾ؿԼĿʲôǾǽаֵֺĸо
ͷϴ˴ᣬɰȻ޷͵غۿ

˲Щƺ񿴿ı顣
Ժˣ޾Ҳסˡ

ſҪ飬˰ȴ֪ô˵ڣ˵޾ͽعͷ

Բ𡣡޿Ůͷƽ󵱼ҵͬǸ

㶵̧ͷۿģ޾Цſˡ

㡣
ްһԵϡ

Ϊؼҡޱߴ̫࣬ҪͷֻƯߡ

˼󵱼ҵĲΪǡ

ƽǷ·ִű
ͷɬŬ

󵱼Ҹӣס۾ںССӶסЩʱտɺã

һصͷ

ھ̹ӣҾʹ˻ȥݡ

ǰݲ֪ͣ˶ٷӣȨ֮Ҳû٣ѩһɽϵԺӣ⼸㲵Ĳӣȫˡ
ݳٳٲϢϵȵĲӶˣзZȥ̽Ϣ

ZȻҲļӱޣھǱϾͽסˡ˸ݵ˽ˣȥǽá
Z˿æתͷȥ˾ǡ

˷븮ȥƶδϣɫ΢΢¡𣬲ɰб뷨ĵ˯žڿֻǻ˾ǣǲ޷ģҲδԼҾ֡
ǿ²ֻ棬Zδͷ½ģʮĵУZԼ򵥵ܲ͸Żͬ顣

Ϻ󣬷޶˵Щ˽Ҫȥ̫̫áŽȫҶȽȥݣ֪᲻Ԫһʱ᲻һؾǣҲĲϷ˺ϡ

ZҪȥϷˣЩԥס֣֪õ𣿡
ZʱδӦʶʵʲô飿ˣӲϷˣ

ƺЩݣˡ
Z˺þòŷӦϸ仰ˣ
Сصͷ

Zعϣһ˲ӶҪըˡ




31.     Ȼޱȵڵİ񡭡

ס۾, ˿Լͨͨۿ

޺ϵذӣ˵סı飬ƽ, ѡԺ𣿡
۾øɸɾ, ϸϸ˵ѾҺԺˡһ, ־, һҪסģѰŪúܲ˼, ⲻҪѴ롣

һ֪뵽ʲô, ʵȥƹ𣿡
ڷ븮ʱ򣬼ʶС

ʱзþ, Ҫ÷Ҫ, ˷븮Ҳر𲻻ῴɫ, Ϸ˴Ͱ, Ҳ˸ǰա
һ˫СֱڱԺ, СС˸ոչ˵ϥ, أǿϷ˵֣һҪԼԺһ㡣
ҪҪƻƵݵ, ͬġ

Ϸ˲ϲԺЩ, û˷ˮԾܾˡ
СΪհͰ͵ظϵϷ˵СãҪС㡣
Ϸ˷ʤ, ְִġҲ֣СƤۣСİĴ˵ҲҪˣա

ҹСҡѣʵظ״СŮŴŴģŹϴգ˵Ϸ˽˴Ķ޵ͨ죬ͨģ޸֡

ٵ֣֪Ǻá
ʱԼ¼ϷˣҲ֪С㣬ֻ֮ܲ

ҡҡͷ߬һֱֹûʱȥϲܹ鲻ܲġ

ѾǸ״Сˣ˶ίġ
뵽⣬˳ǣԼԺϲô죿

شű顣
û֮ǰ֪޵̬ȡǼڱ˼ңôֻԸһ֮ؾͺܲˡ

˵޾ͽãҲûһȥ

ŮյͷԶ׼ɻʵ󵱼ҵģңΪʲôĬ

ܶ׵飬ĸ϶̬ȣദʮδΪʲôȥ̽ѰԭǰΪԼں޿񣬽˺һĸо֪׹ǲںںԼ᲻ԭܵڶ˺
ǶŴ󵱼ҵģǿʳģǺֵԤУ޲ġ

Ů¸ҵƯüۼŹĳ
޴ĬӢü۱סһᣬʵΪֲؼأ
֪漰ʱĸ棬һֳѰ̽˵֪ԼҲ˵

ֱͦļһиˣ壬࣬ʵġ޵شˣѻȥΪϣõҲϵĴ𰸡

һصͷһ´һ
СĹĵؿ
ԭٴŪŮһԺȥﲻԺӣȥ顣
޷İĺɰ޵ĽŲ

øߴ󣬼米ֱͦӱŽ˺аȫУǰһᣬðǰߣģرϤ
ֻڸĴ䡣

ʵҲ֪ȥģֻȴ󵱼ʱҲûȥԺӡͬ󵱼ҵһ𣬾ͷ·һһ㣬Щ˵ġ
·ϻвˣǰģѾ϶ˣӭײϱսսŵС

Ҳ֪˵ʲôȥҲֻõûĿʼרԺӡ
˵˲ţڷ븮ŹǻŽصӣʵ뷿ԣϷ˻ÿ¸ðΣⶪ˷ҵ棬ٶľǹй涨ÿһӣûиĸûʲôˡ
ÿЩЩ죬Ҳʣ޼ûǮȥЩŮϲװԺӡ

ˣһΪй黳ԺŲŲˡ
ԺֵǰϲϻЩ˿Ժǧи;СͤԭйоصԺӣֱ¡
ҵһǺܳ谮еŮ

һиϹܼңϲ׳ŵǰ
СùƯߴȴҲѿǸΪʵӣ˼СķȲҿڡ

ڰĬسʾһ£ϹܼŴŵӵ˿߿ԺﻹСҹʳɷˡ
ϹܼƺˣԺӵˣƯСӵü٣˼ȻСԺһˣҲżҸÿɽȻҪЩ

ԣһ˫Ӷڷ޿˻ƿ񣬵ϲǾˣ
Ůͷϲˡ

ˣҲ˹

ѡԺӣһǻѪȻȻһҪ飬æޣ󵱼ҵģǲǣ
Ļ󵱼ˣ붼ûк³ദôãô󵱼ǸԸãﶼܺõˣд󵱼ҵҲ³

޲֪ǧذת˼ֻصͷסŰɡ
Ϊ³͢ƽ㲻ߣûܴߡ


ZòھͣסˣܷĻݡ

ZšԴͷ͸ŹŹ֣Ե޹ʵأΪҪܵԺȥZƽҲóǳõûһദüֻЩ֡

⼸ھüΪңз°ߵѾ÷зˣϾǸ龰ʵ̫̫࣬ʢ죬Щŵ˼Ҷ֪ˡ
ҵĴӽǷסˣԺûʲôͷϾδǰ£ֻԼã¶ҲˡһʱвֻϻҪ䡣

ټӳٳٲ¶棬·˼һ㣬һ죬һʲôϹĳΪһˣһٴ

ΪʲôҪȥԺӣZһ顣

ŵѾǶȫ˾ǣʱźߣԲ˵ӷеǸˣɷһۣ˷׷׵ͷ˵ʲô
촳˻ȻҪȥ㲻ҲͰˣңﱻԴ˵˵ųɤӾҪޡ

Z޻˵ﲢţǼ޿ģҲֻɫοϾʮãﻳǻɣվֻǻɣڻǺݲġ

żZһ㰲οв˿ΪZȻˣЩ⡣

ZϰοȴţҪҸʱ䣬ЩѾͨͨһŸղɫZҲϹģȻ֪й
ֻûصĵط룬ûֻü֮ġ

ĸţ㲻ɽ˵ƣ֪𣿡Zǰ߶Ű䲻֪ΪʲôסõģȻӾ͵òʧˡ

Ų£ֻصͷ۰ģ֪ҲὫô
һˡ

ǰճϯʱһĹӣÿʣҲãؼǣƺʮᡣ

űĥŲ֪ʱټһ档



ʱͷˣԺһ룬ַ飬š

ʱǰӿ顣
ׯﲻʿһЩ棬ΰҲǸ⣬гԭеİգҲҪǻָնڼȣвЩյӾͲù

ˣüֻȥϢɣЩ
ЦлūӺأׯضǡ
Դϴ˵飬־Ϩǹýģۿׯ飬ĶãׯҲˣɵһŴϵҸȼˡ

ūŸͳʳӲ²¹ʲôֹһִ
ñֽдʲôһϵʵʲô

ЦǧأҹҪ˯ǧϣôͷҲɹ
ЦЦȥɣʱ˾ͽȥ˯ǧͤ±ߣҲɹ

ּ˵Щ޾޲˼̲仰Ͱˡ
Ϻƽƺؿϵ顣

û취ˣ̾˿ˣ˶ϣճɻӵġ
ǽͬ˷ˣ˳˵ˣո˵ھͺˣ֪޲Щ

޹Ȼͣ˱ʣ򴽣ӢݱͶһӰȥɡ
֪ʧԣаգŵȥˡ

޲ԼĸףǸƯĸһ޵ӣʮִȰʱ̫Զֻ;öǷʹ
ҩϵ鷿ʱһ㣬ֿ־

ޱߣȻޱȵڵİǧҹ




32.  ȥ   һ꣬ZѾ

ݳȻƫƧ, ҲׯϾЩֻס˳ⲻҪ鷳ࡣ
ׯͷùЩ, ֻĥιӱ, ǵݳ, Ͳһл顣ο, Ҫڳһڽʵģ

ЩСٵļҾ죬һ, ûʲôͷ׷׵ϰ, ˺һ˵

Ҫƽ, ЩȨȻ, ֻ˵, ͢, Ǹǰʵʵбˡ˵ˣʷնϢѾȥ, ͢͸«Ƶ, һ㷴ӦҲޣЩʧ֮࣬ȻҪΪ
ֻǸûиŮ죬Ȼ޴д, , æŻҲǽͷö

¿֪ġԴͶ˷ֿԺ˾Ҳû, Ҳ֪֪ûӳȥ
÷ʱޣùƬźϿֻ˵Ů´úܣҪģ

ԹԳźҲɵȻܲ³֪²һ򵥵Ůݣֻ̫أΣϣ֪ĳ¡
СʱһԺϷŵòᣬߵѾͨͨˣ֪ľǺӣһͬģֶ꺮ů΢иʲôʹ֪ĶͬܣҲǸʯĳˡ
ֻپҲãֻܽ˼ǰϡ

֪մڸģֻǳǲ̫̫ƽҲûʲôͷ޸ɴ͸˸ģһ𶺺
ţ͵øӣ˳Ҫ顣

Ժ󣬰С˻ᣬ־źһһԺӡ

һʲôԼȡҲȡøãǸҲãӶҪˣ֮ҲһõģԺû֡

ݳǱȾһЩȣҪҪЩʱܾˡ
֪ãֵ֪ռ;гкȣҲûǰȵ˴ǿܵġ

Ժͤڷڣ˼СǣЩװ㣬ʱĵطˡ

ӣаԼһСֽддһ֪ûЩʲôʲôĴǡ

ӣһһŹɵţʵֵͦģȺ˵Լˣ֮ȴϸ˼㣬һԼĹأҲǿϸˣǴ̸ֹжȣҪϹֻ۾Ǵɵġ
ѩһ˼ʱⲻһãȴϰΪ˲ʶ֣ȰЩзִ磬·ѾӦԹĳ档

ţʳˡ
ŮϣһСĻ
ķ٣ЦЦūʹ鶼ūȥӣӸǺ߹ġ

ֻԣȥʴ󵱼ҵģܾЩס
ּԥˣЦҡҡͷ

岻һѧһɶģҲ㣬һĹסǰٵʱ򣬲ʱ뿪Ǹ̵ŮһҪϸӴġûٰ򣬺ѧˣΣһʱ̬鶼Ůǿ⡣

ҪǽǸѧҪޡ

˼ʫȻֻдЩʮּ򵥵֡

ܡ塣
ʮеšüǿд˸ֳ

һ¾֪ԼжˣݲгһЩѧƻȴЩ

֣֪𣿡

ִ̧ͷҪʲô飿
ﻹЩ򻰱Ǵ˵֮Ȼ֮ڿڣֻһЩСʶֵǧļɡ

۾˼Ƭ̣ȥҪɣūҲʶֻ֣֪ӵ鷿ﶼ飬йҪġ
ңûʲôҸҿš˽˳ǣö֮סʷͷ߻ûأЩ̿ҲֻĹ

Ҫ˵ݣҪǽ·ն˴ʷԴס˳Ҫ׷ڳ⡣ֻȷʵͬ𼢻ģ˳ǾˣڼУͷҹﻹʳЩҲˡ

ͷҲûɡŴ̫ȥˡ
޵ԺҲվɹŸԺӣǰˡ

úã˱ͷ˵ǰղֵ֪ܣһһ


ͬĻ鷿£ؿαϣ¼˳һš

˵Ҳ򵥣ǰǳս۴޵ʧ˵΢΢ܽ˻ᵽҲʦ
ۼƲ˰಻סҪ죬һ˵ˡ

Ͳ̫ƽˣϣֻ˸һ˰ˡ˵⻰ģǸųˣЩռǣԪƨҷһȻųʤ׷Щ

ɣ򲻿ɣҵȷôЩ꣬ȻΪ˳һʱ֮죬ȻҸʵʱҵиͷ
˵⻰ǸзˣԭǺһϿѧӣΪ˰ֱѧȷʵ˵һŸ߰˶ƥУò㣬ǸʮĶˡ
Ͽʱĸݺ˴˸˲Ӷɽ޵˾ˡԺ뵱ʱٵ޽̸һ;ׯϡδңǶΪڸϿ·ˣҲûѰ

幰ֵΪϧʤڳˣмɼòʧһʱռüǳأⲻһ

ۼԽԽңֵ̧˵ӣ̼㰲

˵ͷԪͼƺʲôһˣÿʣޱȴһӵ˶˵
˶Ĭصϡ

˰Σ޲ŵԪǱߵĶɡͳһ
ǲ˼ˣ±߼˶һۣҲֻýѺ

ֵֹݳ˵طСλõˮ·½·ߣڴ˶Щʱա
޵ͷЩƣֻ˭Ȱ಻סʼŪ꣬ǲȾ䡣

ڴ˵ؾסҵȼȻĿǰûз⣬ǳнҲܺӡҲǸ֮ѡ
˵иƽγС١һĻЦΪڣѾׯ˼ӡ֪ׯʲô˼

ҲǸͷˣǽƿü壬ֺЩǣԺԶԶֹһƷС١
޶ӡ˼Ƭֱ̣ӵ´;ͽӰɣĲӣЩŵĶƷϵĹԱƽγһƷСܻУǼ
ǻмǧı޴ӣסе˼ߵȻҪߡ

ǰһС˵ӣ
΢΢ףѾ۵ĲˣĻˡ

󣬼˽鷿Ŵ򿪣Щ棬һԵԪ
ﵽǺηׯҪãкα˱ӣǲãΪշʳҲһãĪǵˣ

ԪԼҲɻţȻܸ𰸣ԥһᣬ˾δŵӣòЩô
ܽһԵԪ˵ŮòĻҴӳǲòˣܽǸ˲ƺ岻Щˡ

κԪϣδȤٶ˵һʣֻηﵽԽ档



һСŽ˶ţԺǵһֻ÷ǲ֪߻鷿

ȥʱǰдʲô֪ˣͷҲֻ̧ʾһߡ

鷿һȥܿǽϹŵһֻʴд⣬ʲôҵƷϰż飬ķı߾һܣܺһ

Ȼ䵭ǴЩͣڴߣӲԼԿûʲôġ²ЩߣȹڣСĵһԡ

޽һд꣬ѱʷһԣδɵֽɣۿһ˫۾ֳֺʲô㲻ˣ

ܽ屳ڹ۾һЩϤУҴ󵱼ҽһЩ飬ҪûҲûµġ
޵鷿ﶼЩƽ̫飬ŵؿһۣͲµƽǲġ

޿һܣʲô飿
ǧġټ֮ģܴͷ֡

ЦЦ滺࣬Ҫ֣
ͷ˸ӢԴտյģԺⲻЦ
ֻϵüֻ֣ôͷˡ

ǻġ޲ÿɷ濴ŰͣҪװ㡣

ɵɴ۾򴽣ϾСССˮһ˫۾ֱţֻдó

ȷʵЩЩطֺܻ顣޶˶٣ЦЦһҲƭȥ
˲δصЦ⣬֪󵱼ҵڶ壬ͷ
ŮЩգ۾˵ˡ

޸һᣬСţΪˣεЦЦҵȻȥѵ
̬ȣǰЩһ
̧ͷƯСϴЩһҲƭȥ

ѵЩģʧЦӢüۼҲȾɢһҼˡ

޽аȥЩ飬Լ飬ܿĿɡЩζ飬СӸǲЩģҲǵĲܵûʲôСӽƵ⡣
ͷͷǰѡ

˰ΣͻȻ̧ͷҲЩŮɣȥ𣿡



ǣԸ

Գɢͤһԣ˿ھƣ޾ɣЦͲ棿
카һСӣ˺㴫飬˽Ѿˡ

Գù£Ϊḡ֪ͬٹЩ顯ֻһźƤֻ࣬˵ЩƯûǸˡ

ȤɺЦһưɣкϷ㵽ʱҽ
Գ⼸ЩӰ˵ԣһӵĻԲؿһۣԼŵ㣬Ҫǻĸܰȴϡ

˵Һƭ˭һͬ˵ˣѡ˫˹ʶģĿҲ濴ǸСӣűĶء
˻ˣ֪㣬ҲûԸȥˡ

Գûһᣬͱ˽ˡ

鷿Գûε̱ϣϲ֪ЩʲôʱʱؿԳ

˺һᣬԳЩ˯ˣֻӵͷϣƤЦⲻЦ

Գ͵ŲӸǰһ۾ͼϰʮŻ񣬱һᣬŷⶼǾͶܺʵĹ㡣
Գһ¾;ζˣǸأϲɫһҲƲϡ

޶ԣƤһ¸¾ͳɻ飬ٰӡ

Գ꣬ûһһ໰˵ڡ
˺ðΣԳһǣ֮һУҪȢҾҪȢƯġŶǷˡ

ЦһûԳô˼ɣ˵ʲô˵ʲô𣿡
֮ǰվӣģԺһɰµģ⻭ͷһԸ޸㣬㶼ҪллҸˡ
֪ʲôרЩ˵

Գɫ࣬˰춼
꣬һ꣬ZѾȢˣﻹtmdʲô¡

ƺҪñȥˣҲþաԳԴӻ˼ңǷϣͲ飬ҲˣȻܷȥۼЧˣɤӡ

һѡ񣬰ȺѶɢˣرСӲǸˡ˹ʰʰҰͽӪ
ʲô뷨ָңԼȥ

Գޱ飬ֱӻطʰˡ




33.     Ůʩ죬üΣǴ

Ҳûҵܴʱ, ޼ʵ¿룬˵Ҫȥ, ͬŮһ˵˵ҲǺõġ

ھǾǸĳ, Ưֺദ, ٹŮԸͬһ顣û¿Ѿﻵ, ܳȥ͸͸ȸԾشӦ, ۿɼش˾

޿ݸҲ¶˿ڷȥ, ̾Ϳʼﱸˡ

ƽγǸϵˣ¶̬, ڶͰǡ
, Ƭ, ͽ֡

ﶼˣ޾ŵƻ, ˴רעؿĽøɾĲŵָ޳, ָڷ, ͶһӰһɷйĳʲôŵ
ֽ˳Ժ󣬵һʱͰѸСź, ΢˼˳, סڳиĲҲ¿

ȥЩϲӣЩѰɡûŮ, ֻͣ봩ѵģúãҲϲƯģ
ԣЩֵؿޣׯϵʱӾͽ巿СЩѣʵʵһ䣬ջδء

Ҳϲոѣ巿ﶼһڸϹ

㶣ѽؽʣûʲô顣ϸһȷʵûһ£ܾѾǺܾǰˡǰίˣʱռ˻ᣬٺЩ
žըһ£޵ǾЩΣӿⷿЩŮϲġ

ֵͷӦ£޽¹ߣЩԥӣҲ˼ˣǳŽʣҲиͷ
ް˲׵Ժ©ãҪ©˷ⲻý˵лʱעŮڣڷô

ãȻõݳϯҲ⣬֪Щ뷨ϡ
ʱͰѰãССǣ֣ͷͰ͵ʱֻҪһľΪ
ȻҲǣطңٸһңܷʲô飬ܻỤġ

ðԿЦֻõͷ¡


ûҵԼ飬ǻǱ˼ۺʫҪ屳ù졣ǲϱͽа״ȻӦʡ
ޱè󣬼죬ֻȥˣָ

ԺԭѾߣֱƺ;ֻ̣η̫ĳֻ֣о̻ǿֱۣڷźѧźˣƽԼϰ

СˣԼ綼μӹһҲ¡ǲ֪Ǵĸˣֵ˶š
Ůǰһǿ֣һǿԼˡָͷ֪뵽ʲôɫЩˡ
ͭӦһ˺ĵĹ¡

ֵһ˫ֲᷢȴһһĺã¾͸˸ûмķ٣ˬٴƵѣһɫɰȹĵŮѩΡ
ԭòһƯƫƫһ˫Цһۣ۲תԣһ𣬽˿һ۾ҲŲ

廹ͷ飬𽥲ͷ򴽣ЦôһҲ֪Ҫʲôʱȥ
Ϊѧϰ̬Ȳ޷˽գ⼸նܳţҲȥ忴˸󲻺۸ӣʵϲ֣ƻء
ִӻҲЦܴȰҲסˡ

ۿţִ̬Щ֣˶ǰϻ̳Ͽ֣мҲʮֵ𾴣񳤱۰ҲˣȻԪȫͬЩ棬嵽ʲôء
֣Ǵ󵱼ҵĸ𣿡

εûбܿ⣬ܸɴصͷѰ˲һ㣬ӴЩҲõġ
⣬ȻܺãҲòϣȷʵЩڳˡȻֵܣ忡ʵüۣʶʼ󵱼ҵĳʲôӡ

޿䵭ģزǸӵĳ࣬ЩӲӢģøߴһӢӣһͻ˾úܲദ
ЦС

ֺôˣ
ҡҡͷЦ뵽һ˼顣
ָ˸Ҳû׷ʡ

ֽһСϻӣڰױ̨ϡ
˾ټҰǨʱණˣⷿﰢסĵһ죬ӶûСԭЩΣɽＸˣûʲôܴȥ˵ͷ档

Сϻһ򿪣λƴǣЦŵһϯҲӵ棬ȻҪϸŴ硣
ԴڸϣͲǰǰ㿹ˣеЩҲߣԺл󵱼ҵʱ

ϸĸλŮʩ죬üΣЦŲۣǴ֦ͷĻ
ָϵһһƿСϸ֫֡

ּʵ̫ˣǻǲòϣʵ̳
պſˣǸ˲á



ҹ䣬ֵں

ȥʱű飬۾ڿĶ̧ۿ
üԶɽܽأڷƣ£ͻһ΢ɲر˱䣬شһƿߣ̧̧飬ʾⰢá
һȣԹԵ޶档

ʻ·ֱ··ŷ飬˳ʳ𣿡

ϯҲ֪ŵʲôҪûСӰԵģƽװˡ

ͷһЦգҲ̵ģָ档ḻͰѶӳ˸뱥
ŮˣҲ󵱼ҵĳ𣿡

һŰ˺аȫУҪ˵ҵá
Ҳãסڴ󵱼ҵļҪģô˵񶼲̫áԼѾˣҲã˵ˣ󵱼ҵ鷳
𣬰˿ʯͷһЩĸо

Ѿ뿪ҵˣѾûмˣŴ󵱼ҵԸԼãǼٵģñƽаȫЩ

ֻн𣿻ԺԼ֪Լжڴ¶ˣһ·綼ܽϲ
޿ó񣬹һŵͷգƽƶ㡣

Ӧһ

ϿʼЩ󵨵Сʼ̯ˣӷ͵͵⿴һʱＸụ̶̲̂µʱ䣬ѾʼԳһЩˡ
ȻСС𾢣ܹҲûš

޼״ֻʱʱ̧ۿܡ

ͣһͥԺǰ޷Ÿ첲δűͷֵ

һòͨӭЦˣʧԶӭʧԶӭ
˱̫زܺƣ˶ͷ˾һҲЦӭ

ɿĸ첲̬ȲУ̫ضˡ
ܺƼиߣʶŲߣһƣվһԵİסˡ
šüؿһۡܺƱûʲôɨһ£һ̻

󷽵壬ϰֻǳͷ˵
ܺҲٿæ˽ȥ

һţͽһƵִȥŮһߡԶԶһСջߣܺȥһߡ

ܺŮһǵճŮʴ󷽣вӢһƬ̣عͿǻ˵һŮֻ˵㣬вϧмЩųֻ밢Ļ˵

Ӣƶ԰кøУЦϯóǸ罻֣ʹɱζһӶĳѾߡ
ϲֻвϽãϵĹ㣬ԶиģʹЩõĸо

ϰЩ罻ȻöӢЩĻֻЦЦܽ˵ЦˣҼ˽ǿһӵĹˡ
Ӣ۾ֱֱؿػؿȥ
Ӣ˰βƿ⣬ϵվ
ֻƺģô

ǲ⣬ֻһȺСӰˣ˴Ҳ徲

ڰģǸԬСӣҲǸˬģƽӢǲԸ²Ӣģ׽ߡ

ܴĽ鲻ǿ㲻˳ۣѳԬСЩɻؿ˭
ԬԺףʷŮ

ˣԬЦЦллСӣҽа
ԬҲЦеҽܣǳһ˼ٱС٣ǰѰͽһ㣬Ҫ룬ݳǶ˼ҳԵãԬҪˡ
ټϰ˾ԬҲϲ˴һ̸Ҳ˵̾

֮ǰϾѾЦһ˵ļҾ죬˳µطҲ˼ͬǳһϯЩƽ۸˵Ĺ㣬Ѿɫơ
˭֪һžȽǴ˴ǰϲ̨棬һνŹ㶼ҪԭļСӶЩȣټϳǰиһҪͬ˵ļҾ콻ãЩҲóʹˡ
ԬճͿЩоּģûһͬܵؿһˡ

Ӣֵⷬ龰ü



ݣվڽ䣬϶亹

Ԫ̱ϣ⹷
һһų뷢ߣҲǶΪԪˣԪϢʹһСһŵҩ

Ԫ۾ˮԺɫ㼸̺ࡣ

ľȴֹѾ֪ݶٴˡ

ԪۻͿһԵĶӣȰҶТģ游ˡ

ӹЦǸʵ֮үӣжѰˡ
Ԫ۽ɫ󣬿Խֻͣǲһɫή޺޵ұزŹĹεĹ

ƺҲʮߣͬԪһ˻ƺᵽһӣΪʽǡ
Ԫֽ̧̧˵ŹһƬģΪβѹǷ˻ҲŰϻر߽

ʮ˵ʮˣʵд붼ڱ߽ǾԶõġݱҲûһս֮

ƽƽ棬ԭվһڴУ˿Ҳǰһ£Ը¾Ȯ֮ͣ

Ԫ۲֪ΪΣƺʮΪѣԥ죬˸еķӡ
Ϊָʹͱ˳ԪʹˣԽ̰ܰѶɳȥ̣ȴҽ뿪Լ벽

һϺ˵ģƺʮָмԪ۵ϻ̳Ͽֵعּ

;öӲǸ˼ͳˣԪ۱رػԺӡ

һԺӾͼüԺƥЩʲôһԿȻȰ˰ˡ
ˣЩеүƣƥͰ쿴ǲһģ

סˣֻ룬հ밲ϺƸƥŽһƥҲûá
ǻǵãɷﻹǵʲôģֻҡҡͷһƥˣҲ󡣡

Ҳǰ״ôһأֻԼ߿̲ס߶޽Ƕ׷üȾְ

ˣҪأô벻ʲôأ

ǣţ̲ס۾

׹˹֣үݴʷֹȥǸ佫ղսͱӱ߽˾ǣ;ﶼ̹

ЦЦ۾ʵӻ𣿡
һ㶣ʵûСԴն뿪Ժ󣬾ҲûϢˣ֪ΪΣҲûȥҡ
̲סˣĲԸ¶ˡǰһۣͷǰȷʵֵȻˡ

Цһܡ
оͲˣ˸УǾųһٲ

ϸ˻ᣬüŲµȥˡ
гоһЩüģЩҪ鷳ˡ




34.  ۸   ε

ܺƺЩ·, ҲΪⳡᣬϰŵĶʱˮӲ, ЩˮҲʮѵˡ

ӢȺСкеλ, ̫, ԼǵճŮ, Ȼ
˿ڹƣӢգգ۾, Ц⼸ȣҸ׾ȥϷЩ֦, ÿԶʳЩ

δ˵ԼȫӢȻΪͬһ
лܼҽ㡣ЦЦ, һԵĵľ̾ǰ֦
ǰ־ͽȥ̵һ, Ҫ˵, Ҳûӡ

ʳƶŵ, ˮŲۣ˵, ɱϾǸС, ŹƯ׺ͳʮۣһСﶼЩĸо

Ӣ״򴽣һЦЦƺЩԥ, ڳЩ, Ҳ֪Ǽ١ϵСԷ׷װ޵س߿
ЩǻҲ˵䲻֪Ǽ٣ܹ鲻Щû

Ȱ˵, Ӣѹѹ㡭ǽ°ģ
ׯǲ·̣͢ΧʧܵϢȻᴫһСӶδޣֻȻܽг͢˱Ǹݳª׼ˣŰԭǸټС㣬ȴ䵽̣ˣЩĳõģһʱ̲סЩֻ
߲Ӣ΢Ž˺ܲ

ͷҡͷտʼǴ󵱼ҵİ°ģġ
ԶЩϲڱ˱ġƯСǳ΢ЦſŲӢҲھϵСӣЩϹܼҽͺá
ǷǣǱ۸ͷˣҲ

Ӣɫһ䣬û뵽˻ᰢ˵ˡ
ۼӢ԰ûʲôɫͬõСӷ׷׶ԥˡǱŲӢиҲŲܺƣȻ¶Ҫɫһʱ䵭

Ԭ״ɰЦһӢܶ˭ֻҪ˼ֺùĵطҪżһһȺϲں֮ڣʮֿߡŲܲӢֻŰܵ˵
֣ûһʮ磬͵ˣиͬİãǰջͬһȻеǻҪ

ջһЩԺСͤͻȻ˸֣ôüĿֱߵߣλֳͷ
󵱼ҵ𣿰ԷѣһɵվŵľԼȥߡ

СͤﻹţӢȥıӰ֪뵽ʲô񰵳ࡣ

ǰ·һֱͤӣյһЩƫƧСϡ
ֻŵļյСȼЩ졣

СȰüĪڻһմ󵱼ҵӣҪҲѡһƫƧĵط

ɫشΧо裬ԷŲͬߵһ顣
²̫ȴܻῴɫ̻⣬ͬһ˽Ų

ۼԽԽԶʵôûֳأ
ּԽԽҲߴ٣ֻЦ˿ˣǰ档

˵Ҳ֪Ǽ٣Щͷ˼ҶӰ£ȻԺǶû˸ˣǲһһټϰ˽˵Ʒԣǹϵ׼ͷ

תȴײһģ˺üЩڵϡ
ǸҹСҲ˺üһǽʵʵص˰ϡ
СѾŵɫף̹ڵأصǸҲһϽӣڰϲ˹

ˮѾȣδˣСѾ߿ſƵƵ󣬰ȴͬ飬СѾɵˣǹġ

ּϻ˼Ц⣬ˣǿЩūȥǰ߸°ɡ

Ҫٲ²йھʮͰ״ˣ̾Ҫظ

ҪߣжּУСð˹ôܽйȥβūȥǰѣҲøǸ
ūۼѾЩżˣǲһжҪƭʲôطȥȻͬȥ

ȹڣҪķȥּˣһҧҪס
סڣЦˣʵڲ񻰣⸮ҲʮûйأδǸ˻ҶӶ֡
æҪƿȴһѺһʱôҲɿ

ūһ⣬ѲӻҪūδдù͡һɫԭױЩɷƺҪͬȥһ⡣

ͷҪûζǲˣѩ׵Сϸһ㺮˪Ҳܽһѵʣ֣һ˲Գһֱ˵
Ůδӣֳ⸮ϣҪǲԸȥҾͿԲȥҪǽǿȥˣֻԣӻˣɱһūŻǴ´ġ

Ǹնɱ˴ʷˣһԥȹһ㣬ͻȻִһ

ַſɣȥͽԺӻѾǡǸɫ۵ӣÿ㣬ʮţСȺ
ӺЦŰеľޣʮ̹صòȷʵҪСĽһЩ
ֻǹȷʵˣĳЩйȥǰͷԺӻѰˡ

ּӣ̷֣͡

ӺƺĳΧطƫƧ֪ҪжвŻߵ֮Զ²ͬһġǰԲҲ֪Щʲô
ٴɫһʱܸʲôţֶУ仰ͬ˵ֻžͷҲصؾˡ

ۼͶԶˣ۾ͻȻ޵ã
ֵͷǣ½ӣūֳﲢδֳʲô

½ͬ͵ͷ¶ζͦʵġ



Ҳʶ·ѣߵСͤǰͽסһѾߣȥпǱ߸֪ޣЩˣȻһ
˭֪һᣬδţ޾͸СѾ߻ˡ

ԭŻȥѣҪô󵱼ҵĿԼŲŵӣʡһЩ˭֪޾Ȼˣģýײϡ

޸Ǻ˵ƣ밢ȴŵϵľ
˼Ǳܶ࣬ôˣ

ʵǾ̣ȴͣڰϡ̧̲ͷֱ˸ˣСԭԭؽһ顣

ޣЩǸ󵱼ҵ鷳ģŲӢҲûйڼƽϣֻŲҪ£˭֪Żᷢ顣

޿һᣬȻһЩĸߴ󣬱鱻סӱǽܵأ£ڻС
ʵֻ̧֣˲ĳ
ԭŮϣʮϸŵ޳ʱۣúܳҲˮȾñɫ

𣿡ͳƽͷŹ΢ĸо

ûСҲͷſ䣬Щԥ󵱼ҵģǲǸ鷳ˡ

ûС˺һЩطϡ
ջȥְ彣ϣ˶ٲŷƶҪ鷳ˡ

ԭЩ̧̾ͷġ󵱼ҵûйڱ

ҹɫˣỹûɢס

޲ˣýӻһʮֻŮǱȹؼҵСӡ
ӣае
Ȼؼҡѡ

ȣɻ



޴Ű˸ϣţæźŰϴ

ЩﶼȱˮҲҪһԡͰˮҡͷһˮǡ
Ҳǿǽг˼Ͱȵˮô˰ԡͰܽаúϴһϴ

ѣ²ӡ
Žӣһ
СźˣҲûʲôϰߡ

ŮСȱʳϸµţһƤϸѩһͻӡεϸ۵Ĳѩ׵ƤӨǣֱϸƯŮĺܺãǰԲỬȴš
ֿ˻ᣬȷʵû˾ջߡ

ԴԡͰϣͷЩߵ֣ϸϸ󵱼ҵĴá
ϺЩƣڽˮһѬͷˣһϲӣ۾ʪؿֿ֣úЦĵغš
ۣ˭ԹЩġ˵ʵ⣬ƯֶµСӣ˭ϲأ

ҡҡͷ֪뵽ʲôͻȻ
ԡϸɾ£ڱϣͷԷΣЩر۾ĽëһСӸϡ
ƺҪ˯ˣС˵ƣͻ֣µС«˳Ħ£˯ˡ

ֳȥȥ˸ԺӣȥʱѾɢ˾⣬ؿ󣬾̹ͷ
ֽˣ޲̧ѯƵؿ

ָ񣬲δ࿴һ۹ŵḷֻ̌δˣϯϺЩƣ˯ˡ
һתͷȥĿؿẓ̌ʵһµӣ
ͷһͬСӳţͲСӱðˣֻ޿Сδ˵ķϣһ

Դӣ˰Σü



ڶŵʱѾˡ

˾ûӦǸİ˭ΪһԤıҲֻա
޲ڣͰͰ͵شյԺͬһš

Ҫһ𣿡Сˣһ˫۾ʱʱ·
һ¶˳ʦƣ¿ӹȰ㻹ҪѧҵΪأȽЩʫʱ˵ɡ
ûͷר־س

˻ᣬЩСʲôأ

Զǰһ仰Ű֪뵽ʲô̾˿ЩŤʲôʲô
գգ۾ôˣ˵ôֵֹġ

忴һ±ͣһͶڿʲôɰСһ˵㱻۸ˣҪûͬ棬ͬɡ
Ծʮֻ棬Ҳ۸

һԴȥѰ𡣡ѹͷǨͰʱ򣬿ʵûʲôʮܻˡ
˳ϢĻа㶵ؿһʱӦʲô

ôСĵһ˫۾˵ʲôڷġ
ԣЩʧЦҡҡͷ

ЩԼðҪɱ˭ǿ԰쵽ġ


ڴ¶ţſű
ķκÿ˵ҡ૵һᣬȻȡֽҪš

֪ŵɫףӣҪǽ˷ˣɾʹˡãҲȢʱ¶ŮӵΪأǴ°¶Ȼ˻ţЩѾһ

ɫһ䣬˵ʲôǶġ
ҪٸңͲҪԺźˡ

ҪǱϳԺӣҲڸϣ֪ίЩֻȥֽʡ




35.  ֳ   ۽񻨰һʩ졭

ʵ, ҲǸжǾܾˡ
Щӽϲ̫ƽ, 󵱼ҵ⼸, Ѿʮ, ҪǳЩʲô鷳, ڸϺȡ

󵱼ҵĲڼңҲҪ, Ҫ¿ȥЩʫʱˡ˺üʫ, ЩϿڵĵӣ׾ܱ
̾˿, ҲҪȥˡ

Թ, Ҫ̰, ͬСͤš

ͤתȦ, գգ۾̵ƵǰԺȥˡԪǰԺ, ˿ӦЪϢ
Ըͬ, Ԫܲġ

ָתûһͳһСͬĽᣬֽɫͬĽŵϡ

Ŀת﷭ȥؿ, ЦֵáָϢС, ЩŮҲΧһ𣬱ߴӱ߻żҳžúÿǴûгԹ
ϷŮʱ, ǰ٣ǸΨһĵŮҲڼѧЩȭŹϲ赶ŪǹЩϷʮֲмҲŮѧϰЩϷǰӲãǻҪѧЩȭŹ

ô⣬ְ࣬ӷһԣûжʣһЩܿѧˡ
ⲻʲôɵһЩѧᡣ

һɫӣָȦͻȻ޸塣

ȱԴҲϲ̰С˵ˣǴ󵱼ҵĲܸЩʲôúšʱиƵֳҲģų󣬾Ͳôù¶ʱֳֳȵذãܻЩС

ǿͨ͸Բİ񣬰úõˡ
ЩȸԾţԱÿӣٻ󵱼ҵġΪ޵ãҲĽߴĬֳʱЩС

ָˮʵѧѧ
عͷѧ

ֱʱһǿ״ʱͻȻɢˡ
ɢģЩգѧ黭֣ȴһССӰסˡ

ֿźЦѴӣڰϸϵһżˣһЩ
ϣɫϸ׵ָ⣬ŮüëԳ

ֲ֪뵽ʲôͻȻվû˵˵С𣿡
ŴϷֳЩЩЦ⣬¶СУʶһԬСӣʮ̸ֻջĴæûͬԬȷʵЩʧˡ
ֵͷҲˡͬСл˵ȻԺȤ

˵أŵ˾ƿͨ˵һԬСŰݷá
ͬһЦЦ˵ܲٲܲٵ

ԬѾߣֻһ򵥵ȹͷûֻλˬˬ߽ͤӡ
ôߵǰ磿Ůδֻ߽Ѿ֪ǸʮˬʵСˡ

æһСԬȹӣڰߡ

ձͬµˡӷһԣ΢Цùʳûôʱˣͷ̫أԬȵͷ󺹡

ԬǸлСӣһԵѾ˲ͷϵĺ˸߲ҵڼбƣʹٶãưҽ
Цˣȵشһ˵

ЦſСӣҲˣȡƽʵǸʵСӣͬԬһЩСŮеĻˡ

ֽ˴Щĺ͹ϹͣСͤﶼζ
ԬŸ㣬Ĵյߣأһء
ԬϵСӣƯ;ðֳӦҲǸЩ档

Ҳͦ󵱼ҵģֻڳȥ˶
ֳŰȥˣ´һ㡣

ԬֻǺˣźܿ˵İֻص֪֪Ӣؽˡ
治֪Щʢ˵ĲӢôȻͱؽˡ
ܹ鲻ʲôˡЩ̾Ӣδı棬һͶʮֲѺãӡܲ

ԬɷµصͷЩӢ߻ڳǰˣҽͬ˵£ﵽһ١

ֲؾԬѵͷԵģЦȵסͬ˵ʲô
ǾҪ޸ļˣȻҪʱעԬ˵ҧгݡ
ǲ֪£һʱЩȣûͬ˵

գͻȻ˵ˡԬ̾˿̹ϣҼ˭νģǿӢʮֲ˳ۣԺҪסһ£Ĳ

Ԭ˵Ԭĸǳ̫ξְߣȨȴСʵʵعȫǵı⼸̫ȥˣҺȻҪ׼ңЩĿġоƣҲܶࡣ

Ԭ˵˵˰Ůɫȹ۾˵۽񻨰һʩҲз顣
㲻ỹû°ɣ

㶣ͻȻС
˰ΣҡҡͷѾǹȥˡ

ʱԬ档

ҽʮ¾ʮˡ
ԬЦеأЩǲãҼлиʻĸ磬Ȼ͵͵ƣϲɩɩɡ
ҷǷǳаġԬԽ˵Խ

֣޸ܵġ
һȴһԶ֮ģԬùЦ
ֳҲٷ磬ǿвСҪҵɩɩҪúÿǡ

˵ΣֻŹԼ˵˵ּ֣ˡ

ԬֻһʱȥˣǰѯʰǷҪȥ࿴ֳһֱѰ˵úա
˼飬ҹ͡

һԽ˵ĶԻԬСˣʵǻû켰񣿡
ŮʮұҪٰ켰񣬴࿴£ŮӻǰҪ档һСӼʮֺᣬ࿴ʱҪһء

ְͷǺ⣬͸ҪģֻϷǶʱ˲òƳˡ˭֪࣬һƱûкˡ

˼ӵֶЩ

ҹ䣬޲ڣԼСԺš
ճԵǰСˣͷԵͻȻ˴˴ա
бᡣ

̧ͷ¿İ࣬Ц󵱼ҵģ
˴һɫĳۣһɫĳϻӣͷ㽫ոմյϻӷŵϡ
һ˫۾ֻöδˡ

˳ԣϴʪص¶һӭڰϣ۾

ŮЦúÿ˾ҲЦˣͳԬˣ
޻ŽǴ£һ˰Ժӡ

ͷһ˫ޣֿǸСϻӣؿ˼Ժ̽Եֵ˵ϻӡ
ϸ׵ָںɫ̴ľϻϣָǰ޵ͷʹӰϻƿ

Ӹ⣡ͷޣӸЩӵлл󵱼ҵġ
һ񻨰һ۽ǣüۼҲȾɢø𣿡

һСӸ⣬̵ģ˰ǸȤСӡ
Ƕûڸˣһ߳ԣһʱʱͷЩɢŵޡ
󵱼ҵĴߣǿԿóǸӢ忡ӡ

޼øˣƯȹסĸϣĸ㣬˵á
˾ͺáЦЦ

ˣ󵱼ҵģ֪Ǹ˭𣿡£˳ƾʵ
޳һᣬĶӡ

û˵ˣֻ֪ӵģʱͬһϾǰݼԪۣǴδ
ԽԽͿˣȻĶӣΪʲôأ

ĸߴļԶֱͦһֳŵȻĸо˾վ󣬾Ͳõκ顣
ˡ޽רĳԷܻġ

ͷ󵱼ҵĳ𣿡ǺͬһԷģһϣ޲ô˵ȴҲúʣΪ˾һһ

˵뻹ǲ룬ȷʵҪֻǳĬߴٰúš

һԸţ޵ȴЩ֡

Ǹ䵭ˣֻܿǲ˵ʱЦЦһˣͲߴա
ǲͬģͺͿ˵һЦҲһЩ

˵ţﲻЩֵĸо

úţ޾ҪˣĿ뿪Ժӣ˵ӰӸϸۼ˸ߴıӰҪʧתǣʶ˽ס󵱼ҵġ
Ů࣬޲ѯƵؿ

󵱼ҵڸ𣿡ʵ
Щ˼ģǰȻȻһţǰʣԼһ㡣

ҹɫ޿һᡣ
ֻù˺þòһЩϢ
͵ͷĵһֱڱ󣬺Ӧһ

ݸ
СӵӰԺӣ˽СԺϣҹɫճСԺӰӣŻ뿪

鷿嵭Ѭȼ𣬷ͬĻվ·
һ£̧ӣֻΪ⼸ǧȥ顣
˵·̣ϼ޻ûз׳֡

ͷӦ£ֵܺƽ콫еŮˣʱĹϹ˵ǳײ˸ϵӣǸġ
޵ͷҲ˵⻹ǲ⣬βЩЦЦŪҡ

ҲЦܺģص㣬ϰĶӲ˸ϣֻ˵СӼЩìܣԭΪʧȥжˣ޷ǳѡ
˻ûƽγöƣ̫ûִ硣

Ļŷ׷Ӧ͡

Ǿ͸ѵЦЦüۼȴ͸ģִЩ

ҹɫأԳӪشֲڵĵصϣˮѸӲĸ¡

һԵһȺСһл֪˵ʲôСʼ̾
ԭüԸԳ󣬲֪ʲôȻӵ˵Ҫȥģ

ʵһӪͺ֣ܲüӶѹסһĹȺСҲ˽ղŵĻظһ顣
ҪˣҪˡС˵ŻЩ̾

Գȴܺ飬˺ü飬֪Щʲôﶼ˼ҡ




36.     вڣƵ񡭡

ҹ, ſڴͷһҳһҳطŻ

ҹɫأЩ۾, ֻǾ̲ҹ, ŵؽһյСȼǰ
ЩЪϢ, Ī۾ˡ

ͷ, Ҳоȥ˯ҲЩϢ
Ժþ, ⻹иѾЪϢС䣬̽, ¡

ԬĻδһʱ㿴ʱ, Ժͷ, žѾʱˡ
⻰дȷʵ, лһΪ˹, ʮּҲ֪ǲǵԭ, дӵ, Ⱦǿ࣬Щ΢Щ¶ǵðʮȡ

ѹ£Ż, ֪ΪĪ˷, ȥ˯š
ڴͷĵƻδȼ꣬Խָҳſڴͷӡ

⽫ӳĵһŮ˸Ƿ, һûһرţҲ֪ʲôʱ˯ŵġ

ڶϣʱѾӽʱˣججڴͷڷɢţЩ󵱼ҵĳ𣿡
ּģЩĵĶ䣬ôˣҹ𣿡ѾȾˬˣ⼸ղ֪Ϊζֽűű鵹öˣûҪñΪȵ˯š

˯ˡһ֣󵱼ҵĻ𣿡
ԼҪͬ󵱼ҵһţ˯ʱﲻЩ˼
ôûѽ

ȥ˲̽¯ңõȷʵȼˣŷ
ӻûߣǲҪйú˯

һ¾;ˣȸԾʽд󵱼ҵһֱˡ
Ů˵꣬Ѿױ̨ǰˣֲ֪뵽ʲô̾˿

ʰ˾ȥ˸ھԺ

ûгʳűӷͨѾڵǰˡ
ˣʾߣ˯ˣ
Ůһǳɫȹһͷڷ򵥵Ժ¶µ٣ˬƯЦ糿

һ㣬ɵͷЩ˼д󵱼ҵľõˡ
޵ƺһ˿Ц⣬ܿʧˣ£ȥ
׼ʲôǴãյİţϸĵֳ

ҲܵˣֲæµһʱҲ벻Ҫʲô
ȥֻޣ󵱼ҵĽ컹Ҫ𣿡

һҪǻûаţ֡
ǵסʫʣдȴһ㣬ϲ

Բɶ˶٣ͷޣ˶һͣҲͷ
ϲԾؾЩɬǰʲôģ˿ȴԵĸоڴ󵱼ǰ
󵱼ҵģҵҲдòÿ˵ţСࡣ

ʵѧЩԵĶãҪĵĶͺãּǿֻ˵㡣

޲ɶ࿴ۣع㣬дһƯ֡䣬Ҳˡ

ùźס˰
鷿ֽ̿ϣվԣһᣬԶд

űʣ㷵ģֽߴֵĸо

±ʣҲߴ١
ƽ칫ĵطŮʱϣССģӶԵôࡣ

űʣúþãϸϸдĸ֣дЩվһĵؿޡ

վԣӿ
ʵҲдòС棬ܾܣֻǿȷʵûʲôŮԱʷġ

޳һᣬϳһġ
ۣﲻ֪һʧ䣬æ

ṹϸʻݽͦΣһݽ顣
£ﰵп࣬Сдãοݽ塣

޼һҪѵı飬ع
ӣŮعɣдþҡ

޽˰һΣڴߣһ̧ͷܿ
˵󵱼ҵĻ𣬰뵽ЩˣǿȷʵѶȣǰòſʼ֡

ż̧ͷܼŮüСģ



磬޾Ҫˡ

ۼ彣ͷſϣһһɬɬĸо
ȥ⹫żҵʱϷ˾ССϲôȥҪȥϲңǲòߣȥʱ򣬴͵͵⿴⹫þõվǰɬɬĸо

ʵЩһڻһֻûʧĸоܹǽܵġ

ߣñʶ˲ա

ֱԱһЩǹɬĸоɢˣĪЩֻſֱۼ
˵ͷӢüûʲô

ϲ˵һձһպ棬󵱼±ߣһòܲӢܹˣܲԵ޹ʾͽɡ

д˺üҳˣ޿˻ᣬһͦõġ
Ҳ֪ڿʲô

عգգ۾˵ֻһ˫۾
޵ͷСӵҲֵֺĸо

ŮſϲͶһӰ
ʲôġ

ֻŴ׵СЩڰ󵱼ҵģʲôʱؼأ

޿ãɫ顣

ߺ󣬰Ҳû鷿ôԼСԺ
Ҫе飬ƽæֻԼ۳裬ʱʱ

һָſۣǡ
Ȼʶ֣Ҳʶãӵıʼ

ζԼüˣȾӶ԰⣬ҲʮֺõģǽаҲˣ롣
ô̴ľͷ

գգ۾ôͻȻ
ֵ۽Ƿƣõ̵һ㣬£ūʣӲ˵˹

ЦЦᣬ󵱼ҵİ˵
ܺãﶼܺáϸ룬ƶõġ

ֿҲٶ˵ġ

ӿʼֿҲҲûʲôǹ۳ʧõá
ô

Щ˼ŴЦǿܴһӡ

ҹźϴˣۼʵʵɵ˴ϣѬȼ뿪ˡ

ҪЩ˯ģ޻ûڱ˯ţ۾⣬ܾһ󵱼ҵľҪˡʵ޻ҲǻԺӣЩɵġ
˲֪ãȵģǸЩӵóСرϡ

¹ҫ£ͨ͸ź¹ͬʽĵԽףЩʧ䣬ӽϵϣϵֽ⿪Ժ֪ڵ
żֲҪ˯ŵģΪ󵱼ҵҪǻˣ˵Ҫ˵˵

˯ʼ䣬ͻȻȹܾúܾõһˡ
ϵؾǴ˼죬һҪؽϵʱС᲻ãСԴ۾Ҫǣ֣ڰؽ
ССˣûȸߣϲƿͺƭ˵ܿͻˡ

СΪ͵͵ڱ޹ܶαӣΪʮԺҲûл


ͬȺȦӵĹԱһϯԵҹϯ˻еİ潣˵¶ʮ
ޱϯϣȥӢӾ¶ɾҲ˸ⷬ顣
ֻϯӦ꣬޲ɱغЩơ

Ǹϳʱ¸Ԫͷ˸󣬼˶Щˡ
ݹٵ˼зˣ廹ԼϯĻϾֻҪһͷǾͿԽŴ¡

ף⻰ֻһ룬ٹ֪ˡ
ĻԶһۣ⻰˼ʱҲԶˡ

̧ͷɫִ̧ߣһ
˳סϸϡ

忴Щ֣ҲǣҲû檣ôʲô
Ԫȴ뵽˸ǸȽˣƤӲ΢΢һ

ظʱѾʱҹæӭ룬ݸˣԼԺȥˡ
һӴŹǷţޣȵصɴ۾ӣūȥзӡ

ӼؾҪȥֹԥƽţȥ
ֲֹֻۼ޵ıӰ˰ӡ

³Ů޲ӷŵúᣬȥʱ̧òţ̾;ˣЩ̵ҡ

βסֻܿһģӰš
˻ߵߣƿһζһ١
ϯ˲پƣʵѾЩˡ

˳ڴߣ¹⿴Ů
˯ﻹ塣
ǰӲȥˡ

ֹӣոѳŮģͱסˡ

ˣ˯죬ԴģЩ㱵߿ȥ
һߴӰڴߣŵǳľζ
ǸϤˡ

߽ζ
˺ЦһһЩʲô

Щѹղ˲䱻ӣ۽Ҳ˯ˮ죬ǻ⣬ӡ
޾ʹӣϸؿЩɬӡ

ˡ
޿ӣͷƲסؾЦˣ¶СУЩЩ۵ģ

һĬһᣬ͸ҵģ
ӣŮ߬Ų֡

գգ۾˵ˣ˵ǣǲӦǸõģҪֱá

ţ޻λ壬ҲŻơ
˸Ƿ۽߳飬૵ұòá
ӴȥЦġ

ЩˣսһЩҪ尢ı飬ȴֻܸܵһ˫ʪ۾ؿԼ
͸󵱼Ұɣ󵱼Һϲָ⣬ģںСǡ

̫ˣ㱼ûסЦһɿ֣ǿƤлл󵱼ҵϲ

𣿡
죿ŮԺ˵λ

š޵ͷ˵ͷ˯С죬ûסЦЦ

ްӵ䣬ֽԭŵժŮߡ

˲ŮĶ
Ρ

мûۣһ˸ϵ˽ݡ
ݳǵĴųǰʱʱŽգֻмҹѲվǽͷ

ԶԶؼһˣ𾯽䣬СͷĿߺˣ

г˳һԵ¾Ͳţŵƻһöơ

СͷĿһһͻ˸ɫæȥš
вڣƵһ㺮˪СͷĿЦݼһҲͣЪֱֱسиȥ

Ƿҵء




37.     ޶ŰԶһֳ

ڶʱ, ͼߵ壬ͷ壬ڱ, ЩߵЦЦ
һ̧ͷ, ͼһ

ôˣſϻЩ, , ǿưٸī񣬽аԽԵɫ, ˡ
ֵҹˣߵʱ⡣
һע, ôҹﻹ˹ķ䣬ʮ, ԽԽòԾ, ϸؿŰ¶ͷƤ
, ֵɵɵ, ۸סŮѩδʲôĺۼ, ˿

ͷ, Цʮ죬󵱼ҵҹʱͬ˵ˡ
ŮЦǣ̹ģȻֻǰ޵ֳ, ǽһӵɻ̽ȥˡ
̾˿, ˳˳ͷ˾ͺá

۵ۣüۼȴɢŮó, Щ棬󵱼Ҫֳͺˡ
ҹЦʱľԼһʵʵΡ

źϴԺ齣ȼõ𣬲֪뵽ʲôǳüë

ֹС£Ѿϰǵ
ԬŰݷ˺üΣȻЩ棬ֻǴδζûޣѾûôȤˣǸ˺üλаԽ˯Խۼࡣ

գ磬û޵ȶá

󵱼ҵĽҲҪ𣿡Ӹ⣬ʮˬճ
ԤԺٴ򼸸ӣȻյʫΣϸһҲǺæµġ

һ˳Щͳȥ𣿡

ҡҡͷ촽򣬿ȥģβŻһĺΣҽдһЩ
Ҳ

źȥ޵鷿Сһֱǡ
ᳵ·£רĿʼ֡С£ʵѾЩˣֻ˵ⲻһյĹҪдúãȻǷԽԽרġ

û飬ҳȻ̧ӣѭȥ
ǵòӢ𣿡ͻȻᵽ

ͷСӸӡֻ̣Ǵ󵱼ͻȻʲô
޿ӣʣû뿪ҪݷõǸҪǲܾͺá

ñʶ˵գסƣβЩлл󵱼ҵģ
϶Ϊ󵱼ҵģȻӢŲŵǸء

޷ҳ飬ǳЦһ¡

ʱֳˣǰվűߣŮЩεس䣬̽Ե˵Ӹ⡣

ûʲô飬彣ɴӦˡ
̲סˣЦ۵Сѣ۾ˣ·Сġ
ӸʱҪ꣬޽˵ܻһء

޽úЦ˲ķٲߡ

ߺ󣬰̾ƣ֣ȥֱˡ

޸ûһᣬŷͨ˵иղܵǰݷá
룬Сܾˡ
ӢҪǸԼ飬ȻԲܡ

˴СʱһӽҪ꣬ŷͻȻͨԭǸܼӻûߣֳҲˣöǰ˵ǱҪһſߡ
̲סüһԵҪǲֱӱŲܼɡ

ˡɣȥдԺǰסԼϲ˽
Ȼ¶۸ˣһͬȥˡ

Ӣʱ򣬰סˡ
ֻ˲ӢһΣӡǸʮŮӣȴɫѣɫ㲡һԸһǳɫ۵ӣ˹Ӣǲһ˰춼ز

ǣ˸ö˷裬ӢǸʮֿӵˣô㲳ӡ
ӢЩԹؿŰαװģҽǸġ

ⷬ˵ǣʵڲǳĵǸҪǰ̬Ӳıֲ֪ȥˣʲô鶼˵ӢȴǸ⣬ҪûޣǾƲǸġ
ɫ΢ЩڽŽˡ

ŮҲǻɫ㣬ҪƽԶɽܽذĶüعСӣļδǿžЩȣ֣ͷǼй̲ܽϣŽ÷˴ԭ¡
ſֺãаֱü

öǴĵͲԼˡ

ҲܡµˣƽҲȷʵģǲķʱϡ
ڻ谵ĳϣʱȻ̬ȼҲǲµġ
ܹҪ˵˾߰ɣҾͲˡŮö˵Ļȴ

ö㶵ؿһᣬû뵽Ӳ̬ȡ
ҲǶòȡˣһ֮ˣ׽ΪƢҲáӢڲŻعζ˲ֻ

׼ͿͣӢȻۿܲЩˣҪ߹

ʲô鲻ܵ˵ģҡҡͷһͿ͵ƣܹߡ
ӢһҧҪǵģһҲԡ
ѵ棬Ǹ˭𣿡

ֶͬһۣԥһᣬˣ˵ɡ

ļҲ˳ȥӢһ£ȦЩ죬ռ½ͬͣĵӡ
һѾ߹ˣŲӢ˵ص
ĶӺҲûκιϵΪʲôҪǴȥأ

۲ʶ̩ɽ֪˭Ӣƽһֻ½ͶϣȴӭȢ㡣
վˣǴȥģֻ࿴һ޻ģҲǲ֪ġӢУԼժøɸɾ

һع˰ˡ
Ұ޵ãΪξΪҵԵʣҪԼĵȢ޵أΪ޵Եʣϴν͢˱Ҫ£
벻ס

ҪǸƭң򴽡

Ӣ˲ᣬֳֻŹһңȻаٻġ

ƽ￴ŸߴĬΪɿʵߴ¼ΪԵѾܺŵúüҹ˯һȾˣʹûԳ̬ӢҧŵǸ

Ӣߺ󣬰üŪӣʱʱ֡
ǣ㲻״Щ붫ҪҪȢԼԴȻǲԸ޵ģҲ޵á
ֻǣôأ

һˣϣա
ֽúЦʮķ٣ôˣüġ

⻰ͬ˵ֻúŪȥشӡ

ҹ䣬˴Żаš
Ȼʧ䣬ǻǹԹԵһ˳˷ֻ˰뷹

ɫǧϣյǧϣԺſڡ
֪˶ã̤ҹɫˡ
̲סˣǧֻȸ

СϻӣԶԶͳ̧̧֣ʾȥ

ȹڣؽȥˡ

ϴ֪ϻģ͸תơ
ʲôް彣ˣЩЦʵ

Ӹϣûȥãͷޣһ˫۾Ź˵
Ů˵

棬һᣬͷְɫÿѩûһ˿Ѫɫе㾪̵ӡ

žһôˣ
ίˣŮģʶ

գգ۾ĸϣεûЦݣӣӢԭԭؽһ顣
ΪǴ󵱼ҵãҪȢҡ

ǰŮüۣȷд£Ӣ㲻ˣ

ҡҡͷ߬ģԾЩӣҪǻҪô죿
޴ã;һ΢Щ紵ݶͽļˡ

ǸҪĴӦˣҪô죿ԼȻһ¾ͻصѡʱ򣬶ֳǸѡˣ亹ѡ
Լˡ

׹ŮüΪ顣
Űգֵֺĸо

ʵΪʲôıκζǰԼԸ⣬޲ǸмĻᡣ
޶ԶһֳѰıǵǸޱӵСС죬۾ֳʱٵ޾ѾԼ֪ˡ

Ҫв˳ĵطԼܡ

ġ˵ûƶﲻģԶᡣ

򴽣ֱͦļһ¾ͷˣŴͷޣ뵱Сغˣǽ˸еǡ
˵ÿһ仰š

£ǺܺµġԼǿ޴κ鷳Ծһ

ҹ˯òã顣ҹ￴źڰ;û֣̿µɫԽֻܿŻۼ˲˯š
˭Ҳû˵ܾԼѾǸ鷳ˡ

˵߽ͶһӰ˵Ļһһס˿̵ɫҲסˡ
û˵ʲôֲӣӿŮƽ԰ɡ

ͷ¶СУͷССڵسŸ㣬Եý

ŮߣŮ˯ˣ޾ֳţûߣüۼЩɫ
ʱণ½ͬĺܲʱԭġ

޴ˣһСլͣµʱѾҪʱˡ
ޱ飬Ԫȥš
ԪæȥţһϹܼţ˹ӭ˽ȥ

½ͬһȣЦеصУ޽ˣ֣ӣʧԶӭ
޴߹δװǻơ

˸£һѾǰ裬̬磬Ц

˿̧̧ʾѾߵȥ
Ҫ̸ʲôѾ˼޵ܵͳʱɫϸܷ񲢲ƽ͡

½ͬͳսƫƧ⣬ﶯ˲ֽţҪǱչԭ׼½ͬͶȦӳԸ;̫ˡ
ܵḷ̌Ҳøͬܵᵽ

̬䵭½ͬҲ£ȣԼҲһԣϲżɽҲˡ
½ͬѹҸ̸̸ͬݱ顣

仰ӿ³ԺͰˣüſʼۿ
ϵűգ֪˵Щʲô

ɫ޲Ŵ˴С˴߿ɫ
ŽʺѪ˳ŽµΣ󲽵ȥ
һԵԪھ塣

ߺ½ͬͲŸҽȥԼʹ죬˸󶴣Ѫʪ˰ѣѪɢá
½ͬʹôˣϹ߳ЦҲŲˣ޿̲ס

½ͬеᵽǸʵʵķӡ


븮һŷݡ

ŵ˲ҵֻҪС¾Ϳӱ޵ݡ
ľԽ΢Ԫͣ˿һ£ɫȮֲ˼
ɿ˸ҹǣϾڴ˵أҪʲôȱʲôҪеصĺ𰵰ų⡣

ڽʣѰõĹҪһᣬҲ׷ͷˡ

磬յ˾żæ𿪣һһض

ǷдãԴշZһԺ󣬷ŰЩųZŰͬһ׽ǳдţýܼ۰Լ

дöǷƽ£ͬͲ˫ˣû£зҲһµĴЩԭƲСӣϵһ㣬ƺЩϵһʵ˵ỰµҪ

Ƿ괺ŮżҲ͸һЩֻϼҹڰֻƬ˲δкδͬȻҪݺݵֹֻϿȥҲֻżĩβһ䣬˵ܺãϲҪġ

ôһãϿǣܲġôԼͬдأҲ֪ûˣΪξͣھˣһҲǺõİ
ۿ죬ǳǳҪһԺβһ䣬˵ĸ׷ү·˸ʲô֮Ϸˡ

ü룬үͻȻƺȷʵôˣƺ;ʲôϵ



լйڷǰһС۴ֵľݺݵش

峤һ뷢ȫ׵ˣѾҪʮˣֱͦ壬ϵЩ˻
ʮȥѾɫף߳Ѫɫֱֱͦż

峤ľһԣ¶ˣ
ģҲǱһźƤ񣬴۾Ǳ˵
ұϲʹɫ侲ţȷʵóܵġ

峤Цһеһ˿͡Ǹų򣬶ӵǷҵѪԡ

˱ߣ峤˷

ǿЦЦɫȴǱģܵˡ

Ѿˡ

ֻڷҴһգҹ˽ݣֱָǡ




38.     ʼĵ

, һȼŻ谵ĵƻŮ˯

ܿ˵۾, ڳ׵ؿ, Ź˰ĵ
ͷ, , ޣĽëȥ, ûһ˯ú

֪û뿪ǵڶ찢ʱ, ң˸, ͼһߴӰ, ֱһӡ
ˣ޵еơ

ڱ, ֻ¶һ˫۾, ؿˣ󵱼ҵġһ۾ܿ, ͺһ
һ, ӷߣ𣿡

Ůͷ˯, , ʶЩԺźòã
ȻûвӦģḧ˸ͷ˰ΰԺȰϴԺ˾Ժš

˼ɫȹ, һĳԽĵŮ⽿
챸ĶЩСˣ࣬ʱʱһޡ
󵱼ҵĽҪ𣿡

û˵һŵ첻ȥ
һʪˣøǿͬһˡ

ŮˣԷ࣬ѩ׵Ҳ˿Ѫɫ
̧ۿһᣬЩͳ˯ú𣿡

ͷ׾˯ˣҹҲѡ
˯úܺáΪ󵱼ҵڡ

Ȼдš޿ɫ
ôһ£޺ѷģŮִ

ִʵԼֻЩˣʱðģȻ˯úܺá

źˣǸųϴ򣬴üĿǺͰ
ϴԺ󣬳һᣬ˵Щ˼ǹأЩܾЩҩͺˡ

ϴ޾ͽаطȥȥЪϢ
ͣŮϣġ

Щ᲻ãָ´ͷ󵱼ҵĽҪʲôأ
ûޡ

Ůı̫ˣ˺ǳЦһ£ȥ·֡
ԭҪߣЩȣͷСŽҡ

ȥܳű¶糺գ˫۾עޣڰЩ

ʶһȥ˲뿪

ңڸʰ¹񣬰ھǰת˸ȦҿԼЩյ֣ǲЩҵɫǲÿ

ŮڷѩþȹһһֿƵСˬķ٣Ưˣʵڲ˵ÿ
Σÿˣɱ˵Ļˡ

վھǰԼӰ˿

ûһ˽Сΰһ׵ķķıҲһ
˰ΰڵߣͷ涵ӰĲɵ

Ҫʲôһͳֲ̧˲ķ٣ᣬȤؿϡ
ŷԼʱȻīˮֽϡ

ֹһӣڰԣЩЦôСҪΣ
ʱҲ޲ͷ˵֡

ֽӵһԣЩȣҿһԵޣֻԼ˵ӰˣŮͷǿԼȫעؿʼдһš

ϵ²ߣҲԲȡ
ֲøȣȥǰԺæˣֻо̣Ϣվڽ

ű飬ҳ̧۾ͼſˡ
²Ҫ۾дסļá

ãһһŴֻ֣ԼһƬСĹһ¾ľˣŮĵغˡ
ûдһᣬ˶ҩˡ

޷ҩ˳۽
޿ţ;ԼʡЩһھͺˣСһš

Ŵˣ޾ιһ۽ؿȥԡ
ͷԼ̵ձƼ

ʵʵ˰һ죬ӣ޶
ҹ䣬ϴڱֻ¶һŰ׾Сձյ÷ŮʪС󵱼ҵģ۲ۣ

ҹӦþûô˯컹һ졣

ްıǣˡ
һԻȼ˸ߴֿʣֱḧһ°۾˯ɡ

ͷĽëϣĵ˯ȥˡ



ڶ죬Ԭżˡ

ֻ߰ƯĲ˹è˽ӣǾŵĲڰԺй䡣
ÿɣԬ󣬡ӱĵطģſˡ

һ˫۾ģҲÿɰ뵽˲֪ĵУҲСèػԬл⡣
ҿͺáЩë׵СЩҶŻãĽǲ̫ҵġ

ԬҲ£ǿȥ
ҽǸġԬóһȾζС
պ켰㶨Ҫ͹⡣ԬᵽЩɬ

Ǿȣǰôû˵𣿡
Ԭ̾˿ҼѾ˽¶ˣҪҼ޸ļȻҪŰ켰ˡ

ԬһǸʻõСӣļʱǻܵ䡣
ϲ𣿡ʵС

ԬҿĴյߣҲŲϲǰȥֵط
Щ¶Ԭı˸͡

⣬ЩӶüô
Ԭʼ磬˵ú̹ȻҲûϲˣ˭Ǽأ

ԬԺ󣬰Щ񣬻ǽһ²ѹ
Сèô죿ҪͷСδЩɾĶйԶһЩã¹ϲߡ

СèԬӲҪģƾܲãĵ˸£룬ڶ᷿ɡ
ûסķҲԶ

޽ŶûͬһԣؾͳţҲ֪ʲôʱŻ
Ҳñˣǧϣһûһµصš

ǧһһ͵ģʼĵޡ



պ󣬰ˣһСϻӣ

Ѿڳϵˣëëţַ̧סļ򣬽һԡ
䴽¶۵СУԡ

ҡҡСϻӣ󵱼ҵģʲô

Ȼæÿֻܼһᣬһۣ߷Сϻӣò¾֪Ǵ󵱼ҷŵġ
ˣûü

˵ֱһȵذһ΢ԱһЩ򿪿
ʹԴϸָСϻӣһԲϸ֬塣

ʲôָתһȦ弫Ϊͨ͸˾Ϣ
ϲЩ棬ͷޣ󵱼ҵʲô

Ѿǰˣƣ˾һ̾Ҫˤȥ
޽ãСӲǶҪ𡣡

Ůڼʱɳ͵һԢҪú͸͸СԬҪ켰Ҳõ͵塣
ûаûг͸Ȼûһ塣

룬ðҲӦһ顣

䣬ԴڳϣؿһԵĴӡ
Ŵգһӡ




39.     ͷպһͿ

ܿ͵Ԭ, ȥȹڵİ
Ҫߵʱҡ
Լ壬, ܸߡ

ͷ, սгѹһӡ, ԵŮ, 
ͷޣϸϸסˡ
һ, һȥ

ŴЩ, 󵱼ܴƷһɿ޵ζ

ޱǰ, ž, һִԬԺ

Ԭմʮֺÿ, ױ, ʽҲòǰ򵥣ֻһ, Щŵҡ
˰ͽԼһ, Щǵǲ˺ܶˡ
ԬҺҵһ˿ţһȲס˳, ûһվܴǽ֪

ʵ, Ѿ߸裬Ҳûʲô
˵ˣÿ, ǻע⵽
ĳ棬Ҳδֻο

ƽͣöԬʱԬֻƽͣһʱûôˡ
ҷŽѾǰԺˣ˵ֳʮֿʡ

ԬͬлǳļͬòӢֻ˵ЩԬ

һ㶣Զɽܽذüֳûд𣿡
ԬҲЩ֣˶أһģƫƫҪһߡԬû˵ʵƽ޳ű彣Įв˸ȡ˸ɲڻţвŮĴﲨҲûֻ޴δӦˡ

ԬֳΪҪأ

Ҳ֪Լδ޵òڲЩܣǿܹȥˡ
ʱЩ㱣ѲֻһǰΪʲôҪأ

ʱܿɣʲôĺ磬ԬһЩûʹЩӵĸ㣬

Ԭһ֪˭Щͷ̾˿ļ겻ɢ
κǰüνļ֮⣬ĸѾѵˣٲԸҲֻܴѳȥд
Ҳֻһȥ䡣

ļóϸģһɾɫۣȣǸˬĶˡ
ļԭЩƷģһסˣĿİ֣ƵƵ

ⷬʵЩ˷УüվԬ
Ԭ˸ۣһԵһְӵһۣŲ鲻Ըʲô

ļ죬Ҳ֣׽ȻȻģĸ׻ҴЩƷ
ļǸƤˣԬҲͬ˵ʲôҪ˴ߡ

ļĿ˰ü뿪ԬʮΣĶ԰һģﲻ֪ʲôء
ļ鵹ǶĲֻǲ֪ܴʷ˶ǹԺＸˡ

ʮֲ⣬ĸΪҪ޸һˡҪһˣǱҽԺõĶˣЩҲ޷ġ

ԬЦЦһûбǿȵģҼйųıҪܼͬҽ˲űסѾͬˣ֮סڼһʽˡ
ԬҺüųԬһŮûʮֽ裬Ȼֳ谮ŽܶԲӢ»ԼȴӦġ

һЩĽ˻ԶݵķϣѾȥˣһ˹֣֮˻ѽǣֻҪȥܻҵɡ

ûһԬǾͷ׷׵ŰݷˣЩˬʵСӣ˺ƣûԺ밢һˡϹϹˮһЩĳʳҪǮƵͽȻ˶Ԭ۳裬ǰһӡ
ЦͬС˵ȴޱȵĳأ˿̷ǳҪޣΪߵ飬ҲΪֵĳʮֵ

ļЩ㱵ؽǰ˻ģΪԬһѼ״סôˣԬ˦ˣ
ļŻعֻﻹŰһᲢû˵
ЩЦЦиöǶҪ޵ġ

ļһ£Щ뵽ˣϻʵʲô
ѽһСֽ֪ġ

ļ޹ģСĵؽֽսڣʶһܣͻȻһûʲôؿߣüӢ忡䵭˲ͬӡ
ļһϣһ˲񾭡
ʶˣǸɱ̫أи׺޵ˣ˵ǽޡ
Ųļ亹ˡ

ֻǵɨһۣƿˣȺƽҪ岮ˣ°Χ䡣
ļ˿ŷԼʪ͸ˡ

޿ǸмЩۣմӺԺüë
˳һԵԪ䣬Ԫ⣬˲ļһۣĳȥˡ

ܺƸ޾˱ƣʹˣϲЩζΪвĳ̾˵һ
һʱܺˣǶޱ̬

޿һۣЦһܴҲء
ûߣʵͬʱŹͬ˲һĹ˲ֱ۾˼û˾ֻǸҰˡ

޺ƽؾܾʾá
ܺƲӣֻڨЦˣˡȴһĨɫ

϶Щ˵ϻĹԱ˿Ʊյܿ콫ղһҳƹȥˡ
ޱ˱ơ

ʱٰ죬ǸиصĲͬеĵطڰУеĵطҹ죬ֻг˼
ԬѾǵ̷£ϲüõϻͷڣ˵עĿ£ֳԬŰݼõĸĸ

ԬԬĸۿˣСϻһλȫԬᷢһֵƵԲ䡣

ϯϣЩ㽣ƵԼǲмˡ
Ů壬ޣʶСУߵ飬һֽȻ

Ժ󣬻һϯȴϯͬԬĸԬȥ鷿¡

Сһûһ͵Ԭȥҡ
СӽѾȫϵߣһ˵˽
ԬЩ˷ܣסŰûʧ̬ȫᷢʱû¶ЩԲ򦡣Сӵһξĳ棬ֲŵĵط

ЦŰοǳ壬޾
Ԭѵõĺһ£޾ҲǱȲģֻԼһЩ
գԬЩЦЦֳ˰ɣΣ

ԬҲǸ湫ӣӢֹˬʣŶԬʮ۳谮
ΣԬƺϲǣߣֳǳãֻ»û㡣

Ԭź̾˿ҿͬһˡ

û˵һᣬѾ˵ǲļ˶
Ԭýȱʲôҵ۰ˡ
ֻ֣ȫˡ

һѾһСӣǰλСӿ
ֻСװĶЩʱ˵ĹϹʮһԻһСҲ֪װʲô

ƹ棬ҲֵԬ˷һԣʮֿۣСҲû˿Ȥ
ϹȻЩСӼ䲢Ҳһ⣬ѾԥһᣬǷҵСϣһԵƷԡ

ʱǼ⣬ܾŵһЩζؿᡣ
ŮüҲԬûзϡ

ûһᣬ;ɤЩƣԬѾ߸ˮ
ɱˣ˻ơֵģ˲ô죬Ԭ;ʮֹⲻȥ

ȣˣˣȵùˡ
Ů˿̵ģƤ߳ɫشţ֦ͷĻꡣ
ԼĶͷһ㺹Ҳδ򴽣Ϊأ

ԬѱȰҪЩһҲȵģŰͬһƷ
ʵЩϵģп˼ҵƷӵģֻԬ£ȵЩͷˣԺһˡ

͵һƯΣʱͷʣΣװһƯϻ͸Ԭ
Ǿʱ˵ĿʽľµţԬһϲˣڷ䲻ժˡ

ϲҲˣЦſ鿴Ʒӡ
ཻõСһЩСԬһһ¼ãѾ߽ߡ

СʱֻʣļİԬʮҲ⴦ãҲ𿪿
ʱѾðϸˣս죬٣һ˫ӷ·ˮƺҪ߳˵ƲֱܲͦԼСҪʪˣ˶Щ㱡
Ϸ˵Ļκʱ򶼲ʧ̬ԺؾԼЩˣʮֺ޲ʱ͵͵ҩˡ

ԬڲС֪ΪΣϵģ˰졣
ǿסˣ׼ԬԺ󣬾ǣ⣬ԬҲȾ˲Ͳˡ

ɫİ򿪣һɳǵζӿ˳Լͣһ˲Ȼʼǰľģ

ԬǱˣǵҲŤ
ôˣûзӦԬЩҵؽ֡

Լһ¯˶Ҫˣ糺һƬ٣ﺬԵ飬ǰŹãȻġ

ԬѾ߽æȥ
˿ѾСϣŴſǻԬŵòᣬմ˲ˮ档

Ķ⡣Ԭˣſʪ۾ýԬƤ졣
ԬȻ˿δҩӰ죬ɺܿؽӵһĸŽŽϡ

Ѿȫ𼱻ǵļˣƵȥҴ򡣾̼泱죬Щ־ģǺݺݵһɱƵǰԺȥˡ

ԬŰʮֻ̿֡

ͻȻļЩԥ˽㻹ðɡ
Ԭһ˲ͷӦ³
һ󣬶ʱԬ˻δƣһоͷʲôණûļǻˡ

СӣԬŲţСسſһ
ļˣּѾȫڣһʱ뵽ʲôһɻӿԴЩеǲͷ

ԬˣһµϣСҵõ㣡
ļһ˲Ԭ˵书Щȴֻ𷽲˵Ļ

ҩŮմȾˣǵò磽⣬Ҫȥ
ҪǲȥҪˣ󣬲ļһʱԼȰġһЩԣǽ°ģ˵ѲǴ֮Ҫǵӣٽڿຣ֮У˵Ҫлл

ļͷȣסشŴԭݶЩĵҽȥӿɲܵˣҪǳ˸ôҶӲ˸ϵ

̫ѨͣˮĴסҧҪԬסĽ͵䡣
ᣬ˿ⲻҪĶÿ

ļԽ㲻ҪʣʱɽԽġļһݣԶһˣҲɷԬ졣

ԬŻԼͷȻһѳ
СлرȻһһ߿˷ţث֣ҽնһ۰򣡡
ļ״󾪣û£

ԬŭЦھͽ£

ģմ˼ԽС£±ǳɫȹƿĽģĵǰĹңŮ̬
ȵܣطСϣյĵط䣬űӴſǻش

ܣﶼܡ

˳׾ָԺֻŽ⿪һ
Ĵнаһ»ع㶵̧۾Եʹʪĳϻ£˳µΡ

վѾһŽպý˼˱ҪŲ߶˳ǿס˿½

ŮųȥͷպһͿ
Щίţ󵱼ҵѽֻʣ±ܵСӲҪҳ谮ֳһ

һӦþܺˡ




40.  Ⱦ   ҩ

Ԭ鷿, Ǳ׷ˣԬɫЩ࣬ǰ, ŷƵļ仰, ˵ĺȻ

Ԭ϶ɱ, ˼Ǯ, ҲһƲԸ, Ų汲ǰ㱻ڲгҸĳ·
ʱиɾ, ĸߴһɾѧЩı·ֻûǮ, õҲԬ˲, һӵҰװ׸˰Ļ, Ž˵, һ˲õգȢŮ, ˸СĹ, ͺһӡ
ֻҹλصʱԼʮֻ꣬һСմСˡ
õգֻѵһȺ

Ԭƺĳֻ, ޵ƿĿ, ȰͷŴ⣬Ҳûж˵˼
ֻǽͻͿԵõԬǰѡԼ顣ĸԸ, ֻᵽ˹ؼʱ̵ӡ

յĲЩԬ˶϶ǺﲻסĦţϵĻԬҵδ
ԬڵƤϸһΣһס¶ʹ

ףЩˮһƽԬıԶǡ

վ˶ӣԬлЩӣҪô죿
ʱݵĴԶǧ֮⣬Ҳ޿κΡ

ȷʵǸԬ˵ĵ⣬룬˼ʱı鿡ʵò񻰣Ҫ˵ſͻȻһ󼱴ٵ
һСЩŵӣһо̵Ѿ߼

ԭҪ˵Ļûڴߣ֪뵽ʲô򴽣ʾԬԺ̸ȥˡ
ԬҲæϣôеĹͷɱǳʲôˡ

̻æؽ齻ֻ꣬Լʮ궼ûһܵľŶֻ࣬Űƽ£ˡ
Ԭһͨ죬һ˲ְ˵Ƥȥĳ嶯ȻûѲļŮǱϾͷϵĹϵ̲ס

޳һᣬûԬǰ
˻һѰͬԬ˽˼䣬Ųظžȥ
Ԭ˵Ǵ˿ֻʵ˿͸ﵽǲأȻô˵

С˼͵ӰʧתǴǰһСү˴˵Ҫ׼үնɱˡ
ԬüëһһȥǴ˶סֻҪͺãײˡ
ǲδС򸾵˼ˡ

С˻⣬ȥ



޽оǰ·˺ܿ͵ԬСԺǰԪѾˡ

ޱ㳯֣ЩεѾСԺˣ˲㡣
ȾзļɫţһйԪȥסԪȷʵǿסˣû뿪Ԭ벽ֻû뵽ʹֶΣֱʤ

ԺﴫԬɱ޴ߣӢЩü۱סˣ˿
ȱ˰ų̻ظҪǰ߰ҩӡ
ԪæС˸ޣʹžȥǰԺóĵطˡ

ԺͷԬôŪֻŴ󵶿Ųļһ߶ȭӡļƽﲻǶֵطԬһСﶼȲԬñףԬǸø
ԬԼҲһӡ

ƿʱļñŴ򣬱ͬ˾һ㳯߿ͼһߴµӻ粽һޱɷޡ
˵һ䣬쿴Ųļ˪

ļһ¾ͱǸסˣһȭܴһ˵Ԭ˻Ҫ¡
ԬץסᣬȭѪֱӿ

ļ̿߳ŵĻǲߣ鷳ĿİҪͣӣңǡ
ҩǻӷģٹʱ䣬ͻʧӰ١ֻҪסһᣬ˭û֤˵Ūá

޿ڿһֻͣһۣı⣬ֱҡ
ԬҲôļ޺ͷСظָ·

޽ҵʱ򣬰ͷڴߣ죬ɵ˯һ㡣
˿һᣬսſϢ˿

߽һЩͼŮʪϣˮѺҵضһ¶޳СȣӨ·ӻЩܵĳҭȵ
˶˴ȵգ

۾۽ǵ糺ǻ⣬ֱֱغ쵽ȥ¶ӨǶһϸһ鴹ϣǸ˵С޵ҵ˹
Ҫſ۾Ҫޱκ˵Ĳ
ȴôҲŲ۾ί

Ŵһ׾СȣסŮ
һƣСϣʱʱӣշӰĺΣŹɳ̬
ŵһϤůζŮϢִŹң˵ľߡ

Сս£ڻ
Ƕģ

ԬŰֻܵЩ֣Щ㶣Щعæָָ᷿
ޱŰһ·ŵǸС˽ǸСһС̺סȥļѲ֪Ӱ

ԬΪ˻ѽͨ˵·޼ûˣŰ
ʻڴ·ϣܿͳ˳ǣԪСûнĴȥѰһλӡ

޳һᣬͦü۸һӰм˶Ҫţȥﰲһ£ѲܼΧ
Ԫż˻˳ǣֻһ

ӿٶȣ޽Ů§ڻҲȣѹԼϣӲϵĺ
ϤϢڱǶˣ˸ʼЩˡ

ҧŴܵԭѾƽЪԷ˱ȶȣϯ

Ůһ͵Ŀ޽УϳԼ˭ƿ˷ϵֱۣط˵ļϣƴϵ⣬ſǻѽ
ůϢھ䣬ŮС۵ڶ䱻ƿ׾ϸСֱϰ䡣

޵ңҲ⣬޳ϸ֣ϸ۵һһ㣬ӨСۣñֱסŮա
Ĵлȡ
ŮƵشϢֱȾһΣ˵𣿡

ܸظ

Ůðϸȵ˶ЩˣǼⶼǺãǽӦ߳顣
һ޵ļϲ䣬һһ˫ӣʪޣĴĿ޽С
ƺһܰشʹࡣ

̫ɽߣҪȥʱ򣬶޲簢ǰܡ޷Ȱ
̧Ů̧࣬ţԼķɫѪܵСϡ
Ůֳּռ

𶯡ģ̧סŮ°ͣմ˲ˮϸ۵ľá

űӣǰѣ޵ּ䰤䡣
޴ܿǳǳɫĹأżٵĺһһ
ŮʧȥǣֻŽԼһЩ

һҲزϵĺȻƿ

ᣬʵؿޣϤߣһ˲ѣЩЩģ㶼ҿ㣬Ҳϲ𣿡
޵ͷùõ۽ǵᡣ

Ȼͣסˣֵ̧סˮĴ

ЩعѹƲסӦİ鳱̵ĳˮûŴƯСƤˮģ·ҲڻˣѾȴ߳ܣ૵󵱼ҵģҪˡ

޸˸ļհԼǰġ

һ󣬲ļߴ˽Ź˲ʵĶУӣӰɡ

־ģֻļʱͻȻץס޵䡣
޽ץһᣬס󣬽°ڳϡ
˳һԵ彣

ļʮˣֱӴԬ۶ѾĵؽΧˣĨ˲ӣʬ嵹һԡ
ǲļһЩǲܺƽﶣĻȥһЩھԲ⼸ˣ͸ҽ
֪ܺ޵Ŀ֮־壬ļȴ֪Լ͵˵ļ¡

ֻһˣŽɾĿƽض˶ʮˡ

ļ˲ʱһֱ˵ĸоݺݵһüôң
ѿǣʹֻһˣǵֹ߳ģЩᳰʱļɸе־壬һ˲⡣
ʮ֣ļֻˣܽ޻뿪

ļһϣͣԶһЩĵطһֲ˵̬û

ʮŴһӵϵʱ޵ƽʱһԼʮ
ںܾúܾǰҲĳֻʱףһΪؿű緢

ʬɽȺ˲ʬĴʱѪʬѹڵµĸо

ڸߴķϷһֱСܣֵ̿ؽ˽˾
ССİͷ˫۾ش˵Ŀ£ССƶҵĸ硣

ޱõʩһϢʱ䣬ԴϢ

̧𽣣һ˲

ʮ˶ǲܺƸļģ򶼲ҼϡǶȴƣһˣôвգһֻʤķӣϾѾˡ
޲ںԼϷļ⵶ֻǵأЩ˵
˵Ҫˣ޵ĳ׾ٵ

һڵʱѾѪζˣ޻Ѫ϶Ⱦ죬ǰЯĳϻһЩ⡣
ޱؿһԵĲļϵ˿ڷ·𲻻ʹĿֻոĹ֡

ļеһڸǿͬǰҪıܣеس˳Ҫߡ

޳˳ǣسһһ˵ĳɾǰͶȥ󵶷ɳȥٶƺҪƿļһ
ǵʺ˿û֣ļĺйһѪ
ڵϣѵţպյ˵

޻ߵߣһᣬļʬһڵţͣ£˿ǰˬģ
˿һᣬͻȻеĽɾشӲļֱֱû°ߣض˵ϡ
ļɫʹŤﻺӿѪ

ͬᱻ׷ϡޱ
ЩĶͣ

޻صʱѾĵ̺ϣѵϢšЩˣ¸ߵĲ־ֳѣؼҪƿˣڵ̺

סֱۣӵϱϤůţԼһ˲ӵصʵ
ֶߣѵ˰߰ѣȾѪü۵ڰӨϡ
ȵƤ⣬أ˿

׾޳ֱһز޵Ĳ۾ףһһһãӵر鿴ޣ󵱼ҵȾңҪˡ

Ӣü͸¶κסŮ˫֣ƽؽ⿪Ӹá
⿪һ˲䣬ش˿

˴㲻Ҫ
ҲȾҡ




41.     Ӧ

һƬҰ֮, ľɿݵԳһɫϸɳϸ΢·
Ϧ䵽ɽߣͺͺҰ·һȺĬʬ, ʺѪҺȾʪ, ʬһͣһ, ԶһЩĵط, һƽӲʬ塣

ʬ΢΢бŵĲһѽڴѪζ΢, ϵڶܿһѼΪĳ, ʩ̰ز˵ϡ
С·ԶԶǰ΢ıһ˲ڵ, Ҳ׷ƵС

, ѵ˹, Ưļ羱΢, ۾޵Ļ, ϸֱشһԡ
Ҳȥ, ϵСӺСˣ˳ϸ۵ļϵ£һһһһڵ
ĴЩ, Ůʱʱ

޴ɫ, ܵ𣿡

ɫ죬ȾϵѪѪʮ, û˵ֻƤƽȵһ

ϸؿ졣
˰ĲſˮĴ򦣬ĴָۺϣŮغס

ŮĿʪϰ˰˰βųˡ

޽ջȥźۼؽϵŮǰһЩ

ɫѾˣʱʱһУ˼ģСȸǻû
ѣؿ޻ۼˣƼΪûаȫУʱʱ૵磿
ȷڲڡ

Ůˣ޾Ӧһḧ˸ļ米

Ů˯ȥ޵ͷƣݣֲ̧ǵ鷢
˯ճ

ûʲôܴ˿ŮͻȻһʵ⣬Ժչˣ˭һ
ûȥûʸֻվԭؿԶ

̧ԼüģɫЩÿ

ʱ򣬾ǰһ¶ģǰ˴һ㣬Ժ⿴һۣѾˣһʮİĵط

һ̣߾ʹЩϤˣ

ʱһԱ߿ȥͼһ毺õĸЦſߣһԡ

˵񣬰ͻȻһЩʮ߳ܵĻ棬֪ؽ̵÷ͷ˲࣬ҿˡ

޵ͷĶǳü

Ǹʮĸˣ״ЦеؽҩݵУͲڴ˴ˣСӺҩá
Ϊ˾лҪ˵

ҵűϣһһֲ֪ǽŻڴ鸡ϵ࣬һֻԼȫûһ۵ġ

ָ̧˰ӣһŵЩ𣿡
һЩ߳ܵذ۾ҿ
ƽ˵ȫġ

޼һֱӿ׶ЩЦҩˡ
գգ۾̵תӣ죬Щӵ󵱼ҵġ

޴ҲܿǸΪĹӣؽ˽ӣƽֳɡ

򴽣һһˮһθ̧ͷޣŷֽߴˡ
ۿһ¾ͺˣӣͷ˵ˡ

ϵ飬ȻҩԺˣǶٻЩӡġ
ǵժߣȴôҲǲԼûпˣ޶

ˣôԼΪֳء
ҧԼһ˲͵˹ȵס

Ůᣬ޺̾˿ҩһԣ￴ʲôѰϵıò𣿡

޴ʱھͿʼ飬¶̫ˣʮҪиվߡ
ϵذѰãۺʱᱣҲʮ̹ȻŰԼǸɣҲв֮ġ

ɰŲô룬벻밢ңôʵʵڵؽã֮¾޿ָժֳܵؾðˡ
ҲͬԶ

뷨ֻԼ˲磬žžવصڳĽëϣźò

Ӹᣬ׾Сøɸɾƽˡ
û뵽СӵķӦôЩ΢ܡ

˵ܲСӵᣬ޾ǼŴΪҲ̫ܵˡ

ôô޿ŮЩɫĪ
Ժ˵ͷ˵ûѡ񡣡

Ƕˣޣʲôֵֹãܣɶ޿ҲֻӵҲҪ
ĸߴıɵذȻҪԼļϣСƵģҪʲô

ҩҪιȡ
žᣬᶼεҩƤģҭûмˣʲôûˡҲ֪ﶼܡ
ԭΪ󵱼ҵĻļң޺񲢲ϲƽаϵԼǲ

Ů˵õģֻžžવصᣬ۽ǱƳһĨ޺졣
޾ãԼҪǲܽ⣬͸Բл

˰ҩһԣߣŮշԼϣøߴϴŹ˵ڰϣ˺аȫС
Ӹᣬ޳ָסգʲôеġ

Լһʮֲ˵ŮɣôãԼҪĶһûеõ
ܡŮЩ

޴һᣬĶͷ֣صԺ󶼲ˡ
Ҳá۾ʱҪ㻹Һ𣿡

գжӣüӢʹŹ˿ȴһһҶá

˵лǷˣϢޱȵ
§ֱ˯Ҳûſ

Ӹ˺þòŽݣͼ˾ӵϣӵ˺£ӾԼƼʲôܣöˡ
Щ֣ҩϣѾˣӾŵذСٺҲһġ

޳صͷƺĽ


ӵݳȥЦųһԵ˵ôģ
Щ죬ҽѾҳġ
ǳһŮԺӣһȺȨӵܾһ𣬽˸ϷϷҲʲô˵ȥֻǷZŽŹ˽գֻ

ͷŴٳٲҵģ·ϳʲô⡣
Ļ˵׽зӿ졣

ܿйŮ̸ͬ⼸ʵʵڵĴ⡣
оȻѾ˽֪ˣ˶ΪȻо£ҲֻҰﳰ䣬ϼҪЦӭ

е⣬Ѿɢ֮ãжδվ壬ﲻһЩ롣
ǿ˵ӣȻΪҪأȻȻ˽ӣҲǲС

ţϢ𣿡һŮСԻվżСӡ
⼸ÿһЦģ﷭˸ۣϻǹеûУҲ֪ˣʮѰ

ŮЦһĿһһһʮŵŮӣӵĻԼˣô˵Ѿͬˣ
浭ЦЦдŹɲĸоý泩˵ʲô

ǻĵŮŻǾһģаǰûǰۣڵ˹Ůͷһˡ
˿סŵ֣ϵǵ˵Ƕռˣ͢ǷͽնɱǻˣҲ

ŰһװģϻǴЦ㼪࣬źó·

ȳ͢˱طҲƽ
һǰòС䵽ʲô³СҡҡȣЩ΢ЦЦ

ϯɢͷߵƧ˸ϵһߣЦЦǶõ𣿡
ҧҧϻЩɣҪǸʲô

ε̯̯֣Ҳ֪ҸôӣǲһͷٹʲôҲֲҪȢ㣿
űһ۾ͷǣư͵ӦˣѾˣٹձǡ

Цŵݸһţˡ



Ÿ첲ߣϳ˯ȥˣ˿ݣӢͦü۽ճӰҲξ
Լص˽ϡ

ϣȥվǰ¶ߵļ׵÷⡣
һŲͷܿĿ⡣

һ־˵ޣǰסļſϣֱȵĴѹմӼ򻬵ǰ
޾ܣǲûоܾס˺ɻǽǹů

ŮüԶɽܽأӵУſǻ㶼ҿ㣬Ҳϲ𣿡
ŮͷѾǴȻ棬Źɽȵζ

޷ԼİὫŮסذԼǰŮļ米ϣЩӲϲ㡣

ͷ촽ͻȻúģ޽סԼָŮɵغסˣ΢
޽ý˺ܲݵķӦ

Ůգգ۾ӷˮ⡣
޾Щˣǽĵ̺ϣ˺顣

ŮصĴϢԼ𡣡
Źİҡ

޾ѣͶϣʶ̧ͷŮĲգие˻һ˲Ŀ




42.     

ڶʱ, ѾˣӲǰ㷺Źĳȣ, ·󲡳Ժʡ
ſЩس, ޲, Ҫס, Է䡣

Ӷڳ⣬һҲСҽ, ಡ˶Ҫסҽס

޻һʲƵ, аһסһСԺԪڳУЩİ֮
˽ΰᵽ, ޱ칫, , ϻǴ, ⽫յüΪӢͦ

ڴϣ°͵ڸ첲ϳ, Щա
ȷǿ޵ģ, ˯һԺʲôҲǵˡ

֪ΪʲôҪ˶Ϳ𣿿޲룬;ò׷ʵס

Ů俴, ͼͷиӰͶ, Ҳ֪˶ãһ
ϸԺŷ־Ȼӡ

ֻӲ֪ΪΣòš

ȥ, ϴЦҩˡ̧ͷɨһۣû˵ʲô

ǸʮŮӣм˷ͯϱǼĵģҽβҲѧһβգķ͹ȥˣӾͼ˷ҵҽݣտĹš
Ĺ¾ͺǾ壬ֻԼǲҶһ˿һҽݵģοһĽҰ⡣

ｫҩȺˣȻȡӽҩϣڲУȴò˼Ĳʤ̬֮һ۱ϧ

СټƷòӲɿֱؿһŻعЩҵƿߡ̽ЦͬС˵仰ͷ˳ȥ

֪Ϊ֮ߵģҲû룬ҩѾˣȻѾº˵ģһԻſ۽
ӵǸõˡ
ŮӣҩһСһ飬˰ȥԹԳ۽

߿˵ͷ飬Ʋûйע۽ȥЩʧ䡣
ֻϣĵزŪƵľʱʱһޡ

ԴӽԺ󣬰;޽Щһˣﲻһ˵ܸоͱ緽žɢzlҪҪҩˣһꡣ

˼ȥЩɲסˡ

ߵĶ棬ŮӭŹߣڷѩһƤ⼸Ź⣬Ŵޡ
ɫƽûʲôؼ顣

ɴһСʣſֱ

СҲǸСӣԼĸЩٶۣϲһ˵ĸоܽеᵽġ
ʱܼޣ;ʮֿ֡޲ģֵ䡣
޲տòܡ

Ǹ¸ҵСӣǶ䵭ޣĪؾԼҪ

̬Խĸߴ־ݣ¶ĬſţѾԼΪζĺա

Сӵʵڽ˲ܺӣ
ͻȻϣ䵽ϣʲô

˫۾ͬӣڷɢڼ米ϣ۵¶СѣЦݻһЩӣҿ㡣

ЦЦһԣҪ°ĥӣ⿪𣿡
ҡҡͷʵȤ֣ιס޵ڣЩ󵱼ҵģ뿴

ްİҲӵһԣԼӣͷܵ첻ǿ𣿡

ͷϸ۵ָ˳ڵ·Щ˸Уһ뿴

޿һᣬͽԼ

øߴ󣬰ӿļΣ۲ۣ
ָŲ︧˸ļ米ȡ

ȴԼĵطһ£ӣûʲôۡ

ʱŷ֣Ȼնɱ˲ļҲ˿ڣҪļǧвܽޣɸۡ
ôѪô᲻ʹء

ֽ⿪޵ʱƵͷһۣҲͷŰֳ΢΢ĬΪ
⿪ѣɴģ׳ȵ壬ﵽûжٺߵĸо

ŮӣŵǳѪζʹ̱ǵҩζǰ˿ڣ۾ЩܵҲۡ

գ§һᣬȥ档



⣬ţһĿеؿԺ󣬳˳ǣûʲô顣
һòźףͬһѼѪĽ̶ȴƾ࣬񰵳࣬·кܶ£дŹɱ˵ķ˲ֱݡ

һ٣дһӲĿź𣿡
ٵͷϱĸţµģͷ˲Ҳѷɡ

һһᣬͷģ˿飬ȴӷʤϾͽȥɣҲܾûлؼˡ
仰ų
һۣȥ

Žߵľǣʶ򴽡

𽥹

ΪԽԽȣǶڼﶼסǳϣ⣬˼ؤ˾̸Ƕ˳ſڡ
ԽԽȣзǵʳ۸Щڹİǣᵽһ˿Ϣ

ŵʱԭӦûһҹУ·ȴ˼ŷĵĴ뾩ǵĴʱľǼžġ

ǽŴգ޹ĵͷĶ
иֻĸͯǻϻ𣿡
ĸס죬ؽҪٳ

ֻɱǵֵѪˡﾡѽϣͲס˶ֱֱ࣬˽

гޱشڽսУֱ

ѾʼϣɱһȺΧʵʵУȴ֪ò䣬ڡ

нԺ㷭ϴѪɷһڼģ˲
ģýסһˣߴ١

Ǹ˱ڲϣûŵõڵϣΡΡָŷõķ

üŽȥˡ

ףϾڷãſڣгصĽŲ鲻㡣
ЩӶؿһۣǲãԶЩġ
óգûʸˡ

Цһôͬ㸸˵ģ

ƿ񣬳ǣĮҲɱ㣬ɡ

ĬһᣬЩζҵģʲôҪװģأ

⻰Źɼŭζܲƣȴϡ
ֻҪݵİ;һжǿܵġ

нԺһۿˣʼ磬ƽصνˡ

¶Щȵɫ۾һֲһĿС

ͬӡ



ҹƺһʲôҪţԺ˼Ͽ飬ɰˣ˼ϣ춼һҳ

ϴˣɸɾڴϣ޾ţֻȼһյСƣط飬˯ɡ
ڲŸչʱǲ̫˯ŵģѹͷϣͷޣôҲ

ڿʲô飿Ůģûһ˵

ü۲˵˸ܿȷʵǰȤġ
߹˹װģҪչȥ

Ůϵů浽ϣ˱ܣֱסգ˯á

󵱼ҵģ۲ۣԹԻȥɺãһ˫۾е
ӣָ۾ϣۡ
ۡġ

۾סˣǰû谵Ƕͱˡ
޺΢ķдǳǳķԼһΪϸ΢Ŀ

һ㶣ΪԼˣʶŲŲ

һֻסƽ𶯣ˡ

ס޷飬Ųűȥһʧˡ
գգ۾ǳɵһһϸ΢ĿͲˣûл
ŮԹԵţ֪˶ã޲Žˡ

˾ֱ齱ߣȡ˰ϵӣͶһ˫ӣһգһգ
޶˶٣Щβ˲Ķ˯ţ

Ӵͷôˣ

վϣǱްһЩ
ǵͷЦЦץСģ˯ŵľͶץˡ
˹գһۣɵ˴ϣٴ

޹Ҳ˵齱߷飬ֻǰ춼ûһҳϹĹҵһţЩĲɵġ

ͻȻִӱ̽ͷ˿ɢңƵ죬Ƶģ󵱼ҵģһ˯ɡ

޲ģ˯ɣùҡ

ֻ¶һ˫۾Щɬޣ˰βŵҿˡ

޾ؿŮһӣˣһֻһԵĴϣ
ʱˡ

飬ƬʧȥԼС




43.  ռ   ƫִ

ִ޵Ĵ, ܸеµĴУȡ
Ů۾ԬĻ, ϲ, ԽԵһ
ſ, ԭʵؿҲһС, ¶׾Өǡ

ŮĲ

̧ͷޣܿЩߡ

˰һ, ְ̧Ϩˡ

ڱû谵˶ֻܿԷµΡ

߱ģ, ذ׵ָϸһ¡
ϲҵģ԰ɣ

Ҫǲϲ, ΪʲôҪأΪʲôֻķӦأ

רע, һ˫Ϊɬ߳Щˮ, ָ˳żϸ, ܸеı仯˼ĵط, ֪, иоġ

ͻȻסˡ

˵ĸȣŮ
ϸȵƤ·дһ㣬Ҫ˳ϸһһȥ, һ, ߡ

޴ߣͿɫ˵ƣһƬ, ߣֻܿӢԼûʲôġ

á޵ʲô飬ͬǸ
޾Լѿҳª洿⣬ûбıҪԼ

ʲôأ
ǰһ£÷̵޵ϣ۾۽Ƿ𳱺죬ܸо˵ĴȼýӲ
ԭˣҲϲġŮһһƷϥϣϡ
޴ϥͷ鵽Ժ

ûʲôáЩɬЦЦ
ãʲôǿԵġ
Ůֱ׵Žİʾ

޾ԼﷺֹЩ͵ҪͷŵĸоҪ尢ա
ǵͷֻܿ

СغԼڵ޲þһ㡣

˲֪ãֵסգصȥᣬ˯ɣԺ󲻻ˡ

͵͵ģϥϲ˲䣬Ըͬġ
ܸоҲϲġȴ˹Ů֣ҪھͬЩʲôû̫ĸֻǺ˵һЩðĵĻ˵Ҳϲġ
ֳõϲ

ȺգŮϢϣ˳굽ͣһᣬ㻹̫Сˡ

ǰܽܵɣѾСˣѾҪʮˣĹŮѾڳﱸ£һЩľѾ޳ȥˡ

̬ܵ޵ľܾŮЩܣ˱
ҶˡС䣬㲻ϲҡ
￴Щ˵Щϲ޳ﲻΪȻȴʮᵽˡ޵ﲢܴһ£Ҳһַ޳ýдڻ

⻹вһһؽе˷ꡣ
һֺŮͷϵıŮ͸ô᲻ϲء

ӣˮ촽ʧԶԶѿ㲻ҿ㣬ҲԸͬһҲϲ
ЦЦûҪϲ

ۿģʵҪϲҡ
ްӵݸĬһᣬϲ㡣

߲۾ҡͷĽëϣֲ⣬û˸ᷢѾڵСˣ޿ŻǾʮֵĿɰҪһ
ϲҡЩ

ͻȻ̧֣ժںڰԳһЩԼǸӢ忡ĳࡣ

ӣ㶵ؿģҹɫûʲôġ
Ҫȥƣᰴסļ򣬡ڻС

ӿΪʲôԣ
ߵЩһŵǰиʮֳ

°Ϳ޾Ͳ˲Ķ˵òã˺£Ҵٳȥˡ
˵Ҳƽ·𲢲Ǽʲô¡

ȴۼˣø첲ӣŷ۵ϸϸؿǹߺܰ޳ĬͬӣҲֻܿһģ

̧ظϡ޴ӣȥ
ָ޵գ˹ıĪͺ࣬¶Ե㳤úܺãҸϲˡ
Ϊڵòаϲʵ޾ĿҲʮֵϲǳӢ

ЦЦüĿ䶼Գһɢ
ƿӣŮڱһֱڵˡ
˵ֲϲ֮𡣡

˵ϲ޺侲ظˡ
Сľڿʮǣϲɵȳˣڵʱ޻ԼϷŪˡ

ϲԼСӿҷֵ壬ͬ顣
໰ҲСЩЦ˵ЩŮ֮¡ʵġ

ü֪뵽ʲô
˾Ӹµ֪ģ

üҪѪҾ͸㡣
ŮӱһֻźƵۣ˳˵ӣƵġ

ĿؿѵЩ˵
Ͽá˵ģͬӡ


޲һŵֳǲͬ˯һϯġ
۾СǺ˵ģЩӵ㲻ҾͲ˯ܸסҵ۾ɡ

ջ齣۵ϣᣬǺƶϲҵģõϲ
ЦЦС̵ģ޸㡣
Ůϲ䣬ؽ磬硭Ҳ֪ϷŪ˭

ҪôҪǺأ

ҡҡͷСزѹס˵ĵطһһ»ðȶƽЩߵϲ㣬Ⱳϲ㡣

޽ԼѣɻŮһ˲ͷĿѣ
˳˳ͷʹһ˵ķ˷ӣ޾ֵ̧סĴҪ˵ˡ

䣬ȴ޹˹ͷãſң
޺Цһɿ֣ϲǻġ

仹ؿڣö䷢飬Щңϲ㣬顣
˵öĻȴҲǻܵġ

޳Ĭһᣬ˳˳ͷĸߵú硣
ſؿ˵ɵͷֻСſؿڡ

ƽҸȥˣ̾͸ˣ𣿡
Һĸס

ƶǶ޾ͳǳЦЦҪͬһһӶ뿪ҡ
ȥȥġ

˵һ˲òƽڳﷺǿҵռһ˲Լ·ʲôҰ޶ˡ
ôһֱأ˵ÿĿİģЩüȥλԸͬһȥ

ļ򣬷ѹϡ
˵ͷȵϢϣֲ̧˲Ķ

޹ģ·˵˴ϡɫȴĪغⶼ߳ɫ۾ͬӡƤǷ۷۵ġ
ղ׷˵Ļȴýֺߵرֱˡ

ǾѣϣҲȥ᲻صһ̫ʵСȣѹ㰮ԣİɣ

ĳԺȡƽƽ˵úһ

غһ£ˮ⡣

޾ͷɻȥЦһҪǺˣǾҪһ

ûʲôţ²֣Ҳֻһˡ




44.  ϲ   ҽһЩ˯

, ȴñ
Ů޵ĻһЩ糺죬ȴ, һԸһ𡣡
ϲ, ԸԶһ

Цһ, ؿ, ö䶼Ҫˡ
˹ͷ, 㲻ϲ𣿡
곳Ҫи磬Ϸ˶̫Ƶס

֪ʲôҪ, ǻǺػشˡ
Ůؿڣŷ۵տ, ʳָ, Щߵϲ, ϲ㡣

Щ˳˳ͷ, 
Ҳٿϣ

˿Ů, ֺ̧شһ, ģҲϲ㣬ԸΪκ顣

Щ٬ضŪһ£ԼƤҪ̵һ, ǳ, ȻҪˡ
Ըһ𣿡յǰ˵ĺһ𣬾¶ȶࡣ

ŮϢѬˣĺѹѹ
޿סҪ˵ĳ嶯, ܿ尢ӣרעؿ
Ը⡣˵Һɡ
˶٣ֱᰤ˰Ůļͷ¹ƺɢŵĹΣȥһ

ͣһޱջ֣Լɱؿʼ˵ĿӰ

еһַǳȵУᴵ˿Ĵ޵°͡
ˡ

ǶסؿþãסŮգŮʪ۽ǣͷȥ

ŮĴȣһССĴ飬ĥĥŴ飬е˴ݼ䴫
ЩͷĿѣٶһ㶼ð

ɰôΪһ¡
ʪڴϵһ£˴Ӵ鵽ԣһ˲Ľֹ

޳ԼЩԽסŮգŮĴ꣬ص˱һĴ⣬ʪȵĿǻסԼ

۾ݺݵһ£ƤΡ
뿪Ĵ⣬գŮļ米һ£Ž§ڻ

Ϣ١
Ůججرޱڻ䶼޵ϢЩٵеһ£ʪʪģȵġ
˯ɡ

һ¾⣬գգ۾ǣ޵֣£ߵñǼⶼ߳ɫһ𣿡
޵ںڰı飬ֻסš


ڶ쳽ʱӶʳţһﴫһƽ

ӻ⣬ֱŶ롣

Ѿˣ齱߿飬߿ݣ˱̬ͦʣǸʮֿʵĹӣȴĪؽ˲Ҷ࿴
ǸƯùֵСӣڱỹ˯ú

ӲҶ࿴ŷߣŵ뿪ˡ

ɨһۣƽջߣû˵ʲô
ӳȥˣ޾ֵ̧˵ְա

ҹ˯廹һЩĲǳѵ۾
޿һۣϴ𣿡
ġ

ͷ޾ʹӣ˹˯ĺӾ
ҡҡԴҹ﷢ʲô

Ůһ죬˶࣬ߣЩ㲻Ҫˡ
޿һᣬƺõģˡ

̽Եظ˸ֱۣ磿
޴һᣬƽƽҪã

ȷ췢һжΣЩߵҡҡͷպ۰ӣá

ЦЦʲôܻ˵Ļ
ϲ˲գӵֻͬ署

ް§Լϡ

ŮѶ˯ˣҲһ˫ûĽشԼϡ
ӨСȣһᣬЦЦȷʵܰ

Ժȥ߰칫ͷţͰؽž

ûһţһԪ͹ֽˡ
˸Сϻӣ̴˹

ԪҪżޣ˵һ״

첢̫ƽļ²ɫ򵥣ҲӰӡҪ죬ˡ
ްſˣһᣬǾͻʽɡ

ǲ˼ˣԪ⣬Ҳܵص˵ͷʱ˺ͣȫһݣҪ˼ܻصȥ

Сϻӽˡ
ԽؽУվǽСڸС

ʲôһ˫۾ģЩϲعڴϡΪԪЩ֮Ļ⣬ȫû뵽˶
޿һû˵ʾԼ˿

ŴСǳۣڴشСϻӡ

һЩĶơ

Ͽ֣ͷ˾Щģ£ֻϳһʮϾɵġ֡
϶йϵŶҿģʵڲ֪ʲô塣

޻ڴߣͷʲôü̧ͷ

Ŷ齣޵ӱϣͷҲû̧Աá
ٿҲƸһ˵ģ˶Щ

޾͹

ѶƷϣʲô

޿һᣬ֪뵽ʲôǳЦһƸ񡣡

ɴ۾ⶼ߳ɫӦһЩӵ𣿡
ͻȻûʣϢЩȱ鲻Խؾ˻ЩͷԵС

޵סıһ⣬á
§˰һᣬֱƽĸ׵ļױ

ǻûгɻѽ˵ġ

˵ɣ²ίˡ˵úƽ

ȽŲ㣬û̵ˣҲֻЩ򵥵ķʽڣͷɢʮûйء
޺ֻҪܡ

⻰Ҳ˵˵Ժ߶޵סˣΧøͰһ

ҲܣŮ£ڴ߰칫Ժ棬ʱʱһۣǶƽߣѾȥ鿴ˡ
һһʮֻϲģ˿˾͸ˡ

磬;Щ
Ůعɣ͸ޡ

޽ţþȥӡ
úܿ죬Ǵģȴյʵʵģ϶ȳϸֻز

ϣ޳ĬһԣӸĩְ˰С
Ůһ

ʵͺܲˣֻãûԡԽԽǿңֻСʹиСһ㡣

˿۽һʱû˵

úϸһᰢɫ˼һŵСļСӣ
֪ΪʲôҪЩԥؿ˿ޡ

ŮҵĻ⣬Щǰ

ûʲô飬ʾ˵

۽ϣԹԵ˵ˡ

üС¾ûɡ
ͷʱׯʮֿ֣鷳
СʱӾЩܺˣСúܼѡϾŮĴ£Ϸ˴ĸƹֻ˵úžͺãĵûʲô󰭡

Ͳһʲô¡

̾˿СҩҩԼңӱ飬ЩܲסҪЩ¶
ֽһЩƽע飬ޱƽú档

ԥһᣬ۵ɫףŵСԺǧҪúȻϢҪ

ĲɣӵЩֻ̽ʵûоˣ̶һʱɫɷףƤԵó
޿һᣬ˸ա

Ӽ״Ҷ࿴ʰ˿õŵ˳ȥˡ

ˣָ˲䣬ҲˣĿôôӵأ

ϸɫĲɵһȷʵӡ

ɴ۾ЩյΪʲôҪޣ޵ģ

ɫѾ谵ˣ޽о̵ȼ𣬷ڰ齱ߡ
ֻ֪ܵһ

ɫһۣʪģƼˣ˿ڡ
ӷŸ첲Ͼ¶һЩڵĺۼ
˭ڴ𣿡

ϲɥ˷ĸˣòֻ㣬ȴܶһ˳һҽݡ

޳һᣬüӢͦ˼㵹ʮġ
Ȼ̧֣ḧ˸޵ֱҲʪ

޶˶ָ⣬Ŀؿ

΢΢˹ĲӣͷȥĴ
һЩ޸Ǻϲ顣

һᣬϢغܶ࣬һֳϣ˳˳ڷ

ˮ죬Щߵ޵ļͷҽһЩ˯ɡ
̽ӵҲϲ顣

ް齱߱˱ͷգ¸ң

򴽣ȥȵĲϣ϶˲㱡Ůϸϸܲã

§齱ߵСϣԼؿڣŮļϸ¡

һ顣

޲˵ֻЦЦ
˹һ˯ɣ֪ˡ




45.     ˵˾䰢໰

ʮ

ڶոʹΪ, Ҳǰ㴩һЩʵɫȹһüʮεǳɫ֦¡
һΪ, ƯˬСӴ񻨰һ, ˮġ

޳Ժ˸ǧ, Ժ°˸, һ㳣פ˵صģ

ϴ˾ͷԺ˸أǽƺȥ, Ҳ֪ǲǴ

ʮָˣӷ·ûôʹ, Χǧת˷ܵС˵ġ
ǧϵ, ŸС뿿ϱ߳ɣ, С

ǰд, üӢ, ʱʱ̧ͷһۡ

Ժпø߸ߴдз·ûܵɺӰ, ˿ʮ
ǧϿá

˺һ, ŷӦǧſ޵ĴߣЩǳǲس𣿡
˵ֺ˶ڳ, ԴմҴ뿪Ԭ, δԬȡϵҲ֪״ΣЩŲġ

޴˼ǳɫĳۣĸߴ, ˬԽԵʣ˲Ҷ࿴
ڴߵǰû˵ֻһСӰԼֱߣȻ˿ʾݡ

Թֻһ·Сʹ·ֻڽһ㣬̵ֻ
̻ȥһֹˣûʲôؿŮ

ʱŮʴٲȷʵΪ첻㣬ǳլǷС֮أһ߲ðٲòȻˡҲίؽʱʵػһǺкôġ
ҽϣ尲Ҫ飬óꡣ

߽ѣСӣߵɣԵָȾɫ޿úЦӷһߡ
ȥǡ˵ǻشղŵ⡣
ң徲

һһЩȥģԬҲ֪ôˡʪӲ֣һ߻Щ硣ҩȻδ򣬿Ԭ޹ģҲ֪ˣļѾˣ²ܼǨŭԬ

ʵڵģ룬ԬѾܼ˻ˡ

ʵ˺üϷļǲܼΨһĵӣˣȻϵĺѿûҪа֪ˡ
޽о̸ˮԼϵŷãһߡ

˿²裬ԹԵߣͷһᣬֻܿɾ򦡣
Ů׽סһֻ֣Ƶҡҡһ˫۾ģҽ첻ѽ

Ȼøʹһ£ֻ̾ͻʹ̡

Ůֽʪ

޵ͷһᣬֹһ°ͣƽ֡

Ǻӵ𣿡
ʾϿ

СӣֻӶƽתһЩֻϰһʵСӡ
һԣʾ

Ųӷ˷Ǳҽݵ˲ᣬϱʮϸµؼ¼ÿһҩĵ֧ѡʼǸŮӵֱʡ
ֻ֣ҩĵ˵϶˲ϣҲ̫ϸˡ

ͷβֻŵؿһ£Ǽпʮͷˡ
Ӽǵ𣿡

һʲôӹЩΣ˼ˡ

޼һ仰ͽ˵ˣЩͷԡ

ʲôأʵ

֪ģȻ֪޲ԡ
ŶԲЩҩƶɡ

ĸǮģ޷ֻʡԼãٿЩֵǮҩġѾıꡣ

ҲЩŭϵҲ𣿡

ǸŴ󻧣ļҵϱҵĽŮҲ˵żҸҲҴ򣬾ûĻ˼һ˲飬ӴŮӱǿЩӶ顣

޿һۣ˲ˣǹɡ

ʲôǹüµԳʳָСϵ˵㣬ѲǱ˴ģ

ŮָϸСèСϣûʲô飬ûһ¡

˶ݵ˻

ҡҡСۣ޲ƽֹ

ʱ⻧˼ˣּ޸⻧˼ҵĶӣһһŮʧˣǰɷʱ˸кҲ֪١

޶˶٣Ůɫ糣ǰͷ˫ŮѾȥˡ

üѾЩѹˣЩѵز²ǽ˷ӹ𣿡
˷ǰǰһ˼ҵСأ
ҪΪ֮ǰȥĺģϵ˺ôأ

һͻȻӵСǲǻţ

һ⣬һ´ǱϷ򸾲ˡ
۾˵ʲôֹ

ǣַϣʾãѾȥˡ

һŷлԼϣﻹɻ󣬵ǵҲŽ⿪ˡ

˸ո˵꣬Ӿˡ
ź񼸱ҽǱ޽ġܹˣǺãʹԼõġ
֪ĺܶࡣ

޴һЩ⣬ӶʵشˣĴƣƽҪע顣
ޱţؼסˡ

ȥ˶Դϣڲţʵĵع۲ӡ

ӵòֻ˵㣬üۼЩ࣬ɽ˾ù֮ףǸӵˡ

ʧӣҪƶһʱζ֪ʲô롣

ߺ󣬰ЩȻؿϡ
ڷشڼͷԽĵŮѩ˿Ųۡ

޷飬ؿһᡣ


˵ᣬѭȥ

Ůˮ۾ЦЦ΢΢Щģ

ԳƸȣǰӵԺˣ̵Ųԡ

ǣǣ֣ϸһᣬʾϥȥ
Ůơ

޳ִӺסŮ󣬰˵޾͵͵͵һָŮĦһ¡
Ķ߳ɫԭҪ

ĪЩߣУ°͹°϶

һֻ£һ䣬Ů˸ʵˣɫ˻á

һᣬɿ󣬴Ӳ֪ʲôȷʵ顣
ƽֻǽо̽齱ߵʳˡ

̾˿޸ϵϣ˸࣬ЩĽŷŽ׼Žš
Űɡ޵

ԹԵɺã޿һᣬ룬齱߿顣

еǳ뿴ԺЩһҲǺõġ
ֻ಻ĿĶҪǸһСĿˣҪ

ЩС⣬ʵľĲɵزŪš

һס飬ʵģ룬ʵ𣿡

ʵҡҡͷ˯磬ý춼ҪС

ǽ̣ȥȡʲô
ûһͽ˱Ÿӻˡ

ƿ˸ߵӣͷװĺ˲ᣬһǼǵǳһͷ棬ֻϡȱΣۻҡ

޽Ͽ飬ϸЩ

Щµһ

Ƹ񡣡޺ǳЦؿ۾һԣ׾ͳˡ

˲ᷭ˷һ˫ӿȥ̫Ļ

ˡ

ޱѹ˵˾䰢̫Ĵֻ˶ٲŽŵٰˡ

ƽƽĿƽؿŰ˵һ

˱ڻĸ죬عζԺ󣬺֪غա




46.     ܾãѹ

۸Сϱ, ˲ᱧǰǱŸƣϸ׵СŲ.
ںһ, Щ˼, ڰһûӦҪͬɻء

޿, ü۽ͶӢ, ƺǴЦģȰϸȥʱ, ûʲôˡ

ҪӦ˵úƽֺܽŷ, ޱڰɨ£, ƺЩζ

˱͸ߴ, ƽַּԵ, аͷ˽, ʶ

Ůܲˣ˵, , Ҳ֪ߵĻµģģᣡ

޾ͱסǰ, Цһ, ޲ޣ
ŸеǸϤ޻ˣﲻ˵

˵޾°, ͷ

ˣܾʱҪһ㣬˸ȷʵֻǿ˿һֽаÿ˻кָо
ŮŶݺݵҡҡͷǳܲס񣬶ⶼǷɫģҼޣҼޣ

ǾЦһЩš

ֳһţûмЦʱ

ֵѶҪʪˣ۽ü߳ɫԼǱӽ޿ˣӦǲġ

Ϊ˰ѹϣһֲֻ˲ʪĶרעؿȻܾãѹ

һź˵촽ˮ⣬Ƥǳǳĺ죬Ӧһ



ʱ򶼹Сʱˣ鿴
˲ᷭȥԽԽľ޵ĸ׸Ǹʮָеĸˣ˲ǾƷλͷǴһ궼꣬ỹ̡

ǲøˣ󿴵üЩĲˡ

ԼСʱһλңϷǸʮ־ĸˣΪЩƽϣʮֻ̣İСɴ˵

֪ϳ谮Ůаģ˵谮ǸŮǽǧϣվģʲô谮ѽձڻѽпõģЩĲʵʵĺô

Ϸ˵ˣȻûʲôǸ۵СŻֻиүҲĸС٣ǿƵϹٻ˼ҡǼҾ̣ͷͬԪ۹մ״ʵǼˣǼô󣬵ϳļױǽзϷ˽л
ױԺϸýZһһ룬аױȥҲЩ棬ǧǸļ©ˡ

ʱСƶǶ첻֪ôľˡ

ʱ˼ŮɹױмΪҪһɹˣ˲Ůֻûмҵס

ȻᵽȢ֮£Щã
һ˻£ԸܶƸ񣬿ȴòױ޲⣬룬ԼҲܲˡ

Ϸ˵ȷʵʮеϵļױ˭Լ顣
ö벻ԼģֻżҲûãѹĵףʼ濴˲

˱ʵЩ̵֧ʲôĵǺ٣عһЩĿ˻忴ͷ˲ҡ

һԣűһ;÷飬ʱʱ̧ͷһۣ˾ĥһ졣

ҹ޽˽ɴϣ˴ıˡ
±ȳߣűЩȣ΢һһ

֪ⶼΪԼ岻ãһȵҲûʲôǲҪ޸Űȡ
Ůԥһᣬȣȥ᷿˯ɡ

޽ϵյһ飬Ӱߴֿʣûô⡣
û¡

޴ĺԥﾹȻһ˿ĪϲԼǲ񻰡ھҲû˵ĸ˻ŷ
ǰȷʵʮϣߣ˰Ű׾СǿشӦˡ

ϴԺ͸ıɴЩˬۣƵ齡
Щܣ;ýʹֱֱֻϡ
СӵҲܣǲδԵʹУ׻ˡ

ž޽ֻһԼԼԪ
һᣬ޾ͽˡ

ƿʵͷʲôЩҪ

ֻõͷʾ⣬۾ʧڴ񶼱ðͰ͵ģҪѽ

һܿɰ˺
ֻ룬ûнҲû

޳Ĭţܾʮֲ뿪һ㹻ǣǣ֡

˵ĸȣǣϸ֣Ĭҡҡ

˿ŶԷһʱû˵
޵ܽ˺ߣ˵Щʲôһ

ҵ㡣ԹԵģ޲˵Ը˵

һͺרעؿǣһ֣Щָ

ҡҡ֣޾һﹾ๾ðݣһƮƮĸо˺ɫ
ϸ˺þãֱ治ʲôֻǽ֫ʮֵ졣

֪ûͬĸоȷʵǣ˰ܾãõ첲Щˣ˻ָ

´Ժûٳɾ뿪˷䡣



⼸ʵæСǵططܲס
ϾԪۻڣϻģֶιڸӲͳ˵һͷ췴ģ»ܵͷ

ΨǱʮ˳½ͬǰվ͵ݣ˺üţѾȲҪǼһ档
һݽššü

ȥһˡ

Ԫŷȼˣǿӱޣվܻ
޺©ʱԪ˶ЩľԲ²ΪͷǸ

޿ͼ˻ŵͷǺƽͳɡ
ȥء

ԪͷŽ˾
δ¶棬ǰղЩϢԴϢҲûֹˡ

޶ûʲôʾԪ˵ȥ

Ԫֵﶼ˵أӡ
ӽ£ǰĸˣ䲻ҵֱԣǱһһﴫбۣۼƵġ
ʲôѪӣ͵ϴ򣬾Ͳ˵Ըվǰˡ

Ԫ˶෽̽飬ҲȫĿѨ磬ȷʵ˴һȥûˣ⡣
Ԫ²˲ˣƻ˵ĲᣬȻкμ֢涼¶
ֻ˭ھｫ˳أ

޳һᣬԵЩ˵˵˾ʲôԪͷˡ

Щ´Ժ˶Ϣ˳ȥ޲Żط䣬Ű￴˱ⷭ˷Щ˱ʼ֪Ϊϲԭ֮ǿú档

ԼûʶԼЦЦ˱¾ͻҡ
ʱٽʱѾЩ˯ˡ

ƿʣŮƤ
ļͷһ࣬ѾЩˣģ󵱼ҵġ

һᡣ
ŮǣϣܻϲҺ˯ˡ

ӦҪ޵ģǽʵ̫ˣǰûСŲס

ⴺůƣࡣ
ȵϣ˵ʱ·޵Ķ䡣
֪ҷʲô𣿡

޲ͷһ˫۾ģ͵͵ʲô
һ΢ԱЩŮô

ŴսЩص֡
˵գ׽޵ָСĦ

ȷʵǿСֵģϸϱ֪޵֡

ްѾ۾˻ᣬûʲôСģҲҪһ

ֵشһļ
ȥӵĹšѾڲˣǾŲ¡

Ȼ˵ãͷˣƤѾҪ˯ˡ

ĵƻܰ˷ֱ治˴˵ɫ
ԥһᣬҪһԶš

Ŵˡ

ȥݡ룬صԤ졣

ѹúͻȻһҲá
һȥɡ
ŮͷϻźΣʪ

޳ĬһᣬʵһȥҲܺһ𡣡

ˣ˰βŵż𣿡

һһ°ͣұ֤ܿ

ͷһ¾͵ˣͷ˿ɫ
޿һᣬô

ͻȻ̧ͷһѱסޣǰ
ûзʶҲýġ

ҪһЩҵ㡣

ޱһůΧסˣ°͵˵ְĶͷԼİһӳס塣
δ뿪ѾһֹƼĸо



ڶһ簢ˣùԺڴ߿˱
޲ڣʲô᲻Ȥ

δʱԺžͱãһԿʮִϷݷá
Ժͷдǡ

ԺӺǿЩҲǿۣҲʲôʽĳϡ
Է򸾱ӵĹţԼݷá

һǱʮ־ȣǶöǴüĿŻᣬ˵˶Ѿʮˣʮ࣬һŨŨζаϷˡ
˲ò࣬Ҳ벻ƶɱˡ

˵볢ɫˣǷ޶Ҳûʲôö˵֮ϸ̬Ȳ䲻ȣӵݸһԵľ̡
аЩ죬ض˵ġ

ſˡͬ˵˻Ự˾͸ˡ
ǸϲЩΨΨŵŵһһӵĽŲǲ

Ժ󣬰˼صǧûһֽȥӡ
ֻ˵Ҷܣơ

ȥÿһʹҴҸˣԺɹҩģΪʡЩǮҲ׼֣۵Ķ϶Ǻϸظ
СЩյһһģһҾͺࡣ

ЦЦüۼҲδŮСӣȷʵˣСעЩҪԵĶǡ
ͷо̸ӵ˱²裬ƴǲ˾ˡ

һüۣѾЩ²ˡ

ߵ磬յһݼżдġ
žüЩơ

ͻȻޣһʮֲ˵飬Ժ󣬾ͲܿƵظд˷ܽ˺ߵż



վյżʱǰҹҹģȻ޻ŶĲ

ؿţ뼱С
˼ңǻϧ




47.     Щ侲黰

뿪ĵڶ, żЩüչ

дģ߰˰˽࣬˰, ƺǹ, ôȥͬһžۡ
ؼ, ϺΪѾ˾ǡ

ӦǼĵȥ, Ҳ֪ôأͼĵˡ
ſ˺ü, Ҫŷ϶д֣дġ

׽, ʮֵعذһ㡣
룬дž, ˭Ǻ׽ġиС, ˭һ̬, ܺöЦӭ, 

һģһɫĴСӡ
Ҳû˵͸Ƿŵ, ǽаô򿪿, ͵档

ԪЩʵˮţͽʡ

Ԫ˿ŷ⣬һ͹ֵھص, ͷдŹ, µ˾͵ˡ
ŻȻ򣬹ǼĵȥģֻΪǲ֪ء

ֻĸҵ𣿡

Ԫһд֣͵ȥĵطȥˡ

Ӧд˺üһĳ, Ԫ˾ͽдŰŴˡ
СϻԿ׶һĹˣӦþǸġ

Ԫߺ󣬰ԥһᣬǽϻӴˡ
ֻͷú񲼰һϻǱӵ飬ġ

ӦǸװƷɣ￴һȦļΪֲڣϱ߻Щɫգ·ϴġ
ҲѽҰ¶۾·ðɷһ㣬һʹ˸װϻˡ

Ҳǲʲôģžǡ

ֻЩԥòûţϾվĸףڲ֪ôģ·𶼲֪ݣҷҲûȥݡ

أӾˡ

Ů˴ȵϻɴŸСӾ

ֻȽ

ɫᣬǸûʲôƢˣذ׵ָڰϣ

ЦЦԼȷʵûôˣСӸҪȥˣ⼸վͻ̹һЩ
ŮϴɴʶϿֱ΢΢˲ջߡ

Щأǰ˴Żɴ

Ӹûһֱ뿪״֪Щ˵ǽо̸˱²裬ߡ

ӳһᣬСóһСҩ
￴ڷӺкôǸʮŮˣͻȻóһҲֻɰͰ͵ؽ˵˵϶ЩϸȻǼΪȵġ

ʶʲôҩڱǶţζ㣬˾ͽ˾ú
ӸҶɣҺϲЩǮѡɫҩ˾̣о̸ҵͷ

Զ˶٣ӶֱһЩֶܸо˸ʯͷһ㣬млл
ӳ˸
֪϶ǲʲôɽǮ

ĪЩܣæ
Ůմ˼ɫȹ£Ưʧ죬ԣЩͷ
ӴδƯСӣʮع㣬ֻԼ˹

˰ǮҲδߣݹˣ⼸ջǲҪԺӵĺá

Щɻ󣬡ôˣ

ӵҹ˸ȨסǸҪӣסڹڵԺӡ
ǸĹӳţӾ͵ǰ۸

˵ʱ䣬һº͵ǲϡ

״ֻûת˻⡣
Ů·ֻǺ棬ð׾ҲģǼҵ֣סڳµطôԺӡ

طƫƧڴ·ϣҽӦѡ˶ĵطǣҲǸȺطҪһЩ֢ǳ궼˹ˣһӵǴء
ΪҪôʮֲϵԺأʱ׼Ҫӭӹһ㡣

һʱû˵ü۴ȥӽЩģ
Ҳ֪˵

״ҲΪֻֻʣӲؽ黳

ԺӱȻЩˡ

ǰ˸񶨶ؿƣԺػкñ
æԱ߱˱ܣӿˡ

ߺ󣬰µãżǮⶼˣЩͶҽĸо
Щ룬Ĳұ֤Ӿġ

޲ڣֻ֪֮۲Ժ״˵
Ұͬڵײϣ⼸ն׼Ժ

ʱԺˣЩ˺عأƽԺﶼĵģҲŵģʮн
عأҲûʲôҪġֻǽǶЩҪͬڵʲôӴ

ʱڹȻ˰ᶫĶڴߣԼԼЩ춯Сʱûˡ

û⣬˱ʱˡ



ŰһȺѾӶһ
ĸ׼ĸҵĶҲŪһӷˣĸײھ͸ҺŪң

Ժһɪɪˣ˷ŵĺ

Zϵʱ򣬷żҪ˽һС˴

ۼԺǶŵֽвԺӵĶڽ￴ָ֣Ҫȥˡ
ס֣Zͣæųҡ

𣡡ZѵЩزסƢ㿴ӣﻹиģ
ŽҪûסȥøⱲӶ޳ȥˡ
û˵ļҵŮԺ˵ģǸ˴ˣҲýĸá

ɫ࣬һ˫ԭף˿ԵЩ壬Ϊһң
ZҪʲô˼
ǲʶô

֪´ȥˣҪѣ

Բ˵ˣ۾ű֪޻ڸ֮ġ
ۿǸСѾ˿Ѫһأżȴ˿ô

Zʱʮƣ˸ϽȥҽΡ
ιԺ󣬾ʮֵ쳣ZʱţԼ̫ܵס

С˻󣬽òţǿס

ZԼСã￴Żɰôһ¾ͱˣ£ѪҲ¡

ZԽԽҪ

ŲΪȻֱðԼǿˣҲ֪ҪϲˣҪ޸˭أ

ZԷǴ򲻵ãǸССŮҲֻܿͷ˷һԼԺӡ
£·ѾԽԽˣƤƵĹǱȱͬ·ݵĶҪԵôһЩ

ϼͷ󺹣ӣæѾ߸šӲ
Žôˣ

Zݺݵ̾˿£ЩС˴
šüһС˿ðˣ

ʱ𱰲ԣҲʹɱū͵ģϾøбԸûʲôǵǻûޣɱⷿ

˵ŪһʲôҲ˵Z˵Щ㱣ŽǰģڽϵʱĲˣֶ£СС˶֪࣬ҪôŪ˸ˡ

һԻ˻ȣķ˸ۣ

ǰռ޽ʱ򣬷žͲǸµˣСûĸüûʱֻһСӣȻǾõģھ浾İſɲ벻ˡ

תת۾ϸһЦ⣬ӣǰң֪Ҽļɩɩ˵ʲô𣿡
ZȻתעЩŵôˣ
ϵĶȷʵǴЩ¾ͷ·Ҫһ㣬ZŶЩġ

ЦЦȸסͣɩɩ˵ˣ˫̥ģ˫̥
Z㶣૵ȷʵ壬мĹýеĶ˫̥Щ̥ء
ҼҲҪһ˫̥ˡ

һһ£⻹ûӰ£ɱŵ˵
˵ˣZȻͷ࣬ȴЦ⡣
ϵĶӣе˫̥ҪѰЩﲻʵģ

Ͼ͵˵⻰أΪѵ̾˿ĵǶãĺӲ֪ǲȣ΢ЩͣҾ˯þ
Ͼȳһźǿ

ZȻüĵؿĶӡ

жɷԼǻǽ˵ȥҵûʲôϢӰ캢ӡ
Zۺӣϣֻ⾩²һĸߣֻżˡ

֪ʲôæ˵ˣ
һԺӣͨһЩûиԺôһЩ

ϵѾǴҴģ֪ӵ˼æǻȷʵ⼸ȵö·ˣСҲ˶

ZȻˣ˳ϵĻȥֻзŵԺЩ
ʱZ֣ԺãϷôûаסȥ˸ջŽֻһˡ

ϸ꣬ЩԥиԺӵġ

ϼԥл𣬷ǰûټ
Ů˲ӣǿջЦû£ҾסҲͦõġ

⻰˵ýＫΪⲻȥˣZԥһᣬҧǾͻɡ
˴£Ҳýѵ

ԾģЦסԺͷ²ڣҲýԺЩ
Zǵ䣬޲ô˿̾ܽȻֻԼûǱ¡

ҲУڰԺո᷿ýŽؽգһЩĵ˻һ𡣡
ͬŵѾЩԷˣзZһЩ
ֻܾ÷ŻǸС飬ŻȷʵЩûעִ磬Žץסͷպˡ



뿪ĵڶ죬°ڴߣһûһط˲ᡣ

ԺӾôҲȥҲȷʵġ̸ƺ«Ƶģ˶˵ϻ

˻и
ŮŶֳĲ֪ĸҵƷƳΨܻᵯ٣ʶúܶ࣬Ǵδӡ

⵹ǹ˰ˣ̣ţԪҰкûþǺõġ

ԪͽˣƽʱᲦһµģ￴ϲϲ
κҪԪǾġ

Ǿϲû뵽޾Ȼᵯ٣һᵯٵģ̫䵭˾һð飬˵ٵġ

˲ңԽ˵ĵ̲סǣ¶СС
޵ٵļΣȷʵǰѺ١

˭֪Ԫ޵Ļš

ھǾϲˣǻǰסҪģǿŰԪ˲ſʼ
ʱɫѾˣֻϴ˲ŸˣѴʷ£⿴

޲ţ˸̴ľСӣƴСŵ̴ľ
ﰮ֣һŴ򿪡

ǸСɵ«ͨӨ󣬸Ϊǣ⾹Ȼǿɫͬļһ̲סҪһѡ

֪ΪΣžϲˣһҪһӹϣպʱʱ̴̿š

Ųŷ⣬¶ַ壬ǰġģʱȴһĸо
ţ۵ܽǳ

޲дٻҲһдһЩȵĳƺ
ֱƽ

ԵúòãѹСûʹǼΪ¡
«òÿ˵ôʲңӦϣϲġ

޼«ĵһۣ;ǰ˰
˵յʱҹףŮΡ

ŵĩβЩ侲黰ˣԼ˯ƶϡ
ңѾ˽ܵܽе˿

պ۽Ƕģ۾ӵضڱдЩĻ

Ҳޣҷǳл޺ʮϲһţŬϿҵϣϲ

˵ƣֽѹͷ£һҹߡ

Լƽָ£˸ȫΡ





48.  ϰ   ŮڷѩǰĹҡ

, ʱһǽ˽ż˳ȥ

Щã̧ͷܼܲʱʱһ, , ¿ɫȴѾˡ

û̫, Ժ, ҳ˼ӣűƯϵϡ

Ҫ޻, ôʺϵȻԺﵯ, ȥݣԺﻹи֪ݵİ, ͲԺﵯ, ԹЩĻ, ǳ鷳

˭֪չʱ, һӱһ룬ԬŰݷˡ

С, , һ֪δܵļӰ죬˰ʮֵǵͬǸ

ԬţȻǳϲûֹ, һֱľ, ˺õɫҲͷ

СӳŴѾӲһЩͽЩ˰׵ԬԺӡ

ԬʮֱǸ, 񡣰ҡͷֻ˵Լû£ǲļѬģ

ԬǸʱ̶вסˣδ裬̾ͷˣԺӱ㿪ʼ

ҴǰȻ֪ĽҰ⻹иĺȥԺҰʵ̫ˣԬϲֳ棬ֻȥĶЩĵط֪д˵ȥ

Ժӱͷ˿ø߸ߴֺÿҽݵĿ;֮Ǹ˼ðׯӡԬžԼûôȣҲԸ⵽סһסġ

о̸裬ЦŽ͵ǴҽݣӿȻ֪
ԬͬصͷϴûбļҩҩΪϰ䣬ӽһСӶԺõĹͷԬţֽĿƵϡ

մ˼ǳɫĶԽС£ƵɫȹϵƿɫһЩĳĵŮϸ˳ǰĹҵġ
ŮڷѩݣղӺƶЩθˡ

Ԭã۵ø֦ͷĻһ˱ˬ
ǲǳˣ
ԬܾϴμŹɺαЩһĸоȥҲֻܾӸˡ

ȹվתתӣ۾ﻹЩϲã𣿡
Լûʲôоģ⼸ϣ·ȷʵʱùͷʹΪΪԭءǰڷ븮ʱ򣬼רŸǹ߳ߴ磬ûרļǹһʱҲ벻Լ֮ǰжˡ

̾ȥһԵ᷿Ѱ˲СԺߣְѾԬ߳ˣСҲǸˡ
Ԭǳ϶˵ϴμʱֻҸָͷġ

ǾȣƵϸ
Ԭ죬ҼúãȻҪúñȽһ
СЦһ

㲻ӺôҪסأһǧԬʵ
⼸ճǺϷƵ֪١

͵ӻЩëһ

Ԭδ˵ϸҲûֻļˣ֪Ӣ
ǸСӣֻ²Ǹưոݵˣҵ鷳ɣ

ⲻ޿ܣȻ޹ѱӢǨŭ

ԬҡҡͷСˣŲΪ˲ļأ´μ㱣뻹ҪЦӭ
תתȣϷ·ڷ⣬Щ벻Լкνҵġ

ԬѹӢˡ
ͣסˣЩȣôͻȻ
ֳŸոȥôʱˡ

ԬЩܣͬһĹβУɲøϽ
ϸŸء
ԬҲһֱãʱһ˼һԺҲ֪һǲ檵ġ

˲ӢĶӣͬһˡ
ֻǰϲ˵ĳֻ̣ܵصͷͽڹȥˡ

ҹԬҪޣаУҲڶԷ޹ﲻЩȻ

ϴԺСӾһ齡

ԬѾӣĴӴϻóһûּ
شչȥ˾ſһ𿴡

˭֪Ԭոշһҳ¶Ļͷ˸յô飿
ԬҲְϣæʾⰢѹҲġ

ֻ֮ǰҪͬļǸثֳɻңǰ¸洵ԺҪֻԬ˵С˼˵㶪ˡѵһΣҲͰԺˡ

ԬϣɫͬϵãŽҲ棬ҪǲԸұǻ

ֻ޹ģ𷽲Ƴļֱ׵Ĵʻ㣬ֻ۾ҪˣŮԥ죬֪뵽ʲôſԬߡ
պ˵ģЩӵСɡ

Ԭһ£ٴηСӡ



ҹﰢͬԬ˯һ׹˾ʱˮʵȣûҪ˼СˣֲڣίԬЩЩ顣

ҹʱ˯أͽԬˡ
ԬҲһԵɵɣưļ򣬡š

˯ӶǺģȷʵ˼ִвһ

СΪҹ˵һЩ˽ѾӶϳȥˣҪǽҲ㼱ٵţڴ߻һ㡣
̷ӦֻҪ࣬ѣԬҲæ㶯

ԽӾңһһϣž˵ҹ˺ëֱ

һ䣬˶˶٣еԽأɾǲ˵
ӰӿǸΪˡ׼׼ţҲΪ˷ֹߵĻ֮ǰֱŶ롣

Ȼûһµˣ˵㽫׼ߡ

æǰţȵȡ

ԺһԭԺߵĻŻѽԺյõƻͨ

ӦͣˣͷǸĸߴ׳ӣŵ»Źˣͽ˴ߡ

ʵŵǰҲûãЩһʱֻ˽СԺŷˣǷЩŽѾҲ׷׾ѣ᷿ˡ

ûǵ˼ҹ˾ģ˴ĸпܵģοЩǴӸԺܳģԺһǽԺһ𣬲ȻЩԺصͬͰһ㣬ôҲܽϢؽˡ
ȱŴȥ

֪Ϊԭ˵ԥһŽ˳

һ¶棬ԬûסһҲü

ǸˣǸڵ꣬ŰδķΣϺ¶ƤӡźɫС֣ʮֵĿɲ
װ綼˿ˣǱȰҪһЩģһֱƤˣһҲƲŵǹа
վǰ㾲һ˫ɫ۾¶һʮЦݣŰʱ򣬾ȻЩζ

괩ŴȻ֣Ƕıʯ·ӶǺöǸݲ͵ˡ

񿴵֣ûסһ䣬˭

걾ͱס˸첲˰Ļ̲סǰ˴գһͱ˺ݺݵسסˡ
Ǿ͵ͷ˵ˣֻʱʱ̧ͷһۡ

ŷĽϾȻû·ģһ˫ܰ׾ĽţȾЩۻ࣬һ֪궨Ǹ˼ҳ·Ҳߡ

ƺǲڿĽţֺֻȴûнջ

겻˵Ҳû취ֻý

ңԬЩ£Ѿٸǳȥȥ᷿˯ˡ
˿ź£ָߣϻĵĶԬʮֶ񺮡

Щֲ֪дȥģǿȥģ֮鿴˾ͽľҶЩֵķţһ㡣룬϶ԼûЩš

ҪȥҹҪ˯ˣæо̵˰㣬ͬԬһ˵˻Ự˯ˡ

ڶһǸû̫ͽСЩˬڵСˣͬԬһͬһЩ
ԬŻسǣͬͥԺ塣

Ԭղտʱʱιӣ˵Ҳµ졣
ûһᣬͨ˵ǸԺӵݷˡ

һüֹȻ˵ĸо룬ԬȥЪţȥһˡ

ݷõǸŴԪεӣø߱Ŀһ۾ܽ˿ͳĴԪˡ
˵ҲЩǻֵ綼ͬԭʿ
ԳʥʹʧǵĹӣҹ̰ߴԺӣ밢

£໪Ʒ˵ǵСܲȣҹð밢ǹӡ

϶֪ЩͬǴԪ˳ò̫һ˵Ҳû̫ྪ졣
̬ȻϿңô̰棬Ϣ˵ԺӰɡ

ܰŲĻϻû¶ʲô˸˲ˮ
ͻأسǣǻЩĿģ룬ǽ˽Ǹˡ

᷿˯һҹ˶Щģϵ·Ҳǰࡣ

ǵڶμǾЩʣĿƿˣ˫Ĺֵ۾ӡ

һǸ˾ͼվߴ˵໰ԣ
ǸЩɬЦݣ˳ɵָָĶаü

ŮˮûʲôؿʼͿˣλҪûʲôĻ뿪ɡ

ԥһᣬ˵ЩʲôЩصͷų֡
ֻɫ·˼𾴣Ŵˡ

һһͶܹ֣˶̬Ȳ̷ӣͽ̷һ㣬ǿȵġ

Щ״׼޻һһ



޸ϵݵʱѾҹʱ

ҹδߣ˶ҹڳǽϵţԶԶ޲ͽ˳¥
δߣһӢʵݽһͺۿҪ

ǸųӣͿźܴˣ̬ɺͦΡ

ֹĶӣȻûҪһ
̾Ҫһ㣬úܳʹ˿˾;ѹԼ޶裬ﲻܡ

Ǵ£Ҳƣ̬¶·ûʲôдƽؽ˶

ͷҹ˳ţý޽ǡ

һ˾ֱƽһһɴؾˡ
¶ͣȻӶ꣬ûˣӳൽȶһһĺá

ǸҲ˷ˣͷĨĨ۾ûס۾һѾҪˣ˿˹Ҳд

޼֮󣬺ģƽ˵⣬֪˵ĻǷ
˸ϲˮֻòԵմմ

֧Ҳڡָ˷ȾǸʮŵˣ˳˳룬ֻշ͵ȥ

壬ʲôķҾ

һһ˿Ȳĺɥ飬ȫǶҪµ

üĬһᣬȷ𣿡

ɫԾʵ

һ̸ֱ˳ʱֱ¸գŴ
ԼСӣ

½ͬǸʮˣǸźĺ󱲣ɾظ

û˵Ҳûʲô飬ﲻɵ¶Ρ
˴˴ӣ˰βŽ½ͬͽ°ɡ
ͷɫҲÿࡣ

Ҫڴ˵һգŴ̽ЩϢ˵ӻиãߵ˶ƤӼ̽ļҲš

޲֪뵽ʲôЩ΢ûʲôһ

ֻΪģﲻɴİʾ½ͬںüۡ

һݵйȥ·ŻԾһգҲչʾһԼǿ

˵ǼǼˡڽʲô¡
ǿ֪Ǽк֮𣿡

޴Ӳ̫½ͬھֻԼӵĳӣûʳ޾ͣ˽Ų

˷·ʲôޱȥҽ

һ֣Ц֪ģ

ü֪֪Ǽиı̬ϰס

ͣһᣬɴؾҪȥ

Ǿ㵵ؿ޴˲ȥҪһ

޴ˣſֱ⡣
¹ذһҲð




49.     ıˣǸġ

ʱ, ûһҪʱˣԬ˿ʼʰ׼سǡ

Щ, Ҳ֪һδŮס, ˾Լһڳһۡ
ԬҪȥʱ, صŰߵҡ

ΪҪ˵ʲôĻ, ԬӻóҹǸӲ˰
ҿ, ҹưɡԬ˵ĻԼЩ

鱡ʮҳ, ȴа̩ɽ¾뻹Ԭ
ҲҪ, ҪƤպ, ۾æƴǡ

κԬ, ам, ֻô鲻֪Ǻá
Ԭߺ󣬾ŵؽ, ʰЩʲô

ͬץסһ, ৵һ´վЩɻŸ˸̵գϸϸһǡ
ԥؿü, ߴһˡ

, ﶼǺЩҵҪ

ǲеģЩϵĵطÿնʰ˼ȥ, ¡
ղڼңȸûעʱͷǡ

簢һ÷˺ü㣬θԺģ̾˿ԵҲûûζЩˡ

ճһ룬ͷһӵ
ƺڰ󣬻ŮӺСƵ

ü¿ӣ˳ȥơ

ҽݿ̫ˣв񶼾ۼȵܲˣĶһԺסţҲֻ֪ʱΪǿ
Ҳ֪ôˣֳôĶ

ûһһ̽ϢˣǸԺӵˣʣµԺӣҪЩߡ
ԺʱԽЩ˳ҪǾһˣЩ񱾾ΪƲסȻܼȥˡ

ʱԺӵ˵죬Լ͸϶һݵĿüİСŮӣŴֲ£ľرŻ޲ĺӡ

ϵĸ㣬ͻȻúܣ̼״ΪЩɲ˸ˣȥŹϣȴаסˡ

ûʱӺù𣿡һԵḷ̌ɫЩ

ԥһᣬ֪ò˵ʵ
ʵûش»Ԫ۵£ЩСǿֻ֪˵˻ͻᱻ˼صпܶСҰʵĻЩеĻ⡣
Ҫ˵ãðӡ

ǿش𣬼ɫԥҡҡͷΪ

Ϊƣǰбӣһҧ˵ˣֻû˵ǰԡ

ū澳ͺٳԱ͢˰һһߣūû飬ʶ֣Щֻ֪ǮϰӶȥˡ
һճɲãʳȫ˶˰ǮһӶĳƤЩСҪūòǮЩСͰūȥ˷ӡ
ū˵õģ֮ǰˣпڱԡ

˵۾ͺˣǰʧǣæȥ

ܣȥһ

ԺͷܿʧˣȴͻȻʷдĺԲʳӵĹ£ԼǰʮͬϵƣֻõƬؽ磬һҲ֪Ǹ뾩ǽȻͬľ
֮ʱⲻ֪жٰѡ

ͷжˣ룬˵Сˡ

ЩһǾܳ¼ʮʳ
۾룬ʱ뷨ѹĵף޻

ɫʱһߴӼСԺ
˶ŵӭ˳Щϲ磡֣

ҹɫҴҸͬ壬ֵ߻źüŶһһĽԺӶˡ

˸˵Щˮһ·ϼ˶ȵͷ󺹡

岻֪Ϊκܲˣüͷţһ˫ֱڱ󣬼˰мֹ¹ص˵ͷ

һģúЦһӵݸôôߡ
弸ղһӲһĸоɹЩһɫĳۣǸӿˣ˵ʱȨյȨ

忴˰һᣬ̾˿
øߴ󣬵ͷŰʱ·סˣһ˫Ĵ۾ζ
ͬʲôá

µСüͷܿյӣԵʮί

һԿúЦͬ˵ˣͬģôôһ𡣡

岻ֵĻЩִؿŰҪĻش

аԼ·أôͰˣʮֳϿҵȷʵͬ󵱼ҵ￴ģҲûʲôġ

źһ鿴ź࣬ʵ𣿡

ȻǵͷҲصͷ˻˻ͷԹԵعԺӡ
ߴıӰ̵ԶȻĪ˿ֿЦаݣó涣ҧˡ

ͬһڴߡ
ȼϸش˰Щ̾ǳˡ

ЦԬҲ˵

Ԭֻǿ˸ţȴеطˣȷʵ࣬ղ·ʩ˷ʣһſˡ
ӸЩĵ֫ϸˣҲȾ֬Ƶ糺죬һ˫۾ǰ飬üĿתȴ˹ɲһζ˾ԣ֮

ͷֵܾЩߣ֣ôͻȻ͹ˣ
ҲعЦµĲۼˣǾʹǳˡ

һЩ⧲Ժ󶼲ȥ𣿡
ֵͷſģӿ϶аţйίġ

Ȼ޲ίͻȻеġ
ǸԺÿϲ

ֻЩܲͬ˵̰ͼԺӺ÷羰һ㣬Ҫ˵ЩʲôͷȻһصž̾
˶һ㶣æȥ

ֻΧԺһƬյشתһǧӿشڵϣϺǰյģ

˿ֺЦ岻Ҫתˣ㳶ǧʲô
ֽɨûͷ

һߴʵģȴЩı飬ŤŤͳ

ûй˼һˡ
ǧЩ꣬⻹޽޵ء

ûпԼĵϴתСµȻЩ˫Ư۾ǺܳûҪ˼
˿ȸԾϲǧ𣿡

㶵صͷ

ͰֱڱŰ˼ȦǺǿһ㣬һɣãˡ

⻹㳶ϵġ
ΪʲôҪˣЩЦСӡ
˿ģûгʲô˺ۣȥˣֻԺҲȼһЩѬ㣬ͷɣԼȴó涣ҧˡ

ڶգ˯Щˣ
ֳ谮ʳ˵ϣøСŽš

糽Щ죬ϣԬ໰̵ؾŻࡣ

ͻȻãһתͷȥͼһ࣬ڿߣ˯
ҽݣ¶ӣڴ߿ŰﻹЩͬ

ΪǸԺǸ幫ӣŷЩЦû˯ʲôʱ򶼿ԡ

˾úܲƽ⣬ҲûôؾͰˡ
ǿѩЦһЦڷúܸˣǿнԼƽһЩϾϺȵ࣬ʵʵֻռ

óңСһָȥԺǧ
Ҳ¿ȥˡ

ֻԭӴǧϣɫһȦϵ˳ŷɫ˿ģزͷԵС

Щ죬Űתϲ𣿡

ǧСŴ¶СУ˵ͷ
ͽȥʰ쵵ǧﻹЩжָ˶󹦷ءȹȥЩ

Ů촩˼ɫȹƯǴŮɳģ⻨ڵǧϵ£ȻҲʮֺʡ
֪Լ󣬼ֻðȥơ

һ磬˲ȿ²衣
ƺĺϲʹյߣĶҲǧԺҪ档

һ㶣һ˫۾ͻȻеᡣ
ͻȻԼΪԺѹʵΪԺӣֻǾԼС󣬷·ûԸΪ

ŸոջؾʱһµϷ˿˽⣬˲֪ٶרŸ˳ˮסĲϰߡǲݵĸĸֳǽйһĥôԺƯ

Լˣ洺Ժסʮ꣬ÿնȵܲˣϷ˴û˵ҪðЩʲôıǻ˼Ҳſʼõġ
ûб˷Ϲڷ˿ƺǸп޵ˣһ̲ŻᱻǣûбҪǡ

ڲһˣԼûԵܻطֲ

һҪ޲޵ģͿһ£ûأһӰϣǰƴסˡ
ޡ

ЦˣŮӣƤģһ
ŷӣЩϱմ˰ᣬķϡ

һԵǽͷͻȻһ죬ͷȥŵúͣһ˲

Ǹ꣬ɵǽͷɹŽţֱֱŰ

ñ֪ʲôʱǽϣҲ֪˶ˣԽԽܣ̾ȥ

ˣ¶һǳЦݣͷŰһ˫۾Ҳ˹ǿʲôϲĶ

Ҳˣüͷһܲ˵ģ

һᣬŽһ;òֻЩߣһ仰Ҳͬ˵
廹ǰȥסӣǼʶһСİˣ֪Ҫʲô鷳

ͷܿˣֻǻûüǸ꣬ǱԺʹһɧңͷఢĻǸͱشǽͷȥˡ
꿴˰üۣűֳԸȥ˼

꼴뿪ǽͷʱ꾱һ񻷺ȻζһźļǴ꾱̧

ʶؿţ˺üŷ֣⾹ȻһСֵָɫߡ
ǽͷȥʱ߻Իػ˻ͷͬһ˲Ķӡ

һ

ǱˣǸʲô鶼ֻԥ֪ҪҪȥھһ
֮ǰͷԸҪСӣֻǸ״ǲϾһʱ֮ССӾǴˡ

ڰûǿȥ鷳Ҳ鷳ŵɫɷףܾ˫۾ӡԼһʱôҲ

ɫܲÿ򴽣һԲȥ˸᷿

һʱҲûȥοرһӡ

ʱݷãûɴ
ֽԺĶ¹һͬһдӡ

ӣǸʥĵĺô򡣡ܣӺ

֣ˣƵʥģһЩ˵ˡ
ҲǸŮӣֶмֺøУ˵

ӽϵСȡóŹؾصһԣЩ˼ڵĹ˴ߵý⼸ĳЩ

ЦЦ
ƯַƯּһ۾ͽ˾һֱ˵ݹ⣬Ҷ࿴ǾþöǵòƵЦʱ򣬾˾Լ·ƫһ㣬ůڵġ

¾ڰЦ࣬ҲЩɫҪǲԴϣаõá
ͷ¾ʹ䣬˾Ųˮ˵Щҳ

ǸˣҲһЩҩĵЩ
ӾͻڵĹҩ࣬ƶƲЩ

ƺ޷֮ģ״һ䣬ڵĹǵʲôأ

üҲûбʾִŵҲ֪ǹ˷·ҪҩȻͻ̹
ҲûѧҽҩȻ֪ʲôҲöȥ

һᣬˡ

ҹ䣬Ժţȥ˼壬嶼Ҳ֪ڷʲô

¿ȥн˭֪סˣǿʲô⣬᲻Էء
ֻòˣЩﱻŵˣ˷ȥˡ

ֻǰ˱飬ˡ
ּ࣬ƺú棬ŵˡ

ȻԼķ䣬ﻹЩžһӼȸС
嶼ŬˣҪӣϾҪ峬ˣ

ҳ֣дʹ۾Щɬˣŷ˯ȥˡ



ҹ죬˸ʲôԤһ㣬ԺͻȻˡ
һߴӰ齱ߣҪ۾˾Ͳ˲ܵͣˣ

Ǳˮһ¾ѹЩϲ磡

ޱеЦһǺֹܿסˣӣûʲôؿŮ

Ϊӣۿͺˡ
Ůڱ¶նģҲޣĽëϣһʪģǼΪġ

޾Լһ·糾ͣûаܡǲܸƽŮʹǴ¾û塣
֣ĬſһᣬͰϣ§齱ߡ

Ķȵգôˣ

ϣžҵ˰ȫУӲ˵
Щܣ˴ЩܣһĨƽģԸ谮ޣЩղס

ӣճһֻסգԼܿŮݡ
պ۽Ƕ޵죬ŮЩˣ۾˼ͷѹ̵շ˵

޾͹°ͣһֻ˳Ĳൽ󣬽Լϡ
ɾƯ˵ְԴǽڷһһµŮļ

ͳںСıˣǸĴ




50.  Ǽ   ֫ϸϸģ֦

ӵҽ, һƬ֣治Ʒ֣ҹԶĲ, ҹҲ⡣

ӵĽű, ˬ, ޵Ļ, Ҳȡ

ȼ˵ƣܰ§һ, ǽڷظŰĺ󱳡
ӣƤ޵ͨ, ؿ޵ļͷôŻѽ
˵ԼЩȡ, ޷ԼõʱĻˡ

һ, ƽظ, ´βȥˡ
и, ҲԤ뿪

߻Լغһ, ֮ǰ˵, ҪԶҷֿء

Цһôˣ

ǰϤζСһǰ˹, ղ˵ˡ
޵ͷںڵķ, ЦЦ

⼸պòã˵ʱһȦ

ӣǿ˺㣬Щðɡ
, һˣʲô

ѾЩ˼ˣʱԼû취ƿأϸϸ˸֪ˣŴ綼֣ҹҵķţǽͷ߿ҾЩ¡
Ů˵˵ţЩίˣϸ׵ֱɿ§˵ļ米ز˲䡣

߿һۣûʲôǼˣϾͼˡ

Щ̧ͷ𣿡

һ֪뵽ʲôͷŰ۾ŵ࣬һЩСıץˡ
أֳֵ

һץʲô
޲˵һŴյߣ˵˾ʲô

˵ģŭϴһ£ҲŲᱻץأ
滵

޾͹̧գˮĴҵı᲻á

׵죬ЩӵعĲ㡣
Ů֪뵽ʲôԶһЩ
˳ӵɿ֣Щɢس

Ů⿪£¶ǰǸС«۵ɫĵðؿһİ𪡣

ǰ֧ϸĸ첲סĲòÿ
ŮգǰӵĺΡ

޵ͷӣãָ̧˸ؿڣ˸
֫Ůǰһʪȵǡ

ɪһ£޾ֱӣգרעһִֻ们ȥ˳۵Ůļ

һ°;ú󱳶ˣǱ˳˹ͷ
ʧſڣ޾ϵغסʪȵĴ࣬˱⣬ǶﶼŮů㡣

ҧҧ⣬Ǵਵˮ졣
˫ĿΪȱ죬޶

ȵĴգıǼ⣬Ű§ڻ

ؿɾ򦣬һûһµعָ
㲻ڵʱҼһšŮЩϸϸģͷЩۡ

һ˵Ѿˣɢ˳ͷʾ˵ȥ

ͻȻǸСϻӹ˹Щ󣬡֪ʲô𣿡

޼Ķһ£ֿʵʵ˵ʲôö
ܵһЩ΢һЩģ磬㲻ϲ𣿡

޳˳ͷŮòԴǰ˾¶һǳЦֻϲı

ӣҧһ֡

ЦЦΪԼʵ⡣

޻ǽаˣ˿ʲôֻ˵ǸҪȺú÷š


ڶ峿ʱ򣬰ˣѾˡ
Ů˸ЩϢıһᣬǳá

ȵ˴ýӸڰϣɱ˯ˣӽء

ӣڴϹȦϻ˯ĺΣƵغߺ

ͬźѣմָӳѣǰ˳ߴ磬ڽа˸Ӿʹˡ
ϴԺ󣬰ȥԺš

ԺСƵĵͷվǰ
޵˵˾ʲôʹͷɥصͷ޿һᣬû˵ʲô׼÷

촩˼ɫ䳤ȹʽǰδýģͷǴȹںͿӣᱡӾƮʮۡ
ϲѣ˺üȦ

Ůĳ࣬֫ϸϸģڷ̳ɾµķ٣ѩһ˫ӷ·˵֦ͷմ¶Ļ

޾ؿһᣬʾŮ

ߵǰ޽վãרעشһᡣ
˵ͷͬ˭ʲô飬ࡣ

־Цūû˵ɡ

⼸кܶ˶˵ˣƫƫ޵Ļˣת˸Ȧᱡڴ˴޵ļߡ
üëûһ£ֻúóԷ

ѾʼˣһϣҲ壬ԹԵسռ
庢Ը񣬿ϰʲôĶϸؽ̹ģûöԣԹԵſӼмȣȻҲеȵġ

·ʮֵģ¿ӣ৵һվһһߡ
ǳϿҵصͷ䣬ռʮζ
ͺˣʰҪҪռɿҡҡͷר־

࣬ȿ඼ҪʱʱĿɬ۵Цݣġ
һ˳˺üյţܾûθڣźһЩ

ҲܻȻϿʲô飬֪ܲðЦݣʱʱвˣҪֻԸ㡣

ָ˻ӣܾǸ׽һ
ü룬޽ǴӰķġţͻȻһӶͣסˡ
ⲻǣڹ﷿һҹɡ

ԽԽģԺͳ᷿˾Ϊ˷źҲסͷǶסԺ
ԺﻹиסˣմҴҸϻҲûȥѰһԺϢɲסڰķˡ

˰̸㣬ųԸ֣ֹЩ߲ˡ

һԿţͻһĲĸоһʱ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦ

ţճߣ޿飬ͳ°һԿ
ŮϢǺŵģ޲ᷳúܿ˰ͽԼ

Ƶÿ˿Ժͷְ̧Ѵˡ
ԺЬףشĶƤ

յġ

Ժסأͷϣ˳ӣЩκС
ׯӱˣҲˣܵš

޿飬һŵȥģ
ͷ˵𣿡

޾ЦЦдЩƽ˵㡣
Сѹѹס˵Ҳ۵ģġ
סһͺˡ

һŵָ˸ļġ
СذһֱĴղ֪ʱѾú˵ģҡ

ЦЦͷһᣬ˵
úˣͷ˵Щ̵Ļ

ϴβǽȥ̽ӵ𣿡ﻹ£ֹ̧ס޵Ĳôˣ
ŮϢ޵°ϣ˻⣬룬ȷʵô¡

޾ͽ˴һ˽

ܿиӰСӱ޴˽أû뵽죬ͨ죬̾Ҫ
ûʲô飬ֻϱӵµȴɫذסŮ

£ϲ᲻صһѣͲҳˣ˱Ȥһ̧ͷͷ֪ߵϣֻðѺ˵ǰҲҳ
޹˹ķ٣ЦЦ

İСгͨʱˤһӣ˾ͲٳˣΪ˻ǻ̽һЩ˽¡
ͨʮֻῴɫ۷綼Ӻһ£ֻ˵ӵ¡

ԭʮ걻⻧˼ģʱҲûôլԺֻǸΪصҽݣӵĹҽʮֲҵǵĶÿҪҩģ˼ʮࡣ
ӱǱտЩµģ˭֪ѧҽҩ츳ʲôܾһϷ޾Ͷ˼úõؽ̵ӣЩῴ֢˸˺ü￴Ӻùˡ

ͬ⻧˼ҵĶӳףûһһŮϥʱ˫˫ʧ˸СӣǰڵʱҲˣӵɷҲȥˣӾô

ͨЦһ˫ۣȻⶼϵ飬ʵ޶ʧġ
һֲõԤУʶֱһЩ

ް˳ͨһۣͨͻ˵ȥϷ޶⼸Сȥ񡣡

ûס˿ڣʲôǷ񣿡

ͨ޲δֹֻûϻŸСӣŵʱ˶ŷҡңǷЩеóͷģЩ˾Щ֪аڼйڱЩħģͷͯϡ

ͻȻǶԷŨصϢûס˸
޾Դ

ͨŵСȥ̽ˣܱ߾мӣͷЩͷ
޳һᣬȥ顣

ͨãЩ
ŮѶ޵ǰȵ૵磬ʲôǷ񣿡

֪Сôˣ룬ûֱӻش⣬ֻƽԺ󲻻ٷˡ

͵ͷСһط



ʱ򣬰ǰ֣ڴ߿ʲô飬֮Ǻרעģ

ţŵؽӣ˵Ժӵһˣݷá

ԣͷޡ

ҲıʣƺԤһ㣬ȥá
£ʹյ޵ߣŮƺЩ棬ϸϸʲôأ

ȰϵֽȥżۼŵˣųЦЦģ֮ǽˡ
شһ£˳סȭͷһ˾ǣ֡

ǣȥá

ͬλϣԺľϴǸԳʥʹˣһμˣӡ̣Ҳ̲סĴ

ʥʹյĴɲײ࣬һżףƫƫŴԪķΣڿһ㡣
ʥʹЩس޹֣ӣ

˵Ҳǻֵģֱüϵǿʲô飬ֻһȥ

ʥʹӣǲͬԪӣһ˫Щɫ۾ڰϴ˸ת֪λӵʲôˣ

޲ش⣬ֻ̧̧ʾлֱ˵
ʥʹЩڨڨСӣϲλԸ⻨κδۣȢλ

ԭϣһ£źۼ

ƺʲôԼҪģޱֱӽͿˡ

ʥʹû뵽ǿӲŲӻ˵ʲôϧԪѧ˸죬һʱ˵ʲô
޵˺ܿͽˣŴ󵶿λʥʹȥ

ʥʹܻͬһԵ˵ʲôЩֻ֪ʱܲѺõؿһޡ

޵ɫҲÿüĿĨʱֺܺõȻطȥҪȥЩ顣
֪ػָֻ͹ԹԵػȥˡ

һȥֱҹŻط

Ѿϴˣڱ￴

齱ߣô˯
ѧдʫأİѻһԣСȺ˵Ҫʲôѽ
޽нԾһ仰ˣЩ㷵ġ

޿һۣǺƽҺܶƱҪȢ㡣
ӣ۵ӳ··ڷ⣬Դźǽֹ̧޵᲻ء

޿ãЦһ㶼֪
ǰ˷ģŮЩ۾һˮ֪Ķء

޾ͺϵһ˰ļģ㶼
˵죬ϸϸҪϸЩҡ

޵ͷ֪뵽ʲôͻȻö˵û𣿡
ҡҡͷЩǽ˵Ϲһ㣬Ǹʥʹǣܾˡ
ߴģʱЦ

ЦЦԩ˼ˡ
иϰףֵܹޣǸʥʹŭＸӶֲϱˡ
˵

ɴ۾ʲô
Ǹ꿴Լ񣬰ͻȻñëëģǽ˽ˮ
ŮЩ£˱˵޻

㼱ʲô§ãûʲô飬ͽǶ
ƽ˵໰ǱԼżġ

ްû˵ȴͻȻ˷
˰һᣬƺϸؿʲôްסԴһɿ

תͷ󿴣㵹ȥ޾ͽãһڰ
ƽѧ

ͷһи£һˣʲôˡ
ŮϾ񱻻һ㣬Сӣ˵Ҫ

޲ԼȥǽڷסŮϸ֣ıļĥð˸

Լġ
ѧʲô




51.  ʳ   

ͷ˵, ڷ࣬ֻܿͨͨıǼ⡣

˰§§Լ, ģ
޵ƽ, ַҳ

, ˻˲, Ͽ۾, ۽Ǻǻļ⣬ǽ۸ˡ

޿һ, ЦЦ, ʲô

úǾ, ֽźʵ, лͳҲʮҳ, ЩС֣ŮҪǸŮӿ, ЩŮڴ齼зߵļɡ

Ĭҳ, ʲôôС֣۾𣿡
ǲģ޷, ľսġ

øҹ顣, ܽ

ްѲӵһߣһֳŵӣͷŰĲ, Щʲô

˵ܵͳöֱֱͦģ޵ĴϣҲԼ

Ůֻף۵ĲȾһ糺졣
ЦЦ̧һȡ

⧲ص޾ļ
򴽣պͮͮģ˳ƾͲԴؿڡ

޵ͷһϳһЩ㻰أ
ӣתϣϸֱȦ޵ǰֻ¶⣬绵

̧ͷЦһƽֱ仵ˣ

ͷŮۿģ󻵵
˵ôǻˣһֱ˼档
𷽲ſǱ飬Ů︡ɫ۾϶ԼĲȷġ

û˵ͷͬһᣬֽа

ӣԼյһ֣ޣִйʵİʾ

˹ָ޵´
˳ӵѣֱ۾ؿ

죬ЩЩ棬۵ֱžḧһ¡

ƺһСϸɫѪܣͷ߳Щ

ؿڣḶ́պͿ֬
𣿡

ŮССģһԵ˻Σ޵ɫƽüͷŮǸײĶ


һһŵѱ⣬ϣһûһµظ޵Сۣϱ߻Щ鶯κ졣

֪뵽ʲô̧ͷ޵°ͣʪĴУ˷񾭳
һ˫۾ͷǺһˮҺòã

ްؿ˵

Ц˵Ķ䡣

ֱۣ§ϣס̽֡
ģǣŷŵһԡ
㸸ĸݣͻȻһ仰

˳ĳʵöࡣ

Ƿţͷ֪ôͻȻ⡣
ֻĸˡһҰףһɾ£Ҳ֪ڲھǡ

һ˳˳ͷ˿ָ˸Ȧ
ͻȻؼ𣿡

¶Сͷϲ磬ֻͬһ𡣡

ۺʱᱻᰴסĴ˵⣬ģˣ
գգ۾ĴһӣҲҪιԡ

ЦЦ°͡


ڶЩǼ˾ϢذԺӣʱ򣬸ڶѾˡ

Ůڱ˸ն˯졣޲֪ʲôʱģŵɫĳۣѾ˴ߣͷдЩʲôӰڳԵֿͦʡ

űİ׳˯£̵Ųߡ
޿һۣҲûֹ

вסƵģһ￴һ

޼仰д꣬᲻صƨɣ
תͷֲۣԺͷؾˡ

ʲô
Ůģ˴޵СۣҶˡ

һȸ״ֻϿ

ϰһͼñȦȦǵλãһԻһžǵؽĴͼϾҪȥǣνǰѡһס

һͼϿ븮λãŮüëһ𣿡

ްѱʷЦЦʲôһˣ
˹ƵҡҡͷҪͬһ𡣡

޿һᣬҲŽ˳Ƭ̣һô

ԼԼˡŮЩ㱵ţԭѾҪʮˡ
ׯˡ

ֵסعģ㸸ĸ𣿡

СʱܻʳùĶҲմȾϲ͸ҪһЩѾǲеģԼ˯ˣҪƢССͣýʣһҪɱ˵ģ

ɰ޾Լʱ̫ǿӲֻ֣ǲ밢֣ʳĻ·ܴһ㡣
ûʲô飬֪ԼıԣԶԼһһǱӵ̬ȡ

룬ʵ롣
ͳûദ죬Ӻ𣿰Ǻ֪ȺѾͷǣʮֿɰõá

޷Լһ˲ã˸Ůļ
죬Сп̵ģһֻһûһµص˵Сȡ

ǣסһֻ֣ȥ·𣿡

޿һۣıͣסˣԽƫƧĵطԽ࣬ȻǼġ

һֲֵģ̾˿ŮƯµԳϧǰҲò𣿡

޷˱ʣ룬˵
һͷޣʲôش𣿡

ֻЦЦ˵ʵСԴöȶһһĺãÿֽʣѧʿԨʶ񣬴ĳ̶ֳ˵ñȴ󲿷ֵҪá

ռ޼ҿɹˣԭƣסԺͷǰվͶ˸ˣҲ֪ΡȷʵǣûȨЩ˶ˣȸסԣǳԴů֮ģһҪеġ
Ҫ;ַܲˣ粻ܡ

޲˲ĶܵĪͽŷõġ
˷˷ļ΢ԶһЩǣҪܣá

ͷ֪ҲԸܵģŮˣŴҪ˵һЩƯ
޾ҧҧĴҪ˵ˡ

ƽģ˰ɡ

ԭûǸ˼˵÷·ʮֲŮŭش˴ļ
޺ЦһüӢֿʣ˳ǣס֡



ԴӰݵĴ󲿷ֱսԺ޲²˶಻סˣԭǧǵǧݵȫʵǰв
ʵҪ࣬Ͼ˭Ҳû뵽һϸɢͯӡ

Ҳûѹǵ˼˴ǰ֣˺ʹؾ׼ˡ

ȻϲԶԶһ۾͵ݵݣԪ۾˿Ѫ

ޡԪ۾ɲһ̫࣬ǰ˵ͷ
̫ϴԪ˽飬Ԫһ˫ɺ۾սսūŲ
Ǵɣͬλһա̫ɵ

Ž֮ѡԪ۴˿ڴʮǰǸˣǵ۾һ˿

̫๴Ԫ۷˱裬Цλ˶ʮˣƾðϢأ
ԪﰲһЩԼѾǻʮˣҪһ˼ֱ練ơ

ҹԪ۽εĴ󳼣ϣ˵˵
Ԫ۵ǿ֮ĩһԼ˶óϾþӸλλߵɽм󳼲̧ͷ

ǽ۴Ժ󣬲ɰԿЦԪھʱѾöˣݸǷңճѰҩйﶼڸʿ

дʮףԼһפһ޵ĺھݱ飬ҪԪٸЩȥȻǾҲ˯ãҲԵĲ㣬ûҪΪϣԪۿͿ๦ߣꡣ

ƨԲ֣֮Ҫ
ԪԸѱעˡҲѾʵˣǽռţݵĵؽ磬ĸ̶Ѿ̲ˡ

бȥ֧ԮֱǺ˵һͨ

һִΨΨŵŵ˵䣬˵䣬û˵ϡ
Ҳ鷳ƣԪûҪˣҪõ˲ϣǷˣƴҲʹˡ

ЩﶼЩ´ĵ̾ģԪͷۣɫõس˿ŵҩҹ

ۼԪɫףˡ

Ԫ۶ڿյĴͻȻЩ̽ȥ̽Ǹ޵ĺ

̾߳ڵһŵ۵СʿʹүʲôأǰȥЩҩڵƷ˺ôĻҲ֪ôˣ

СʿøߴӢԭǸظ֮ˣǳЩװŪĵʿСʿһӹ鲻Խ̬Ⱦͺ֡
һЩӲû˵ֻ˻ӣƢأ㻹СЩɡ

ʿˬʵذһ־Ŀɳ˳ȡ

߳ˣžЩ֣Сʿܾļһ㡣

ĿȺ󳼳˱ԺСʿЦЦҿˣѾԶԶߣϢؾҡ

ͷûһԪ۵ƺСʿ˰ųһѵۣ͹ȥߵĴҲѰټ

ԺｻСʿ뿪ĺžͽңûһʹһС



ȥ˵ףʵûô졣

ʱȥĥˣͦģնŸС룬Ժӵڡ

ոѧҩҲʲôĿ˵ҩЩŮ˳ģӽЩµĲҩžڷЧ

һͷȷʵҲںʮŷ
Уʮֵܵͷѧˣ˾ǣҲܸһΡ

е֢״ЦҡҡͷλЩѷȰЩ˯ʲô鵤ҩá
ͬصͷӸסĵطźüҹﶼ˯ʮ硣

޵Ǻܾȣļ򣬼˯С˵ģȷȷʵ˯ˡ
˾úЦҲǲѵġ

ֶڶͬסһΪֻûʱҲЩǽֱʲôʹˣ麦ǾöýƸģа

ҹ᷿ͬĻ¡ǰѾˣͷļвסᵽҽˡ
ͬ£ͽһ벹᷿

ֵ˰ʱŻ˰ͷ

վȻδ˯°Ͽ
ߣһᣬʲô

ŮĻҲһԣûʲôȤһ㡣

ͬһЩصĻ⣬һֱܵڣ޾صس֡

ӽոҡѹ޿һۣϵص˵ͷ
ŮϸЩ˼Ϣ޶ߣ˵ӵ

꣬Цһ˵ˣ
գգ۾㲻ҪҽЩڴģ϶еġ

ͬŮͬĹɣϹƵķˮЩǰ£ӵǼΪģЩЩף˼˵
ֻķ˷°գѾ˺ܶˡ

ûʲôؿһᣬƽЩ翵ģҲԼʵʵŪġ
һ£ǲǺô

һս˰Ķ䣬ҲѧѹȷʵǱ֪Щ

˵öȣӶ죬Ŷҡҡͷᣡ
޾Цһԡ

ҲֻǿյǱҲģҾȻûϣ

ۼŮü޲֪뵽ʲôȥñ
ͷҲ̧˵ڵڼţ̾˿ԹԵؾȥˡ

һͺȹܻ齱ߣ̧£۾ˮˮġ
ôϣÿն˲ãҲʱʱ

ް§ڻҲؽĴģȻǷˡ
ͮͮģһۡΪѾأ

ͷһһֲֻ᲻صŰСȡ
ƽָ翴

һԣǼٵģͲҪˡ

Ҫ˵޾ЦЦס°ͣһָסء

ʪȵϢһ֣ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ޿Ůûʲô𣿡





52.  ͷ   ʪʪȵģһ˲ġ

޺ڲ, Ͳ֪˿޵ʲô

ϣ˫ְϥϣһ˫Ĵ۾, ˵, Щʹǲ֪ߡ

֪ߵ޺ƽЦЦ, Ѱ
Ů, ֣ܳޱҲȡ

, ԼҪˣӵ黹ûء
ӵСأ

˵, ˵СŮе²ļ·ӲһЩ

׽ס, һЩ, , ǻڴ

ü, СʱĹ⾰Ѿȥһ, ôȷأ

ƺ֪ɻ, ͷһۣƽԸ⣬ﻹҪ, ĸ˿Ǯ, ȻΪ˲ƣȻҪĶ

еô֪СأѲŸģ

޽ʵĺЦ, ʵȥӡ

̾˿סȭͷնĳһЩȥӡ

޲ÿɷ񣬲֪뵽ʲôͻȻͷסŮա
˽죬Ŵˡ

Ҫô޾ᣬü۽еƻø⿡ʡ

һ٣ɴͷ
룬Щӡ
ֻҪ;ǸʮԲ

޻ڿ˳ס֣£ʪʪȵģ˳ֱֱ鵽ԣһ˲Ĳѡ
Ůգ۵ģҪҹ
Һ͸һĵһ
Ժһ

޽ģܿͻعûʲôؿʶգƽط

޵ڷ븮ĵʱСý˼ʡ
СʱûãССŮһŰŴƵգŷ븮Ǻİģ֧Сȣ껭ޣҪһ߹һ䡣

Ϸ˵ʱ£ֻ˺úտܡ
С˾Ҳͬˣܵ޵Ժ

޲ҵѹƢ塣

ǰд֣ûӸأܰ֡
ֻվڱϿһ޺񲢲С͹Ĺڣӿڰʲô

޲ۿССͦѾ˼ַˡ
겻̲д֡

СŶһͷһᣬⶼ׹һСԲ⿴һۣžñĲ
ѾҵˣûһʱŰ

СŽŴ͵ɫģͲţһ˫۾գѽգٿޣСдʲô֡

ſڵѾྣ޷±ʣᳯ֡
Сգգ۾Щӵ˵ϣϸϸ硣

޵ͷһᣬգޱסıӡ

СŴ֣޾ɿıӣס͡
СʱǲģһôССˣôô໰˵

Сģ۾ûһͺͮͮģëСһϣίذͷ

޾ԼʱǸӲˣõ˲ɿ

СͰ͵ģŴƵСϿ޵ú˵ģҲߣſϣֱӡ
ʡģҲ

޻

Ҳ⣬ëʵıʸ˴գʲô
ڻ磬Ůʱпεġ

СʵӾ˭ǿһ˫ӻˮ⣬ؿޣҪˡ

޲֪£Ĭһᣬ˵̫ԼˣҪ𣿡
СŮ֪ʲôп˵СЦݣСѶ̵ģҫһ㣬̾и

ͻȻɰˣزգˮˡ

ǰ첢ûյĺϷ˽˸ϯʮҵرˡ

߿ޱ߳ԷӳԵԲ۾ĵס
ٵ޻һ˵ģרС¡

κõѾǵˣȷʵһõһ

һ߹⣬һС첻ͣࡣ
©ʾʱ޾ס죬ʱЩζƽ˯ɡ

̾˿ʱ;Ƥʮֳˡ
˼ͷ˲䣬ܵ͵һʲô

˸ţЦЦ



ڶվͿʼĥôѯӣǻûӾԺӵš

߳õСӣѵõشˬЩ޵شûаģɫҲࡣ
˵ӲΣֻҪû߿࣬ôʲôԼ飬ǲ֣ҹܱ˵ļˡǰ֪Լ̵̲סҪǽְ֪ˣضҪͷġ

ͰԼƵġ

ûѧҽĵӣҩҲÿӡ
ӵǲ鷳οոѧѧ㣬ӾˣȻ˳֡

˸࣬ϸĵװһСľ
š˿Ϳһֱ̾䷽̫ˣھǶûʹõζ
⵹ǰڷˣӵɫͿֱϾͻػɢһǳŵζ뾩Ũīزʵķȫһ⻹ǰ䷽ƵģҪԶ֣ػҪһЩ

ӽ˵Щ˼϶Щ죬Ǳ˹ģߵʱѾ꣬ЩˣϡǵԼеһЩ顣
ƺǸţд֣ʶӽм˵ƤЩ

֪࣬ΪҲûҪߣֻЩȻϣҿŰ

ҲżַֻЩˮ
Ժ裬ͬ˵ЩȤĻҲӷࡣ

ռˣùˬ֦ͷѩ˵˵ЦЦأüһɹԵһСľͷķ
ʱʱɫЩͻȻȹӾҪд

û뵽һæֹ˾ģЩס
⣬ǽаһߡ

Ժ˶ˣýи˵ĵؽ硣
ŮˮҪ㣬ʲôֱԱǡ

ûסᣬǾʮֶˣܿͲȥˡ
ƣֱԣֻԸһѣū̷ͣڹ࣬ţĴ¡

˵أҲɽֻūء
ˣ㾡˵ܰİһȥ

Ӳ˲ᣬ¶һĨЦҪйЦˣļҳˡ

Ĭ˫ˮ۾Ӱ
С

ʱֹȻ˵ĸо

Ӳû˵úܸӡ

ԭӵĹŷģ֪ôģ˺ƭһʲôɡ

ʼֻյĲżңһЩǮӵķʱѾĲˣϥ»С˺ЩǮҪβС飬ҲùһЩҪǮܸ

˭֪һգͻȻǿõҩǮ˵ҪϹɣýǵĶλɰࡣ

ӿ޵øγϣǷľǮٻҽҲûǮҩɹŲᣬǷ·˸õķӣֻһ٣;Ǯ֪ȥ˺δ

ҩãӲ˿ۼûûˣӼĳݡ
ٱĴƯ֪˶ٿͷҲֻõģĲݣҧҧһŮӾͱҩɽˡ
һˣɽѰ˰Ѯһҩģ˷

˭֪ʱӵĹֻˡ

˼˷·ת࣬ϲüңԽ߶߶ҽҲˣݺɣҽѬơ

ϴӵĹŴ˾ʮͬ˴һܣԸټˣϷҲ⣬ʲôɹߡ
ʱҹ뾪ѣֹᷢŶżѪڴһ߶߶˵ʲôŵĻ

˻һЩĪĶļӽǵʳӾͨҽ˺üУСǻ̻̲ա

ʵŶ˳Ϲ֪ƽҲ㲻ǾǣȴŪüҲңӡȫƷˡ
ʲôƽﻹͨĹţģ

ӲǸˣҲϢãۼõֻȥɫһձһѿ
ʱԼֻˣͷöģ֪ǸϲǸǡ

ҲǶ֪ģ۳裬ĸԼõǰʱµľ˴ˡ

ʱТպйſ˶޴ԩ˻Ҫ̱š

һ֮ˣʱձͲˣûҪǡ

Ȼϣ͵͵Žȥ٣ȴйŶ˴ţӹ˵С
ӱ˷ųʱ򣬷ַ֪ǶĻǲģʬ׶ϢػˣСҲ֪ա

Ŷ˵ϲЦտڳƷѾɣڱһӣȰһͬݺɡ

ȻĿӲŵ˿ˣҪǻ̽С䣬¾ͱˣԼأȥʲôɰ

ﻹиӣСҲ֪͵Ӳҧͦˡ

Ŷ˴ǰСϧӵķǰ˳ӶǶǼ˵ˣȰ˵˵ӵķɣ仹ʮֵ⣬ԾΪ˴£ؾλɰࡣ
ǻӣ˵Ҫһ˶ߡ

Ҳұ٣¼ŭǡ˵˵žͿˣǾǲ͸¶СȥһͻȻң˵Ҳɰࡣ

ҧҧôأССޣҲܾôԼһһ֮ˣҲý￴һѽ
ʱǲߣô߰

˼꣬ûзɾ裬ĸǣӾˣҲҲģҲţȷʵûˡ

ӻиСҪҶֻһܱķӡ

Ӻ˯Сϵϣһǽ͵ˣԭ˲֪ʱ¿ʼ˺ɡ

һƶգֻԼСҪǼӴЩҩ˽ˡ

򴽣ֻʲôĸĸУӵĹ۰ԼĶӣ˭֪˾·޶۵ĸĸҲ㰮ӵĸס

ǿ˰룬ӿЦһҲҷѹǿ֮ĩӲΪңã֪ܵ˯š
˵ѲѹԼ

ס֣ȷСӻ𣿡
Ӽᶨصͷȷ

ºֻҪһǽȥΣҲԸġҲͶ·ˣҹҹȥ̽飬ĸǶˣϴΰĿΪӽǶ˷ˣĸƲ˵պ¸أ޴̽顣

׾Գ£Щ鶼Ժ̸ҪǣҪȾȻС

صлȳԺӡ

ԺϵĲˮܡ
ӾҵĺӣǰСޣķ׵ˡ

ң֪жٰȥǺɡ

޽ȥһǡ

ԪзϢѾǣͬĻһж

˴ԪзˣϢҪһۿۣǸԪзˣȥģȻռȻиõĲ

ԪǾ֣ÿԳô˻ᣬͷ
ֵлһĨ⡣

޲ÿɷʾһԵķ˵

Ҳ±֣ض뻹֮УȫռȻѹԪʣļֵ

޳һᣬʹüԵúӢʲôǾֱһЩ
˵ͼϵһط

¼˶һۣĿжȼ𼸷ֻȡ

û˸ţҽݡ
ûԺӣԶԶؾͼиϤӰһɫĹ䳤ۣվҽǰҰ⻹Щҹ磬Ů°Ҫȥһ㡣
ŮԺǰüۡ

ŵڰ󣬼ˣԥһᣬϢ˽Ժ

޷ٶȣֹڰǰ
Ů۰Ͱ͵ģͷ

ϲȹӣĵãˬƯ˵úã׾Σ㾲վ£·ǹ㺮סˡ

ϣӸµŰҹɫԵøӢͦ
˰Σ޹˹°͡
٬ȴģ˭ҵӣ

գգ۾һ½ţգͷǳɵش޵ӡ

ЦЦ۾ʱֺƽƺŵһ
ŴС֣һĴȣ֣

˳ƳСۣ

ûӦǰʶطϣЩµ󵱼ҵġ
˽һ޶˶٣һļ

˵ȣ᲻أһ˲ú󱳶ˣܵԼҪȥϸֱôҲסӣЩ̡̻

޾ͷ
㲻

ƵصͷСʱܾûˤȥϷϲС赶Ūǹûʲô츳ϷҲô䣬˵ѧˣǣСɢҲû˵ʲô
ˣЩڳϣϾһ㣬˶ġ

޷סͣϸĵط
˲˲ͷǰĵŰĲա
޿˰ΣƽƽҺϵһЩˡ

ŭҪ޴ӺᱧסˣЦһĶ⣬ȵģֻʶһ
Ů߳ɫһ˲գҲһͨ

ش

˶ĥܸӵ顣
޳˳һַֻŰҽԶһЩķȥ

Щ£Ͼ̫ˣҲ§²£˺ƽ˵¾Ͳˡ
Ů˵ϣͲˣһƥë

Сӵ飬ʱʱҪһҽݵķӵĹͻȻͳˡ
Ժû˵ʲôֻͨѾڲˣܳ

˿ϣܹƽ

Цһͷ˼ҵС֪ˣ

򴽣С̵ģͷ¶˵գںڵķ˶޵°ͣڰҲȡСɡ

ޱƫƫͷͷһۣסһֱֻۣƽ㲻ǽб𣿡

ͷһЩˣַϣϸϸҲҪˣ

ݸС۷ư͵ɻԶԶģһƥϣƥ

˽һЩ˵˾ʲô
ûʲôȴа˺գ˰ΣŮЩӵز𣿡

סֲشŮֿ˵һ顣

˿ԶЦЦüӢز񻰡






53.     ҹ鿴

ڶ峿, ոսҹ˯˵ͷԺ
ҹ˺Զĵطҹ˲Ż, ʮֵġ

Ͳ, ֻú˵Լ޽, , ѧЩ
־Ȼʮ׵ؾˣҪ̫, ѧҲûʲôġ

ձ˯þЩŮͷĶ, 򴽣Сǵˡ

֪Щ, һСβ, ·ż, ˤˡ
һʱᡣֻаøš

ȹ, ﻹţֻ˵, ͽŲسҡ

Ȼͼͨ, ˰ͷ֣Це

Щӡ֪ӱȳ˰һЩǲ, ֻº͵ؽ, ʵǷΪӵ

ͨͷҲӣѾҵǸӣһ׼ȥ̽̽
Ѿ˾ŷֵİ, ˵̽̽Ҳֻǫˡ

ͷ׼˻ңЩȥ̽飬ͽסˡ

ͨһЦգҪֺ˵ʱЦһ仨л˵ý崺硣
Цйܸһ·ָ㣬¾ҲһЩ

С˴Ҳ˵Щˣ֡
ܸһȥ۾Ͳˡ

ֺͨﵽʱϣᱻðġ

Щɣððģȥǻỵ¡
Ů֪֮ȥ˶ӣ飬ȥ˷гͨʩչֽš

ͨѹԽͣȻǲġ
ŮЩԼ˵²ץģ͢ӣƫƫȴģպĸ˲áֺͨһСӣǲ߳ܣϾܹֺ÷Ůֺ𣬺³˫ԾǱЩֺãȴƫƫװģ˴󷽶ˡ

պӳ˴£ᶼûء

ҴһȫСȫ˳֮٣ܰ飬ܽļϵ˸ˣֶΪأ

޽ͳţһ˽гͨ⶯ܲסУֻƽˣȷʵȥѹͷãȥҲǺõġ
ʵܲҲӣ

ͨȻ˵ܡ

ȥ֣룬ȻҲţֻоҲţЩаɹˡ
֪ͨıԣǱ֤һʧŸҽаȥġ

Ǵ˸ɴʹȥӡ
ͨȻ涼ʮܵһʮֲ۵ͷȴõĺʡ

ͬһ˽ӣԶԶؾͼӵĹŻĵߴֻǼͬһ𣬲ǰˡǸɫȻӵҲ͡
Ӽ״ͷҲأֻҹֳȥһˣҲҴݾߣδš

˽֮ǰ࣬ϡ

Ƶ֣Ӿ͸мؿһۣǶлȻҶ֪ҪǺá
СڻûҵأҪллл󵱼ҵġ
ԼֻǶ˶ƤӣЩ˶ʹȥġ

ֻЦЦ˵ˣԺţҲҪǶˣΪԵʣǸŲӣҲġ

˳Ŵ·ֹսС·ǰǰСʱųļŶõģֻԵس̶ɡ
һ˵ʱƽƽСѾϢذΧˡ

ǳͨǰԸˣԶԶҲֹ

ֻͨмϺţȥ˳ײˡ
ȻӷԸ޸֮ȥҡ

Щ಻סҲ߬ˡ

Ҳû˵飬ӣֱֱؿŴӡ
ҲŲǸԣĴׯ¸׼ŵʱ򣬴ȴûʲô֪˶ȥ

ûһᣬͷһвٴҴҵشӴܳΪǽٷˣ׷ҪߣȴߵסˣСʱС˶ץסˡ

ͷȫԺ󣬳ͨ˰ǻһϾͯģȴһҲûš

̧ͨӽаţһڴ񶼱ֽţŶǶƼݣɫľΪˣԲ̵ӣǺаһ㡣Щģ˵ЩĻ
˻ᣬЩ֣·ûӣҪǿŴӣҪǾͿ꣬ŮҵãεĶС

ͨ˰ǼĶ죬˼Ƭ̣˽һͷ׵
뷢ǣ¶ͷƤһɢһֺܽ˷θϢۿ;ͼˡ

ͨüǿʲô顣

ľսܾ߼Ҫһ㣬̧ס˼ľҪǰѯʵӡ
Ǻˣ

۾ǰ߲ڼʱһ£ɤ˵˾ʲô
ڳݶЩˣҪ˵ʲô

ЩɻؿͨȻҪ飬ôһ˵˼ˡ
ͨҲüһЩͷĲӷ˷۾˻ᣬЩѾˡ

ꣿЩŵؿˣȷʵ˰ߣƤӳţһģ꣬ĪҪɾˡ

ھԹһϲɥϯǸСٵĸʱѾһ꣬˵ǴԪ¼ڲˣԪ۶ݣⱭϲƣһ鳤ٰңǼ˵ұһˡ

꣬ôܣ

ͨҲףֻȥ̽顣
һԻֽţ״ɳЦ峤Ǻɴ˵ĽȺ֪ͽðǴӣϾͻӦģ

ͨƲЩ翵ĶƵؽ˶˵죬Щǰ

ʻʵشǵϸһС

ͨһ򳪣а࿴ۣɣ·һ㡣

عӣ˵Ǵͷ˲ͯ¿ʵ

ɫڣżªĴֲѣ̫ҿ˵ǹС̾ͼ˵£ЩСͯһǰ̣ؾȥ̷˺ɴˣ˭ø
⵹ֱӾͳˡ

ֱüЩԼҲСģֵַرڻҪǺ£ôԼСȥء
ЩСںδ

̾ͱտڲԣ߶߶߶ʲôɴ˱֮Ļ

˺üˣֻҪᵽЩСͶտڲˡ

ͨﱳվһԣ֣ȵ޼ƿʩʱŽ˴˼ȥҪʹһЩֶˡ

򴽣ǲ
˭֪Ⱥ񶼸˽ͷһ㣬ҧؾǲ˵иĻҪȥ٣æһһЩ͵ֹˡ

ͨԭΪǸ򵥲£˭֪˿ʯ˸µӡˮ˽ѡ

ȺӦ̼ˣ˵ʲôðɴҪ췣ġ
иˣ˵ϾҪٸץǣס

ͨЦһͷľƣû˸ץ޵ˡҲмں͡

ͨ˺ܿͽ˴ӣССĴׯŲٻ˼ңҪǲСǺܿҳġ
˭֪⼸ʮ˷䵹Сʱûͷ

ЩСƾɵӣͻȻס˳ͨǷǸʲôɴˣиרŹĵطССƵģӦǷ˱𴦡

ЩСҪȥɣȻҲǹǴ

ͨﹰ־Ҫ˵һЩлˣͷۣæʹȥҡ
ؾͰ಻סˣȻ˴ӣͬЩһ

ҲżһɳճУͼֻһʽ򵥵ɫɴȹκã㴩ţεգһʱǺɶȺӣ㶼

ܿиСһ˼ҵ׸ҵһֻܽһĶڣҪǰţҲҪųȥ

һСŵƽȥˣûһͳˣǰһ¶ӣһȥüˣ˶ʮС
Ͷʮ֪꣬ץ֮ǰʲôӣ֮ڿž㶼ɫ㶡

һСССޱʱӱһǺ͵˹ȥС˻˺ѷεؿ
Ҳۿȣ۾ֻȥ

ͷСǰڳͨ˵ࡣ

ͨ꣬ת

ԭǸĵؽѣһʮ׸ߵ񣬵ϵӶƵģٶɫ࣬ɵ¼ѼʲôȱؾصعǺǰЩųҲóȥһԣ˵ǳѬ졣

ȺСһ㣬˸ˣһߣͷ裬ĶЩʵĶ

ѹֻȺֱЩС֪˶ãƼݶС£Ŷ㶵ġص־⣬ԺһӶùˡ

벻ЩСҪδǸĸ͵ģΪǽԼĺģ˭֪š
ЩԼҲӣȴ룬ɫ鶯ȻǵСŵġ

ǺĸΡ

ͨͰźһУֵʱڳ˺üãЩȰסˡȺҲгͨˣ˵ЩҪʡ

ܿͬӻҽݡ

ҵԼСȻͲټɵϼһ¾͹ڵϣץ͹١
ӷǲԼˣ𳤱ΣһԼԭصĻ˵䣬ֻ޲ý˴ҡ

ȻǽץˣֻﵹֹۣǵжʮСޣ϶˱ٵģǴӻȵ˽졣

ҹ䣬ϴˣû鿴Ͻž
ӱСã붼﷢ᡣ

޻ʱ򣬰飬ʱ˯⣬ſڴ֧°ʹ

ûʲôػѣݸһСϻӡ

¾һ˫ģӹͷֳġ򿪿ǸȭͷСҹ顣
ĵ̹⣬Ӷˣס۾ָ⿴ССذһ

ûмҹ飬ǰԪ۳谮һԵĹһҹ飬ֻǱС̫࣬ᣬһ棬ӴͷϣҡУʺﰵѵ˺üΡ

ϲߣͷһ˫۾ʮֵۣá
ȷʵãֵ̧סĴҪ˵һЩԼĻ

˿ڴͷͷҲ̧ط顣
ҹ鲦ŪͷһۣǱʮֿĹ飬ȱȱƿߡ

޹˹ϵϵ֪뵽ʲôɿ֣ƨɣȥɡ

Щգֱ壬СģѹҲֻһΣʲôˣԺٿˣ
Ů͵͵ͷ½лʰˡ

ЩЦطҳ飬̧ͷŮһۣҪ˵Щʲô

̧޵飬ѹյԼҲʮ𾢣
޽һͬףϾûʲôˡ

˰ֳŵ˱󣬺ƽؽŮҪ˵

պ˵ģ˵ʲôޱֹˣĬؿһᣬͰ
ҲѧŮѹͷ˹ָ

̹ȻģϲĶ




54.  ϧ   ϲȵ֦

޹˹°, ˵֪ġ
˵죬Ŵ˵, ˻, ԹԵذ黹

ȴ, ַһԡ
˿һ, аԼá

ط, ϸֱ۹סļ밤㡣
޲ܾ, գ§һЩ, ƽʵϲ𣿡
ֲ, ҹ͵Ĺâй˳

صҡҡͷ, ϲˡ
Ů۾˵, ҹǰ§ţ̵Ĺâͷ, ޿ϲȵ֦ĶǶ, ŵùĹҵġ

˿һᣬƿߣģ˵˯

Ѷͷ, ̾˿, ҹ޵ݡ
ǵġŮսҹյͨ͸һУͷ°ͣ㲻ˡ
˵˼仰, ͽȥ˯

޿һᣬָ̧˸ϵģôˣ

򴽣ͷսűĦķ졣

Ҫǲ㡣޶˶٣ֱŰ۾˵˾ʲôǺƽ

ö䷢飬һСۡ
˶٣ֽ§һЩŮЩģĽëϣǴå

޾͹˵ˡ

˰Σǽ޿ûڣҹ°͡
ҹ鷢ĹĹ⣬ϲÿɲӲͦԳ

鲻ˡֻͬĺᣬڰġ

ޱֵòգҪӶһȥ
æƵţ޵Ͻѵɲ⡣

ŮСҪӷŽϻǱȶϸˡ
޿ЦЦһŮĸ첲⣬ӹϣƽƽսȥʲô飿

һ죬Ҫͱס˸첲ŮЩߣƤģͷϸϸӦҲġ

޾˵ҴĻ࣬ش𿪣ſԶĵطź˵գ¡

һģſŲˣ˽ŷסСۣŮߣԼʲô
޵ܵͳʲôǰزס飬ѹѾдˡ

˵ȣŰϤϢŮҵһйڣȫһ¾ˣͷܿͰѰļ˵һ顣

ͨǶΣЦЦͦµġ

ʹһ£ҪҪú˵

һͷרעؿʾ˵
Լò˼ִͷȥ

ˣ÷·־һ飬㷵ģЩСĸ׼ģ¶Ҫǰγˡ

ŮЩ˸еģ޿˵ֻƵļ

ֹЩССʱԼҲʮֵĿҪʱԼץˣҲ֪м˻ǵ

ž˵ˣݵش޵ļɲûбˡ

޷ǳ̣ܽͷȷʵҪϧʹ
뵽ĵطȥԼС˵ģˮСһţģ˵ʲôء

޺Цһסֲ˵ˡ

ŮſȥǸ޿һᣬԼ鿴

ɰвסһǣǣָ֣˸Сۣ᲻أûа취רĿ飬ᰴס֡
˯šС°Сϣޡ

޴طһߣſԼϣŮ˿ļϣ˴ű֣һһµظļ

Ǿܣһ˯˼ûУ޵Ķ䣬󣬸еһЩķӦŮСɡ

޵ͷŮ˸Ĵȣ޷ܾκҪ󡣡

޵ڶȥ˳ȥһš

ͨˣЦеس޹֣¶źˡ

޿һָָۣߣϲŭ֪ô˵ġ

ͨǹ񹴽ᣬ֪Ҳʲôɣƽ˲ٹ˾

üһŵҪֽš

ͨﶮ˼ͷǣҪǴޡ죬м˼
룬ֱȥҽݡ

Щ»ǽɡ

ͨȻ¾͸ȥҽݡ

޾ڳУͬһĻȷһĲ

ͨҽʱݷá

ӻбһССкģǴ͡
ˣȴŲӣһҲҿԡ

Ÿ㣬벻Ը㣿

ȫ˿۾˵ôԸ
˰Σ׼ջˣֻСȴᰤ˰Ƶָ

ЦιЩ㣬Ҳ˼Ц⡣

ʱͨͨˣӼҲˡ

ͨһžһЦ˿ͺһЩ

ôˣͨ͹֣˵ǴӵĹ֮Ѿˣⲻæ߰
̬Цˣ˵

ͨҲӣ˿ڲˮ̶

ԭϰǽʮſʼģ汲ħֻôͷѾ޷׷ˡ
ǹɽϣԳƺɽ̷̣ɵְλ϶λߵͣϲ̣һ٣Ժܵ٣˶ˣҲġ

һ־ǽǮԽ࣬ԺĹپԽҲԽ١ЩֻʹЩܼ򵥵ƭʮƭ˲֪ˣвҲ͵͵ݺɣв͢١˹񹴽ᣬѩƴʹɸͣǵؽѵĵ϶вٽӡÿնҪϼѼϹҲȱԵñ˶á
⹱Ʒǹ̨ϣǻˣҲܸ˳ԡ

ЦǣЩݺɵĴ񷴶ĸƼݣǰʱ򣬲ˣ˸ҶɵϹ񶼲Źǻȶѹ

ͨԼ˵Ŷʮ̼ľͷʲôܰӹأ

ɻЩͲʮСͯǵؽ棬ÿֻЩˮʣµĲʳ㲻ܲˣСȥˣǱǺ̧٣СͯͯʱҲܺɵıӣ󸻴彡ڻ¡
СӱʲһǵؽѲ֪˶ԩꡣ

ú£ԼСס󡣡

Ⱦй룬Ҳֻ̾Ǹ˵ˣЩʵ𣿡
ģԪ۲ȢȢɲǡ

ͨЩЦЦǰݺܳϣĻ˶

Ӳû꣬࣬񲻹ʮˡ

ֱüߣƤЩήˣôֻʮꡣ

һŵģӵǲ˾죬֮治УʮͬһˣƾһװŪˡ

ͨ͵صͷͱ̬һЩ֪ǲǰݺɰݷˣԽԼѾ˼꣬ǺɿԲŽϣӾˣҲԽ̬ˡ

ܰôò˼飬ȷʵͨｲԺ˵ȤЦ͸ˡ

ӵŶһᣬСǰʧģ࣬Ҳδߣ۵Ĳˣձڻﶼֳ֣˸ʲôɣֽСץˡ

ģҲȰϾʧõԸҲֻԼܹˡ

ĸӶһᣬι㣬ֱŵʱ䣬ӲŴС뿪



ҹˡ

Ѿϴˣϣ׼
˭֪޾ֱң彣δ˴

ͷ㶵ؿ

˴ӿҪҪȥ

Ȼϴˣٳȥֻſϣһ˫۾ޣǾᣬԥ𣿡

齱ߣЦһͷŰʲôҲ˳һЩ顣

֪뵽ʲôպģһָС˵һѡ

ҪŮ֣ϸϸأҪ֣
͵͵ػѣ֡

޵ĿһֱŰûʲô
˳˵ͷһŵˮգЦһ

ͷԲ¸գ޷ס֣ĳԺӡ




55.     һЩ

Щ, Ҫ˵ǵùǰһŮ°, ֪, õһ, ҲҪˡ

˭֪ǶҲǸ˵õ, ͬõһ𣬽˿˸, Ƿꡣ
Լãƨȥ˾, ˭ҲҲɿ, Щ෹Ц̸, պĻǶʮּˡ

ԺС, ƮŨϢ, һϷ˹ڷǰתһ, ͷʲô
ѾǶ, վڽǸľͷ׮ӣﰲֻϷ˵

һɫСŵؽˣ, Ϸ˵Ķ˵˾ʲô

Ϸһͣ, ƤӣɫǺܺÿֲԷ

ֿЦһ, Եȥ

ϷһķԽתԽ죬ԲȥˣʱͬǱʱôû
һû˸ҽ⻰

ּʹͬҲô˵Ϸ˿˵˵ʮأʵء

ϷǿԸҲȷʵˣ޸үӵʱ򣬷үʱǸӣϷݲģֻ˵Ժմǲݣ֪һΣʹһΡϷĸ֣㲻˵Ŀ⣬ʱ䳤ˣүӷѱˣͺͺعһӡ

ӵ飬Ϸ˿Ҳʲô˵顣ʱȻעŮҲûصء
Ϸſ۾ﾫһ

ѰǿƵķң֮¾Ͳ

ȥԷϷֱ۾Щ˶ܲסûһ游ģ
ϷȥķүӸƣƽүһЩķүΪƫڼΨһģЩķ

ָϷ˴뱲ӣҲֻỹȰ䣬Ϸ⻰˵ãҿɵﱧƽˣĹͬүӳһģһϷҪĲˡ

үӳֻ˵Ӣ䣬ϷҲЦЦʶôҲͷǸúá
Ϸ˵˵ţƤȥˡ

ֿ˿Ϸ˵ɫ˵ˣ֪Ϸ˴

ﾲ˰ΣͷȻŮ˵ˡ

Ϸһüˣ
˵գϷ˷·𾭣ȥ

ZټӼϷˣϾʱڽϣϷҲʮϲͬ󱲶ֵˣЩۼͨѾֳˣȥZ˿Ϸ˲

ZεҲΪ˱ģΪ˷ŵ飬˼ҵЩ飬ǽײ˵ҲûʲôͶϵδСŮЩ飬Ȼ˿࣬ǵʱ£ʱˣҲ˻ץЩ²š
ƫƫͳ⣬ԸȢ˷ţһ仰ûƨɾˡ

ϷˣZؾص밲Ϸ˰ڰ֣Щнһԡ

ϷҲһƵģֱӱΪŽ飿

Z֪ΪЩִ٣ϴξΪ˷ŵ飬ͬһֵϷǰ
ʱŸѣԺȥ˭֪·ʮֲԸͬZһܣֱϷ˵Ժӣ˵ǿĸײڣҪ۸ȥ

ZٿĪ磬Լ·̰ͼլԺĶֳˣϷ˵仰ֱѷZؿڷƣٲ顣
ֻ³ĸͻȻ϶ˣ㶯̥ڷһֱ˵Ѿûˣг˸֪ߵӣ˶

Z޷ȷʵԷһ˿룬Ϸһô졣ԶݣҲ˵ȥǷǡ

ZţҪȥݱܱܷͷ

Ϸ˵꣬תתķ飬òŻүȥˣ㸸ײǷû䵽Ȩżڼ񶼱ܿǼңСսűϴϲ֪¶˺ۣȷʵЩ츳ڻһսŽǷһ˿Ϣ֮ء

ZЩϸ¶һЦ

ϷĲٶ˵ˣZȴ˳һһϷ䣬·ڿŮˡ

أʮţѵ𡣷Zͬ˲׽İڻ֪ˣºȻһƬãȻ


ʱѾʱˣҽֻһһĲ

޷ŰҪ͵ȥ
ۼĺҹ²Щ㷡

ѾϣȴŴĲӲ϶ˡ

ƥɫĴ˸ǣ΢ǰһЩ
Խú£΢΢ͷСЩ࣬¹··ڷ⣬Щˡ

ЦЦһᣬ˹ѹݲˡ

ŴЦ˵Сװǣ۵ҾͲˡ

һʶࡣ
ƽƽһٳЩͷ

Ī˵죬Ŵ£ƽؽá
ˤ˵ΣֻΧ̫ˣССؿߣ㾹Ȼ

޷סˤ̵ܽصͷЦһԺԼˡ

̧̧ȣҪ޶˶٣סСȡ
Ůͷ۰Ͱ͵ˡ˽һᣬԸޱˡ

˫䵽ϣŮ§ס˵סţһ˫۾ޣȵϢ°ϣҲǲԸҡ
Ůĸ첲ޱϸ˸ṴסĲƵһһµöͷ˵ţ۵ȥЩɡ

޵ͷһᣬֵ̧סŮĶͷǺƽż
ʶʶˡ

ͷ죬Щӵգգ۾Ͱ͵ǣ֣ʲôأ

ǣֲᳶ˳ͽƥ׳ıһЩŰָë
ƥȫûëëǴĺɫ֫޳ڵϱԽԶʱӢˣǲ̤һ㣬ʱֻʮӢ䣬ղǵһϸؿ

޳ô˴ͷգһ˫ʪĴ۾Ṱ˹ĺס
ȴŲϵϢԺСؽһŰ޻ײң

Ůڸ״ǰȺģѰﱧ˱ơ

뿴ƣȴһա
ǱһŽӲһŮذһ޽ס̫ˣ£
δһƥţܿ˫ִʪ۾

ǵסƵĶͷԶһЩ
ʲôֻҵıһ㡣

С죬ŴЦǺˣ޻ﹰ˹һֻƵ󣬽Ⱥıӵ˵֡
Ůϸϸģƣǰ

޵ͷЦһ
գ𣿡

ô޻¶棬˺üģϲؾʹЦġ
׽֣ϸ˸СɰֳŮģСιƳԡ

Ƴ˼ţͲסñӹŰײܲסˣסˣ޵Ļ̾Ϣ顣
һһһᣬӱˮģŮǣ϶߳ϸƶصһϲҡ

޲ÿɷֻǰѰŮС˵ģǳɵؾ

ʵӺңǲ֪ǲΪ޵ϢƾߴȣԴ߰ȵԼϡ
޽аסһסļ˺аȫУ˵Ⱦͺá

޻ȻʲôµģʱãûһЩľսǣӣܾóʵϾ;Լȫ¶ģؾҪƵϷ

ƽޣҷǳ᲻ϤЩιҪǺԸҲԸͬһֻһ˿úÿιʳҪιһڣʱԵģ˦ɫ
¹һӣԸһУԴش˸ǡ

ΪԼҪȥϾͽȵطסˡ
ɻȶӶڰҪްȥ

˳˳ļûаӺѰ§ס

ˣһ¾ͱʮֹɣ˳վԭأ·ղŹ˵Ĳһ㡣

޻ȻЩྪͷͿŲӣһʵࡣ

޵ͷһᣬ̵ֻܿͦıͷͳĽëǰŲŲŮҪ̫
˳˳ӣƾ͹ԹԵضһһߵüȡ

ӽţЩµġ

޼״סСۣḧ˸ɣģġ
̽ŷһЩƹȻߵʮȵղǰˡ

޴ŰԽԽԶҽԶԶ˦˺ͷﻹűģһ޼ʵգʲôˡ
磬ǲҪ˽ŮԴ޵ڣ۵ġ

һҪ˵

غ˿޵ֱۣң´ξԼˡ

һס֣ƽƽͱȥˡ

򴽣Ц̵ģҪǲһȥҽҸѵ㡣

޺ЦһģǺƽ𣿡

գգ۾ͷ°ͣЩӵҿı

޳˳ûס
ġ

һտĵطͣסˣްŮԼҸطšƴ˸ǣƵͣ˲Զ

ýŵģŷֵ϶ǿݲݣǵ̺һԶԶȥûһסҰĵطտý˺¡
Ůǣס޵֣ͷЩǳ֮ǰܻȥ𣿡
Ҫһ磬ײ˿ôѽ

޲˵ͷһᣬա

Щ٬ľٶŪ죬ߵذǰʲôѽ
ֻЦЦǣǣְ֣ͨͨĶ⡣

ȥ𣿡ͻȻʵ

һ̧ͷͷǺ͸һҾԸȥ
ŮСУպǣ͸һﶼԸȥ

޿ԶûסЦһ̧סĴϿ̾˿ܲס

ŴģС˵ģЩӵҲûкأ

޹ͷԼȷʵѾͷתˣ˵ҵı

һ¾СˣŮṴס޵ļϸϸһЩɣ






56.  Ը   ǳװ

ʪ, ͷޣᰤ˰˵°ͣЩ, 㲻ϲ𣿡
ò, ۵㾫, ˵ʱ, ̲סҪ

ŮסĦ˵°ͣ޲ش֪, סҵ֣Ǻƽ, Ҫȥݡ

üŴһ𣿡

޿, ᲻صس˳ĳ, ʵΣա

˳, Űȥ, Ů۾ϸ˵, , Ҳֿ
ᱣңҲҡ

˾ؿڷ̣һı͸Уɰ, ˰Ůļ, ģҲôġ

򴽣ЦЩôأ

޽ȱЦ, ҪȻһ˾ǡ

򴽣׾壬öͷ޵ؿڣһҪ𣿡
ǲԸȥֻǾûбҪˡ

¶΢΢ǰŵģβһЩƲ۵Ļȡ

֪ʲô𣿡޴۾˻ᣬƽƿĿ⡣
һ

˺ȻӲΣսһЩѹ˽ͨ

Ŵվֱӣýµĵطʼˡ
ŮЩߵССģǲŲء

ЦЦͷ˵˸ʡ
һ£ϺܵѪĪѹ治֪ߣ

ݸ˵и֪ߵģ˿˿Ůںڵķֹסˡ

ԽԽòԾմļЩߵǳװɣǳףͲˡ

޴һᣬṴ˹°ͣģ˵ɾͳɣ

Ų˵ġŴ۽񻨰һźΣտޣһӣı˵ġ
Ů壬𲻴Ӧ

޿һᣬһЩ˰ժ
ӹȥˣڰ˵ʲôŮ졣

޾գҧҧʪȵĴ⣬ܾá



ڳʱϵ˾ǣѾ޻˯һˣԶԶͼǸ߸ߵĳš
۾ͻȻЩ㱣ܾԼ·뿪ܾˣϸʵ궼ûС

ļ

ʮֿܣﻹóȣһ¾뵽֣ЩǶ֪ǲˡ
ĳ˽ˣ̾˿

޽ģ˵Ǳаš

ЩӾϣſڶ൹ǰ˳һӣЩϸ鿴ÿ˵·ЩԲϵĵطͽϵȥڷʲôһ㡣

ûаЩʣ뾩ǻмصʱͣסˡ

һڶ·ͣ£ϱһͨˣֳ޺Ͱ
޳ףŽ𣬰Ů̺ϡ

иСϷӸ⣬ֳ̽һ飬ȺǺһ̺
ǰЩӵһЩ飬Сһ죬Ŵ档

ͬ˵˵ЩʲôûһҲ˽аҪҹͻǰˡ

һԣӰ˱飬ʰ

ȥС˵Լ޻˯˰ҹֻúǾ
޿һۣûȰ˯һᡣ

ԹԵسС̸㣬޿鲻ŮҲյǰǰߣ°
ⶼЩԸ˯Ҳȥ飬գգ۾ͻȻһǳϤķ档

ָӵϣǳ磬㲻ѧá

ͷҲ̧ذ鲦ƽȷʵûѧĺá

򴽣ʱЬ̧ĽţᲦ˲޵ϥǣô֪ģ

ſһֿۣĽţã㹦ĺãȻ֪

ŴЦȹڵϣͷ

޴۾ЦЦ·ǿˡ

Դôͽ˺ˣ֪һ޸𣿡
ϵĸ㶼ȵģͼƻҪ

ɫ䣬ӿʱü۸Ӣ
ûʲôԸȻǺõġ
ҳ飬žͲ˵ˡ

ӣֵס顣
ֻð£̧ۿһᣬƽƽģԸ͵һᣬܹһ˵ġ

ջȥŴ䵽޶ߣСˡ

ֱסգƽһ

ΪԼһ·ߵ븮ЩԼھǴžͱˡ
ǰòԪ۵ıԺһϳˣǲҲӡ

İڴߣһ˫۾̽Լ֪ԼڵЩʲô

޲֪ǲǴˣǰδͣ£һ·˾Ĵ·ϡ
֧Ŷ·ϱ࣬⿴һվ½˷ˣǷǳƵذˡ

ﲻ֪Ǻθ룬һԼϷ˸˵ʲôϷҪָָأЩҪôЩ飬Ͼδ֣ú£ǾЩᷳȥ

ţԽԽõִ˳޵ڡ

˷鿴򴽣ֻһ䣬أ
ƵĽŲһЩ˻ᣬԼƵ

˵ˣѾƻˡ

̾˿ȻЩȥ

Կһۣģȥˣ

ҡҡͷ˵ˣСѧһ㱳֣ɫ

޳һᣬһԿҲûܿͣסˡ

ӦҲǺܿģֻǰ̫ˣȥų֡

һҧ־ȥˡ
¾ߣ

ǣֱլӡ
ԼԸѡҾͿ˸ƽ

Щ㶵ģǣߡ
ԺѰúѾߣԶԶͬ㸩

һΪҪȥ븮ءãŻع˿ҿ治Ըȥ

޿һۣϲϲ

ŴͷСմһϲѡǴҵ⡣

ܲƨ˵

͹ԹԽǣţլӶһȦ

լǧкܶϴԬ͸Сè

˿ãСèҲûˣСèͷСУá
Сè˸Ĳ˲Դ

˼СɾµԺӣ޲ҪҲȥһԺӡ
˲ԺŮϴ

ԺﶫһӦȫѡԺӣһһذܿͰСԺˡ

᲻ߣṴ֣ſСʲôʱȥأ

գҪģܿ졣

ԺӵΪԼҪסܾãû뵽ĺܿ졣



иϴȥǰԺſСˣϴԵһᣬʹ˽ȥͨһ˳ԺŽϴȥ

壬ĵǸ׷̣˶ԺһԴվż̵Ů
ſŰӣ۾룬΢̧ˡ

ЦŽӻһԵӰˡ
׷̹ЦϷ仰͸ôϷ˵

ЦЦ

һԵϴлͬдϻһԹֵү˿ڲδٷˣ°Ѯֻÿշҩǡ

ϴ˵ЩҩģϾؿڿһӣɲСˣѰǵʱͻˣҲãŹ
ϴɫ֥ȴûһֱ޳ذŰϵӣǲһ㡣ϴͻȻһͱտڲˡ

ʵΣϴУ˼ͷʲô鶼пܷģôͷѧõһǲҪ졣

м仰˴ˣϴԺӣϲˮ÷ϼЦˡ
ҲǸ׷̣˿ڲˮ̫̾ţǼˣӶȥˣЩʲô

кº͵ЦЦ˵ǣ֪ġ
̾˿ҲȰȷʵ֪һЩ

΢΢һԵŮȥ
ϿһᣬЦһ˵ҲԼҵĳ󡣡

ȷʵǱĲԣֻôˣʲô˼أ

д˴ͷϣġ
ڻһսʱԪ۸ոյǻڵûռ˴ݡʱݻǰסһطԸ˳ԪۣԪ۽ȥԾ˧ԶԶشƹȥ֡

һ̴£ǰˣɣһ֪ʮλ˳Ҷ̧һ̨ס
Ļ˾ǣǰŰӵɥ£žӭȢӵá

ҲŶʮ꣬ɫݰܵȥˡ

תתĲ豭ȷʵǲֻ֪ȷʵиԭӡ
Ǹĸס϶˶٣ܿ϶ʱСϸûнӴġ

гĬעòẉ̂˶ٱ

룬ȺСʱȷʵֻһҲ֪ôģǰȫûԡҪʶһЩĳ˱㸸֮ҲһıԼĪɡ

Сĸ׵ңǽݴʷԽ
ޱüġ

˵ҲЩΣȷʵЩѾȥˣΨһŮǶ˴УҲ˱Ӧ
вⲻⱨӦ۾顣

ۺӣۣ̽ҼҴʵûиҲ֪ˡ
ֻıԪ۵ȥͽı߰˰ˣʣµҲֻпðˡ϶ԷZӺЩӡģϾһŮǰòѽ˺֪һ£ø˸˭֪Ȼ顣

ſһۣ۾ûʲôίͿ͵Ȼиġ

ԭͬ׼ңүֵܣﱲﲢСӣҲֻʣһţֵǷ꣬ҲֻεЦЦ

ǣ˴̾˿ֻԼûиŮңиСӣ˵ͬǰòֻҪЩΣ׼Ҽֱ׾ٵ顣
ôƫƫͽдŮأ


޳ˣ͹ԹԵԺլʲôȱŮҲǾ̵ģ԰ܵ

Ůǽ˶ģ԰֪޲

Щԥ˷ҵĽŮҲ֪ǷҵŮ֪ʲôֱˡ

ŵ飬üֱӾȥ˾У

һŮͷū˽ǹʵлδޣӽץסʱ˵Ҫӵδ޽ͷýǻգӭȢš
ū˵ÿ£ͷŮҪǽ˽ͷֻͽһ³ˡ

ԭδŮһ飬ֻҪб˼ֻЦһ˽һƷвˡҪ־͹ַŻȥǿټ̫˲ٹŮǽơ

üЩţźôҲǸҹ㣬ô״
׵Ժ󣬵ûϣϾҲûʲôϵ

²ųʱҹû˯ã޸£ڸߴһ

ʱָһգŽһһĶ˰

˲˲Ķƽؽ𴲣˵Ҫȥס

գգ۾һ¾ˡ




57.     

һ, 븮Ͼˡ

ķԺһȺѾӹأﴫžˤ

Žһݺݵ, ŴӦ, ƬһŮֱ, Ѫصγ, ޺ĻۣžŭɢһЩ

Ůŵ, ֱһȵʹУۿת, ˴ȴҲ棬ֻܿĿİﵱ, ˵Ըˡ

źһ, ¾ᷳ, ȥ
Ůæȥ, ΢΢ϣߺܿ촫΢

ۼյ, ͷǲӬڶ, ͻȻ֣һԵĶ౦ֱƵ
һ죬žؽԺӵ

Ҳû̱, һԵСϻóһ, ջǰܡ
һųţҪõ֣ȻٽջȻͬס

ûаѱ, һ;ί֪Ǹվģ˹ؼʱ̱Գˡ
һȥݣ۾һᣬҲǹģֻŪ̾͸е䵭࣬˵ԼδˣԺҪͬϾ

ϣµ׷ˣǽ˻飬ҪǺãǽ˳Ц
˭֪Ŀ죬ܶ
űﲻʱǸһС˼ͷȥˡ

֪һȺǽǣǸװģ̬ȭͷ޲˺졣

СҲӵģܽбڱ˵ģž˼ҡ

˸ԼдŵĳϣһίҲԹˡ˵ף˲ľء
ԽԽޣǻˣԺĻָǺá

⴫Сߴߴź˿ͻȻУ۾·ҵ˾һ㡣
ϴξ˰ѡİʾ£˶ΪͬЩϵǸ˷·𲢲⣬ɡ
ҧҧݣﷺ
ҲЩԼġ

ţZͺŶˡ

Z⼸սŪþƣϷ˲ͬ͵ȥֻ취Ӱ콵ͣ˭֪ȥǰţǲװģôܸӡ󡣲ȻԺһҶӣﶼ˵ĳš
˵ףķѾȴǰˣͬûˣλ͵һ룬»з಻ģ˶ſҵЦ

ZܵģһŷִͷۡȰοôˣֻܽ鲻ܼչȥ
˵ȷʵҪúùܽˡ

ʲôZüëšһ𣬡ҪҪģͷҲ⡣

ŽĶԴһᣬҲǲںģҪǹҵȥݣȥѰˡ
ŽմƢΪҪţзZסˡ

ZһһģǰסƢĵȥʲôã㵱ôҪ˼ҹͷ
ǽзZʧĵطŷȻʱ£ǱϾֻСһЩȻͺˣ˭֪Ȼ񶾵˼Ҵ˼ҵץסˡ

۾һɫɷ׿ſģҵʱҲ˵һ˵ǹӸͲδޣǶ˲Ǳðˣ

˭뺦˵ɡZӣҲζӣͲã͸߹ˣôͬݣ

ˣͷȥˣΪڸѰһòͲŻڵļ޳ȥ
ZţȻõĽˡ

ȭͷҲԸ⣬ЩţǻҪҲ
Ŵſǻ֣ˣȥӣҲˣǲ׼ҡ

Ҳ˼ӿ⻰ʵ˵û꣬㻹֪þͳıˣ֪ĻΪǷŮеأ
Z˵Զԣ첱Ӵ̧֣־һ⣬һЩ

˭֪Zָո̧žͽһƿˣϷתŷǰ᲻صʲôء
ѲɻҪö֣
Ϸ˾þӸλͺһŭƣ΢ɤͽзZһ٣Ƿϵط֡

Ϸ˼ͷɢ˫ĿףȻ֪˶ˣֿһһƬǽ壬̾˿
Ϸ˽˸Ŵһۿ֪պαص
ۼҪɤӿʼޣϷ˽˶졣

ʰԺϷֽ˽ڵϵĶ౦̧ߣȻϧͲҪˡ
ű죬ñ⡣
ȻС˽౦̧ˣһһ׶ҲųȥûһᣬۼǾͶ뿪ˡ

ҵűϣһ¾ֻʣϷ˻öˡ

ϷƵλϣڰ֣ʾZҪ

ϷʵѾܴˣͬүһʱңԹٿ࣬ķ˲ǷſԱȵģͲһЩС·ˡ
żʲôϷƤӣԼֻ᲻ⷬίӭȢţͰ͵ظȥ

˵ʲôǽ˶죬һ仰Ҳ˵ֻ
ɵֻǸδЩԽۡϷ˿һۣЩɸֵڼﰲЩȻΪҺǰ̡

ZŴЩغˣҲ˵ͷԸĸ˼ܹúأϷˣΪҲͬİһ㣬һ½᲻ɣŶŽᡣ

ǷZƫģĵȵϰġ

ȶһЩԺϷ׼˵
ҲϹ£֪ΪΣϷЩӵġϷ˿һֻۣġ
뷨ȴ˵ڣܾû˾Ѫż˵ˡ

ϷģﻹЩϧ̬ЩʧˡҪ£˵Ŀ⣬õ顣
㵹ûϷ̾˿Ǻȷʵ涼ҪͻһЩ˵á

ŵͷＸҪѪ
ZѾմȾˣǻ֪ΪʲôҪӦأ

Ϸ˵Ŵ˴۾޷

Z˿˵Īһᡣ

ŴҪ˵ʲôҵͻȻá

ϷǸߵ֣ŵؽϷ˶˵˼仰
ûпѹһԵķZͷҲˡ

źסֻöһס

ϣϷü˱⻴ˣ

۾аƽ޲񣬲ܿƵش˸
ܾã·Ҫˡ

ģǿнԼһЦǽأ

ϷƳһۣĻ֪뵽ʲô̾Ͱ˳ȥ̽ˡ



ǸԪ۸ϵݵˣȻˣϢ峿ʹǡ
˵Ԫ۵ĵλΣǰջ˵зˣǵ׻ռŸԪ۵ͷʥּϵĺ¶õģҷԪɲС¡

ⲻǸͷʵʵҪأڶҪԪοʵһ֮
ۺøߴʣδ䣬ԪŷҲ˵֣檳ƣªմһߡ
֮˵硣࣬˵ʲôĶС

ǸͬҴӵ£ϾһòŮСӵѣܲ뵽һЩ顣Щͬõģƽ龩˵ˣǺõģܱϢĸðɡ
һ룬һ߾̲סע

ҪԼδޣнأ

дһɫۣСҲϸϸģ

ϳʥּ˴۾ʵûʲô

һһɫ̴Ӵ׶Ӧǡ
ȴ֪죬ʹ˾ǡ

ͷҲ̧˵ͷڻϹһʣŷ»ʡ
˿Żü֪뵽ʲô
˼ǿȺ̽飬пԱһϸʡ

һվŵӵͷǡ

Ǳôо֣Ӳˮ顣
òв룬쳣ڳδ

аϣޱؿһۣǾȥ顣
һ֪ԼǴ©ʲôִҴˡ

鷿˻ᣬд˷ţ͵ȥ

ϷŻδã˵š
еĹͷϷüŲ˿

Ϸ۾˰ΣζЦЦ塣
дţѾ̽鰢䣬˼ңҺձȢš

Ϸ˲֪뵽ʲôü



ݣԪһʥּ˶סˡ
ޣϴνǸϵԪôԼλ̫𡣵Ȼֻ룬˵Щʲô

ʥּµּֿ죬·ýԪ۵ĲӴߴһ㣬Ԫû֡ʥּˣ˵ҪּлģӰӶûһڰ˿ּĹʵΡ

ܱηֹֻԪ۵Ľ֪ԪҹдƪʥּдԺð̱ˣֻз磬̫ҽԺǿ˵仰ȴбָһ𣬸첲̧

ʺס۾Ԫǰ˰죬Ԫۺߺߺü飬һҲ˵
ʺͻݵظˮһ߲һ߿޵谮Ǽ˭Ըź㣡

ֻҡʺһԵҩ룬ܵιڣž͵£Ӵȥ޻أֳⷬģ
ʺװģز˲ᣬ̫ҽҲ˵Ǻòˡ

Ԫԣ˶֣һĨ

ΪҸ¿Ҫ㣬һ޾ʺιһҩԪۿĵҲֻдΪ·ǽˡ
ӱȥݽ˭֪Ȼݲˣһӵݵݣ˵ҪԪչֶҪӵٽ

Ԫ۾ɴһЩҪ˵ʲôʺȴ·𿴲ֻԹԵؿߣβ˲ᣬ֪µ˼ˣȥϵϳģı̫ӣضܽӴݾȳбӡ

ʺ˹ĹŮ̫ǣϸźţҪκһһǵԴ
˵գҲٹԪۣҴҾȥˡ

ԪۿŻʺıӰ߬߬ȭͷҲս˰ΣԪط֡

Ժ˺üֵģ죬Լһ̾Ҫȥ
ô˵Ůھ𣿡ϸȥȥǰԺŷ
Ѿ࣬ɫĺۼ

۾̾˿ʵ֪ҪһЩֻΪϳ֣ûи
ˣԶݣȻ޳ĪھǣǷҲòȥȻذء·ĻıǱԪ۶࣬ȻԪۺڴˡ

ͻȻˤ˸豭촽ڷҿİôأ

ײÿᣬֻõ˵ǻҲӢţ˵ϲҲǺõģһܱȣܱȡ
̾˿

ͻȻʼ˺һ߿޵ǰôֻˣɥĵģҪģ
һʱԣֻǲ֮ˣʱ˿ڴˣǻֽ֣ˣһͱȥָӻԸȢ

Ͽ뷨̱ڵأʹ޵ΪβһȻ˶Ǻö㵱ұ֤ʲôΪҲ֪㻹͵͵Ѱأ
ƽ￴ŶôģˣҪҶ

˵࣬ϱ̻ΪӣһŲԵģǲܲˣѷĹѪͷ
˵ɴһ˦ӣȥ鷿š

϶ڵᣬ֪뵽ʲôߵ֡
ҿЩʰǽͻؾȥ

ּͷɢִ֣һʱҲֻȥʰˡ



Ժ󣬴㶵ڴϣЩʱ
ͷӣͭĲʣģϱ߿һ治ġ֡
޸ǶԶƣܾҲĸ׵

ʲô˸ǷǷһǰһΡ

Ľ㣬࣬ûʲô˵Ķ
ӦŴЦЦǴ֦ͷĻģЩߵذӰؿڣȷʵøҡ

޲˲Ů˯ҵͷһᣬ

㣬Լ˯СʱǾϵĺá
Ůҡҡͷޡ

ĸߴ󣬴˿̰齱ߣ۾ϵϵᡣ

Щʵĸоշƣô죬۲ۣ
޽֣粻ۡ

ЬϣһֹֻסĲӣսб죬޵Ĳ˱࣬ͷ
Ů֪Щˣһֻס˵ա
ʲôʱأ

޷סһԵŮΪ
˵㡣ֱ˰գûʲô

գգ۾˵ʲô𣿡

޿һۣЦЦ
ƽԡ

ŴС֣ۣ롣

޲Ȱʰˣǣֳҡ

ǾҪȥˡ




58.     ļŮɽɾߵˣˡ

˸ۡǰ, ͼǰͣ˳һǶѵƷֱӼ·, òΧŹ
ϵ˲, ˱ɷϴǮ, Խˡ

գգ۾, ѹⶼƸ𣿡

ǰһ, ǹһšֵСӡ
˷ãһ

ʱ˰, зȥŮƸžͻ˸, һǿзļҵ, ǿŮزӡЩƸҲΪŮױһ, ˻ڱŮ޵зȥ
·ϵĶԽԽ, Ѿδ׳ˣƸռ, ֱ뿴Ҫȥ˭, ļŮɽɾߵˣһļҵס

Ľƿһǣ֪뵽ʲôŴЦЦ

Ůͷ, ŮЦ˸ļױ, ַڲԸ޸磬ǲǺܿ
ޱűطţڴֱӲҪش

ֻðһ, סŮ󣬽Լ
գգ۾ԹԵ˾ʹӺסֵԼϣƽЩطԽһر

˵꣬ЦЦ

ŲӣС˵ģɵز˵ˡ


ϷţͼǰҴҵؽСˣС˹֣ɫԥԥģϷ˲õüŵ
Ϸˣӹˡ

Ϸķһ٣϶ǽʱ̳ϸϸƣ۽ǵϸһֻɿﾹȻһֹȻ˵ĸо

ﻹЩǸ˵Ҳģ֮һ

ȥͨС˺ܿͳˣţͻؽ˷ҴլڶŴͣ¡
֡

ȹڣ֪Ϊһǣס޵֣һȥ

Ϸ˸ȣɫĪλϡ

ǣŽңϿͬһϷ˼

ϷƤӣĿڰǣŵһȦŵɡ

ͬһ࣬Щԥĸ
⿴˺ܶϤס

ϷһһᣬѵЩЩίˣ

ҡҡͷҪ˵ЩʲôϷֹ̬Ⱥ΢˾ͺãԺͷû¾ȥɡ

Щ㵣Ҫ֧
޲ͷָ⣬ȥɡ

Ϸ˴۾ķ飬ϰߡ

ЩԸ⣬̧ͷͼ޴۾ɫƽؿ

ʱԼģûС

ԥһᣬͷǣһԵŮȥˡ

븮һزֻнϴӽϴЩҲϴ˴롣˰ˣûм˸ҹۡ
صԺʱϧͷͺ۾ӭˡ

һ¾;ˣŰ˵ϧСŰԺӡ

Ϸ˶ûʲôѾǾ;ñᣬһֱңƽһЩ

Щʡ
ܿˡ

һĸŮͬĸġСʱϷ˾ͰԺӶˣӱҵСѾ˷̷ţദãһһ㣬ŮǺĽԺ

סĸ첲ȣϧȥŹϡ
ѹɽ۸ˣ

Ū﷢ֿϤ᷿·һ»صСʱ
ҺõúܣǶġ

˿ŮӵںҪûǵ飬Ȼõġ
»˼ңͲǷͽֻҪͬͣӶȻŹġ

ټ޸УȻ˵лˡ˶Щԣ˵Ӳδ޾˱ãвЩֵ˶š
ǹͬǶĸ飬;гʲô⣬Ż˴Ĺ

򴽣ǲԸͬԼġ
վӲϾҡŵ

Ѿ߶һ㶣һǺ̹Ȼĵʱ͹ˡ
ۿҪ˸æģЩߵǲصҵ¡

ܲģǲܼ޸ӣǴǷģﶼܻǣ̻ˡ

ѾҪˡϸһĨΣʮֲ˼վǴ׵ġ

㶣ðһʮֲ˼뷨ǡ
޷飬ʹǽ֪Ȼ֪ˣзһ˵Щˡ

ϲǣ⻴ȺأԪŻݵ黹ڸǰֻǣ⻴ҪȢ˰ɲ

һƷԱĵŮҲСģ⻴ҪȢġ

ڷ㶣ЩعķƣؾͺˣЩĿİǵģǵġ

Ǹ˵صᣬˣ⻴һˣȻҪȢޡ벻Զĵطֻð˸ùޣ⼸ĵ°ʲôô
ϧС˵ͷЩѾϲЦտˣӺȥɣ
ǹҪ

æ˵ˣ⻰ԼŶûš



Ϸ˽˸ϲ衣
ҵû뵽Ȼ㡣

޻ߣҲԼϳˣֻǵϷ˺

Ϸתת飬ͷƳһۣЩζһʱӹȥˣծˡ
ǸգͬҲʮֵȣһڵͻȻţ϶˿ڣ˵ԼǸʧĴүϷ˾ͽιЩʳסҲ֪ʲôԷС˯Ҳ˯ʵ

΢΢ЦЦƽҵĸ

Ϸ˲˲յۿһۣ֪˭𣿡
Ǹ˵˯꣬Ҳ˸ߴӢ꣬üۼһĮ

ӢоУûʲô飬ƽƽǵĻûйϵ
ǿ߾һ߲ţڰǰˡ

ϷЦһ߰ɡ
ͬӵĻԼǳͶµģֻҪӻԸȢ¾ͱ䲻ˡ

޲̬ȣϷ˵˵ͷŽ˽Ƹ̧լԺԼֱ˰Ժӡ
øߴִ彣˲һ·ͨص˰Ժӡ

Ϸ˿ıӰİ࣬Ͳһʱ



޽ʱ򣬰ʰ

˷ǶȻҪ޸޵ģ»˽ԺණҪʰһ
ҪһߣϧﶼڸϣȻʮֲᣬɻѡ¡

ûĻֻİλԼдһףﶼЩҪߡ

޴ռһֵƸţЩǶ֪ݣΪγںԺ䲢
һţ֪˭ˣӰһЩߣɲеǰĿ෴ֵͦȻǸΪʵĹӣ밢Ҳʮġ

ϧҪ죬˾һЩý˵

վ󣬳Ĭؿ

ſţȻ̾˿
Ժӣסʮ꣬˵಻ϲĵطҲкܶʮֵزᡣ

ҪԺӰߣûʲô˰һŷ
СʱдãշתĲ֣һ룬޺Цһ

Щգûҹдġ

޲ͬ磬ͷһᣬüͷƽҪͶߡ
ǰլܹзӵġ

򴽣׾С֬ϴСУиʡµģˡ
Ů˵˵ţԼ̫ˣæһ˵öЦ

޴ӣʮģи齣ǻģǸССľңһЩ

ﳯĺޣԲɰӳŮ

ǰСĵط򴽣ͷŰûʲôסһɡ

һգգ۾Ϊʲôѽ

ЦЦ˵ˡ

Ծᵽ˵˼Ŵա
һԻѾߣʶСڰѽ



Ǹ·Ļ˾ǣ˶
£һһģ˭أŻδ飬ŮģɶЩ˼ˡ

Ԫһ壬Ϊ˾ϲ֣Ů濤˸׵ӣϲһЩŮСۡ
չʱ濤ڼкˣӣͷӣЩŮ֪Ʒԣҵؾ͵ˡ

ڼни׽һЩ䣬㲻û뵽ԭҪ޸ӵĸͻȻˣҪ޸Ǹ֪Ļ
˵ǻǸ֪ð˰ˣ뵽⣬ҧҧ

ͤСۣ濤׼ĹƣһҲδЩá
ôˣŻ겻ģ

滹û˵һһŮЦЦǲ֪ɣҪͬˡ
濤üǺ⣿

æЦЦҪͣǸŮȣûϵҪ͵˼ֻЦȻͬˡ

濤ɨ˻һۣƤһæ͵ˣûе顣
ŮһЦЦֲ´û˭Ҳ˵˲㡣

濤һĽѾˣʱ¶ͷȺŮߣ˭ȵùأ
һ£¸ᷳѧŰ£ȴûѧ˼Ұ㾫裬ɷȮС

ˣΪǡ

˵ˣϵջЩһˣС죬׷״ü۹˾

ǾģһŮ˵ģԼвٷ˶ͬ¡

˼죬ǰԺȴͻȻ˸С̫ࡣ
С̫Ҵܽͥ£Ҫū澶ŵģǷҴӡ
ˣ

濤һ⣬б˷ӷˣֻǼ׷ʵΣ
ͥһŮ˶䡣

С̫֧ӣūδ

濤һؿڣʵһ˻ģ

С̫⵹ǣͬһġ
濤һ¾Ͱģ̱ϣ麹

ûˣˣӱضǿϰġ
濤˿ֹЦݡ

浹ü˵ģҪԼ뻴ҧҧ




59.     ȥԼ|Ұ

֪ϢԺ, ŵһӦ顣

ױǰֵĶ˻һ

һԵ֪ϻɴ, ȰЩš
Ƴһ, ȥ, µˣ

ֻ֪óȥ鿴, ûһͻˣ˵ӻԼĽԺ

ü, ûȥϷˣ

֪ȥˣͬһ, ūҲ֪ˡ

ţԽԽ, ⸮ֻϷֻ۳, Ϸǰ˵Ļ, 衣
žԼҲûʲôѱ, ˶ץˣڰ, Ҳһڽ, ţðǲ֪ΪԽԽš

ŻعѾһ亹, ԼԴС
ֽɫ, Ҹĸдš

ֻаһܽһЩ

ʰʱϷߵ־ˡ

ָϷţϷ˴Ҵ, ڷ븮˼ʮ꣬Сͬк
Цݴ飬аͬһȥϷˡ

ڴߣͷĲ飬߿һۣδ˵ʲô

ԼܲµԼ˲лȢû뵽Ϸ˻ֹŻ£Ϸ˽Щ֡
üǸȥˡ

ڳϣ־ЦеЩӹΣǻòá

ڸʱͬҲ׽֪Ϊ˹УֻǺܽһж˵á
ִɾ䣬һ˫۾ԵشŰ

Ůմǳɫİȹ֫ļϸ˾һֱգŮ·ƸƸã¶Ĳ֬üԶɽܽأݲʩ죬ȴһһСǿһĻض¶顣
ֲɫذһ飬˺ܿ͵˵طȴǷŵãϷ˵Сá

ǰѾŵһǳϢߴ
鲻Խض˶٣Żڼ䡣

ͬϷ˲׽СҲ١
òδñѾЩϷŸаϲõϷ˹ǰϣ۾תŷ顣һԻλ̵ıʷд游ͬĴںɫľϣ·˳һ㡣

һæջߣϷ˵һࡣ

Ϸ۾аλһ㡣
һһ

ǺϷŻ㻹и¾Ҫ˰ɣ
ͷ¸ʮˡ

Ϸ̧ͷϵıЩĥ͸תķ飬ͬͬǺӵĻڣ˵Ƕ£ӺһЩ

죬Ҫ˵ʲôϷֹ̧̧ˡ
ǺӣطϷתת飬ԭҪŮϾͰˡ

ʶ򴽣껹

ԼǶϷϷ˿һۣȻֳֵݣҪеΡ
áϷ˶˶٣㲻ܽһӶ谮㡣
˳ǽԵҲ޸Ҳ

Ӱһ𣬾ѾˣһδŮӣҲиõҰԼմճݵĹ⣬ǵһЩҲھ¶һ˾Ͳˡ
֧ӣһ£ãȴǰûǷǣԼֱ档

ĸ˵ŽĻ¡򴽣ͻȻͬˣֻǻͺˣȢ˷ţǽԴϲ

Ϸ˻Ҫ˵ЩʲôһβڣֱӴŮС˽ŽŮ˵ҲףŽսŮԺӣŮᱻץߣܴһ˵ҶǲǷġ
˶٣Ҫ˵ŮռʲôˣŮǲϵġ

һ¾ˣ̧̧񣬲廰

ԹϷ˳Ĭã˵ȷʵãҹȻᷣ

ЦЦһƬͣĸԹˡ
ԹҲǰǸģϷ˻δ÷š˶ԷŵƫѾùˡ

Ϸ˲˵ˣﲻסתŷ飬òŵŮһӣͼĲҲʢҷ١
ܱ֤һӶǻӼ񣬾ûܽоǵý̤ż
Ϸ˵ͣһ£Щյζ㻹̫СˣеǷǡ

Ϸģϸؿʮֲϵݡ
ǰЩϷ˵ģ̫ϣ̫ǿӲŰǴžӸµζڰȴͻȻûľη֮ġ
бضʹ˺ܶôȻϷΪ˵ϷˣҲǸƫģΪȨͨˡ

ţϷҲЩģУСǸᴦЩϵˡ

ʱڹӼͬһ飬ǻᱻԪţʱѰȥͬӹһ֡

ʱеĸƨ棬˭Сӣƶһȥ˭밤
ӴСӰԵһ԰ǶŪð硣ŴƵ۾ƵĴţС˵ģǲһÿӲŮĶͷϺһƬ
СŮۣίͰ͵ĵӣ۾޶ҿ޳

еʱǸС꣬£Űȥ˲ŴֻСһеĻ޵죬ӰʪˣôҲ岻á
ҹϢسȥһˣӾˤȡ

úã꣬ͽ˭ҲĲϡӶͬ϶

˰ͷľУٶˤȣʾãˡ

ƽͣϷӣĸĺⰢˡ
ѾָϷ˻ΪֹǾܾˡ
һºͣȴִ֣ӵĻԼһѾˣڷ£٣Ծ䲻ӣӿݴȻǰĸ֣ίӣȢ˰ɡ

ǸŮ̬ȾȻǿӲ
ϷЩ죬̶üҪִԲˣ
ͬ޻һϷ˾ðѾЩ˺ǲõı仯

εڷ˹ɳζҡҡͷԼִԲ򣬡ĸǱضҪ޵ġ
ϷĪĿЩ׽͸ҴҲǱضҪ޸ӵġ

˴۾ҲһҪҴӡ

Ժ󣬷˸Сӡ
ӣȥˡ

ĸǷţһ۷ɫĳȹЦŸϷ밲

ǰŲߣźžˣһֱء
ϷƳһֻۣʲô㴵ˣûڿġ

ż̬ȣЩڨڨҾĸ⼸ȷʵЩˡ

Ϸһȷʵ

һҭѾЩѿˣǿŵĸҷżˣ֪ǰЩӹĺòãŮܵ

ҵûϷ̬Ȳ䲻ȵģϷһЩģŵûﷴ˿

ϷȴʵЩŭˣǰû˰һͬץȥˣǼˣǺµĽ̬̽ˡ

ֻΪûа½һ¾ˡ
ĸҪ޸˰ɣβͽ޸أ˵ŻЩ졣
֪ʱҲˣҲΪ˷ҺãܽзҼһף˭Ҳ˵ʲô˼

ϷƳһۣͻȻЩֻۣԸȢǲԸޣûһ˵

ϵЦŹֺõζϷ࣬ûʣ˵ӾԸأ

Ϸ棬ŷЩ˿û֪֮
ûǸϸţƽ׵ۡϷ䵭

ɫһףӲڵϡ
ǼصĻˡ

Ϸ˿һۣԽԽзơ游ǸӢµӣĸҲǸǶıеˣôͳ˻ȴûгϵҲ޴ʮ㡣
ȥʡúЩò˵ϷޱعĽա

Žһ˵ﺬᣬͻȻ˦ߵѾӣԼһܳȥˡ

Ϸҡҡͷ˳ȥ
һԵǰϷǣϷԺǱЩģж︣

Ϸ̾˿ﻹиǻͺˡ
ǣǼ鷳¡
Ϸ˱˱۾ܾӲô׷ġ

ּ״յϷ˶ߣ˵Щʲô
ϷˣǾȣЩ˵ĸо


صԺʱԺǧ

˴ӣüûʲôһСӡ

һһĴܼңǰϵЦǽӲģס˵ˣĪҪΪҵˣԺǲЩġ
Ϸɥ־⸮ϣ˶ӵԺиСɽҲѼ

޴˾ͲɫסܼңСԺֻزǣȡ
ܼҿЦһʵ޷ֻȥ

ˣͷҲֻ̧ҡ
ΣԹԽң޹һͽˡ

ѾǶȥˣﾹȻ˱Ьϡ

࣬

ͻȻһ飬ҡҡͷҲȷʵǲˡ
ͷޣŮװͰ͵ģôһֳ˻

ŮѷƴĺɰȡŽתעԺˡʵ´Щоģ޲ֻǸˡ
û뵽ߵ졣

࣬ӷ˸棬¶ϱһ֣ģ˺ˣʲô𣿡

ܹҪ޸ޡ
ϣֺܣЩ˼ֺҡ

ЦһŰƽԸá
סĲᱧסղգ۵õġ

һֻͬԪ۵飬ûʲôڲϣҲֻǸͨˡ

ЩܲˣԼҽЩ񣬻ɽϼʬ壬Ůʶ򴽡
밢ܵĹһС飬ѧĿģȨӾһǸ߸ܵġ

޴ӣ˵ûֱӷ˿͹۵ֻǸݡ

ǽҵٵЩѣ޾ס֣شĸ⡣
޶ϰкܶûбҪġ

ҲǿԻ˵ġ仰Ů˵øС½ˡ

һ룬ƽûʲôġ
Ѷȵؿڣܸܵ˵ʱǻշ顣

ȷʵˣﻭԲģΣ𣿡
ԪôĻʵۣܾǸɽһƿ˵Ӧ˵󲿷˶ΪġڻȨ֮£ѲһЩäӵĹ

ûʲôԴܳʵκ鶼Σա

˵⻰治ãܽһЩõ飬ϲ˲䣬ñǼⰤ޵գȵһ
磬Ҳһ𣿡޴ߣаЩطȵģЩطġ

޺Цһ˲ƽġ

򴽣С죬ܿƵǣؿһֻСڡ
Ůǰ˲䣬һ˫ˮģڰ磬üˡ

΢ЦƿҲСԴ

ҡͷͷɢһЩ̾˿ЩǳĸԸҼ޸㡣
޲˲Ķƽ޲ƽƽ

ŴЦҼ޸ǻˣ

ްֳ󣬿Ц

һŵͷǲܵģϲ㣬Ҫ޸ġ
ްԼСĽŲƽˡ

ǰһЩϣͷᣬĸΪѸ𣿡

գˡ

ߺߵЦһ֪Ϸ˹Ʋ˵Щû
ŮᣬŹɰζӣЩӵҰ㣬硣
ΪϷ˵Ļˡ

һƽؿƺΪ
򴽣ȵؿڣۣҸý㿴ҵġ

ŮСȣãָڲ᲻صص˵ļ
ֻ˲ͷգһָŮؿڣ˵λãᡣ

ܸܵÿһЩᣬǸС˾úܿɰһֳֻ˳ĳ

죬ÿ˻ŮһԿ˿Сʲô
żһǰͻȻȺĸо

סգԼЦһ˵һ飬翴ǲˡ

˰ӣ޵գ۵˵һ顣

ջ֣ӣͷ

ŮС˵ģ̧°ͣЩӣ㲻𣿡

޿ŴЦЦŶͷ˵ˡ

Լƭˣᴸļ򣬡滵

޾Ц֧һȣԭԶЩİַ
簮㡣ƽȥԼɡ

ûʲôרעؿŰںȢ㡣
㹻ˣٶҪͷתˡ





60.     סеİ

Ϸ˵Ļ, ЩӦԸڷ븮סˡ
ȻҲǿҪҪЩߡ

˿Ժ, , , ϸһ, ЩҲʲô
ʱٻ븮, ЩȻл䣬Ժи࿪ĵ, ЩҲա

ԺѾ޴Ƹˣװ, һֿԺӡ

ŮͻȻǣס޵, Щ, СЩƸô죿
ԽԽĻ, Ůüëţ֬ϸ𼸷ãȻ, Ҹôأ
ϷǲԸ޸, Ҳ޵ġ

ļ򣬽Щ
˴źɫĳۣüԽӢͦĿƽ, ֻġ

ﵽסʮԺ, Ȼ
ͻȻ̾˿һ£磬ʵֻһ˵ϲ

޿˿Զ, վŮԣǰǾ仰ûбҪκ˵ϲ

򴽣ЩЦ⣬һ

ҪŰ뿪ЩƸͣڰԺ
ŮЩģϷ˿ô졣

ֻЦЦҪģǲҵġ

Ժӣﲻ֪ΪαЩˣǧأǧ
Ůȹȥϰ˰ĽëϣЩᣬҶûôء

һᣬԺ󻹻кܶǧ
ٵ޾ԺǧʱڷҺ޲ԼǸ͸ˣǧȻ޷֧

ͻȻЦЦ˻ȣţͺʱǧˡ

뿪븮Ϸȷʵûֳһء

һģǲٻˣ

ܸɴصͷŮûдκζ

ֽĸذɡ

ڷ븮󣬵ǳԴȱϷ˴δ

ҪʱZͻȻ׷˳
δֳһʱһ¡
֣

ZϻЩϸϸϸһֿޡ
ûʲôֻͬȥϵ㡣

Zеĸȴûü
ԾԼͬеٮٮߣޣȴ·ǰһͷ

ͷСû˵仰ĳûʲôӡ󣬲֪ΪʲôͻȻסԼ

Zһ򲻻˵ͬ˰죬Ҳֻĳһ䣬㣬Ը𣿡
°в

ŴЦЦַİɣҺܺá

ZЦһ޴ãҲûа취ġ
˽һСţĸҪļױϸһһġ
Ϸ˴ױ⣬һӦ˷Z

ҡҡͷĸ׸ǲҵġ
ZĺӣͷϵĺԽԽ࣬ģĸ˵Ǹġ

򴽣˵ЩʲôZ˿ڿˮ
ĸԲ㡣Щյش˴ͷҲĲá
һСϴЩ˼ﶼЩɬǶ֪ˡ

㻹мҵģʱʱòã

׻ǸСϻӣZҲջ
źüѷ븮˦Ժ

ЩҪҪǸ鷳¡
Ѻӷһԣɴ಻ˡ

˾ʵæΪֲڣ޾ͽеи

ҪǹܲأʵѧЩģϲھǣϷҲģΪСʱﷸ£һʵӶûС

޽Ҫţ˼¸֣ش⡣
ýĸ̵ְֽ飬ת

˵Ǻģɣʲô¡
ްϣϵûʲôƽ÷ЩǮ
˵ǲǣ

£ǿǿؽˡ

ʵЩԭѾӣᣬһһҽܡ
ߵĴѾߣ͸

ᣬѵ˷ϸϸ֫վֱֱģһֲֻ֪ǲЩţӲش࣬ˣ˵ģ
ԶԶվ¿·𳤴ࡣ

˼죬ЩˣָѾյ

һЩʮ̽Եģ޲ϯҲ˴ţһ͸ġ
׼һܾˣֻòע⣬һ濤ȥƷơ

յ濤ӣЩſϴŮǰЩͽͨˡ
˾һˣ濤Ҳɨһ۷硣

һǴӹͳģǴӡ
ԪֻжӣȴλͨͨиʺԪ۲ġͱ㲦һլŻ¡Щûĸշ㶼̻ʺıϢ

ĸδԪ񻹺úõشڹѾɻüˣԪ۵һӣԪշһЩҲһЩһĸš
ͬĽ٣˼˸֣ĽȦҲһ֪ΪԼ

Щ֣ԼЩΣһʱ֪òȥ硣

լӣǰһٵľլˣһֱסֱ޽˾ǡ
լӱȷ븮Ķ࣬޵鷿ǰԺԺںԺ˵һլһ˶Ҫһˡ

ھҲıʿвٶׯ͸ס

Ͼھǡ˹֣ˣݱ߽̽飬ϰǰȷʵǴԸЩˣȥǵĳӣضûھ֮С

ҡҡͷǰĳӣǳ;лȥϣ뿪пܵġ
;пɲֹǶţĪʧˣȻ˱һ

ɫÿۼҪްżϡ
ȥ̽飬ӴЩˡ޶˶٣ҲЩ֡

˶һۣ˵ˡ

ͷӦˣ룬ֵˣӵİ
ֱӱǰԺ

ؿһۣûʲô

ӷһԣ˼¾ȥ¥𣿡
Լ˷ϣ˶档

޳ŵʱ򣬿ֽмĴ鲼·ˣûм㣬ʱʱǰ
ߣϢʾһԣ̾м´ȺУǼΧ

ֻһۣ

˲¥ų۵˵ڴм佲Ĺ¡
⻴ɲС˵ݣСʶĶ֣ݴʷжԨԴ

˵˺һͨв˶ԡ
񾩳Ҳң¥ӣ´˵ｲܴ龩ǡ

С޵¥ߣԭûʲô飬ţȻü
һԵϢشǸ˵ˡӲЩˣ˵ʲôԾĵط

˵˼𣿡ֹסŲǸ·С

С̵ͷԭǸţǽǹүгԲģϸĸͣлСɲ𣿡

Ĭؿۣʾ¡

Сһȥ˶¥᷿һĲ¥һᣬ١

ϱ볤ԶҲǳ˵ϻˣԲǰͼͷԣԪ˴ǣиڼңЩڳе˿Щ

ϱǲԸģǷұ⻴ͬĹϵΣȻܱܣǵǲҲ

޽˸裬ϲؽţֻҷɰˡ

˴δкξɿ
ɣס˴ԪİڽɽҲ֪Ǵðġ
ޣ䣬һɫۣŹɾþλ֮Щ֮˿еˣ˱ȻǴŴ󻧳ġ

֪ҲкҪ𡣡ϵԼʲôطֵñ£ģϽֵܣͷּˣ䶼ڳι٣˵ĳҲǸƷС١Լǰѳ˦øɸɾҲûʲôֵ޳ıġ

ްеĲϣƽƽϣмҪи

ֱü벻ٵĻʲôҪиģ۾
£ֻڼŪݣȷʵûʲôµĵط

޲ĻֻЦϸ֪ЯţձҴ¡
Ͽһۣ˲֪
Ÿͬ޽ӴǷվһ壬Сӿǽ°ȥģδ̬Ҳ߽ġ

̧̧֣һԵʾԱߵ̴ӣСϻˡ
СشԺ󣬹طڷǰ

ҴӲԸޡЦЦϵı黹ǵģʵȻҪȢҴӡ

ϿСϻӣƤסһ¾Щڸصش¡
βЩȥɩӣȻԸ⽫ġ

ӣش⣬ֻϾɿһա
˽Сϻó񲼰ãطڷǰ

Ͽֿۣޣǵ۾Ĩ⣬㲻˶ڣ

ֻ΢΢ЦŷϵƷ

ϻΪ͵ˣȴû뵽޲ˣֻ˸ˮ
֪𣿡

ƤһƣﵹЩĪô⼸˸顣
ʵǷӣ̬ѾЩˣ˵Щ

һûʲôؿŷϣǼġ
۾룬ɷµǸõһʮˣ½ղǶˡ
ϸԼߵģͬؼʱ̵ҪȥѰ˵ǲˡ
ɩӽˣҲס͵ˡ

޺񿴲װģֻȥ˾û
ϵͷʱ¼һ˶֪ġ

޴˴۾֪뵽ʲô



֪޵˰ԴҪԼﵽ¿ŴʯͷԼȻҪģֻҪҸʵʱˡ

濤ʹİ֪òȥ

ȥ濤ʲô󷽵ˣպֻҪӲǱ۾۾ġδôӴķҲǸˡ
ǰѾδЩˣԲ徲

һʱþֽţרעڸеǽȥֻȵʱ˵

һլӴССĸ飬Щӵ٣ҪһЩ˸档

լѾʮˣﶼһϹܼҲûʲô©
ղˣСʱЩԾˡ

⸮ÿĻǧӣЩɣǻЩӣ⵽ûʲôֵģֻô֣Щأ
֮ǰڷ븮ʱҲ֪֣ϵĻ˱ôϻֻǧӡ

Щò׼ĿȻЩģ⸮ܲܲԲȰɡ
ֻýзȥǰԺһʣµʲô˼ˣҪδá

ǰԺֻԪͬڣ¸ǸϵˣԪֻһᣬ޵̬ȣ֮͸߷
⸮ûзӶõˡ

漴ȥ

ۼСŮ첽ȥˣʵСӺδ޽ӸϵˣԽԽˡ
ԪƳһۣЩҲܼ޽ǹӵĺլ֮ˡ

嵹ҲֻЦΪŮȻԸӵķС

Ԫ첻ߵģԶһЩ

廹ʮֺ棬̧°ܼͣҵģ˵ҲģͷĪЩŵ

ԪʷˣŵǱҵūţźľˣͽӴգֻܼҵūŵϢͷģ󡣡

ͷԭⷬԵʡ

ǲ֪ͷǷ̸ۣ˷Ļظ˽ǹ

µĵͦģǸЩ͵ӣɫĳۣһ͹źʵ
ӡ

˭
±֣ʰӿʲô£⸮ҪʲôȱģūƾӲǲ
ҲҺʵ˵ʱ΢΢ͷƺϿһۡ

⸮ȷʵʲôȱҲûżʱ飬ֻ⸮ϸ˭

¹ֵūӣӿҪЩʲô

ûֻ˵ЩҪʣֱӽȥµ
µԭţ޵¼Һͱ˽ҵģָɷ˱ֽӡ

ͷһ˫۾žͱɷĶࡣ
ӿʱǸ໹ˣ˰ͷ񣬿еӡ

ǰԺеʱͼˣֱӽʵϵĲһ㸺𣿡
ӵͷǣϻЦ

˶ꡣ۾˿ڲ衣

շСӣСͷǴúܡøһ㣬£Ƿ⸮˽ʮ꣬ǱȷСⲻµСͶһЩЩϵ˼
Цʮˡ

Ѳ豭һԣʱʮ꣬ҲͿ๦ˡ

һЦ˵Щʲô͵Щ꣬ʶû
һ̾͹ˣӿԩūˣС⸮û죬⸮ϵ

ﵹǾӶˣֻ˵ˣżæŵ貹ˡ
Ů֪С׶Ǯһ

һ㶣һԵܼϿܼҲЩˣ˵κ
˰ŵǰǮһ

򴽣ƽԵĲ׶ˣﻹЩϸС
ƽùС׵ġ

Щ㶵ģҪ˵ЩʲôһԵܼһѴȣһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ

ֱ𼱡װ֮Ĺ˾ЦЦȴһƬ㵽ЩʣҹȻ
Ƚһ˵ϡ

һԵܼҲŹϢŭжЩᣬƼҵ飬СǸȥģūޱżǻˡ

û뵽˻ͷĺܣֻһԺŵļ£ȥʮһ֪

µͱ޽Ȼ£̾ͽ˱˹

ˣһ¾Щ˲ϵĺ˶ֱ˼֣·𲢲²һ㡣
ǲ֪Ǹ϶ļӣ⸮źͷȹ궼һЩˣɽūǺģūȥǰһ״

Կһۣ䴩Ŵ粢棬ϻϸۣųָס
լﳣûˣǰԼˡ

ֻмµļˡ
־ȥ״ˡŮģһ¾û˰ա




61.  ĸ   ĸҲǹ̵ܽġ

Ժﾲĵ, ֻмС·˱
ͷмɨѾߣᶼ񣬴׶, һҲҳ

˸޽, зȡ˻һЩȥ, Ժ￴

ֺ¹һ, ˶϶º

һźʵϣ˿̽кˮ, ڼСתƣסذʾЩʲô, ûһͬۡԭֱͦˣ۾, ׾, СѾͷ, һ˵, ͲЩѰ

ֻ˵ǽ°ģԸδǰ, Ӿǳ谮, Ҳֻһʱģֲ뵽þòŮӵ߷Ǳȶ綼ãǴʹ, ܰӴͷǡ
ʹ˱Ҳ, СպҲҪǷ޶ˡ

תת۾һֺֻȻ֧ϣͷǺúݵ, Ƿ޶˹֮£ūΪ˸ϲĲٸεģһΪӣʮ˵Ҳпͣδ£ǣūġ

Ȱ麰ͲСӿƤû⣬ҽǶô
¸«ƵĹԣ㿴ŵЩ

ּ޽У鶼Ժͷ˵û˸̽ͷ̽ԣ㺰ȥҪø˵ͷЩʵ˺ġ

Ƥӣе¡
ΣһۣüԳĪ⸮ϴˣԼӶˣ
ͳ˲һ㣬⻹£ĺ¶ųġ

ֻûеؿ޽Сµ˵ʲôһаյģüۣĬˡ

ЩˣδĵͣǸʮûӣЩˡ
Ů򴽣һ߽Ǽ¼鿴˱һ˽ֶ졣
⸮ϴôЩ꣬ĹضˣǰҴʮӣ㳤ѵ

Ҫǲպѧլûˡ

ҪӣˣҧӲʮӡ
°֣ýһЩȻǰݺݸСһ״ҲӿЫĳ

ְ˰ӣſڴϣϰϵؽиͣһԵܼŲӣ«ƵģһҲԡ

԰վںԶĵطš
һūģɹ֣ǾСʱշͬһ֣Щſˡ
ʮȥҲҪʮ¡

޲Ļ˿ԶЦЦ㿴ǲģ
֪˵÷СӣֻԿһۣӺǴϻۡ
һٰӣȰסˣĻкĵ顣

վ⴦˻ᣬѾڵˣŵĿ޽

޺Цһڰϣƽĸ˺¡
˵һ㶣ϵЦ⣬ŷӦ˵ӡ

һۣС溮˪ʵòЩͷ˿˺ˡ
ӵҲǺ£Щζͷ



ҹԡԺ󣬻ᱡ˯¡
ۣϻЩɣүվδɻ飬ͬͬʳ˿ˡ

ԼᷢЦЦ˻˵ҽ°ˣ޶֪˼ˡ
ܣתһ룬ȷʵô¡С뻴ȺţദһЩҲǺõġպǻȢ˲žҲ˸Խȥ

ԺӺܿҶҪһЩﶼű飬Ӵ±ˬزա
ŻĶ౦񣬶ЩСӻϲɢųش

ǹʱŻģ˱飬ԿŰ
ĸߴ󣬴ɫĳۣɢرüӢ忡ƽ

ϣŪС˲ͷŷˣС
ô

޲Ļֻ齱£һᣬŵͷ顣

Сߣḧ˸޵Сۣؽ硣

һֱ֣˯

򴽣ϣҽ촦ˡ
մ˼ᱡİ£׾ϸ۵ֱ۹޵Ĳϣȵع˹˵ġ

ްһߣ룬Ѱ˳Ľϣ᲻صСȣȻء

һ£ϣǸ£Ǻ͸ЩԨԴģ뽫Ƿ޶˷ׯȥ
Ȼһ޿ֵģ˱ȷʵ⣬Ҳ֪ģ˱޷졣ֻǶ˹ڲ񷿣˻Ҫޡ

޿һۣ˸⣬û˵

㷵ģգǷ˴Ҳš

ͻȻҧҧĴ⣬˳°ϸľһʪȵĺۼ
粻˸գһֻఢ䣬᲻ص

°ͣȹڱƵȣϸһΣؿһһģһ˫˳ץ޺󱳣ģ¸ġ

һֻŮһ£ǰߣŴӨǼ̧Űĺҧҧ´ȵϢһ
˿أſںסԼ

ˮ£˫۽޸ϣָ˱󣬽׵죬ɢ

˱һ⣬סļĴˮ죬˻ز

ްѰϣӺ߸˳أ¡
˲֪뵽ʲôЦЦĸҲǹ̵ܽġ

ϣȵǰԼǱܽˡ

§˰һᣬ˵Щ˵Ļ˲ĳš
ӣǰԺ

°ͿһᣬЩ˯˽
ϻЩκ죬һ˫ˮģôæ

޳壬İա
ƽܲţĸȥ

壬һҲˣؾ˯š

޾Ц˳ץ
ɡûʲô飬һŮգȴںˡ
գգ۾գϵ֡

޿һᣬС̧̧ϵŮЩ
գƽ˵˾ʲô

СذһϵӵҲŲҪأ
ŮԵϣåå

ްɢϵϵã΢ЦҵŸɡ

סͮͮĶ䣬е˵ʲôҶ

̤ҹɫ鷿뷽Ѿˣ˽ֽ

ӣ˵ǰϵţ궼ںͬѧһ°ӣӹüһЩһ룬Ϊ˼ƣͶȥ˴˲¥˵

ȷʵʮס˶٣ŵиϸĸ嶼ã벻ˣӿȴöˣСҲ˻ѡ

˿϶Щ֮ģֻǱ˼ΪŶδ¶
޳һᣬʾⷽ˵

һҧ˵ıԸдģ·ҲδͬЩӴ幰˹֣Щ»ӡ

ⱾѾڲ¥ｲ˴ˣЩ˶Ҳڽһ㡣޵飬ǽ޵콵˵֪֮ٳͲ˵޼ǻһͳˡ

ӽշ·УһһֻͣûԺȥˡ˭󣬳Ӿûбˡ

˿޵ɫõӣѾ˺üˣ֪ͷҪٽӣҪҪǰݣ

תת壬䲻ȵģݣüʱȻ

ԼĪʲôĶʶȤزٶ໰

޿ĳ´ʣ֪뵽ʲô۾Ҹ𣿡

ͬһۣһ빰ֵ¾ȥ



ͬҹ˾ˣųʣСﴩж

ҵԺͷͻȻһĸߴӡ
ҿһԾǽͷԺӣ

Ժﴫһصһ󹷷ֹܿסˣһᣬǸӾٴγ֣ŸԴС
ͷͣͣһᣬķȥˡ

ǰŵʱһŵҲˣһжʮ˽ŲüԺԡ
һ˽СԺһ˸Ǹȥ˳⡣ܿûˣһԵİն˯óġ

˳⣬Ǹӷ·Ԥıһ·߹հƣ׷׷ᣬӲһֻ첲
ֻ˶ٶ첲ǰ׷ȥ

׷ǳһᣬͷ˾ֻϰʾ⼸˻سǡ

ڶ죬һ߿ʧٵʹ˾ǵĴС



ߵķͬڲ¥̸һ⣬ͰȲˡ

ҹСӹһӾڷϵϯ档

Ǽ߸˵飬СӲ֪ΪͻȻʼ֣ĸȰȰסֻεؽŮȥ

Сӻûֱ۳ѩ磬޵ͨ죬˿˺ۣϾͽ˱ȥˡ
ϣҵСϰСڻ̧̧°ͣʲôޣ

СĨ˰ᣬŸԪűҪ׺͵游ίͰ͵ҪµģʲôûС

ϵͷһǸƨɵĽԪҪҪµģֻûʼʹ͡ϵĶӲǸС٣ʥϵ涼ģʲôʹ͡

СӼɫһЩЩӵģԴУ游ֻûС

ϱ˻ᣬ˴ӿⷿȡ˼µĽԪĸ׹ҪѵСҲò֡

˾޵ʱ򣬷Ӷ˯š
һԵ޳һᣬʲôأҹġ

̾˿СҪԪûС
룬Щ֣㲻Ǹһ𡣡

ͻȻϵǼϴνӵʥϵʹͣʲôʱ򣿡
Ͻһŵϴλү˵ʱ򣬱½Щš

ϳĬһᣬγȥǼһҲûȥģǷȥĶȥˡ
֪ʲôЦЦ㵽ƽЩˣ˵ⷿȷʵǷ

ϳһۣ֪ǲ磿ӣĸʶĶ֣ϻǷZЩʲô𣿲ǲЩЯԼմӵܵܵĹ⣬ܹЩֶ
Խ˵ԽҵǲҴϵս٣ԪۻҪӺȾƣȥȥ
Ҫʱվ˱ߣվǸ˵һ٣Ƥ˵ˡ

ķ˸ۣ˸Ƿүˣ˵ʲô޲ģЩ£ԽԽˡ
Ҳףⷿȷʵ˵ãүվǲվˣΪ˱ӣƽûʲô飬ͬǳϹϵġ

ϳĬһᣬͻȻ̧ͷ˷һۣ࣬벹лġ

ϲ֪뵽ʲôһԵȣݺݵظһ£ɱ˵ʲôҵ̳ȥ϶ٺãҲ᲻ġӲӲĴɩС˼ҡ

ƽ޹ʰһ£᲻ˣŮҪҪ

һ㶣Ͼ˵˸֡

ģɫʱ򣬾иС˴ӽˣԶԶסȥˡ



ڶʱڴߵϣתһƵľü۽гյӢͦ

˿һۣƽƽˣ

Ժ۽˯죬ӨǰЩŪĺۡ
Ů򴽣һᣬֵϣģ˯һᡣ

ߵ齱ߣþ᲻صش˴Ρ
㶼ˡƽƽ˵ɷ£˸˼ҡ

˵Ӳˣѱ߿ˮﻹã磬ʲô

޾͵ͷһȺգЦЦ㲻Ҫ𣿸޺òá

һ£Ů죬˳Ʒϣⷺκ죬ҾͲˣ

£ְѾ׾Ĵϡ
һͷļΣ̾˿
ʲôҪһӡ

ܲ㣬˳޵ӣֻСһյ

һסΣһ˳ļܰϧƵģʡʡӣҲȢˡ

ҵıͦáЦЦǺƽⱲָˡ




62.     ȡɣ

ްѰ, ˵Ŷͷ˻ᣬ÷۷۵ģ˾ͳˡ
˰§ױ̨ǰ, Լȥ䡣

Ȱϴ, ͨ, Ѿǽͨ, һ

޲֪ʱֽˣʲôһԵ, һһСѾ߽һС͵У㹭ˡ

һ, Ǹ̵ͨĲҡϱߵĻƿ̵úǾ, ׹顣ŮһԿ˿, ŴЦС
ü˳۵ظŷ, 񶼲һ

ⲽҡ˷, ִ˼ǳɫĹ䳤ȹϸ۵ĲӾµӳ, ̵Ӵڼձ, ġ
źðѣͳңѿռദ

СѾͷʳҲϳš
Ůһ̶, Եÿ, С޳Բԡ

齱ߣźһŵͷţֻӦһ

˿ڲˮ, Ѷ˰뱥Сϣ׾ָ˴޳ĴȣôͰҽˡ
뻹Ҫ˯ʱ

˵𡣡񶼲̧һ£סƽƽģ˼ҡ
ĸߴ󣬽մɫĹ䳤ۣĵüӢ˲Ҷ࿴

򴽣ĳһЩ˵ʲôء
Ůɵشˣֱͷװż

޸еûʲôس֡

˳䣬СսŮϥϡ
Ůֽ޾ֱ̧̧ۣŮò

㿴ôһ㣬ָָ
գ濴˾˲ˡ

򴽣ŤŤ˺һŷӦ
ŮգﻹЩţǶүүţ

ڰӡһǺûдڸеġϷ˷·ʮֱܻ䣬ʱҲֻһһԲ֪£ʱһʱһűȽ䵭ݡ
׽ס֣üүүҪʲô

޴׽ţֽ˸棬ģ㲻ڷҳޣȻҪи
ǲЩ˵ܲ

ֱϣֱͨԼûŮ૵Ҫҹ̳ȥ𣿡
û˵Ů̵ġ

üһһ˫ޣ۰׵С࣬Ҫһаġ

޴۾Цһ㲻ǽб𣿡

ͷޣΪЩ죬ᴸ˴ˣˮĴһ𣬡һЩ
һסͬǸ㡣

ڹ̵ûʲôִģѾˣǹ̵˶үүҲ֪ԭǷҴѽ
Ϊ˻£Ҳ˵ùȥ

޿һᣬʵھᣬֽһԣ˭˭
Ҫ˷ϵŮƽƽûʲô飬û˸ҽԭķӡ

˵ý˺аȫС
ͷ̵ģǴӦ˹̵顣

һûмǣôأҵ¸ĸȡС𣿡
Щִˣʵڲ仰ܶġ
֣Ҳлû˵İٸһ֡㱼ǵ÷ӵģδ˵䣬Ժ󻹵ýе

޳һᣬͻȻЦЦȡɣס

ϣ˸СۣݣϷ˲ͬô죿
»ڷ븮ԼֻܼǵǸһεǧһԸԺ󶼲ͬ븮ϹϵˣϷǿӣԼһŮ̳ȥ

˳˳ĳ᲻صس˳
ͬġ

򴽣ǰ˻￿ãͻȻ磬Լ
ŮЩᶨ˴˴ͷֻܿںڵķ

޹°ͣãܸɴӦˡ

һᣬͳȷֿϣŮһֻ֣£ۡ
޿һᣬûʲôƿߡ

ͷ֣ϸֱ۹ĲӣĴ°ͣһµĺᣬʪȡ
Ů̾˿ǰСװǣᣬϲ㡣

סļԶһЩͷ뱧޾׽ס󣬡š

ЦЦƽҹ˵ɡ



ֻڸ˻ᣬź󣬰ֽʡ

ЩµĲ˱ԣ˳ԵݵĲھﻹӣյһɹ鵽ˡж֧ÿ֧ǧ¶õ޶ϡ

»ѼӲµЩµûһ滰Сӽ˽Ҷʣ
³ԴĬһµģ

Ҳĥ򣬰˻Ѻһ½޶͵ׯȥ

û뵽СӾȻ󵨣ӾҪߣĻ
ɲ֪Ƕӵ֣㽫͵µطºӶȻģ
Դ޻˾ǣ⸮ϵ˰ԺӣôģֱΪԼԼһ棬֣˵ûЩô˭֪СӾ˵רᣡ

Ų໰ȣ˶ӵȥ
̰īӶϣǾƲ˵ӻȥ˵ģǾЩ֣ôĵӣߵ˿ڣһԵ˾پЦ˵иӡ

⸮Ժ󣬳˴ӷ븮ķŮ
ֱ˾٣ī˶ǸϵļӣֻǰطǼ˾һЩ

˾ٷ˷೤ֻ㣬˵ȴɣū澸µ£ҪҪ飬ɷԸ

ȷʵÿ̰īӣ׻˺δ˴˾һۣ硣
еʤͿʮʮ˵ӣôСϲ˰˴񣬿ֻ򸣽𰲡

򴽣಻졣
ʤ˵ԼСͽ͵£ȷʵ˽⡣

˳ƽȥ飬˾һһӡ

֪ԼͶء⸮ҲûõѾСˣö˿Ҳʮֻ飬һá

ʤ˴˲ײôᣬȻǰԸĿұ춼óˡ
ʲô֪飬ūŲҴƱ˳ɶܽйġ

СӲƣֻͷŹƵȹڡ

ǽĴ£ʤһ˼˵˳иţѣһ߿ڽ˿ӶûŹ
ԺһصѪ˼һͰˣû

ѪȵĳҲú£أӻǽаü
ǵʲôˣСҲ֣ҲⱨӦ

ʤ⵹ö֪˲ɽϵˣ˵Ƿ˶ׯǮⰸڲ飬Ӷ˷ˣغܿн
ʤ˵ͰԼһۣӦͲɿЦ˵˳ˣ⸮˭֪ͬӵĹϵƽ˽µãξ˵ǰˡ
ҲǷúãϸŮҲҪͷ

ᵽУȥľ͹ȥˣЩԣǵҲδֳֻеʤúðպٲĺô
ͷˡ

ȴһ׮飬̹һЩаҪ̳ȥŪѰ

ԪŮΪ̣ŮûõңҲܳ裬ԸӾӲڷҶҪӡ

ҷϼʵ˥࣬ǰˣҲ̸ֻܹϵĴӣ˵󲻾ĻʵЩˡƷٵĵŮ˸ƷСٵŮֲʲôвˣǵȨ˭ʶܽ档
Ժ߳ȥҪ˳Ц

״ֻðһұڷҲӣֺαأ
Ǿеһʮ˭ˡ

ǰд˼ţŷã͵Ҽλϵĸϡ
ľսʶ֣кҪǣ
ﲻǼգ

Ϸ˶ǲӦµġ׻վڰߣӣǳϷǰֲźô
Ϸ˿̳ܽȥ
ͷֻмйȥӵ˲ŻѼ̳ȥ˵ҪƲġЩͷ˼Ҿ͸ˣϷԷһӶбܻ䡣

ЦЦںڵĳ޸ϣǲҡϷ˻꣬ȻӲӲ
ΪϷӣűôӦ

һԸӣ⻰Ǻףͷùࡣ



һͽţűӶϱ

ϵĴзСӷɣ˶ʮͣϣӢߴ
Ԫ۲ھǣĶвҪŻѣֻȥ͢îзʮֿߡ

Щ࣬ɵǴֱ֣ڿ죬˷ϱ㿪ʼ֣һϵģǽʲô

ϼûΣʮֲãҰסˡ
ǿ֪Ƥһ

ͷȻ֪ģǰȥ˸ϯԶԶƼһۡ
ΪҲ۳һɾþλƣźɫĹ䳤ۣüӢͦ壬һ£ܰһȺϳѹôз˺ӡ󡣡

ɵûĸдֻƴǸ

ֿһϴת

иɾֻϣϥӣһڻ̣һѧһŮҲûеġȻҲûнŮǷңϥ¹Ӿ
һʱЩò⣬ķʵġ

һۿţ÷ʵĥߴʸ֦͸Ů

ֵܶ˶Щͷԣ֪ϸĸڴʲô⡣˵ƽϵһۣǲµЩʲô

ϼӷӦɴֻͬϱǶǱߵĴ𣿡

˶ͷǷӦˡ

˵ʲôϰڰ֣ǣĪҪպˣͷҵ
͸һյʱ俼ǣŮûվҪġ

ֻµˡ



Ȼ֪ϵĸϻôһ飬æ׼ȥ濤ϯ
ŮҰᷴҪϯ˼һͷһͿʼ׼ҪȥıȻҲֱȥϯ򵥡

ҪһѺͷˣŮҰΣЩеѣҪżġ
δ飬֪񾩳ʲôʽŮʲô
ӭֺãײϱ˵ļɻͺˡ

ѡŵıʯͷ棬䲻ɫƵѣ˼濤ֻˮͷӣŷ
ܾȥģ޵ͷԽҪһЩ¸޵ӡ

أǰԺͻȻиС˽˵Ǵˡ

һ㶣žһϲǽ
ضͬˡ

Ž˴򿪣һһĽ־һϣһƣӾȻҲˡ

ھȻæµȷʵݼįּ࣬ѵĸо
ֻͬѼ䣬˵ȥˣ㼱ȥ

ӴСЩ˼׹ڶͷ
û뵽ҲǣҲδֵ̫ȣӭԺӡ

ԲһЩǰݹᾣзѾԺͷˣ

˾ٸӷ裬Ρ

ԺӾ»ǾЩڣԥһŵҽǹϵĹͽ˹ٸҲ֪ˡ
ǸСطͯĴ£ȻֵǷꡣһϱѹͽ˵ռһҪЩ飬ԼǲģǲԼСί

ԼЩͷûʲôЩʣҽҲûˣһۣ

Ӳ뵢ǰ̣ʵ뱨ҧҧ͸˾ǣǰҲûбķӡ
ڵϣһź޳ֻڷԡ

æһҽҲ̣ˣһҸҸȥ
լӻ֢ǰװ˷ˡ

ֻǹģȥģûа顣

һýͷˣӵͷӲ᲻ٿˡ

һᣬ˰Сһ˫۾ƵģǻǲôԸ˵·ϵðӵĻ͵͵

˵ֻŴһԲӿЦһǰǸúӡ

̾˿ȥЩ׿˻ĸԡ



һţҲûԶȥ˳һƫƧլԺ

ˣޱ㹰֣ͷ

΢΢ףһԵ˱ƿţͷǼСݣ˵ֵ
վ⿴˿ͽ˽Źϣ˶ã

ЩͷۣúܣһҹһҲ˵
޳һᣬ˽е

ڸ᷿ȡ˼ȱٵǰ
ӲǾǲģϱߵҲΪŹ֡ҹȥ׷Ǹʱֱϵ

ӸǴӽǱģ۸ҲʣھﲻУǴӣƭƭ˵ġ

˵ţ̷ͷͻȻһ޺þòƽϢ
̾һ֪գֺαҪȥǺ˵أ

˸״ӣдģ˵ҪСӣȻ͸¶ġ

޴дĶ࣬ǻͷ
һᣬ˵Щʲôȥ

ҹŴСլӳһСͯסȥ·

Сͯ˷ţ˿ӵɫȥˡ
Сͯ͵ˣһ̾Զˡ

ûҪԿ˼ֻԼ
ݲݿ꣬Щӣӵš

ģãվȻ͵ˡ
ģᳶ˳˵ʲô

Խˣ˵ǳӴӦȣͽϽӡ

򴽣Ͽʲô顣





63.  ϯ   

ӿڵĵз紵ĿҪ, شϡ
ţԸ˸ֵɽﰵпࡣ

޳Ĭһ, ϵǲ, ˦һޡ
, ƽ˵˼仰, ͷӦ£±㰲֡

޻صլӵʱ, Ѿ˯ˡ
Ůںڵĳ޴ţظ, ظϸ΢ţͻĺ

齱, ܰؿһᡣ

Сĵ÷, ޲뿪



ռųȥ, ͵ĶǷҵ¸صϡ
Ϊ²ܿ, иͲˣϾҲǷ, طҵġ

û, ڶ˷ҵš

ƽǷ壬Сʱ࣬ǷƽϧţÑ, ڷҵѧ, ʱһٻʳһһعţŽз˺ǰ̡
ʱҪһʦڶҪϺŰݷá

ƽʱǰĴ, Ϊ˰ֱЩߣ£Щĺ˼ܹЯ
˰ţҳֽ̫үࡣ

ƽԼĶӶϱһʣ󷿵İŽץȥˣ
˺ǣƽת֪ˣȻȷд£

ƽϣɫڳ
ץȥ޷ıʵǺͷһŽзƽ޷ܡ
ûϢסֵǷ꣬Ҵǵ֧ҵЦֻѾ˾ǵЦ

ӶϱЩսսƽԣ£ǵŮ£˲СӰ졣
Ż˾ǣǾ޵²Ҫ£ϣӰ콵ͲǺõġ
ɷŲǵ£ϷΪǿƣҲֻ䡣

ƽ忴ĳ£ǷԲ£ڶ˷ҵš

ϷýӴг塣
ƽѾüûʽصŰݷˣзϷ·ϺõĲҶ

Ѿ߸ƽ裬˰ڰ֣ϡɾ忴źӲʡ

ϣЩұǲ˵ġƽ˶£Ѳ豭ƵһߣϾ̶ܽԼ飬˲ò֡

µص㲻Ůҽ°ˣⲻܹŮºӦԷӡ֪֪£ԼҶҪҧ˾޴·ôԸ͸һҽأ
еŮɡ

Ϸüɫ

ƽֻֻ˵ŽǲЩ̫ˣ
δǰԼ󲻱ҲͰˣ£±˲ִֶ֪ûɫСӰѷҵˣƽ޲ʮӣ֪֪Ƿǡ

аԭһҹ㣬񵹺ãͬǷ˿ܳĴ֮˻һ
ⷿķˮҲ֪ôˣŮûһһЩġ

Ϸ˽˵öֱ˻⻰˵֣ҵĶȻҹֵ̣ܽˣ
ʱǸ첻ߵģƽûٸ̫ƽϷ˰ǳǲûн١οǴ󷿵ļ£ֵõ϶ָָ㡣

ƽһҲﱲֻǷҵ
ⰢҲͰˣҲԼԸȻѾͬǻ˾βȫǶˣ
Ѿͬǻһˣٽ޸ӣ˵ﶼܽù

ϷȥҲŲͷͶҪѰ޹ȥ
ĻȻӶ£Ӷ⣬׾Ҫˣ

ƽҡҡͷֻǻͷˣǽ׼ֲǽңװ͸ͷ˼

պӷǼǰҲռġ
ƽԼˣ˵ֵͭ壿ڻðãԺˣǰɫ˥мţ
ֻͼǰӬͷСúõŮϧеǺڵʱ

һʱ˵ˡ

Ϸ˽˵ᣬƽԼ߹ˣǰҲ֪븮״

긮л˫˶߿һۣүͬȥҵĶһ룬ĽϷĸ׵̸֪׺ֵܵٹ⣬ӣ֪أôϣϡ֧Ҳûģû˲˼ҡ
ҪǻͬӵĻ£ҵͷһ룬ȥүӣ

ǻһ˫۾￴ŷ˶ǷġϷ֪ǶԷ븮н٣°ٺһ
Ϸ˲ٽзƽţϵض˲ͿͣĻԼеĺ󱲰ɣԼ̡ܽ

ƽļǿӲģŭϣ˵һҵĶݣ
ƽϧţƽΨһһ˽ףƽ˻Ǽ顣ƽ壬ͽˡ

Ϸһ񶼱ˡ

СŮպҪǴǲԸ̣ܽ͵Ҹ
ƽ˵꣬ҲܷϷɫôѿһ˦Ӿˡ



еʤڷ븮ţʤһ̽һᣬͬϵĳ
ʤװŲСˣ⽴ڳűߣ˾ô˻

ʤЦǰôûϼ㣿ûͷԣž׽˷½ġ
̾˿סһǼ˷븮Ҳ֪Ϊʲô

ʤ˼ڳһ磬״ȷʵҼӷŽȥʱ·ʮģӲùɣ
򲢲ֵҼƢõúܣƢǺٵġ

û˵ƽͱͳˣʤ̽˼仰ͷɱ˸ϡ

ʤ˵츳ͽƽɫ

ƽȥʱŭ壬ʱޱ飬ЦЦ
ͬϷ˵Ҫ̵飬Ͳˡ

̫ףʶ֣Ҳ֪дʲô
дʲô̫үƢ˼ҿǺٵǷҵš
̫ү˵þǷƽ壬ָߣҾûвСģһ̫ү

ŴЦ㻹ǲǵã̫үһ߷ڵӣ
ͷڶҪóϴǰ˺üʫᣬרΪľͷʫв׷ء

ң̫үѼҲˣȫĶзԣǱ͸ġ
ͷЩԶˣǽá
̫үһԼίҲҪб˺ùˡ˵עƽͷ

ҲδЩʲôֵĶֻǽŵ״һ顣
ֵǷ꣬ƽϸסġ

磬޾յ˷ϵĻţҪڷϴӵ¡

ţʲôʱ
ǧϣż⣬ǧ

룬ܿͿ죬Ͼ䡣Ϸڽзƽ˵һ٣Ҳֻ죬󱣲뻹ʲô

ŮǧСʯϹһ̶⣬Եģ鲻Խҡҡͷɸǲס

ͷҲ̧ƽ˵ס

ͷ򴽣ǧĬطĿڡ
޹òƿü

ڵ̶ζ



ڶ峿޾ʹŰȥ˷á

ܾԼĲصҲûţľͰ°ˡ
ҪѰдˣϾԼĶð۾ףЩҡڡ

Ϸ±ʣеˣ־Ȼڴ£ôû
ǹˣҪԭֻģᣬΪͬͬյˡ

մǳɫĶԽȹʩ죬Ưֹɡ
Ѿ֪Ϸˡ
͸Ϸ˵ţֻϷ˲δظֻӦˡ

ϱԥЩ⡣
Сʱһٱһǳе飬ֳЩȢżҵĴС㣬ҲϷˣһ˲졣
Ϸ˶ԼɷǿӲ̬ȣƿ͸ûɫˣƤһڶЩ

ýִɣڷҵլ˵ǽġ
ĸߴüӢû谵ĵƹյЩƽɨһ£û˸ǰ

޿ϣģֻд

ˣһҧд˷Z֡
үԥΣٳٲְѴµֻˡ
ɣŽϷԼˡ

ţ·һZŮɣǡһ졣ֻһڵ֧һڲ۵ķϼС

ظСʱȺİѩһ͸ĳС

Ҳûϸӣͽڽ죬˷һһ裬Ŀڽиĸס

Ϸ˶Щִ٣һҹǾѰ£ûŮҰѾһСӣЩ֪Ǻá

Ƣ𱬣Ƕһ㣬˵Ҹ°۵СӴˡ
úӣŰɡϴ˸ӣڰϸlϡ

ɵشţԥһᣬ˵һ䣬ллĸס

ϲЦտ˵úӺúӡ

ԭЩĵǽϵ̬ȰһЩദˣȻڴӷ븮Ƿһв׵ĵطպҲǸ鷳¡
Ժ󣬰ͿʼʶС

ϸ˿ڼ򵥣رǷһŮûУʵ
ӣһ䣬󷽵ؽ㣬һǰչյСߵضϻЩ˼ֻͬһ˫ڰ׷۾Ŀ

ŴЦСһһСɰװģ׳ģСʽĽ顣



ڷϸţظʱŸոʱ
Ů׼С˯⣬޾ߣ˲֣ǲǳš

Ůȥ濤ϣʱǰܻصġ

޿һᣬ˳˳ķ˿ȥ㡣

ȻǷǳԸģصͷ
֪뵽ʲôŮӱˮһЩͻȻЩߵԺȥ㶼һ𣿡
޷飬Щ˯

ҿıļ̵ǲѽ

ǡסԼ֣ɺá
ƽ˯綼𴲡

յһ£ģЦһ粻𣿡

˯С˵ʱȥ鷿ôˣ

鲻Խѹѹ˿ʼ״ˣûзз͸

ûʲôصͷ



Я񵽰ϵʱСӼѾһˡ
и¼õͤյͤϡ

ڰȵľͷʱССͤһ˲İ

ȺŮɶǼڣС밢Щġ
ǰЩӣѵͤ˶ֿ֪Ц̬òİǽǵŮѹ޹⣬˭֪ᷢء

ƴȺСҲ֪ģЩǶô֥Ȩ
ˣҲ֪飬˵ҲǲĿȻΪմ߳أ

С˼תǧأڰͤʱ϶Цݡ
ô룬Ƕǲġ

ȺŮ濤˼Ϊӡ
ʵ԰ûʲôǰеδһ㣬Ѿ濴˳ˡ

һˣۿһԸϵԱ
ڵĿȴЩӸµأŹ˵

ЩĿһǺӵģСͽʲô񶼼ﲢ⡣
һԵķԼ渣򰲡

Ů߲ͣƽؽ˾ͺĶˮŹ˵ζӴ࣬һܽΡ
һ仰Ĺ򣬽ȺŮ޵ӱ˴롣
ܳʲô飬ZԸǸμŮɡ

濤û̧̧ʾ
Ů˵Ŀڰϣ΢ɲһ˲ǺܿŲˡ

ݹˣЩ˵ζڷѩ΢΢ţȻκ죬Щͷ

ӽɺã濤Сϣ˴ӲʾⰢһԡ

ƴǣҲ·濤Щ̬ȣֻ˰ӣͷһжá

ƳһۣҪ˵ЩʲôһԵͻȻһŮյߡ

ˡ




64.     ºͣ˰á

濤, ǴЩЦ˼
ﶼһʳ˼̻ӣǷйָ㲳ʲôˡ

ˡ
濤뿴ĳ̬, ǲҲ

Ůüë, Ůŵˡ

濤ЩĹ, Ц˻, ԼͳҪϯһᡣ

濤ƽиõǸԲԲ, źܺƵŮӡʱ᲻صһۡ
ᰴ˴۾, һ˲Ϊѣ, ָֻܿ糣ˡ

Ͻ, иŻˮС, ͤӾԶԶں롣ͤű, кмķһͤͷʮ, Ҳ

ŮΧС, ԼȸˣɶЩɨˡ
ͤ䵭ЩͲɴȤ䡣

ֶӣǲ, ڰĹƶꡣЦе, Щֺá
ڳﲢԺգԼҲó谮ЩŮֻ濤ϸֱ档
濤ڣȤĻζû˽ӡ

˻, иСЦһ

ֻ˶٣·δűȻؿδӵˣҲôû
⻰һ˵ͤվЩ΢ˣ˸ԭͣϵ߿ʼڰϴת

ǰʱſӻĿأһ˲֪˲ˣδԼá
֮ûͤǲŵġ
׽֮һΪλοĴ¡

СڵŹƣ·𿴲һԵİԵֻ΢΢Ц⼸տŽȻڼЪϢ
Ȼͬһ𣬾û侮ʯıҪҰҲǸϲǷǵˡ

·ŵģҲŹɱζһԲ񷽲ͬӵ飬Ƕ֪ģҲ֪ʲôҪúÿϾ㱻ˡ

ûͬ˵֪ΪҪԼͲ飬ο
δ˵ֱ꣬Ӵ

ס졣
ǿڿഫģû£һ˵ˣʱֹԴʵؾͻҡ
ġ

ŲܷʲôǳϾͲˡ

һԵСǶЩһ仰һû뵽ǿӲ

зһԵ˱ƣɰ׵ûЦݣŹ⡣

˵ĻȺЩɤӡϾŽȻǽãǵ濤ǰܣոȻ¶֪

ͤһŮ㿴ңҿ㣬ᰵЩЦζ
˭֪濤С࣬ո͹ƵΧֺô

һԲʱǺˣŰſڣȴһ仰Ҳ˵
֪Լ濤ǰģﻹƭԼǹϵãָ˳ͰƤ˺ϲʲô

ŲӣζûжһԵĻȰһ䣬ôˣ

ɫȻֱɷףȴûжͬĸо
᰼Ȼѡ񳰷ܱΪ濤ָʹԸһʱ嶯Ҫб׼

Ǻ˷Ǳơ
ҲǲҲȡ

д˴ţͼӭںߵİ
ԸСˣͲСˣǸЩº͵ˣоЦոнͣ⵽ӭ㣬ߴˣСӹˡ

пҲδǱ߿һۣմһɫĳۣԽĵ˱ͦ
İɡ˵

ǴȤ˵ձȥ鷿
˷˲ˮűˣһ۵λãһŰƴֽš
ݸУЦе㿴

ݵս̶һµʱ䣬ѾͬԪʿսʮˡ

Ԫ꽫ݣΪݵھӾ
Ԫز㣬ܹСҲǴԪ֮һǴ̵ĺ֣ţŮ˶ս
ȣȱˮԴﶼɰʳֲÿ궼ҪڴԪ߽ߣ߲ʡ

ǰǱţѲһʱСľܽ˺һ⡣

Ԫ궼ѣնĲʳҲûճɣ״ֻ⣬Ҳƴش̡

пü֪Щʲô

ɫԽд˳ǸպĳɾͲӲ

ò¶棬ֻʲôǰ֪벻ǵ˲Ըһӡ
Ļµ˺֣ҡҡͷ

Գ󡣡ͻȻ࣬ʲôʱȥݣ
̬΢ؾͰԼŪݣЩá

룬ȥм°ɡ
ԪЩƧȫĵطݡ

дӣֽϣܺЦЦɡ
ԽĶӣȥĵط

ǿƵҲ˿һ㡣

۾һʱû˵ʲôòŵȻһӰš

пһۣ˵Źеĳȣ岻ҪΪӰͺá

Ҫ˵ЩʲôһԵĴͻȻײһ£ɫһ䣬˭ǣ
˵ŵͬʱֽֽϼ߬

ͷһŲŰ˻ᣬһҺɫȹŮӱ˽
Ůɨһۣ΢΢ͷδһԿŮ˿Ĳգͺ

ףҡת濤
濤ֳи˸ӣöӡ

ſ񼸺ûͣض

谮濤»˻ɫü鷿صأʲô

ŮϣЦ˵кŻͣŮЩơ

͸ƣҪĨϼֱֱУ̾˿
浫ϲĸſܷǣߡòûи۵شһҲЩ

д鰮Ҳǽĵģ䡣

жûʲôȤһ۾Ųߡ

׻չŮӣֶпڸˣ涬ľƣˬڵʱ򡣡

ҲǸ޵Ůӣȴվ࣬ϸûʲôдģӵʲôҪľ
ԼŮСŮ̬ʱҲһ˲Ķҡ

п۾ƿϱ߻޺ɫ˿ЦЦ䣬ˡ
˶˶٣ŵȷʵи֮롣

һҲЩˮ⡣

ԶһЩϴŹҹӵĹƺܺƢһҴǲҲڹͣ

Цһ٣Щѿֹס˶

з·𿴲ɫǹӾӸµƼʶɢģƽ֪濤ɷΪҴ仰

˲ڣСҲӣֻͤԹԵؽ̸ͬ˵
ǻЩڹ˼濤ڣǾͲ֪ʲô̬ȶԴ

ձֻ¶棬ЩŮС˼֪Լ̬ܵⲻĽȦӣ̬һЩֻ˼Ϊһͷ
˰ûʲôʵ˼ŵˣȥ

ԴӺǱԺ󣬾ڽﲻ˵ˡ
俴һۣЩִٵرܿ

һЩԣˣùڹԪȥݡ
ԭǸСţȾƺöģûҲͰ˸⡣˼궼в˽ʿ˭֪˸ãȫҶˣҲһԾ˱ǰĺˡ
û˽£檳ȺŮ֪Σᰵĸԭ䣬ǲ谮ҲӡϳһЩ檵

濤ʱеȥ濤ɫ̫ãҲûкƢ᰾Ͱһԣ϶ûʲôϰˡ
ʵиͷҲֻǽźЩ˼ҶƲǼŮȹϵҵģ濤ֻܼ޸һС塣

濤صԼλ£ͬһԵĵĹŮЦδ

΢һᣬǡ
濤ͷҲ̧ƤЦⲻЦ˵䳡滰

һԵŮЦŴԲҪͰš

ʲô̬ȣԹԵؾ뿪Сͤ

ԼĪҪˣͬ濤Ƥӹ

˭֪˶ţŮֹ˽ŲСǰ

Ŵü



븮Ϸ˲ˡ

Ϸ˺ҩص̾˿
һԵ־ͳ˳ɵЩ
ϷǺαأְҩһԣӱ׽βԸ޸ǻҲؽԼ˼

ϷЦ׵顣
۾룬ͻȻһ֡
㻹ǵþ֪ģ𣿡

룬ҡҡͷ⵹ǲǵˡ

Ϸ˵Сúãһ˫۾Բִ󣬿Сһ
ֽ˵ˣŵֻŴСһˣܱһЩĴء
ǰЩʱū澶ϡЦӱСʱЩ·𡭡Ҳࡣ

Ϸ͵סֵ

ֽһæǼշͷ磬ū澾û˵ŵȴףľϯ
˭֪֪һӳҲûӻϣȻҲû쵽Ϸ˸ǰ

Ϸصر˱۾ǰһ裬Ͷ˰׷ˡ

ھȥŽϷ۾ЩƣǼ޸˻ŽҪǳ¡
ϷǿˣסҲסǸһޡ

Ϸֽס֣ȥݸţ˵ҴӦ޸ˣĪʲô̵顣
̳ȥ粫һѡǸ˰ôЩ꣬ûйҲпͣĳ֣Ҳܴ˵Щû

Ӧ£̾ͷԸ˳ȥˡ



վڶţЩɻлʲôԸлԼ̬ȾѾһж˵ˡ

˿ɫСҪһᣬٳȥǡ

룬һ´ȥɡ
ʲô飬˵Ҳá

ţǰǳһСӡ
ռ˴֣ϻţ߾ࡣ

һͣſڣһŰ߽һЩϽӡ
ԥһᣬзֱۣȹȥˡ

ƿеڰ۾Щɢϣˣֱֱ

ƽͣüɢŮΣЦЦһЩ

Զһ۵Ľһݰɫͣš
ЩεؿһӣҪȥһӷ𣿡

ûʲôؿŰ֪뵽ʲôƽط˳




65.     ӣͬδޣʲô

, Щ
ʵϸͬѾûмˡ

ַ˺ܶ飬ǰɫº͵ĺ, ﾹȻһֺİĸо

ͷϢ, ֻ, мһС, ű顣
˿һᣬ衣͸ɫĹ, յеԽʡ

дСúãһͷ, һֱһѩʸУߴֿ, һ۾ܿ
Ȩ, ƤΧŵͷ, ˹עòˡ

˵, Ҳ裬ո, ĺϸ, ˮĴ΢΢ţж࿴һۡ
Ͼ˰Σ˴۾ЦЦ, 𣿡

ϴŹɢ, а¡

ϻδʱԶûһƭ˵Ƥ࣬Ϲܲס, ޳Īϲ棬üۼСβ͵ʱ򣬻˵໰

ʱ򲻽ҹϲ棬ĻҲͰ͵ظΪհһȺʲô£Ʋ˻ɵеϡ
ʹǸˡ

ոյʱǸյСˡŷ۵ȹж˴ǰ
Ůǣײϣйⲻͷޱؿ

ͷ̽ⶼཱིͷԼһƨڵϡ
ŮҲޣվС§סеȡ

ӦǺܲͷ棬Ƿϲоǣ֣ģεʱܷ꣬ɶ԰ܺá

ʱ˾ʹЩ飬һν̰д֣д÷
겻֪뵽ʲôЦЦСĥ͸๫ôСͰˡ

ʱǸСӣеЦҲǺ档
еĸ㣬һ˫۾ģۣղֱãѽ
Ů˳ĵӣлü۴Ц

СŮȥĶš

ͬлһȺ궼Ȱ࣬ἷüŪۣһЩزɵЦвҲܡ
£ǰҲһ

һΣ˵˰ͷϡ

ͷͯϱһЩϲ̨˽ϵټ˼ҰԼҵŮڱ˼ģοͬж£ѩ磬˿˾ա

ȣŸСı⣬СϣԵ촽ġ
һȺе鷿֪ЩʲôԺֻвһһµؽл
ҲҪ˹ܣСţһСӳԵ

ʱĸ׻ֳ谮Ǹ꣬Ҳкͷ
һ˳鷿ҿûˣգӱ⡣

Сͨ죬ߴ̫࣬аӵμס죬򴽾͵ˡ
ձ죬ϸϸҪȥ״
ӰļߣһᣬĪǲе

ͷﻹ׹ӣЩζʵ̫

ӺȻһС֣Żһ˯һ
û˵꣬ͽһ䣬°춼

գգ۾ỹڽëϣͼޱؿŶӡ鷿৵سһȺˣվԶҿ

ذף˶һ⡣
˶С⣬ŵزһعָУû˺վһߣԪ۰ѵһͨ

ҹСֱȥԡСǶͳˡ
ŵһŰվ治ҳȥ

ʱ鷿Σڰ귭ŰСϵߣһһ

ֳŲҽȥȻһҲôŸǶͬһңʹδޡ

в˲գаֲҲŰȥˡ

ϣﻹֽ߬ŵǣչĹĵģ˲죬أʲô
С£һǾͺûϲأ֪

Ҳ齱£ŵһζЩ󻹺̡

Ҫѣвãֻľսվһԡ

һȦԲСȣЩˣ

룬ӵ飬գգ۾ҪðỨûʲôضЩ
˵ޣһ¾ͱȥˣǣҡҡͷ

ԴۺСһŮֹЦۡ
ǳú塣

Ժ߾ҲûгֶӵӰˡ

̧ͷ˿ǰߴ忡꣬ЦЦҹӣȴһȻ
㲻Ҫһؼȥɡ

򴽣ҡҡͷӻӣҽͬ˵ġ
ǵĻԼӦѾˣͬĸ˵ʲôջȥ

б鲻䣬ӸԼ˱裬ͳںϴε飬ҲԣԺ󲻻ˡ
ʲôܣ˵ʧȥĸ׵ʱ򣬾ͽĥƣʮ궼ڽ鷢

㲻Ҫӡ̧ͷ֪뵽ʲôЩܡ

һ仰аЩ㱡

Ժоͱ͵Ժ飬Ҳͻ˷븮ʱദʱѾǸŮˣϸߴȻ˳˵УЩֺá

ʱܼįĵһЩԼҪǼˣǻһǳļͥһļһСϣһ˳Է

дȥκҲ˵Ļ

ģΧġ
ֻ˰һȥκӣЩˣа

˼и磬ЩŤǾô˵ڡ

ҲΪڴͷȾƣӰߴͦΣСЩɢظϡ
ɵڴ͵͵á

žƺعͷ
пºִͣŹɱζ

һ˿Ů˵񣬸ִʱպҲûϸ

пһᣬʾȥ
ŮԥãȹڣССߡ

ҡҡƺȲȡ

˿ɵص˵ͷ
оͰѾƺͷ򴽣ͷһڡ

Ĵ⴩鵽θ

ĨȥǵľգЦһǺֹܿסˣЩ䵭и硣
ľͷϣžѬͷۻڵ۾Ůǽвڡ

в˵ˡ

ڶоͷԪ۵ּ⣬ȥϷ˴İӣٴλʱǰǰˡ

ӻܿе۾ӣ֮ѾûйϵˣǱӵĺá
ȷʵܺá

򴽣˰ؽһ֣
Ļ

Բ𡣡ֱӣȥ𺣬ԼԵϣҪôԭң
оԼǸѪˣǶϰͻЩϱܵЭ

룬ҡҡͷ
ûоҲޡ
ʵܺãҲûԹ˼
ʵ̫ףҲлֶôĸ飬֣ѵԼʲôֵͼı
ԺҲʳӣһϲ

˶٣εԳһЩɣߣʲôҪ󣿡
ƸӣлָġԼʲôԽͼıġ

еıüۼѹסˡ
ֹĻЩӲҪ˵Ļ

ӣ·߲ȵʱ򣬾ͻдZ֡
һãǼҲ

üԥӣǲ֮
㲻е뷨ȻںԼֻſͬ˶ϡ

аŲ⣬壬ֻܿߡ

࣬ͣڰϣⲻĴ
˶˶٣֪뵽ʲôûֻƽһɱ

ܳУȰһĶˣģҲġ
ϲбᣬܳʵȻϲޣǾҪˡ

һ仰гĬãϣת壬ɫް
һԲͬţǲҲãʲôļƻҲãֻϣԺҪˡ

һͻȻиᣬӴڵ˸ֽ

ļžűƣеͷ˻ᣬȻЦһ
ġ

򴽣ȹھҪ
޸ҪˣᣬκεĲ

Ĭס˰
üͷǺ⣿

аһߣƽ

²ȥӱϣһԣŵòš
о;ؿ

ȻЩ£вٴǸαװºͣɫý˺¡

߬ӣݺݵҡҡͷӣ侲һЩ

ֱۣмСɨһߣһ°Ѱ˻
һξԼСֻסӣá

޲Źġͷֵǰɫ۰ף϶麹

аһЩŮȵؿڡ
ģŮﶶ˳ǣ𣿡

۾а§ڻԼϣͷ䡣
ֱۣڰϣֵͳǺƣһҺ㡣

ҡҡͷձڻ˶ڴ
ֿһһֵ麹

˳ĬһᣬɿֱۣǺ˱ˡ

л䣬Ȼݺݵػһ¡

һߣᣬӣͬδޣʲô



ߺ濤ɫ

һԵŮЩʲôŮЩΪѣʵ˵ˡ
򴽣ϯ

ͤĹŮ㿴ҿ㣬ﶼڲ£ʲô£濤εϯ
ϻһʲôûֵģֻЦŽЩ

濤Ůȥ˶ţӦþ⣬Ҳڡ

˵ʲôأл
濤ģںڵĴţȴЩ

񣬽һԵС˿ţԺͷȴȻɷ˵ؾͰ濤ȥ˰鷿

ˣɫڳ㻹ǹˣ

濤ҲֻǸŮ½аײ˸ţ߳ѿۿһ¾ͺˡ

̬˻ɫĵΪǸʲôϴºʵϳǸΪװ򶽾
ĳӲץסģ

濤ֺγֻ֪Ů˼ܾܽǱһ˶һ
ô֪ץס
òҲۼ˦Z֪Զ

ǷҴӵ³ѵû𣿡ҪҪʲôֶҲҪõŶŲϣ
ǸµϣǷĺѡ

濤˰һԵԺȥú÷ʡ

ûһҲԺӣϻЦݣʼο濤
濤ֻѾߣµˮһȫ˵ˡ

һԹο濤ֱҹ
濤Ҳҹȥֻý˰


ԶݵԳҹﱻѣյһֽؾǵĵ





66.  ܷ   ܺͼһ

, ϢΧסһط
ûʲô飬ӿҲˡ

ͬ£, û, ͷ, ʱҲ˲Ծ, Χ
ͷа·ߵ, ƵԶԶġ

ϣϲҰ, ֻסӣ޵Ժ, ʶضһ¡

հ, ɫް, ſ
ǰ, ²ȥŮͷ, ԶԶ˽, ¶ɢſܡ

ǸģĴʣСʱǰɿȤֳǽĽδ
ǰ֪ˣҲǸ, Щ¡

Ĭؿһ, 䣬²ӰͲͬˣ, ϴˣӰδޡ
СխҲùˣ˴һԵζ

ЦЦĻ硣
óڣƽ𣿡

һͰģҲ߲ˣҲóڣ۾˵

пĶ˰Ǻ˱ģ״ӣִ˽ȥݹĹı¡

޶ŰôӾḻڣһҲӣӲȥ̽һ
ˮúܣԪз飬Ҳûٲһš

ͷĶ˰ϵˣǸϺ꣬ıߵĶҲվ˱װ֪ͷҪ뿪ĹŮһɴһֵĲŹȥ

н˲ùܰϵĶ˿ֻвУӰ֪⼸ճĶȷʵЩӰϰ˸˵һʵòңԼʧӰˡ
룬ͻȻգƺҲǴûô״𣿡

ŹɰʾζԼԼЩһ˼˵Ҳ֪ģüĿһۡ
˿ʱת˻ȥ

Ŷһ˼ӶҲˣ
ڴ֪ա

ҲǲĲ֪ºһЩΪСطһ·ߵףҲ֪ǷгӰϴζð˻ׯӣȥݷһġ

ЦЦ񲢲Ȼһ£֪
Ҳýбδˡ

򴽣˵ı޵Ҳ١
һ£ؿŰƺ׼ȥ

ȴѾͷˣƮƮģֳ˲СĶӻǻȥɣеæ

üͻȻ뵽ʲô˳ĬһᣬŭЦһֺϷ

ݸǲӡ

һԵױ֪ʲôоͽзˡ

ǺƽͣͲµԼ߰˷겢ûٱ
ͷҲصпıӰ򴽲ƿߡ

Ȱȫ޵ױ£ֻͣһᣬͺɵ뿪ӡ

ͷϣ۾ϸüۼԳЩƣ
¬Ա߹˹֣£˵˵ĸѾźˡ

ſ۾ŶͷЩܵӣȲŴȥ
¬Щԥǻ£Ϣˡ



ո̤Լҵһ¾;ðˡ

һ࣬ܿɫף۾ίӡ
ЦЦаϡ

ڵӣǹ޵ĲӰû˵
ЩЦʲô

ģʲô
޵ͷƽƽҪ㣬϶ͻӻȥġ

ӣСС̾˿˺ö࣬ԭġиǸʮֵˣǽʵЩŵˡ
ֱе磬˵Ҳ̹ûжġ

ްסĴŮϱ˱̾˿˵ˣ˵ø÷
û˵Ļͷ˳ˣͷһ˫ģʲô÷ġ
պƽг˸ƿˡ

Բ˵ˣղ˲࣬סգı

ĺ󾱣סļ򣬰ѰԶһЩ
ûʲôؿͻȻʵܺͼһ𣿡

һ¾Цˣ˷һϺµĸоִ̧һ¡

Ůͷ룬հǰ˱סԼЩߵӦǿԵİɡ

˸ϣ˰һᣬȥ鷿
˯һ࣬˴ӷ븮š

Ϸһ̬аЩؼң˵֪ԼˣҪͬǸ
ֱҡͷϷڻû֮ԲԸȥֻһСֵԭǳ޵飬еزڷˡ

룬дһš



ҪؾǣȻǲԸġ
Ϊ˱أݰȫһЩʱ̬򲻻ȥġ

ʵҲԭЩģЩǵĹԺ󣬼һգ۷ǣѾʼ궯ˡ
벻˶Զʶʱݣгкȵģ˵治ĻѾҲһ۵ĳӿȥ˾ǾͲһˣͬǹϵ΢Ҫһ׽һż

ʰһˮϸƣͬһܣ˻ؾǵ
ֶ̫ȰϾ޵ؿޣϷˣ޷֮ûһˡ

ȵ˾ǵʱѾԺˡ

ϻ飬˷ûиˣҲ֪ƴ䣬붼ʮֵϸôһƷˣ˼顣
Ｋ䲻ãǻ˾ǣֱ븮

븮˼ʮ־ȣмľȥԺͨˡ
ϻȥûһᣬô̾ͽȥԺѰһʡ
ĺӣһ˵á

ϲδװĶǸѡ
֪ĳߴ磬ߣֻýһЩλõĳߴſһЩǲʣСͿˡЩɫۣСӻϲġ
Щλеʽ

һһһµתŷ飬Щ㷵صš
ԭǸòŮӣЩాţ϶ϸƣࡣ

ȥòŻϼտգȻһ˻ģأ
ѵԸңܼˣ˻ûֹ顣
룬Щ㱵صͷǵģȥģοأ

˵žҪæסˣӲ⸮ϡ
ڸϣ˻񣬡ô᲻ڸأ
˵Ȼ

뵽Լųȥ̽飬òֱ˵ֻίӣסǻĸϡ

ϵɴ۾ôס
ûȥҶȻ𣿡

ԼҲ׽͸ǸǴԼģ´̼ϣֻ˵ЩȽסȥҴ̽һ

ȴ̲סˣֻҪһ뵽Ƿ˿뵽Ҫܵ裬񴭲һѹֵܡ
ϲֱֵϷ˵ס

ϷѾ֪ˣû̫ģŰţʳò¡
ˣϷҲûתת飬㼱ģﻹа緶

ϷѹˣЩ£Ȱһ룬࣬ŰǷ˿ܵĸϣô£
˵ǻһľЩഫĴţο޻˳

ϷƤӣĥ͸ԸԸԹȵأȥȰһȰ
δסһӵĸϣСĴ˸ӵ

Ϸأϴ˸飬ͬһ㣬ĿİŽأôδ
ϷԣɫȻЩ

䣬žˡ
ʵѾһˣ鶼֪Ÿҽ

һϣͿ޿˽

ԭҪĻϷ˻ؿţһʱҲʲڡ
§˵˰ΣԼ˾̲סᡣ
̫ү˵Ҫѵң

ԭЩۣϾǳ谮ʮĽŮôˡ
ſŵ̫үң˵ҺģԺϸ˵
мĳ̱Ҳַˡ

ϻΪ̫ү֪ԩ˷ţҲ֪ΰοǰ仵Ҳ˵

Ų˲ᣬϣϣĸײȥȰȰ㣬ԭңĸཫôһʱҪԼ̳ȥأ

̣һѰѷŴӻƳȥЩʵΪҪ̣

ŽһŵǹңҴץȥ
ѾЩòˣֻźû˵ϱȻð˼أСҪѵһ

ȴҪһ㣬ֲ࣬أһӶӳȥˣΪξŮ˼ץסˣԭǷŴ۵ġΪԩģ

żɫ࣬ЩµĸףҲǹģҪȰȰѽ

ؿһۣ񵶸һܣһģһģϿû˵
Ų˵ӵؿϡ

Ϸ˼״ЦһССģ񿴲ҲͰˣҲ㣬ŽôЩ꣬һжģ׻ǲԸġ

ͻȻһӵ˽һ
пʯͷҪȴҲ

࣬Сʱ裬ʳҪϸһЩˮˣǷŲӦ
ͽС׺ҩϸϸذ߰˵ˮҩζϸϸĺһһڵιǸޣÿҩˮһͽԺӣʮŽĿ
ϵӶһϸϸƤӣŴС಻⣬ƤҲڣţ裬ܼˣʮ꣬˼ǧӡ
żնҪŹӣʮΧһӼͬһܣһһϻӡ
Ų飬һƷ٣ֵãһ껻˼Żѧȥ˵ԼϣֻϸѣѶֻһΣܿӡ

İأûиιһʳûиһηûϸرССӡ£ûнʱҲ̵С֡
סھϷҲÿ¶ӵǮûҪӶЩӣһļѣһױϻλԶһױϻҲû˺壬ûгԹϸʳġ
ǸŮһ˳ġ

Ůˣûѡ

ţͻȻѪӿѣǰľﶼڴת
˵Ůʮ꣬ԼŮ㶪ˡ

żͻȻ̬ﺦ£ԶЩ
Ϸתķ飬һԵؿڣŻ

ûϷǰ̬ⷬˣϷֲֻǸͭǮӣŮʲô˵

ֱֱؿϷǴ飬һһµתķɿ졣ԼҲһϷ˴͵ģͬϷһʽСһЩ
ԭǲŷģ֪ôģϷ˵ļƵĴ󸾲ŷվͰǷϣͬ˵һЩĻʱҲתķɿ졣

Ϸ̾˿ǺڽбȢ㡣

ʲôҲˣֻܿһһתƵķ飬ŮͻȻȥѾǽгһţûӦ
ϾͶݺݵأأϷ˵ķӡ
һأϷ˿ʼУŭǲǷˣϴЦһͷҲصܳȥˡ

ӵĿɿڴ




67.     Ƚ׷|㲻׼

ߴд, ټ¶ģ

ߣûʲô飬һѾδҳˡ
Ͳ, ǲ̫õġ

µ˻, Сһ, , ӵȥˡ

һ£Ƭ̵·𲻴, üġ
Щ̽أ

ͬϳȥȲʱԺͷץм, ϣ˼춼û
ҲŲµó˭, ǲһġ

ϸŷ, ⷭһ, һЩѺ֤ʡ
Цʵ, طҲġ
£ҪҪ֤͵ȥ

޴, Щ˶벻, ©
˳һᣬ͵ȥɡ
⼸ͨﵩҲҪһԼҵĺԺġ

ֱͷ⼸֤ܽжĺüˡ

һԵֳһӡ
, Ǵݽӡݵ΢, ھ¹عû˰Ǵ졣

޿˿ݵս, ֪ʲô˺սݵıһ롣
˿ü治ˣ

ҡҡͷ϶ء
Ҳ̽ӣѾδ¶棬ҩϣԺ޿ģȷʵš

ͬһᣬҹݵˣŻĴ죬һ·ȥݡ

ҹһЩʱЩĻŷ׷׸ˣ󣬳һᣬַ˻ȥ
޻ڿͷҲ̧ʲô

幰֣Щ˼£ǼĸҲ˾ǣҲҪһµĴ졣
Ǹδμӿƾ٣ҲţǶΪѾˡСʱûܼĸ꣬ǼһҹϺӵġ

ſһۣ룬٣ٻɡ
֪ǴӦ˵˼˸

޶鷿˻ᣬʱŻȥ

޻ʱ򣬷ǰţŽգ޾һֹģ
޿һۣԭҪ˵Щʲôģ̾

Ŷ룬ȼ򣬰ϣ˰ѴҲˡ

޿˻ӰӰ´µӰְ̧ƿ

һԭѹСϣڱˣһСǵͨ죬ô

ڴ߿һᣬû˵˻ЩЦʲô

С죬Լû۽Ҳκ죬Щߵڶ塣

޳Ĭһᣬƽƽģӽ̵ģ

Ʋȷʵӽ̵ģӶҽ飬վصһСӡ
Ҳʺϰ䣬Щкô˵ҲзýаԼᡣ

ûа֪֪ԼֻͶǶϲŵģ޿ˡ
ڱС˵ģһְֱͷϣЩ

齱£ҪԼƻˣӵű죬һͷԵ޻

˫ֳڻߣͷŵƣЦһȷʵҪһ

̧°ͣ޾Ͳ˲ͷܳʵصҾúܺÿ

ͷͷģ۰Ͱ͵𣿡

ЦЦ˵˾ʲô

գŴ˵ˡ

޵ͷƽ˵ǲǡ

޲Ҫ˵ˣҪѡ

޾ȥϣдŶ
ѣͰͰ͵ز䵽ߣհֱϡ
дʲô

Ҳվã
첲̽ͷôԼдˣйܼҰæдöѽ

ԴЦЦҪдأ

Щˣſϱߣ˸档
ǰ

޴Ӻ߷סԼϡ
㶼ˡϥϳģ˺̾˿˸ļ

û޵ĸ첲ϡ
˾ͣ¶ѹ

磬ֻдһΰɡСۣﺬˮŮЩӣҪ޸ˡ

޵ͷñβ˴գ˻Ҫд֣ͽ
ͷߵСϣЦЦѹˡ

дһԷͷҲܶ
дרעһһЩдһϣÿһĻ˻ǰдˡ
ӣרעʱԵü۸Ӣͦ

Сۣ첲ϰ䣬ڸ״ҪӣЦҡ

޵ͷһۣЦЦһߣǾͲ롣

ŴЦյģ룬ЩߵɣոжƯϸý

޶˶ְֱۣû
һʴˣдһ飬˺̾˿Ƣá

ͷһ˫ˮģ°£۵أá

ͷգס죬£˽Щһ˵

˯ǰҪʲô
һ¾ȸԾࡣ
Ůеӣص˵޵°ͣҪԼ𣿡

һ˳˳ĳ

̾˿ϸ׵ֱ޵ļЩЩԼҵģ⼸ʵЩæġ

ЦЦ˵Ǿˡ

ͰһϣŮЩҲҡ

޵ͷһֻԺؿڲȥҲɢһЩȽ׷

һļȵϢ°ϣС˵ģ㲻
Ĵֺ˺Ĵ⣬°ͣĺᣬʪȵϢﴫȫ

ޱ˱۾ǰ£ס˰ֵ֡

ƽԼ˰һΡ

Ŵ죬Գ̵Сա



ݣڵѾɱۣԽ˴Ԫĵرߡ

ԳһСϱɱ˸ǹôѽƻȥˡ

ҹԳ˺ʪ£ͷŴӾżüͷԽԽ
һСͷͷԳۣдȥͶ

Գ󲻴ͽӵˣСͷͷҲ⣬ԳǸӸ磬Сͷͷһᶼܷǹˡ
Գھл˼£ѾԼסʰѣҹͳˡ

Ҳ˯ߵ˰ҹһ˼ҡ

ԳӣǰȥޣԺʱȴͣ˽Ų
ͷԼԼ˵ţü

ߵˣ˵
ǴԪڡ

ԳջؿڴѰڲԶķǽͷ

Ժ̴һ󹷽ˣԺԭм̾Ϩˡ

Գ˾໰ܡ

Ժͷһᣬӿʮ




68.  ݼ   һҪô

պæ, ޣͳţʱֻ߼һӡ
Ů, Ǿ뿴Լġ

ʱ, ְú, ͽŰһЩϵ
ҷ, ЩǵӦ֡

һãʤػ
·򸾵ǰѾеʤһһ̽ˡ

ʤʶЩ, ˵һһдˡ

ּ״ЦʤЩͷ
ūžϲġ

ֽü

ԭ, µĸԭҵˣҼһ, ֽûд, ȷʵǸӸǰֵˡ
ϲѾ, ̾, Ű˷䵽ׯȥλ˼, Ըһ˻, ׯϣֱȫ

¿ʵĳţ²Щġ

ǳΪ˳ȥŴǮ, ʮ, ƾҰĹϵǰȵ׬ӹˣֻ°ĿǧӣҲ֪ι, ÿֻǧӣӹʮҪǰòԾӳˣǻҪһЩ

룬µЩˡ±䵽ׯһ£᲻ẮλģϾͿ๦һӡ
ɰﻹǣһҪҲ֪ģòòȥ

ֿɫǸûᡣ
һģҲʱƽһЩ飬ƷԺã˾ٵú۸סϡ

룬¾Ѱˡ

Կ֣Ź˵ģǵ̫ࡣ

⸮ϵĹǶõģԪҲǰֵֽдţ·򸾶˷˷ȻҪãԽʱԽǲ

üƺʲô飬ЩūžҪʱʱؽƤӣηһȻĻңԼӵӴ죬ض´ΣԵūżˣҲ᲻ƽﶼ˼ԺҪμң

ҲҪ£ͷҲҪһǿô꣬Ÿֱ棬Ƕڸ£ӷĴҲһƤýһܺüк󱲡

ڷҲδܹңͷŵ࣬ھУҲֵ㲦ͼһЩ

룬Ҳµĸףֻǹܺµˡ

ƵصͷﲻÿιЩˣֺùֻѹǣȻȿֺһһعء

ͷЩ죬ܽˡ
ԵĹŮСмĸĿȾЩ·Ӧ֣˿ֻĵ̡

ֱͽ޶ϸЩżδĸ仰Ҳ˵Ŀˡ
ֲЦеūҲȥӣڿɶںʱ
ȥ죿

޵Ļ£Ȼˣɲʮġ

˼˵һ죬ֻúһ󵱼ҵġ

ּߣǲ׷ʣ˽µĥҪʼ׼ˡ
ҲƸķᣬҲãȻһ·˳ġ

µȷŵһߣǰսĻ
˵ǲԸϵļױԸ͵Щ

˺ǲ˵飬ֱۣǻδɻԤҪˣ
ŮҲף

ԼϴȥЦףԼ֪ȽЩ㡣

ھ˵ǰƸˣϸľӪ
ˣ޿һۣЦЦ˵ծҪ֡

ûӣ˯ͷھ˸¥ĵ棬˼ҽݡ
ҽﻹණҪҩҪҪв߰ա

տһգѧͽվˡ
Ͼǵһգ˻Ҳȷʵ˹˾ͷŵһߣˡ

Ӷ֪㣬ҽݲԶиѧãҲû֪ĸӶ˵Ҳܰȵض飬им԰Ȼġ

Ӳ֪ΪҪ飬ǻ̽һ
˵˼ȷʵˣ˴˵˵ҹûҹʱԺйУڶѪʹԺˣһңֻһСĶӲɣǱֱˡ

Ļü
ΪҪأͬҲϹϵѽ

ԼкӣϢ̾ϢһĻ̻̣Ǹ֡
ɽЩΪ˿ڳԵģʲôĳ룬ⰸ˵򶽾ڲ飬Ҳ֪ʲôʱ֮ܽԷ

ɱ˵ɷԣǳ͢޹ɱˣصܽ˹ñͶΣ䵽߽ȥͨɱ˾϶ͷ̨Ҫܿƾ١ӻĻƴӣɱҲ׹Ϣ

ߺ󣬰Щ벻ףҪʲô
ܲƽ޹ʵɱ˵һңΪ˽óǷꡣ

˵ɽǲŵģ˵˵ļҿֵɽ˲󵨡

𣬾ȻҲ˹ơ
ﲻԣһʱᵽ벻

ۼѾҪʱˣ޻δ֪ԼҪһ˳ˡ
Ů˿ɫ̾˿



һ¥һĻͷ˵˵

˵˲ˣרŽǹ֮£ò¥һƬк

޴˻ᣬ壬ЩЦɣ
˵˽ЩƶӣҲûʲôֵĴʻ㣬ǺͬҹᣬɽＸ˾ʤࡣ

ҲúЦӽüڣЩǰԲҲ֪Щôġ
ӣге˵˶ˣרŽһЩ¡

ﻹ˵Ϊ˹˵飬˰ޣųֽһҵˡ

޿ϣûʲô顣

ûһᣬŽˣ޵ͷŴš

ϳˡ

ͳһЩͬ˰
л˵һһ֣Ҳ⣬ֻڽüӢǵüƵƵ

⼸ϳĽãƽǾƲͬϵģͷѹҲϵϣһᣬſЩʲôӲУܲ컯֮½˴ɱˣһһ档

˲Сʱ޾뼸뿪ˡ

ﶼЩ죬ǶϵԹ٣һӣҲԪ۵һӵıʸӣ΢ʱ̣ȷʵ£ǰҲǲѵģû뵽ֻ뼸˺˱ˮ

˳ų¥ž͸ųȥ̽顣

ֽǹȻмм̽ͷ̽ԣۼż󳼽ȥˡ
̻ȥ䣬ӣˡ

ЦЦ˹壬˳ȥ˵һЩͣ˵

ᡣ



ǽֽǵļ̽һǻãűּ·ȺУ˦βԺĽ

أ⼸ϳƽȻǲĵģʱУЩűʸӵˣڳг˼ʮ꣬λĲ󣬵Щ״Щ塣

Щ̽ӵĻԺ΢ɲü

¬֣£⼸˶үϲ£ǽлסˡ

п˿˵ϣѲӹϣЩͷ۵һ

¬˼Ǿǲ⼸ˡ

бͶ˶ûʲôøУҲ˲õˣֻһᣬҲܸɴ䡣ֻ⼸˰ˣ͢죬ÿԷּ

ʱ鷿ͻȻã򴽡

һСͷãӣ⡭
ӲϲСϣ֪飬СҲ֪֮ߣ쵽֪Ϊײǹˡ

д룬ǽˡ

¬Ծ˳ȥСϾһ鷿

С뱲Ӷĸ˵ңǳ󻧣ĵ÷үӳ谮ӣСòؼеŮԼ˵˲ͬ⣬ǿһҲʵʣһûԹʲôġ

н˷ˣԼȴδɢؿϡ

СϳޣüͬЩ
СҲںĮֻӿɱˣλϷ̽ӣδǻ

̾˿̧۾ޱ
СϾмӵ񿴵ñëĿİӣΣ

⼸鶼ãҲǸֻ࣬Щ˭ɵҾ˭
룬ĿֱֱСϣ㣬Ҹŵġ

Сֹȴ֪˵ʲô
ЦЦ͸ױĻ
˲࣬ʲôܽծһߵġ

Сϴ˸ųɵġ

ޱһʾȥ
СϳԭأӰϾ㸸ףô

Ѿͷˣһֳֻ˳Ŷͷ¬ͽСϡ
ϣҷϵ鷳ЩȨסֽŴٳһеˣҪĶ

¬ͷ˵˵ˣüģȥˡ
˵˵İӺѰ졣

˵ʲôĶУ˫۾طҪҳͿļҵͷϡ



ϵòˣҹֻ˿Ϊβԡ¡

ѾһʵƤֻ˵ԼҹﻹҪ֣Щ˯

ֵǺοаҹСЩʳĶˣȼһЩ۾
˵ЩˣԽԽѰ˼ҳ֡

ҹһЩ˸򵥵ķʽͷֻ˸Σ򵥵˿˱ˬˡ

ͷЩ棬ӵأһСβ೤
ƣҲǵģˮͷܺãĵðݷ·ڷ⡣

˼ǳɫĹ䳤ȹױ̨ǰȥģ򴽣ֽзЩ֬
ϢڿڱУ徵ԼЦЦһԵķһӡ

磬һε䴽ݹˡ

㷵ģ뻴Ͼδɻ顣
ӵľϵиɲܽл͵ˡģĸ̵ס

˵죬ͷֻ˵ˡ

ԺǧϣһһµصšԺó棬ȼ˸óС㡣
ϹһԲԲڴϣҹߴȹھ͸Ʈ
ԺӵŰţͷǽеճɵһƬ

ǧϣǰ߹ŲԶԶش
ǰóǶޡ

ȵû˯ǧϣͻȻԪˡ
ԪŸӵվԺͷ֣ӵء

ȹڳȥͼԺͷи

Ԫӵаţ
һתͷԪأ

ԪŰֱ޵ֻԼûģͷ

ֻԼĳ򿪣зܴ
ҹ֪ΪΣࡣ

ƽȵҹɫʻȥѹʯذ˻˯ʱѾӽʱˣ·ϾȻҲû̽

ͨʻ˾ǣڴϣԼǻСӣ׳ȥĻ꣬һɵҹǮΣͬ˽ˡ
Ů룬ԼŴЦ졣

ãϵƶǶҹ飬Լ˯һԺˣڽ˯

һƬҰͣʱóڣģ

γѣգգ۾æӳ̽ͷȥ
ŮЩɢң۽˯κ졣

޴ͷ˲ȺƺЦЦһᡣ

Īˣ죬˸ԼյְָĲ˲䣬Щӵӣһᡣ

޾͸ҧҧĴ꣬Ϣʪڰϣʲô
˵޾ͰˮĴĬһᣬ˵㡣

޽ȹڣԹԾһֻֻӵһμС
طִֿ󣬿Ұķϸ壬Ű°ڣѵҲҡҡλΡ

޴ԶɽܽصĶüˮĴ꣬󿴵ķ٣˲֪뵽ʲô۾ЦЦ

֪ΪΣ̧ͷ
޴һټĺɫѣܿɫѪܣỬĺᣬеյ÷΢⡣
øߴֿ񣬰Ѱ£ڻ䲻䡣

ͷԷ裬Ī
ŮֻҡҡͷЩ㱵ţ˾أ

ǣ֣ǰŲ׺

ΧһƬڣҲ߽һû˵磬ԭԼúµģǣ֡
ȵģðģŮһһߣŲԽԽ죬ؿھСݹ๾ð
޵ıӰԴʪģԼĪ

ڴܣ޾ģ΢΢һգܿߡ
ƽƽˤˡ

һԼСǺ˵ģ˵Сڳ裬ӻ۵ģô¾;鷳ˣ

޺ЦһСۼʱƯ˸ɴŮŮҪҶ

޲˵գϲ䣬ڰģ˵Ҿ㲻ˡ

̧ƨɣҪһҪô㡣
˺Цһ˻ᣬƽҵı

ϣ򴽣죬Сϣ㺬ѽ
ԸġŮЩӣָ޵Ķ˵ϸϸģýȥҶš

˲˵ˣŮϱߴòЦһ࣬氮졣

룬С˵ģüϸϸҺҲǿԵġ
Ůأֱ΢΢ļϸ˸ȴ˿š

ظ£ͣ˽Ų
˺̾˿ƽƽˣò¾ˣ㲻ȥĸף

˵գ˺룬ƺطҲҪŮ

ССذһع޵Ĳӣϲ˵ˡ




69.  ϸ   ȡϵİߣ

ĸʲôأ˻, ִ˼ϣ̲סҪֱӡ

ޱСʱɳ, ʱ᲻ص, ԼǸˡ

̾˿, , ϸϸҡ
Ůϲ˲䣬ͻȻָ˸޵ļ, Ǻۣϲ̵, ңһʮְġ

Цһ, Ѱ˵, ֱ׵֪Ķˡ

뿴ɫ, ˲Ӿͽס, ҪҶ

յúأʹһ, ޵ļϰ˰, Թۣ˭Ұء

ܲסģǰŮŵһԵʯϣС, ŮɫŴ˵, ְ

ᵹϣֱۣеû˵һƣֻʱʱӦһ¡
ͣסŲʱ, ûع޵ļͷǰ̽͵ˣ

һѰ
һȺɫĸߴľţſ˿أϹŸ̽ԶԶȥǽԺֱɫڸǵԶ

ƫƧĵطô˴լӡ
˸߸ߴģ˺аȫУϣ룬ͻȻŲһߡ
δɻ飬޵ĸ׿˲̫ðɡ

޿ҲŰļڻƽƽģʲô

򴽣һ˫Ӻġ
ŮͷսеյϸۣѹС￴ˡ

ް˰ļЦһ
˲᲻صس˳ŮĳޱؿլԺ
˳ðǰȵģŮ˶ֱۣҲ

һᣬ˵ͷļ

üӢ忡ƽǴʲôζ
죬ͷЩߣʲôѽ

ЦЦĶͺͷĿˮҪԼˡ
ֻĦһգŮͷϵİΡ

´٣ϱ߳˼̶СΣڿյģŮͷʲô

ްתһȦֵڰϣǰߡ
ʶر˱˵ֱۣ޾͸˸ļ򣬽¡

ΰǰ̽ˣ˰ķϡ

򴽣ģ˷ܵͨ죬Կס
գ˵ֻƿ˴š

һ߿ȥĶʯ̵СԶԶ쵽լ
ЩɵǸ

һǺƽĸ

ǲ˵ˣͷģ
վǰһᣬǽ޻ϣϸϸģЩ¡

޵ͷһۣǣŰ֣˲ӵƣ·ϵĵ
߽ȥԶͷһȼ·֪ΪΣŴЦЦ

˶ɨģȻûţǺܸɾһ̴ζ

ĸǰ˼𣿡ǣ˵֣Сʵ
޿˰һۣЩЦֻס

߹˻ᣬǣŰһã˷
һׯϸߴķУɫȱִſ޵ζ

Ź˷ǰ˰㡣
̲סʣĸ׵λء
Ҳ󣬿޵ģȷʵûλ⡣

ϿʲôŰļ򣬰ŮһЩ˼һϡ
ƽȷʵȥġ

޻С㸸أ

޳ĬһᣬҲȥˡ

ʣ޾ͰڻҲ֪ġ

ͻȻ§סļϸֱޱϸ˸
֪ΪΣȻޱ飬ǸЩ˵ġ

˾ؿŷݽӳһƬӰ֪뵽ʲôѻŮ§Щ

ըƻû˵
һᣬ̧޵գģ磬Ժĸװɡ
˵ܲζ򴽣ЩĸҲá

ЦһסĴ˺̾˿ɣôµ֡

ʵڰϧƿ֣ỹļʮµֵġ
ް˱ס˰Ҫ˵ˡ

Թ˻رá

˻ᣬҪȼˣͻȻİգƽ˯ˣ
ҡҡͷǴ˸СǷ

޸˸գȪ𣿡

һ޳ֱ۴

˻һЩֻЩ˼Ϊֻĸס
ȪɵˡŮ˵ϸ룬⸽ûеġ
ܱȷʵкüȪׯӣԺܻй˼ȥȪׯӱǽ꼸û˳

ŮţѹţָָͻҲԸԸ⡣

޿һۣЩԸġ
˵ЦЦ̧ۿ˿ܣûʲôֻĽҰģʲô˼ġ

˵ñæԼһЩЦЦ£ڻ°ѹϡ
űŮСޱģЩߵϲ

޾͹°ͿһᣬŰߣ˺̾˿ͺɡ

ڻߣȴЩģ˽᷿ӵĹС
ʱ᷿ﶼǺһƬɭɭؽ˲Ҷ࿴Ͱֱϡ
˵ͷһۣ룬ְˡ

ϣḧ˸ֱۣá
Щմһ¾Ҫ˿޲ֻҪ˯ˡ

ӵǰѽΣЩߣû
˰ߵһԺǰϱ߸ֵģںڰ￴壬ѵһЩû

޴ŰԺӣƿһ΢΢ϵš
ϢˮһڣͻȻᵹ޼ϣĵж

һĴȣҪ˵
Ժ˴ɨмһȪˮ¶ĵһΧ˸߸ߵΧǽ

ڵ϶ýŵµĶʯģЦЦ˵Ƿ֢а¡

Щ˼ȻںģܹҰ⣬᲻
Ů§ס޵С˵ԼĹǡ

û˵ֻԺһȦˣյԺõģֻˡ
֣ӵƣǣԺһȦ

ͷˣΧǿտģҪˣҲߵΧǽ
ްѰԺԼһԵ᷿

ҿһŵѣͷһɫɴ£ԼԼܿɴµµɫǶ
ͷԼЬҲѵһߣ˻㶣ЩôûúÿһЩ

߶ȪЩͨ죬һԿ᷿Ҳȼˣӵƽ޹Ȫϣ˲֪᷿ʲô
Ů򴽣Ž˳ӡ

ȵЩ̵ĳˮӿؿڣһ²վȣڳԡ
ԼȫůģͬյȲһ·ǱųһȺ˸衣

ò񻰣˫£ǰԺ紵ţԼҪ˯ˡ

һֻͻȻסѰᣬˮգѡ

ŻعԼѾ˵ļϡ
޺̹Ȼû£ϱ߹ˮ飬ܿϵµ˰̡

ԼЩˣ°ʹ޼ϣᴭϺȾ֬ؿ˵š
޵ͷ˻ᣬŮԶһЩ

˸첲ڳӱϣźƣͻȻͷ
Ử˻渲һ㾧Өı

︡ŸС̣ϱ˸ĸԣȥ

ļ򣬰ֱۣڰģ۲ۡ

ŮɴϣӨϷˮ۰ȳƵֱˮ΢΢ֻ⣬ƿĿ⡣
˺˿ھƣƽƽۡ

ŮͻȻļϵ˰̣ʪȵϢ޴Ӽ鵽ԣ񾭶ըһ¡
˶٣ѰԶһЩ

Ҫˮ޺Ⱦƣģú𣿡

û˵ͷιһڣðͷ飬ҧҧʹ

ǳһھЩˣϻ˯
˰§ȵĳرϣһһµļӲ˳β׵֪ܣ˸ΰѼѾʱˡ

ͻȻˮգ˹°ͣԺ۾
ƽ㰮𣿡

һ¾ˣط˼ϣΪͻȻʣ㣬硣

һû㰮ʲô

ͷŮһķ˿ʪģϣ޵ġ
Щߣ룬ҡҡͷպģҲ֪Ҹʲôġ
˵ʵ޴ӿ飬һĥһ졣

޳Ĭһᣬ۾Űûʲô˭𣿡

ͷĿˮŮЩ׹ˡ
˸޵գᣬҲģ硣
ǲģԶǸ硣

޴ӿһᣬֱ˸ŮĲӨǣְ˰۵ļͷ
һִֻСϣֱڲม̲סɪһ¡

ͣס˶ת˹Ůɴ£ͷ죬Ⱥһӿ˳

޲ȥʪյѣ̲סǰһ޼ϡ
ʪȵһ𣬰֪зӦġ

ûһˣŮļ򣬳ĬһᣬŮժϵߡ

һ㶣ͷ

޵ƽƺؿ
򴽣ϸ׵ָ϶˶٣ȡϵİߡ

һϤİӡ

ûʲô飬۾ûüзӦͱ˵˳رϡ

øߴ󣬼米ƯʱּУ˿š

ֻСһסʪȵĴ࣬Ŀѹ米űôһ˫ϸ۵ֱ۹˵ļ米ϡӵβ룬з紵ɨϡ

˱˱⣬ʪȵϢ˳°͵ӨĲһֻ˳ļʼ䣬ͻȻϱġ

Ѿʧˣ£ƣһը׳죬ϸܵ

£ˡ



ݣҹͷԷΡ

Գ˵ϣΪѪǰƬ̵ĺڰ

һȺΧһԣ˵ʲô˵س˵ӣ˵ʱʱԳָָ㡣

Գ󷳵òˣݺݵϹ˹ȴԼڿе˸ԲصشϢһᣬ˾໰

һԵ˶תһͷͷһ˵˾ʲôһɫ˾ǰ

˿ͺܴˣҲɾ࣬ȺǵλҲ͵ġ
˻ὲһЩԪܽӲʲôˣ

Գһ£Ŵ˵ˡ
߽ͬϵѲߵˣôʮ˴Ԫڡ

ҪôЩǱڴԪҪôǴԪ˼ϸ

Գ뵽ݺݵüֽţֻܵ˵ˣӣ

ϸ𼸷ֲãһԵͷͷػȥˡ

ͷͷǸЩ꣬ŻɾһȺΧм䣬ù־£ֻһ˫۾ðһͱ
ͬ˵ǹڵϵġ

̧Ƥӣ˿Գ󣬵˵˾ʲô
ԥһᣬͷӦˡ

ҹɫʼǰƽȺΪ˲ײϴԪˣ

Գ˷ֽϵϣڶ󷽡

Ⱥⲻ֪Ҫȥģ϶ĥ˵ɰʯûһԳϾͶѪ
ԼĪСʱԳһ첲ѾѪģˡ

Ǹһ飬ʵ֪֪ģ

ԳѾЩˣ궼Ǹѵģһ۵ʧȥ֪˻
˶٣Դһ£ЦЦء

ɫڣӻصߣ룬˵Щʲô
˵ͷһĸ׳Ĵ󺺣ųԳ

Գ˱۾֪ԼҪˣ򴽣еѪζĵ漸ҪԼĺ

ͻȻһ¡¡˶סˡ


ͬʱһ֧ͬ콵̤ƹڵسѹҪ
ԳԼԼͷ콫߸ߵ֧һġ
ǻľӡ

ԳԼȥ֮ǰʲô˴ϣ۾̧ͷδģһһεˮ



ҹ룬¡¡쳹죬һˣˮשϣεδġ
֪Сﴫһ޺һյһյһ˲ը˹ӵա

һСѣױųңˮϡ
Сֱ㶵ģʲô

ϸꡣ




70.  ƫִ   δ򣬸ܷԺ󡭡

˫ȷ, ȥ

һֹֻ䣬վá

۾, ش˸, , 磿

, ϱģ˲˵, ᷿

᷿ܴм˸ɽˮ, ȼްѰ, С, һӸͷ

Ůͷ, ˰ѽӴͷ, һֲֻڱϵɴ¡

˰֣ɴ¶ڵ, ǰ˷ӡ
ޱһ, ļ˳˳ļƿ

ǽʲôˣð, Щޡ
, ʲô
ԼһҴ꣬ͻȻյˣҪȥˡ

޴, ƺʲôӢͦаҶ࿴
ƽ㲻˽ҡ˶٣粻Ǹˡ

򴽣ë¡
⣬Ϊʲôǰһֱߡ
Ϊ಻ÿ𣬻ʲô˵ˣ͸öǣǰ˽

Ů룬ͷ侲һЩɺᣬ磬㲻Ը˽㡣
޶̹ϣУްͬ˲һ

֪Լ֮ǰһֱҪ֪˭޻Լǰ֪Ը⣬ȥʡ
֣壬Ԫûй

֪򴽣ظ˸ı

ޱܿ˲ա

Сʱ鰢ǵòˣֻ֪ʧˣ·һûϹģ޻ʱ򣬰ʱǸ˺ܿɿ֣úܿʣǸҹӣһҲ
ͳҲûദ죬֪԰˵Ǹİˡ

ҵģüûƣ𣿡
ŮͷüһֶģǸӵˣԶ䵭ģ˿һ۾ͱסôҹעò

ǲģһҲ
ԼͷԼƶ㲻ǡ
ʱôû˻أ

޲˲ĳ￴ʲôһǰ˰ġ

˿Ľëϣüòǡ
ΪʲôҪطң򴽣Ųϣ˴˿̵鼸
أ

˴ӿһЩȥˡ

﷭ģЩģЩŮ˵ʲô޽ȥϡ
һᣬȥϡ
ͷиС¯һµ£֮ǰŵģŮڱﻻ˸ɾѡ

䲻֪ʲôòŽ˴ѣɫĹ䳤ۣĵ˱ͦݿȻ
رİ

޿ŲҪ˯ӣߣһĴһֵֻ°ϣʰ

˯ţͷϣ޵ݣڷ
Щ֪ԼʲôӦ
ϲޣҲϲǲκθҵģʲôأ

޵ͷ˳Ĭãᰴ˰ֱۡ
˴˴۾һ󣬽Űַڱ
˯ţġ

ҡҡͷƮġ
޾һƺŵ˯ǰ𣿡

ŮѰڱһ˫ӿޡ

˰˰ǣ˷ϵˮԼͷʪ˳޳Ĳ·Ȼû̫⡣
СʱסԺӡЦЦͷŰƽھ˯ҵϡ

ԽԼһ

룬ƺŴ˵𣬽գʲô֪ǰ𣿡

򴽣֪̽ġ
ǰǸ˼ĳһʵӹˣгķѵƵΪػĵĳӱθڣ¾ͷֱǰֻڻݣռССһط

ǰ˽սʱɱˡ֪ΪΣԽ˵ԽͣѾʲôˣЩɵؿޡ

˲ÿɷ񣬵Ҹס
޵ĸײǰǰ̫ӣ˿һۣЦЦƽƽʷѧòá

죬ֲ˵ˣŴˡ

޳ʱ׾ȥˣʱʧأԪ۵ռȥ
˳˳ͷԪȣҸ׵Ĳ¡
ԪһͳԺһԼ󻧣Щ̵˼Ҷ֪ϵλѾλˡ

޵ĸǵʱĸţڶ࣬һԸﰮμ⣬ǼΨһĽŮ

޵ĸǸº͵ˣÿʶ飬ͱ̫ӣ̫ϲû¾ǿ黭һЩҽ̫Ӹ̸ۡ˵ءԪ۾ǵʱ͢Ĵֻˣʱѵ̫ӻסˡ
̫ʱῡŻ汸ĽӰˣ֪жŮǡ

Ͻ棬Էʵ̫һ飬˼һ档
̫Ӽòȵ˵°ͣЦ˵ü续˼ԺÿնҪһ롣
ʱŮӵϿŮӶޣǰֻͬҪ̫񣬶еġŵڲɭϣ̫ĳ˾Ｘ֮Ů˸Ф̫λá

಻һɳӣӸյһСӶǣȴ̫Ӳͬ˷֮£һûʮױ޸̫һط֮Ů֮쾪˲˵۾ο֮㱾Ա¶̫ӵĺԺɢ˸ɾ

̫ǸһˣֻʮְϵģܿͬϺͺˣ˹˼ӣһֱС

˵˶٣ĸײϲӣó֡ǲϲ̫ӽĿ˵ϣԸҲУǸͼ˽ˡ

Ǹʱеģ̫ӾƺʧǣһŮ˺¡÷裬̫ȥϳ˰̫ӹ
պ˰ǣ̫ڳŵһѻԸҲˡ
̫ӹˣ䱦ɾ޴۷粨û顣Ǳʱӳ𣬱Ҫնģ֪̫ģҲϼңⱲӶҪ뾩

ϵĴ󵨽о˾ˣûգ̫Ͻ˻˲˸ұ˵л
ֳҲԸɢˣҲˣֻܽǹŮţ׽̫иϢ

ǹƣԪʱھӦѾϢӱնã̫Ӵһϳݣϵء

ҼĽɽڵϦ֮䣬̫ӱǸؿˣڻǷһӣҲˣֻһֱܣ彥ҲˣܵӰټҵƫƫͨգ̫ƽʢǸɶõ;ֻôһЩϳػݣŻ⸴ǰ

˭Ҳû뵽һ·ɱݣʱԪȻƵۣ˷ҶүŴ֧Ԯݡ
֧Ԯ̫ӱʬһϳӴܣıϢ˻ݡ

Ԫһͳ£ҼӹٽҲ

Ͻ̫Ӳ׸ΪɷͶڸڵĴУ֪ǳȥ˵ˣ˾ȳʱϲ㷢˷衣
̫ʵˣǰʬǰҲ٣ʬ׶Ҳȫ˼̤ڽŵס

ϱҪģʱǲУһϳధ󣬺ô̫ճϢ

ĸס˵˶٣ҵģͲϲбմȾ
ϵһչ͢Ϊ̫ƫִڴ˷

ܣӣҪ˵Щʲôֹˡ

ϴӻӳԺ޴ȥȥĶ½˷֣һưܵ˵뾩ǽܹ̫ӵĶݣǸºڵĵطﳤꡣ
ûʲôֵȤмֺɫ̫ǰϣȫϣʶԺϾԾˣ˰ѹǻ˵սϡ

޼ǵС꣬Լ˯ԺؿƵǴȥĸ׵Ժӣһ˫߸߹Ь
ϵڳ֪ԼԼĪʱͲ̫ˡ

׷ɱЩʧɢ׷ɱ޺Ԫ۵ˣ޽͵ʬѹڵ£ϢãԺμȫѪһһεڶߵѪ顣
ҪǷˣʱʱͷۣʱµë

Եɺ֮£ڷҲһʱ䡣

ķ֪ڷ븮òãҲǸ꣬˵Ҫȥĸ׵ļ⹫ͬ޴ȥײһ˶һС֪岻÷һȣȥʱ˵ԼǷ븮ү

ԶȱӣҪǽԪ۵ץס˾һȥ븮
ϷԼܲʧˣţ޾Ľ˷ҵţỹиС֣һ˵Լĸ硣

ʱ˯þͻļ򣬽ԹŮԼ˯Ǻܻ˵ˣһֻСڼ޺ܻε

գֱͦˣ߾ԽԵÿʣѲǸ޴ꡣ
ƺЩЦüȴʲôĸԪ۾ٱңΪҸס
Сúãݱ̫ӸӢͦһЩȴһҲ񡣡

޾ͽдæĳӴˡ

ʱԼ㲻ԼʲôΧԺ֮ǰʵûбҪȥǡ
ȥǻɣȥǾɡ

𣿡޴ӿԼǲ̫ģƽؽ״

ãճ˿ΣǾԼδܵϴӡ
ϲЦϲƵѣǰͷűͷЩܲˡ

˵տ˿ȥĶ㡣

գգ۾ԼҪˡ

ʦǸĴ壬Ҹףôϲң˵ֶǸѿˡ
Сʱ˶ˣܺܺõסϵѧټȷʵ̫ӣв㣬ϰ˴ߡ
һѣ޲⣬Ǹʲô˶áǰǸοͣеļӣںǲ϶ڳһЩһЩ¼ѵµĳ̬Ҳȥ

ͺϹ̫ӲͬһδС齣⣬ģϵġ

ǲʬԪۣҪбʬ˵úƽְ̧˰Ķͷ̾˿ηŵ㡣

ñͷᣬģ粻Ҫ˵
ĳͷһܵҪ޳

ֻЦЦ룬ûʲôУܷԺҪͬˡ
òã

ͷͲϲУλȥء
ҵúܡЩ㶵ؿޣ۾ˣ˵Щʲôأ
ʲôҲ֪ܡ

ǰڻҪˣĲϢȵģȢ㣬Щպڡ
Ƿıԣúڼ޸޾Լĸһ

ϸЩǣҪͬҳɻˣȴˡüüۼЩ۾˲գ᲻ģʱҪɱҲ֪Ҫֳʲôӡ

ϴž˿۴⣬ƽ뾩а·̣ΧǿҰ˷е·û֪

˸ûʲôú룬ҪԸ⣬Ǿͻȥ񡣡
ҪǲԸ⡣ЦЦһֳֻСϸɫѪܣƽǾ˵


һɢ˾ǵҲȨͬľ괺

ǰջʺԪ۰ּ⣬ҪΪ̫ӣּôæҲû˷ϡԪзˣּ˭˼һأԽݹţԪ۵ľؾԽһ֣οԭͲĴӡ

̫ӣԽɫȮ˹Ҳûгʺı޲Ҳ޴ʹھУݵıʺͬߣľƵģôҲСʺŭŷЩȨС
ʺҲ׵ģԪֻʣͷˣģֻܰͳץġ

ЩӾȨǽһͷԷȣҪصȥݱͲټϴ˼ҪʲôȱʲôΪһʳԹ
ҲɵˮúܣͲ˵ˣӦפݣö֮סھ˵ĿӶǲŵġοиɲ⣬ĻǼݻ

˾ûһͬԪվһϣҲѻ𣬺ڸԪݣ̲ס˼ۿҪˣԪѾһôˣ绻˵վһվ˵ĺôء

ҹ꣬˼ҶųȥҹɫУȥ




71.     㲻Ҫ£䰮ġ

ҹ꾪˸ϵ, ѾȻûϰǰŹư迪ʼ꣬Ҳ˯ˣſڴϱ߿ꡣ

Ҳ, ֻҪûϳԺ, ֻû, ǲˡ
˼һǣ, ŵԺȥ

լϵ;ӾʱլӣҲ֪εķ羰, ̫ӷŸûʵĶסСլͷһѮ, 뿪ʱʹϣԺլӾͷס, ٲס

լͷиԸԺӵ, ǰԺ, ޾Ͳȥ, ԺӼûôסˡߵǰŷӦЩʧЦҡҡͷ, תͷȥ˰Ժӡ

СŮ, һԺӵֶҪãҲһտյң˲֪ôƺ

ֽլԺͼŮ˯ڸ᷿, Щŵǰ, ˣЩŵá֪ﲻͬȥһҹδ飬Ҳ֪ȥ, ˹Ĵ̡

֪Ļ뿴־üһֻ֪һɨ֪̾Ͷ˰ߵʳˡ

֪ʱҲδ飬ЩɣҹģԽСˣģӴŰȥʲôˣ

ȵڶߴˮ¸ͣԺʯ̨ˣ˻û۾µ֣֪һ־ȥǰԺ


ǽһСѾ߽ѵġ

СѾ߽īǸĺӣаš

ڱҹȪůģôš
أɢԲļϣһԵСѾ߿СƯ

СѾҡҡͷЩųҹžδˣ˻˵йﲻҪŵġ

ҲȣͷͽСѾˡϷ˸ġ
ʱ׷ĵ£ľסһܡ

˵Լȴãڰȱ
ô᲻Ը޸ء

شӣǼ򵥵װΣǰиһŵϰߣ׵޸飬д󳼴֣û飬հһŲͷجΡ
ѱ£ϣͷףԼޡһɳݵİ⣬

ǣǣ֣Щ˵飬Ҳʮ䰮޵ġ


ʱˣϻˮӰҽһЩܳҩĶ˸طţص䡣ʰˣ뼸ѧͽһѧȥ
ѧõǸţѾܾòƾˣҲңһ˳ԱȫҲСѧա

ӰС͵ңֽɡʱϵˮѴ˯žˣ۾ǰţСﾡͷԶԶиߴ˻кᱧһСޡ

һ鶼˵ϣϸʱѾ߳С
ӽһһէһôˣ

ŻعЩЦذڰ֣ҷżһ˱һСΪֵܵСӡ
ֵ˵þ˵ˣͬͬ꣬һѧν̵ġ

Ҳſ˿ûϡ

ҽݵ˲࣬и·ǳ˸ҹ⣬ЩֶӣӸץҩȥڼϢһᣬû״ҩȥǡ

ѧͽҩģӵͷ̣¸ģһҩĶҪ

ҽﰲΣͻȻ˸µˣݽͷɴסˣһֱֻЩȻشһߣﱧŸŲСޣѾյЩˡ
ԼСޣȻ͸עһЩСܵˮȲȥЩۣһԵСβġ

ƺܻرͬ˽̸ֻŰźܽӲžüδ˵ʲôҩӿ˳

˸ҪȥСһڻأһͻȻҽݸΧ

̾Ҫߣֻƺֳ¾ͽȺסˣûѶ

һǰһŷ˾ȻֻһֱֻۣȺ˵ͷȻǰЩӲż



ǵһСԺߡ
˼һҹδߣǲƣ̬ʵûʲô顣

鷿ﾲһᣬ޿ĿڹӣСأ

˷˴ŽץסΪӻǱߵˣ˭Ǹˣԭ뽫ô˿Ҳֻܰ²
СӲʲô˵
ܳҩҵҽݣ˵ǻһЩĴԪģκһӲͷû취ʲôõϢûʳ˿Щشͷ

޳һᣬû˵ʲôֻ˰˵
˼̾ȥˡ

ȥûһʱ鷿壬־ϸרעʱҳš

޸˸ϵмƴԲһԣſ

̹֣˵˽һһ

ԭ˵˼࣬ر꣬߿ˣÿµĹǮӣüҲοϸĸӶǲģҪҩӡ

ۿһҪȥˣ˵˸¥һţ˵˻ģ׬ЩǮôеơ¥ıҲͣǵܹȥǿ˼գͻȻиҪھ¥ͷһҪҪеޡ
˵֪ЩŵѬģôҲû뵽£Լһ˶ӵĵ¡

˵Ź֣ǳıŻ£ôҲ˲졣
˵˵ֻǸǮµģ֪Ҳޡ

룬ûӣֻȥϵôˡ

͸¶У޲֪ΪΣûҪѽѰټ˳
Թ֣Ǳߵ̽ˣȷʵȥϣͣһʱ䣬һջסСһ£ʮǰˡ

޿۴⣬΢Щˡ
룬ƶͷ̽Ӷˣϲš

ϼȻȥϣо֪£ϱȻˣвὫôҪѺŵġ



СϽӣ˵ͷϵֽһ䡣

ȷһǰͷСϼ޸ʮ꣬δС

һһŵĶӣ㰲ˣ

һ㶣ʱ

ⳡµʵڼʱ˽˽µʱ䣬һ¾ͽⳡ˽֡
󺵹ȥˣԪ۵Ʊزľ岻׵ϾݣҲ̫ƽҪôһ̫ƽԪ۽ӻܻʵۣҪô͸ĳժԪ۵Դ

ᵽǾҪֵ˼ˣֵ˾ǣÿնеĺܡ

д˷ţʲôɸ¡

һᣬۼʱƺ׼ô

ӵɫЦӺ½βѹһѹ˫ϲţ
ֻ˵ЦָͷȢһСˣܹ˫ϲأ

üۼȾɢЦЦƽȻ˫ϲˡ
㶡

鴦Ժֽ֪ˣתת壬ЩЦܳɡ
ūҲΪΣֲ֪λػֲǰԺūžͳ˴ŵġ

ûʱȻҪء޳Ĭһᣬ彣䣬ģְȷȥɡ

ūһ̾ͻظȥˣ˿ɫѾͣˣ϶ǻİա

ü˻ᡣ

죬ݷ˾ǣһԺ󣬾˳ŴڳߣмͣһᣬһϢ



Ϸǰʧ̬Ժ󣬾ͷ·˸ˡǽЩūϲӣӺãִ󷽣·¶ƽϣƲ³ײģǸ˳޵
ȴ·аһ㣬գȻ˺üˣŪ÷븮սս´ùͷ

ϷսˣЩתֲˣһҩһҩ໹յͷۣҪٵǰϺˡ
Ϸ˼ʮȨĴ󸾣ǴԼ˳ϱܵģһʱĿʹֽһء

Z⼸չľģϱȻ߸µĶˣƤ˴߸ߵ¡˺ü򣬶˵˫̥ZȻϲʤǸϣֽˮѾüˣȵñ˲ӡ
˭֪ҲʡģͬϷֳһZȰţȰǾƣһ̵Ӳˣרչ

ܣе

գϷֲٴ̼
ѣȥ˷ZԺӡ

ϷʱǸҪǿˣҲûǸĿ̱ţǰΨΨŵŵΪ˽߿Լ֣Ϸ˵ƲĳôֺãҲȲϴ󻧳ĳϣǿ͸ˡ

ϽҷZҪʰȥ뺢ӣѰСԺ˸飬ԽԽҹ£ϵ˺üӡ
ͨͨûл̵ˣ°ڸ˵۸

·ZҲûа취ģ˵ҲǷֻȰǻĸǰ㲻밢Ҳʮġ

Լۼĵ£˵Щʲô˴ˣԭˣͦŴӳҡ

ǹĵÿţ·ʮֵļѣľս
ϿƤֱЩš

ҡҡȣŵһ߽ϣɫǺܺãЦŽˣŽôûһ
һ仰ͽûЦݡ

ʵҲЩϵķ氢ƽˣϴء

ϹȻεز˵һţǸԶԶسֵСδεصӣܵòˣ޲ԼߵǰԸټš

ţۿͺˣͬһȥǻһ⣬ȥηģ

һķ˸ۣʮ궪ھϲҲͦĵ

ϷߵֻһţZǵֲסĸ׵ᣬҧӦˡ


޻صʱԺﵴǧ

ǧǰʱŷֵģͷɫĶӣնûеġ
һͿǧĥʱ䣬СѾ߷·δһֱһĿ̫ˣҲЦЦСѾЦ죬ʲô˵֪ʮֵؿƿ

ű߿˰һᣬСѾ߷ԺſһЩ̧һ°ǧ

ŮƵǰһ£̾ͷӦˣͷģȥˣ

ŮδᷢشڼͷŽ
޲᲻صسһĳȥ˾ǡ

ƫƫԴ޾ˡ

ǧˣӭ汧סˣһ˫£˱ǰ硣
Ůģǡ

ް˰ԴСһ壬˻˵һĻֻȥˡ
߻ˡ˵ͷЦһƽ첻С

죬ȷʵģ½˵С࣬һ˫ˮģҶĻ
Ը޸ޣ˭ȥÿʱ߼Ӣüۡ
ǲ֪ôܽš

޲˵ǣǣ֣ȥͣˣ·һ¾ʹ˸䣬ʢ

ǣŽң棬ʶվһԡ

˱飬̧ۿһ£Ծȥˡ
㲻˵𣿡ֱϣһһ۾Ҫ˯顣

Ů̧ȥҳ޾ָ⣬ʵһЩ

ͷҲ̧һֱֻսһЩϥϣܵܲᷢģ˵Ҫһһ
ʵͦõġ˵ţЦһ

˰£ͷŮһ䣬ƽƽģ˵ɣš

⻰ģҲ˵Ů죬ް봹ŵԴƿЩߵʱұҪ˵ġ

޾һĦ䣬ƽ飬ûʲôаɡ

⵽аЩˣʱ򣬼޵ͷƺȥˣظ˸޵ֱһļ򣬡Ҷమѽ

޵ͷһֹۣĻûʲô㲻öԸ緢ģҪǱԣܰô
˶һ£һЩ˵˾ʲô̫Ļ
õûʵƺ

֪ԼǸʲô󣬽ֻ࣬æסĿڣ˵ˣŮЩյģҪģ
һǷ㼫ˡ

ְϣһֻĿһᣬŷģڿһˡ

Ͱһˣһ˫ӷˮͰ͵ģ̣ҵİɡ

ЦЦļԼϿƽ̣㡣

һ£ܣŮϷ죬򴽣ȵϡ
޵ͷһۣ˳ĳ˵ˡ

ƽͷͻȻ˸ؿڣһЩ̫ʱ˵顣
ϲģ磬֪ġֱ˸ĴȣļᣬǽҸ˵ġ

޾ؿס֣ҪˣŴ⣬ģ뿪𣿡

ҡҡͷͷһ˫ģЩӣ㲻Ҫ£䰮ġ

ްһᣬ

˸ļ򴽣С֣ŮƤŻһۺ졣յ޶ߣʪȵϢﴫȫ
ŮЩߵģ޵գ죬СҲ˺òã

ֱ˸˵Ĵȣоļˡ
Ůһͷûʲôؿ




72.     óӸĸͷʱ

ִֿ, ޴һȦߵСȶᣬǽ˱ȥġ

ܴ, ʱ׷һѻ˸, յÿԭ, ޽˺ɺõ, ûкס⣬Ҳû, ϢټԵЩį·ֻɨ, ǻߡ

ޱϣ, Сʱͬദһʱ, ɺʲôǵˡ
û˵, ֻĴ, ͺ̾˿ĸ, ߵūҲ, ģҾ͵˳Ժʹһ
˾飬Ȼ, ҵһۼ, ͸ðϳġֱʱʶޣ

ĸϳ𣿡룬˳, Ȳ⣬ϷΪξǲԸ޸ޣڲ֪ԭ
˵Ϸ˸У˵﷢ˣޣﲻ

һϷȷʵһ۾ϳˡ

Щ꣬˰Сۣڰģû¡
ǳ£ҹﶼ·ȱһ顣

ûƨɣģ㲡ˣ
˻ŵĻ

ʵѾûʲôˣڽһʣ·ίˣЩ
ҷգ˺üգĴ˵һˣǻţҲҪջˡ

޳ĬһᣬһС˵ڱСӲвµᶼϷŸҲûţССˣžžવصᡣ
ԺҡͻȻͣסˣİƨɣǺƽȥĶš

Ժ˯˸Ҫؾˡ

ֻ뿪һϣٽȴ·δˡ

ϵĻˮѾɨˣʱϣģȻ˼ִǰζ
ֻЩ¥ŵģҲ࣬ڶ¥Ӷ˼ϵĸҲ

Щ˵ǿǵʵ࣬±Ѿ˰Ĵ󲿷һ꣬Ѿɢд󲿷ֵ

ɵģ·һɴʱʱһףЩ͵վԺ״Цúϲ£죬ǻҪһ꣬°겻ˡ

ͬڽϣһϲŮİƿ⿴ſţͻȻͷһۡ
Ů򴽣СУҴǰӣ㻹öҵ֣ʱǲҵġ

޿ڳϱĿԶҲһ¡
ҪʲôЦЦƽǸ

С΢˵

ֻһۣ˵ˡ

˻˸ϣͼ۾ڰԺǰͷҹû˯ã˰ȫ˲˿
⾩٣ȴǸӿܵ˽˺ˡ

޽аȥϢԼͬȥǰԺ鷿

̫ӵ֣̫¶㵽ݣ־һ·ȥģܸиȥظ̫ӵ£᲻ԼСĺӡ̫ӵҲЩȥˣΪޣûʲôͷġ

޳ʱ־źһԣֱ۳̳ߴ׻ҪɫԼһϳңɥĵԪ۱Ƶȥ
ּǸ䵭꣬ҪȢСˡ

ӣѾˡ̾һ߰һϣʽ

ļһ죬ӶͬģȻҲᷴԣֻʱţһжϸ

Ƕű񣬱߽ǹı־ɫǴɫ˿ףŻִ
˰˿Ҳû˵òãֻøĶСԼѡġ

ڶʮˣǰĵڶ졣

ͷ¶úܣ޲ںӣԸ⻨Ǯͺð࣬ͬЩϸڣ˵ʹĸŽЩʲôˡ
޿ϣûʲô飬֪ú档

Ȿ޲ĵģˣʱʱͻʣָɴȫϱһ顣

˵ЩԺҲû뿪Цеؿޡ
ĪǴŹȥֲȥҲֻܲµһطˡ

һͷ飬üۿʣδȥˡ

ǰǸ˵ģ̫һ£һ£Ϊƺǣû˲ϲλ̫ģҲʱ

޲˵ֳɵؿһۣû˵ʲô

޿˿֣ƺµĹǣֲֻزĵġ

ֻõͷ̫ͬȴͬһģӿ̳ġ
Ը֮ҪǿӶ˵ƶרᣬԷ̫Ӿͽһѻˡκ̫ݣϰȵ̫˵ʲôš

ޱϣֱй֮޲СͶԼϲҲ˰һµģҪ¶Щ͵ɫŵò˵

ΨϸҲ㣬䣬վһ˭˵һɾ£߼ˣֵһԹ¡

Ҳæء

ѾˣǣڶӣҪȥˡ

Ҫߴ磬ԼĪ¾ҪɻˣҪӽԽ巿ͣרĹŰߡ

Ŀʽֱۣ࣬һ𿴣˴ӣԸⷭ˷Ƕֻ˵ÿ޷ȥҲþ

ԥԥȥ޿úЦ巿ˡ

Ļﴩꡣ
룬ԼС죬İ޶ߣЩɬǿҹҹ
޾Цֿ˵գҪ˵ЩԼڵĻ

磬Ͼˡ
ͬ׵ĳصģȻֻ޵ĺô£ھóʱˡ

ҰˣܲҲҳֲطңֻڷϼа죬ԼϱӾͿʼ׼ˣҪѰĿպ׼ôͼޣֻܱǸá

žΪ˰ƸģȥףƸҲ˷ңպͼʱܲûƸɹѽ

֪ûаţǲЩȥġ⼸մ꣬´ӲŰҲ֪һЩġ
˺æüû˯ˣԼܴԼˡ

Ϸϴдţ˵ͬⰢ޸ˣǲ̣룬ЦүүȥϽӣϷ˶ɨӭġ

θҰһԼҴɩƤһ̲סսСЦӯӯȰ˵ţֱ˵Ϸ˾Ϊģһӣ׼Լȥˡ

Ϸ˰ѷҵϣĶǷˣοһ֧ʹҷֳȥģϷ˾ûҲҪһЩƸܽзϾС
һҲҪ

ֹ˼գͲϵĶˡ

ϴѾߵСˣ˶ѣ³ͿʼǮ϶ϲģرǰɫ£ǻ

Щ״˿˾֪⻴ҪˣȢûǷҴӡ˵ʲôĶУһֻ۾Żһֻ۾ųʲô飬Щ̸ʣֻһźŻɢϢ

뼰߰յʱѾͶˣ˳ߴ磬Ѹøĵĵطһġ
Щ鴦꣬Ͼ֮͡

˵ͬZݷõʱ򣬰һӦǰݼױҲûԥ֪ȡ˳
ͬû֣ҲĶá

һҲףڸϲ֣ͬϳ˺üܣС󣬸ͲԼ飬ˣҲҪġ

ϱֻǲģ˭֪⼸ջָ罻ͬЩһ֪˷ǰЩӲûֵضڼֵǷꡣ
ͬһβ˷ˣҪ˼ҹӵδӺȥﰵذʾԼҪͬϽ£㻹ڷأͿʼıĻ¡

ӻ𣬸Щ˿

иĵͷǿͬϵȺǴߣԪۻݣķͱˡϵĺҲзŰܵòˣŮУĸܺõȥ

ȥϷҪӣͬŷƢ
ŻˣѿǼӰˣξҪϵѾӵ
޸ĸһЩδɫˣźȻһ˦ӣ᷿޿ˡ

ϴʱ֪ǻץΪţֻøƣҲ˵žˣǰˣȥɳ𡣡

˵ӣദʮ꣬ûи飬ԾʹҲģͿҲ˳ˣʱҸúһߵģ

⻰һͺˣһ亹Ҫǽ֪ˣ⻹ˡ
һһϻűѾߣ״һڷű֮ǰһ¹˵ϣϰ˵ˡ
ڷܹ˴ȴʱǣˡ˵û£ȺѾҪȥѾ߰㲻ȫ˵ˣϷȺѾһ

ԭһ˴ӽϻʱ򣬳ϾѾ˷ߣƽﻹʮꡣ

Դһˣȥ־͸˷һƣԺԼĲҲڲº͹ˣǽз͸ģѷ󣬵Ļ

ӲãʵʵģʮһյعעʳҪʲôʲôԼüױɢzl˭˵һá
ϸţＸžͶҡˣôܲģԸؼҵİǵѪһۡ

Ŵ˷ǿϹ۾Ҳˣ⣬ڶشߴٷZ

Ϲ¾ɣЩдٶ࣬̾õĸŲֵü޵Ȩ֮ҡȻҲѾ˼޸˷˭ⲻ꣬ҾһղһˡڻŰѰȰȥӼȻԸȢˣֺο޸һ˳ء

˿ͿѶ˽ȥϿŵƽʵӣؿǰ˼ƴ
ǰҪˡ

˽ѾŽãûһᣬǰͳһӰ

ĺܿ죬֪ıŸӸ󡣡
ŮڸϾڼһ㣬ü򵥣һɫĶԽС£ͬɫİȹڷѩȾԺ죬ͤͤ£˿Ʋۡ

һͺ۾ſȴ֪Ҫʲô
ˣǰϻԽ˵ˣ֫ϸϸģ·Źɶصζü۳ͬʱֱƣϿſţסϣܵô

СӳûиӣҲûůůС֣һҲûС

ǺƽԣǸİˣʮ궼һ棬ôָи顣
ZҲЩִ٣;öԲڼ˰;ΣֻһԲ˵ˡ

˲ҪţЦһ䣬ɩǲҪˣ
ҲǸڽʵСӣɫһЩ˵ɫٽӲˡ

ZͷҲһЩ˫̥µ׾Ҫˡ
Ҳοƽһ˵仰

ǿͣڿ˶ԣܲܽɥȥ˻ҪΪͲܣ֪Ҫдʲô˲һɥģ¡

Ů֪ǰСӷϣѾ̳ȥˣױҲʣǴ߰ɡ

⻰ĶҪˣŰͬ˵Ϊ⺢ﻹԼأôһ¾˵ԼѾ̳ȥˡ
ǿЦøģ

ҡҡͷ΢ЦѾ̳ȥˣպҲýĸ׵ģⶫȻǲʵġ

ZһԿЦȻˣǲȣǿȻԺġǵˣȻġ
̾˿ôҲ벻ףúõһģ

ϻûӦڼҪڰԱߵĸ߽ϣס֣аźۼƿ֡
ǲǲˣǽģҲпԵģպȻǰˡ

ϾðԼģϷ˲Ǹţϴ߷ŹȻΪһΪϷˡϷƫƫ֫ǰѶ󷿵ݣϸֻԼŮϷ˶ҪТġҪǶȥʮ꣬ﻹǵþء

һǧһɣǶϰ۾ȻʲôҲ˵ˣӲس˳ǣױţܾ̳ȥˣͬؼȥԺġ
ʱ˹̶Ҫã׵ģ˵̵ܹ̾ġ

˵˵ž͵ᣬģôЩ꣬תĸǸݲɳӵˣƫСӣǴ󷿲˳ۣǷ㣬Ժ󶼲㣬ǡ

ֱͬͣӴŮ˴۾գŽۣҲлˡ
˵пǷǿԵģβһعأЦЦ
ڰǸ֪İˣںǲĻΪԼȥͷţǷ۰Լܶסˡ

һ㶣Űɫˮ
ãŮ˿Цһﲻ֪顭Ҫġ

磬ЩѰǰѾȥˣһЩͬùϵ˶ر˷ƷѾ͵ˡ
һһƷӣľͺú⣬˭ˣ˭ûͣСʰϡ
ЩˣҪȥ˲ᣬǺһ˲ᣬֱ֪üȰҪٿˡ
ҪˣЩȥԺһ档

ֻ÷˲ᣬ겻ȥԺͷ

ŮԺﵴ˻ǧЩؿԺĳ

ǲֻСӣϴĻš
ϾǼˣžǳɻ飬Ҫ޸ˡϰף޴ڿʼѾܼˡ
´μ棬ҪȵɻҹóӸĸͷʱˡ

ҹҲûֻͬһţ֪æ

ŮһԺﵴǧߵ̫˴С硣

֪ĽȥЪϢͷˣ⼸Խ󣬿ɱˡ

͵ͷӾ˯ϣ֪ĽţҲá
ŮԼڱſҹ飬ȻĪصᡣ
֪Լôˡ

֪Ĵ޵СεģԼȷʵЩܣ˵ԵɣŻŵģرͬ˵˵
֪ĶҲû࣬æųﱸɻյˣҲ

ӣսҹյӨһžžવصᣬ֪ԼҪǿģǾ̲ס
ӣӦöߵģǰûС

һҹﺦЩί
Ůҹ޵ĬӶʪһ롣

ӺȻ˲ˣһֻȵڰϸһ£˲ӡ

齱ߣӿֱƽʲô

ֿվ䣬Ȼûס
ⲻ

۾סˣһŷӦž鳲Сһ˽޻

磡




73.  ɳ   

ʱѾʱ, ȼһС룬ߵɢЩ⴫һһĲ

ڻ谵, ˶ֻģؿŶԷɫ, ްѰڻ, Сһι˰Ӹ⡣

ջǺ, ӸⶥĹ޵ͷ, ʱʱա
Ůˣ˲˵, ָסأҪϵϸҲߡ
Եò, ؿؿڡ

޼, ͰѸһԵСϡ

Щ, ޴һһµظ, û¾ͽס
˳һСۣ˳ĳԼ, ƽֻܲ, 

򴽣˻˲䣬Ƥģı, ҡ
޵ͷ, ĺ󾱣ûʲôҵĸ

һ޺úϧ
ô, ҷ·컹סׯϣȻҪˡ
ؿڲ˲䣬Ů˵ģӶŴţܡ

˳ͷӣʲô

ؿڣƽȵһһţӶЩˡ
Ҳ֪޸ļһͷͰ͵ؿˣһ˫ˮģе㺦ˡ

޵ͷ˵ˣ˵
ͬһᣬ˶˾ͻȻЩյ޵ļ򣬡ңҲǺˣ

޴ģһᣬЦЦҪ˵ͽаһ¡
֪˵ʲôģ򴽵Ұɡ

޳ĬһᣬСͷãһ£ұһ£ĴôһһµĦĴ⣬Ųݹأ˱ҧʪȵ⡣

˻ᣬŮƿһ㣬ˣ˿
ްѸ첲ϣпϣһ£ϱ߸һ㱡ƽΪѹ㡣

ؿڣ˱ӷΣȴࡣ
Ů˻ϢЩ꣺Ǻöˣǻ˹أ㱾ġ
ַŻȰ˻ᣬ޲ߣֻˡ

ͷû˵˻һ
̧ͷֻĺỬ˻ŮſţĪ졣

ƽһᣬͷŰְ̧գС벻ˣҸŵġ

˵죬ղϸϸС벻ġ

Цһ£˵ˡ

ܲӣϹסĲӣ˼ϡ
Ůؾ۵ģ⼸նûúÿңǲҲˡ

һϣգûʲôⲻͰͰ͵ˡ
򴽣Цͬ˵ֶͷֵͣúÿҡ

Ͱؿһᣬ谵ֻܿŮģݣָ̧˸ͨͨ۽ǡ

ûĲ˲գյϡ
ŮЩӣ磬ǿİɡ

޲˵ӿһָֻ˸ϣ°ڣű֣˳ϸ۵ļ󡣡

ͷϣ޲˲Ķûʲô˯ɡ

۾ﶼ룬ӨļϷŪķɫ绹Ҫæ𣿡

޷ˣͷŰǾģǲ˲գģȥԺ˯

ŴЦ죬һֹֻסϣʱʱһ£Ҳ飿
δ޳ɻǰǲܼģ˾ǲҪԹ

ЦЦӸϣƽණ



ڶճʱŻ󿪣ӭ͡

ˣŵƽʣ϶ϲɫ

ʱͽ֪ˡ
Ůûǰֻ۾ˡ

Ժͷû˵ԺȻᣬɺܼٵĽŲ

ʲôʱˣҲŪЩˡ
֪ĵîʱĩ𼱣ء

ŵͷϴ
Ѿźž棬˸ɾ£ױ̨ǰ

أ֪ŷһ䡣

⸮˸ֱ޵ǰλһ˶йġ
˾ЦЦĻֻүǰԺģСʱ;Ҫˡ

Ҳˣ̧ս֪ĸüŮһ˫üëԶɽܽأ룬ֻ֪ϸ΢裬Щɫ

ֽ˾źŻһɫװĹ伸ڵϣײɫĿŮ֫ϸϸġﶼױݣֻüëȾЩ֬ȫһʡ
֪Ĳ֪ôݣֻŮ۾üĿ䶼ŹΣһ

֪Ļعʵ̾Ҳֻйѹסɫ
ɫһ˴Ŷһϸѩףɫĵɫѡ

ָ֪һױʯͷ棬˸Ůķ١

վھǰ棬ߵŮ˼㣬ڷѩǸ֣촽Īؽ˲ֱӡ
һԵļѾ߶ǰ˵ˣվһԿţܾͻһ

δʼ¶棬Ժ鵹ǲţŲŸ㣬ŲʱһڣϷӶֵ
ҲԼļ񣬵ûĵطŮ򴽣ԼЩˡ

ԺӵͻȻƿͷæд͵ִҴСԺ
Сˡ
һ㶣ôˡ

ЩһԣؿŶˡ

ľ˾ʮҲѾߴӢŻߵıϣЩִ١

һ˶ǺòǵԼСʱ򳣳ȥСס游ĸȻˣǶֻͭζǮӣʩڰܺãԶĴˡ
Ҫ޸˶ǲ̫ԸģŻ̫պŮ۸ûȥͲһ޶֣׻Ǽˡľ˾˽ҵǸܻˣƽܺãһһŮСŮˣֻС

ԺϷ˾Ͳҹ˰ǰЩȻͬûʲô֣û뵽ĻᵽЩ˼ˡ
Щ׼ϸдġ

ҵЩ˵ԲÿһȦװεŹһе̵˼ң˵ǰ㲻˿Ц˸÷պ㲻ˡ

⻰˵òڣƽͬ˵ֻȷʵ˺
˵Щ죬ҲһЩ˾Թˡ

ҵһᣬֶ̾Ůòȷʵˣ̾˿游ĸǰЩ飬òᣬʱ־˾ˣǾ˾סˡ

ȻʱδҵһˣһСȻǸࡣ
˾˲ģõġ

СҵϳԸ㣬ѩ磬ȱߣŸЩߵؿŰ
ͳЦЦ˵˻Ự

ֵĳϯҵؿ֣һſŵСˣССϻ

ҵʾӷϣͬĸ׵飬˾ǲܵģⶫš

һ㶣ʶƾܣ˾ˣʲôȱ

ҵڰ֣Ҫ˵üԳһ֣һϻĸһļױһݣǾ˾˵⣬ޣûױʲô

ۿˣ֪˵ʲô˾ˣҡ
ͬҸǽӣܾСʱЩ飬˵ͱˡ

˾֪ĸ׶Բס㣬ּױĸģﲻҪ⡣
ҵ˲ˮҪӣаСܣЦʲôλúţ˾˲ġ

գգ۾ȥˣŵͷѶ¡

ӳʱʼӭԼһͷͷ˿ٰų
ϵĴӺʹϱվǰĸĸͷд

ûһᣬŮţȥ

УһЩ׽۵Ĳʡȥˣǵܾ߳Լľżһǣߣ˷裬񣬲֪ؾ͵ʱˡ

ŮһԵüΪ䣬̨ͣϵĸĸȥ
±μӼıͣʱĬؿȺĵŮֱͦɫƯؽ˵
ʶˣʱһֵһμһ𺳸У·ſˣͤͤ

ͬϺĲˮúӣһúɰס壬ڳллĸס
űһԵϣһλѧʿӣͷȫףᣬһСΣʽˡ

һԳٱһɣ

˵⼰ȴ򵥣ಽ裬²ﶼɻ󣬵һӦС½޿ɥ
ȴظĸо㱼俴վڲԶȻƽࡣ

ʱ·˿ܿ͹ȥˣƷӷźãŷȥ˷ҡ
ûŮ˸ϲŵԺӶһģԺﲼõúܾ¡

һ֪ĵģЩм
ͬϼһ˶ҹţպܺãͺ˵˻Ựɢ

ϵӹϵܺãϱҲãһһţְδĴĸо
ʳԵ٣ϵЦȴûжϹ

ҹﰢϴ˾ϣطŻ
֪ģ˵ֻסһҲίСӡ

ʱ룬ϣմ飬ȻҪþֻ֪һյԸ˯˲䡣

õôģ˼ҵӣȥЩ˯š

ſͻȻ֪ڸ˾ͳȥš

С˯ˣһɫԽ۵ĸ˽֪Žˡ

𱻵ȼԭϣæ齣ڰд
鷳ˡ֪Ϊ˻

ЦеģŸСӣ֪ȥˡ
ǰĸûʹ͵СôعŮϾŵƻԽԽ

죬ҡͷҸллģ鷳ˡ

ЦǸСϻӴˣһıӱ˳

ϻգֹȻ˵ĸо

˵ûв˼ɻʮˣӶˣֻСúã˾ϲ㣬ȻǺõģɲܽӣҲҪнƵġ

࣬ͷǣϲɬͲٶ˵˵强ȥ

Ӱⷭ£ϵûɢ룬ǰմһػ
ﻹЩжԭûҪЩģŴ˻֪ߴߴһ

ûһ˯ˣڶ쳽ʱˡ
Լﻹǹ飬ôҲ˯̤ʵߵСߴߴزڴ̨ϣ˸˯ͨ졣

֪Ӹý

պֻǼΪæһ졣

ϼûʱţ֪ĸϿ֮֬ǰθʺĿ֬ڴϣþԼİ
δͿɫ˷·ǸСˣüĿת˹ɱζ

ȫ˻ϸˣЦŸᷢžڳƣһᵽͷó
ᵽͷ޲;
ᵽͷֶ;
ᵽβٰü;
ᵽβ˫;
ᵽβͬ塣

ϸһ£ͷβ󡣡Ϸ˲˵Ϸ٣ϱڡ

òͷһݡϷЦе

֪һ㶵ؿŰعͺۿÿ
Ůںڵĳ˵ķ٣ͷϴŻıڣŴɫĹӨ۵ĲڣĺɫĵѩüΡ
ùͷֱ񾫹֣ûǹӳ

֪Ĳ˲ᣬСӳˡ

æһӣЩЦˣҪͬһȥġһԵϸҲЦˡ

֪ҲúЦֻǿŰһޣŮɣĸдһ¾ӿˡ
ԼãǰܣڳЩ˷ȴһоûС

ǰԺһһĶ֪ԼĪǿϯˡ
֪ĺܿ˺ͷʱˡ

˾ٸ˸ƻϲܶˣҪȵʱɹٴӭס

ʱ÷ɿ죬ֻһᣬǰԺʹ˶˵ǻˡ
ƻﾹȻҲʼ

ǰԺĶܿʹˣͷžı˺С˵ֵһ˲䴫Ժˡ

ҵűƿЦһȺŮɽҿʲô°

Ⱥ˶Ͻõģ֪Щ飬Ҳ˵Щɨ˵ĻѾ˸ͷֻЦΧ˵ýҪġ̫˼ֻżͷмƤĸ˵ӺߣȻǸ

ûһᣬǰͷִһžıһЦ⻴ǵȲѽ

ȻûһᣬСԺžͱƿˣһСװùĹҵģЦүѾˣ߿ҪƲˣ

챳ŵǷZջȥԺϾͲˣĳҲûġ
ſڷZıϣֳȵر

һԵҲЦˣİļ򣬰һᣬһʱȻ

Ŵ򿪣ֵӿߡ
ֻܿͷһСƬطнзZţһһߡ

СЦش֣ǻֲͷԺֿʼűڣըһľ

ZĲӿȣ˳˶ţͷٿһžǸˡ
Z˶ٽŲƺҪ˵ЩʲôΧ̫ˣվʲôҲû˵ڣĬŰѰ͵˽ϡ

⿴ֵ˸࣬⼸ҲȵģϰҪϲֺֺǣ޲ǮǮƸռ˳İ߽֣˼СżϲǮͬϲǣӽͷβ˴ǵĵؽ硣
Ǹʲôͷ֪˲ֻ࣬ƣеֻûЩŵľܿ⻴ļҵɲ⣬Խˡ

ڽϣȫӵĳһᣬЩɢĲ򴽣֪ھǰߡ

ƸŽӳһʮ̨ڽϣڻʼҵĹƣϰּ˴档

н·ϣǰڴǸżϲǴֵİգһߣܿ͵˻ƻﾹȻˡ

ӱϲСŵطŵϣ˽еҪϸ䰡
Χһ˲ôЦƽ˸ҿЦǽϲӣ˵Щ뻰Ҳ׷

ЦЦһۣȻû˵ʲô

ڽΧ·˷ˣҲ֪޼Σô죿Ӱ˵أһ

ͷֵһžǸ
ĺð
죬Ҫӣ


ǻûӦͱ֪ķ˽ӣ˸񣬰Եսˡ

һֻļΧһ޲⣬ɵļ
˼վˣǣס˺һߣŰߡ

ŵĵطΣˤˣߵø
ãֻλһԣˣһ¾ͺۿ

һԳٲҵʱѵд񣡡

ʱ࣬ĺ񱻳˳ߴٳһһأ

ϣֽŶģأ˸ãͬ޷޶԰ݡ

ǣһ񣬰ȥʱܿ޵°ں΢΢սСۡ

ڿʼ޵ˡ

ɣҲȾϲɫ붴




74.  »   ˴ͷ϶ϸ

ڰβ, źͷκġ

·ΧˣĴϲ, ϶ϲ
ڻ, û˸Щ, ǻ̻Ҫߵġ

һԵŮ, ͷһӸˣүƸͷ
ӹɵڴ, һļ£Խĵ񻡣

ڳ˼̹Ҵӵķɵ, ˸ⲻ˺µģ, ˲, Ҳʵʵڵض⡣

Ӹ, תһ, һҲвСӣóˡֻŻ˳, ἰʵò

˴ŴɫĹ䳤, ĵԽӢƽͣϣ̲סҪߴٵʱ˹ƿ˸ͷ

Ů΢΢, ѩ׵ϵһۿȥֻע⵽ˮĴ, ˸̾ôķɫžһԶɽܽصüëǡôɫʶԱȣԳһּµ
, ¶Уԭ˽Ƕסˡ

֪ǶڿԼغ˿ųޣָ˰ƻҲЩ

˺һᣬҵĶӺһ䣬ÿ
ŽǷӦ׷׿òиˡ
ֻЦЦŰ˵

Сź˵ÿСģ֪ʲôÿÿǾ㶼Цлһ

˼̧ۣƻҪˣ֪˵Ŀһֱϡ

ȽƣǷʱҲֻҳͷ˶Žˡ

ͺҴӳʲôģˣһֻ˵鴫
ֳʢµĲ

ӵķɣȴżֱй֮޲ȷʵòŮĸ֡վһʵһˡ

Ҳ󣬽Ӹһߣ϶ƣһݸ˰

ͷϴűڣϸĵ׹һԣصС

ߣֱ۹һϤϢסԷ

еС۱۽һվͺˡ

Ɑƺ꣬ԼЩκģǲĹưˡ

һԵ̣Цеү⣬ӡ
ץһİβϣЩ˰ȹϣĴ۾ŷǾȻһѺ滨Բ֮

ˡ

һͨȻСʱˣץŷ޶ֶɢȥ

ҵŴϣСһЩദʱ䡣޽ɹ٣ҪȥдֻͣԣЩʱ

ҵĴ϶ϲ֣ĿҲǺͮͮһƬϲ졣
ͬһƻҲ֪ˣҲäƼޣ˹ָᾹȻЩš

޲ͷ˻ա
ָϲһ£ûʲôֻ

ϻЩ᲻֪ǲǶͷˣһ㶼ö
Ů˶٣ں˼ˣһ춼̧ͷ֪޴Żʲôģ

գԴЩߵ

˴ŴɫĻͷϴڣһӴɫҪôԵḡҪôкɫĳȱ
ȴᣬĸߴֳȳǸ¼ӡòʣ񵭵ģаǿʼˡ

ῴ·𶼲ʶˣ죬Щӵǣǣ˵֡

ЦЦǣţͷƽ벻ң

ʵͳҲû棬ǰ˵Ǳʵ۵黰
˵˰ڻգ۵Ĵϡˡ

ıǶűʯ˿̴Ժ󣬻εö졣
򴽣ϵĿ֬ûˣŮͰѺ˵ڰġҽÿ𣿡

Ȼ˵ÿģϣһֻϰ˰
˵Щʲô֪ĵֹסˣүǰִ߹ˡ

޾֣ͷһȥǰԺˡ

ɹˣЩֵĸСӴӡ

ԪѾʮˣúã಻ʮ꣬ϴθӣԸû뵽ֻþˡ

ԪյҲǳ𣬽˺ǸˬʵŮˣױݣͬһġ
룬ܺãǸųĬԵˣѾȥǰԺ

ȴŰЦеҲ֪γģǱƯˡ
ĸûбݹصģʲôһ£϶׷׸

򴽣ڳƴˣҲΪζԼ׽

һԵ濤ЦһճߣĬŲ˵

ѭȥǽע⡣

մöôڣֻһɫѣ˿·Щһˡı仯

Ҳûעһ۱ջ
ջĿ⣬ȴͻȻ̧ۣһ۰ջߡ

濤ܸӣ˵ףó׷
˿ºͣʵ߰ˣԺҲǿϰģ˸ˣһֵֺ

ͬɾһ㣬濤ðֻۣŽ˸Ͻ˻Լ񣬰Ѿ޸ˣ濤ɲζ
֮ǰץȥˣ˭뵽ܷػأ

ǲֺðģ˵Ż˳ʵأ˼ıýۺ죬ϼ䣬˭ҵҫģҲҪ̧ӡ
濤ţЦһͬ˵

۽Ƴ濤һۣһЦеؿŰ

ʵ꣬ͬŮɲһȦӵģһܼʱͬգԪ۲ھǣʧȥ̣Ǹ᲻ģֺðҲý崺硣
ͰˣǽŵģԸ˵ƯҲǲѶã˶ӷ

һԵķҲô฾Ůɼһ𣬵ѵõĺг

;ζˣⶼǿڻϡ

ȻߣһƱ۸ֵ͵ģ仰Ҳܽͷֻǹɬͬ˵Ӧʱ򶼰˽˵Щץ˰ѱĻ

Ⱥ˲δǰͷϯ棬ǱӶˡ

һŮһԵĸ߽ŵϣ˶ˣȸ˸졣
ɱͻأˣáƺЩ˼࣬ݴ˸ͨƵҽŮ֪ɷ
Ů˼ҵëŮ˼Цеġ

һ㶣֪˵øӣء
Ӳǲ£ôˡ

룬δֱӴӦЦеģʮֺģϲӣǡ

һһеúܲӦҲῴΣֻ˵䣬Ů뿪ˡ

һֱһԣ䲻״ӦԵ壬ЦҸͷͬء
һ鲻ġ

һŮɣȷʵûףҲûˣɽȥһ⣬زʲô⡣
˵䣬¾ͲаˣǷżһһеЩȡ

ֽŮ޺ϵĸɹˡ
ֱȥǰԺæµˣ֪뵽ʲôֶס˽ŲʵշǸɫȹģļҵŮɣ

ɫȹǸôˣкβԵĵط𣿡

ҡҡͷ˵˼仰üֲ⣬𣿡

ūڹУŮ˫۾δ

ѯʣֲ˵ջˣֲֻҪţǰȥǰԺ£Ҳˡ

ߺ󣬷ģ˱ǵһѬӾͽһ

һȹӴӡ

סԺӣȰ֮ǰԺӴࡣ
װģǽϷϣ̴ľüҾߣױ̨ϰϻӣͷλװһǸߴĶ౦󣬰Щ
ŵ̺߻иԡͰһȦ仹Ǻġ

֪ļҪҪϴڸЩӵģ޳ҵҲӣûʲôˡ

룬˳صĻ˸衣
ٴ󺵣ͷ꣬ˮҲǸϡȱҲİõݸ衣

ȫϴøɸɾںڵĳɣЩĸӣ£ڱˡ

Žȵޣ̫ƣһʱҲ˵ʲô

ǰԺϯϣֻǳǳ˼ƣҲû˸ҹ

ͷ֣ͷҲ֣ȢޣˮϯҲֵմϲ˻һֵֶģЩ˻ˮһʱҲǰ⡣

һŶ̴򣬳ͨ¾ͻһϯ棬ص˱ƣ̾󷽰

һһϰЦЦòȻų
ü򵥣ǲŲ˭òã˭ļе̣˭ô˭ǺõģŻķ͸˵õĻˡ

Գճ£г´󣬳´˸ȣЦеСǸˣ֪еĹϣ̨֪ɷһСô˵ҴӣԭĶϱ

ϰռ߱Ŀһ˵ģ˵ɾȤӶһˣӣҲǸ˲õ컯Ū˰
ϰ˵ĭɣ´ЦеգͺƲһ䣬ӽû

ϰƽҲǸ˵ЩԵģ˵ͷˣһӣҪңҲ
˼ϲƺţȵȥѽ

һƬЦ˾ҲˣԽ˵Խ𾢣Ҳûע⵽´Ȼϯˡ

ǰԺͷһƧһԵ˵ʲô

ЦЦ۾ȴûʲôƽ˵Ǳ߿Կʼˡ

ͷֵǱߡ
˵ſЦһ˵ˣҲϲơ

ǰЩӽɳȥˣ岢Ǻ߻Ԫţʲô⡣⼸ոϰϲ£岻֪Ϊһ˽ҲԸ⡣
ҲˣΪδǣܲܽջججġ

޳һᣬҲû˵ʲôֻ˵ͻɡ

㹰֣ȥˡ

СʱɫǰԺıߵòˡ
ֽ˼䣬ȥ˺Ժ



ڴ˻ᣬȻûôϵĻͷϵıڶʵϵģһţҲüܣӷᣬз˻źࡣ
Ů˻ᣬǰԺԽԽС

֪һֱһԣʱʱһϵ򣬼ƺЩɲסҪЩҹ𣿡

֪˵ò˼ˣ򴽣ôҲҡ

֪ľЦ񲻿ɷϡ

̾˿Ǵ˸СӣǳԲˣȳȥɡ

֪ԥһᣬͷϴģֻ˳ȥˡ

򴽣֪İŹˣ˴ȥ﷭һ¡

ԣСӼжСʱֱԺſڴ밲γѣְӷŻԭԸŽŻ˴ϣһӰԼǵģֻ¶һСԴ

Ժͣһᣬ϶Ƴ˺ߵſڵĽŲ

̱۾ԴһߣĽëϣͣˡ

Լоߵ˴ߣ˿

ϤϢ£Щ΢˶ָؿڵֻҪˡ

һֺֻȻ˰ıӣֵ˵ؿڣЩأаһ۾

ڴߣջ֣˺ЦЦǺƽһΪҵıˡ

ӵűС˵ģ˵Ҳûأ

˵꣬ͻȻż£˻

˼£һƽƽģˡ

ŷ޽·ЩһŮԴ޾Ҳؿ

Щˣŵϵľζ
Ůƿװ֣ȻƿһѣͱסˣŴЦˡ

޹˰βһ˺Ŷͷ벻ҡ

ƤӶҪˣļ˾֣ӡ
ᱡ£׾ٵؾͰƵ˼ϣĥǡ

ʪȵĺɨ˸ת䣬˲һ¡

޾͵Цһ͵͵ģҵı

ذӣ˵ö飬̧ļ
С׵ģֱȴģ߿

ˡ
߸ߴģͷŰ֪뵽ʲôЦһ
˰ӳãȥϴ衣

ԼģЩߣҲŲء

ֻЦЦȥ˸ϴ
ҲҪźûһᣬͻˬسˡ

бӸǵֻ¶۾պ˵ģԴЩߵؿ

޲ͷһû˵˼Сֱ۴ֵ˴£ĸߴ

֪뵽ʲôϹ̣Ų޺ڲ࣬һıӡ
βĿ󣬰һͷϣͿճֱ۳һط

˰ѴߵϨˣŮϳȥˣ޾ͰѴȲˮҡҡͷ˴

ͷͷܻ谵Ҫս˲ܿ˴˵ݡ
ֻһôȵǱҲǹ˵ġ

ްڰ࣬һֱֻԺ󣬰˲ԴܿģĲա

˻ᣬֻ΢΢һգӸ䣬ϺܰԷƽ

ԼſĲӣ˿صر۾һִֻӱ̽ȥظ˸˵Ĵȡ
µƤŲ㲼ϣֽʵܸеŵ鼡⣬ˣ¶

򴽣࣬Ҫм̽ȥͽס˺һЩŰƤű룬գࡣ

˶˵

˲֪ãպ죬޵ִϣСĦһ£ϸ۵Ƥ˸

һ̣ûӦͱ޳ֱѹ£ȵŵסˡ
̫ߴܹȫ£¡

Լ̫ˣ䶼ʼ
һֳֻߣͷ˺һ˲˲ϵ鷢

һˮ⣬￪ʼ˶һᣬ޵ͷһֻว÷̵
촽ĥȣ˿ڣ˾̽ȥ˱⣬ˮĴ⣬һһµģһֻวϸĲ

ʪȵϢӴݵӣ޺˱Ϣرء
һֻ̽Ů£⿪£˳Ż۵ߣ᲻صļ

ڴϣӷȫûһ̲ˮؽУ죬۾ӡ

Ѳһԣ˵ļ

һĽһһģᰤ˰ա

޵ļ߱ˣһֱֳڰߣ΢΢߳Ⱥ

ϸֱסĺ󱳣飬С

˴ͷ϶ϸ


һŪ˵ĶǶһŴӴ׳ȥӰһŮؿڣֱ϶Ūĺۡ
۾죬üۼŻδ˵ɫؽһ硣

˾һġ




75.     Σ˿ľ͡

ڶճʱ, ˡ
ûжҲóȻȥؾ, ״ҲֻЦһЦ, Ҳû¿, үЪϢһᡣ

Ҳ, ԱҲҲٴߴ٣תȥ˰Щ̲ҩ
ִ齼, Ѫˡ

ϵһҹ, ʷͷ˼һ

ղһ, ССڵغ, Ů, ˶ǽߡ
޵Ķͷ, ȵϢ

˵ļСϸһ㱡, ˳ż, ֱ۹󣬽ż÷죬޳СϣϽĺġ



˼, ӱ޳, ͷǱŪķɫˮ죬۾š
ްڴͷЩССӡ, һûһµ˳ŰĳŴţ֪Щʲô
˵ֱϸɫѪܣϱ߻ָ׻ĺۣûѣͷϣ˼޺ߡ

ͻȻ򴽣ϲ䡣
£˻ֱ˵գͷʲô

˵ؿڴ˿Ȼ󲨲¡

ˮĸоͣؿڣֱֱӣͷؿڣ
˵ͷ̧Цһ
ֱ޺ߵСһ£һСϻӡ

أת

ͷһԲε֬񣬲ŮƴСϱ߿ŻƣǸӡ
ϳԸġ

Ů߬޵ļ򣬡ʲô

ƿ֣˵ƽġ

ŴЦպģ˱顣
ͷ£ֵסգյ޵Ķߣ˵˾ʲô

ڶ񾭶һ¡
ƿգͷͻȻصذһĴȡ

򴽣ȥˡ


˯˻ᣬȥԡģһûһµıת˸Դ˯ˡ

ٴʱڴߣͷдʲô

˸Դã޲Լȥϴ

ԼŪĺۣ洩˼ʵЩİ޳ȹֻûﻶϲǷ޶˶

Ͼ»飬õĶǺɫ
ϸ˵ķ٣һܽϸźΣ۽üҴŴ飬йεζǴջͷΡΡ¶ˮ˿ľ͸һ

һԿţüۣܾðЩ̫һˣſž;ȡ

ǵһ죬˵¸Ҫݼ˵ģҪЩƷͬСȲʶعصģҪãʺ棬¸дϡ
κôһլӣͳҲֲڣС

ˣ˸ȣϴת
˴ɫĹ䳤ۣǸ¼ӣʲôԵ˱ͦỹȴ·Ӱ졣

ԱߵĴϣԴ顣

޿һۣͣ˱ʡ
ԴģЩӵسգգӡ

˿һᣬֱЩӣʾԼ

ҿֲڣѾҲ䣬Ů򴽣Сϥˡ

Ůͷһֱۣǽ磬룬̵ؽ๫

޵ͷС죬ס

޾Ħһ°ͣͷĴקڣͷ˱⡣
ϵ鱻ɨҲû⡣

»˭Ҳ벻˭ǰԺ鶼ѹţ˵


Ǳߵһլﴹᡣ

һͷεϷףɸֵؿҲǺݵģҪŮҪϸĸܵʮꡣ
ˣҲ²ʱ֪ôݵġ

Ͽ޵ԽֻһֳҵСƯ˭εŵãֳ׶Լ

Ϸ̾˿ײò˸ϲˮģ̸֣ܰͬõ顣

հ飬ȥзZסˣŮ飬ݵȴˣ;ؿڷᡣ
ǲ֪ǺˣǺôģ˵̾͹ˡ
ҪĸĻ㡣˵Ҳҧгݡ

ϴСͲǸģϷ˵Ҳ֪ĵԣЦһǸģֻΪ˷ңЩϲ̨ĺͿ£ʵװɵһˡ
СסգҪ룬˵Щ˵ĻŮʮڻҸ˵飬ҿûǰ档

ϷƳԸŮһۣɸֵ㲻ȥѵѵֶŮңˣ˵ĸ׸һֱͬϵģƭ㶪Ůչʮ꣬βƣռġ
ϷʱҲǸüûʲô飬ռ޽Ϳʼ·үӲһŮ˼Ҿ¶̸ͬ⣬һݼҵ

ҲǼҲŵģֻվĸƤǲģôŶԼ
ҧһȥˡ
ҪѷŷһˣֻǽϷѹţҪ˺ƤˣϹ;ﷺࡣ



ͬһ磬֪顣ʱţǰͷѾѹסˣ˯˸ʱ޾Ѿȥˡ

˻ͿʼæԸ飬³޵ӣͱǰæµĶˡ
ȾͽܹңôʱҲˣΪǰЩܼҵ飬ȥá

һŹȣͷӼȫ׵ͷԼĪʮˣɫĳۣƤϸ룬˰͹֣Щڳ

˵ˡ
Ȼź̫ӵģǸ޸֮ˣֻôЩȥˣ֪γƺֻ֪ǰ裬˵

ûȰڣŲ͵ūС

̬ºͣʲô

͹֣΢΢ͷ̬źǹֱӰ
̬ӣ˵һᣬ˼ˡ

ܼģ

ҡҡͷʹˣ˼ҵӼһ𣬿ЩǸģū˴ǰϥºôСôׯϻججģ񲻵ˡ

˵վдǸΡΡģľսһԵ˾ٺɫ˶ָ̾ȥ˼ҷˡ
֪С˵޹ǹؾǹأ򵥵ͽСؾǣԵūſҲѧԺôθŲӵ飬˵ȫ֪ӦҲܣȻƾǷ޶ˣѹסʮС¡

⣬ˣδ˵ֻ˵ǰذ£ĻҪȥүС

ҲһһС˷ţͬ˼ҳΡΡؾˡ

ԼϾ̫ߵľˡŮ룬ǲ˸ūȥǰԺʡ

Ǳ߻ػܿ죬˵á

򴽣ˣ»ȷһߡ
޲վҪȥݣȻҪһȥġ̵ֻʱ䲻ҪǰѸϵһжá

Щ֮ģҲЩ˾Īͱ˹ϵԼãǽޣЩôˡ

˵һԪ۳谮ĹҲ
ڶգԪվ̧˸ķСΣƷſˡ

֪֦ºЦĸԪۣԪ谮ĹҪ˵һЩ˵ԪۿŴȥǺƣֹϣԼϵҲ˵׾ס
ԪôиͷھѾ¼ˡ

ҲûܾͽţŻ

Ȼûʲôˣ̫βãҪҽŮˣӻǸЩѪͨǳ
ԪյҲ⣬˼ػֱ˵´Ҫϯлæ

˵ŻЦһЦһСϻӣơ

ʵˣϻϿһͷҩӡ
һò˵Ǹˡ

һеĵӣ˿޸˻ĿǰҲûвȻù̵λкռȻ
ҪǰļһĶǾǰļˡҲ˵лģ罻

Ҳò̾ʹͷܹģģŮ˾

ֻ֦ǽӻǲأ
룬Ʒ˿ⷿǲûػӦ

ӻأżǴ

ҹͬ˵䣬˲£װͽ˵ˡ
˳˳°ڣֱȹ̽͵͵ģ𣿡

˵죬תȥ

ڶգȻˡ

ʱдϣ޲ӡǸ̫ӵϳͬ÷ͽΪ˷򸾡
볯֮϶ıǶںլеϵͷġ
ھҪݷһֻǰ֮ǰΣò׼ǸʲôݣദҲŤ˲δš

ȻǻˣҲмֺһֻ˵ܰò¾УﰵϹŶϻǶЦݷðˡ

ǸĸˣһһŮҲʮ󼸡
Ҳûʲô֮ֻЩԼ

޿صĲ£Ȼ֪һЩģϵ̬Ҳơ
ɡѼ￴Цȷʵá

ЦеģӶǺӣ
գŮ˿ʼĴŰǰհ飬Ҳ˱ϲƵģֻϯȨڶ࣬вۣҲֻԶԶ˰һۣ;Ǹˡ
ϸϸһò

˾ٰЩȥЦЦϲġ

Ǹ˵ģԸŵڣ⸽ͣͬ໰˵

̸˲Ժȥݵ顣
ѹɵøţҲ˵үȥãȽŻӲ

˵Щ˼ϼС죬ﰵ̾ĲòҲүȢռҵŮ
ɱߣֲʲô˵õġЦеģѹѹҲ֪Щģ絮ãҲܽүĲ°ġ

Ĳͷ඼ǰĹĴ󳼣ɲ޵ѪˣȻĳףһЩѹصɵĴǰֶû˵ģǲƷƥҲûͣء

ýͬˣﶼ£Ҳ˵㡣ֻЦЦӻ

ϼ˵ҲǿֻҡҡȵȷʵҪץЩҲǸʡ͵ĵƣ׻˵úã͵ǡ

һ㶣˿ڲˮһ˫۾ϣ˭

ϼһɻ٣һ֪

³żһϾģգգ۾Ҳ˵ˣͶϣϿЩ

մŮ񻣬ȻҪʮˡ
ʱŮʮǣʮ߾£ϵʮģҪٲޣǾǶʮˣҪ˼ڱ˵Ϲˡ

ûб¶ʲôֻʵչǺˡ

ϼһ²ƤӾͿʼڸģȻҲùܲסƤӡ

ΪѣЦЦû£ҹȥүҲһġ

ϱ׼˵ģȥүæ˵մүһֱү߸̵

ӾմĶŮմȫպˣﶼǸ鷨ѵĴңһֻǧ
˶ΪѾս˭Ҳ֪Ǹ̫ǰȥģΨһѪҲЩϳչˡ

ˣ˿ڲˮϸ˼

ʵڿ׽鲻⣬С˵˸òǷ˵ҲһҲﵽЩˡ
ͬ˻ҳ˸ͷ͸ˡ

ˣС˵ЩʲôڰȣȻǣǼ⴦˶ӣҲ˵ʲô

ʱȻˡ

Ǹ׳Сӣ˼˵͸»

ĥˣ⼸һһģǱģ˵ޡ
ЩǻῴʽԪûͷˣƴǰվˡҲһھôЩ꣬ǰ˵ǿĶˣҲǼҪƣͷһ̽ʵ

ְһƣ֪˹ģŶǼֵǵıʵЩǺ׵ֻպ󻻳ɽʮַ㡣

ҪԸֱ棬СǲԸҲ˻ȥ
ͷǸ˾žƭģϻ۲ϹⲻŰͰ͵Щ
ҲǸ˾أǸԸδˡ

ѵõһͼƤҲ

úЦһᣬֻ˵Сԣǲҵѧѧˡ
Ǹͷˣҵѧ˵ѧʵ޵Ĳµĺ߶飬պҲɽͷǰ¶

־úã¾ͽȥˡ

ҹױ̨ǰࡣ
߲ԼӲһЩӵ飬ǲԸֵģҪ׿˵ǡ

˶һУڻﱦغ壬˭Ҳ֪иء
˵÷Ҳء

ԽԽֻǵ޻˲˵һ壬ҲҪĸһ㣬ⷿӶˣ

ǰ֧࣬°ڴϿ˻Ựͷڱˡ
ɫԽԽ˺ü⣬Ͱ͵ſڣʪġ

ˣô


谵ĽֵϣԶԶߵƶˡ

ϣԸż£һȺΧˡ

ƿʼЩ궯ֳֻһɫƽ̬ѾЩˡ
ƲͲҶ󼸸¶ǰ£һЩ

нǰѵӰ¹ĳģûʲô飬мӣҪ뻴ȥһˡ




76.     ۽üҴŷ

ʱʱ, ¸գȺ崺һƬطΧġ

ϣ̧˸, ܿ, үǲҪΪˡ
˵һòЩͷ, үЩ㡣

Եû˵, ˦һޣøߴ, ʹΧҲˡ
ûʲôһҲС
ֻǱھ, ֪Ǻͷ뱾ȥһ˳츮

б鲻䣬һԵҪǰж˻彣ֹ, º͵ض, С˳츮Լġ

һԵü, δ̫ſ, ҲʥּԽ˴ҹϮ

޳˳, ʾҪ嶯
˲֪뵽ʲô, ȻӦˡ

̧̧ۣһ˫۾ͬжϣƽӰ참, ϵġ

, ֪ΪΣһü


ȵʱۼͷҹɫڵŨĲѹе

ԺͷŲʱ, һ˼Ѿͳˡ
Ҳãŵͬվ¡

ԺҹﶼģԺű򿪣ͬһС˶ҹɫͷ󺹵ؽˡ

״һ

ֻǰ֣׵
ݰ֣Ҫôû

үϲ鰸ͬ˳츮ȥһˣ»֪صģүձ顣
崹ף޵˼

ü컹úóţôͻزˡ
ʲôϰ참Ҫҹ˶·ϣŮ򴽣үΣ
˵ǲģĶǣˣôܲġ

״룬͸˸ףүǲȥǲȥģ˭Ҳǿȥȫİգүأصġ
Ըȥ˳츮治Ϊд˶һ˭Կء
ֻŰⰸϳⲻ֪˵񶼻үֻ黹δ䶨Щ˵ڣʱүļϵˣãҲֻ㰵ʾ

һЩü仹ǶĨɫ
ֵû˵ʲôĴ˶ȥˣʮޣ֪˵û£ǾͿ϶û¡

״Ҳ־Ҫǡ
֪˵Ķ˵ˣһ̣Լֽͬҡ

ְȼͼָӲ֪ʲô

ѵһߣֽмѾȥЪϢҳͬصģﶨгġ
ݣʲôٶ˫۾ţӣⲻպͬһվ̨

֪֪Щܡ
״⧲ϲԣʵһⲻþλãбһ˹ġ

׼Σգǰء
СʱԪ۵׷ɱʱһ꣬Ҳ¹ġ

ϣһԵĸ߽ϡ
ƴ£һ˫۾ؿҲ˳⡣

߬壬бϣЩ겻ᣬ˿⣬Ķɵ˳츮ȥˡ
۾ƣϾʹЦöүġ

ǿԲǰҹڴϹ壬壬عô֪

Цеģү̫ͬʫֻ裬尮Լĥϲ͸Ը̵ġ
޴СͰԵԸǲģϲŮɣòˣ˲ֻһ

֪£۾ͬһ뿪ʼˡ

ʱＸϨˣȥЪϢЩ˯ɣ𰾻ӣү˵Ͼͻˡ

һᣬͷ֣һ˫۾ʪģ֣ͬҽүСʱɡ

ԥһᣬСóһаţһԵĸ߽ŵʡ

ֻȼһ򣬰ӽԳһĹֿһᣬﲻɸеҡ
룬壬֪Ϊλģ𡣡

һ˫Сһ۾ǸŲǧЩɵ磬Ǻű𣿡

ֵͷ̫ʱҲһӣĸûþȥˣʱЩ٣ûЩ߰顣
˵Ǹ಻ɳӵˣľѳۣҲΪ⺢ӣóԺúȵعţպ̵֪

˵˵̾˿ӵҲǸĺӡûͷԣࡣ
̫ڻȥϴֵܶһЩϳʧɢˣӵͳҲû꣬žֻʣͬֵˡ

ƽĶۣòĻҪ̫һЩ̴ºͣͬ˭ĺáϣƫִҪʲôҪõֵģѰ˳СЩ࣬ЩνĴˡ

ʱպ˽ӣϲһЩʹȣ֮ģŮ
ⶼͷǰˡ

ʱϸһȺϳڰѰӵ䣬µͷͳ˸ͽͬԪ۵˱ţСӵʳͶ˶պ÷ޣţӹһ١

ҲЩɫʱͬСӣҵʱˣˡ

˵Ͳ˵ˣİ֣˪϶˼ңүһˣӣ񻹺˸˵֪Ļˣиҡ

򴽣ٶٵʹĲβ𣿡

˵ңǼļѣܱˣҲүģүţҲֻһڣűס
ֻӵҩˣպ˺Ҳϲˣֻרȥ̵ޡζҲֻԼ֪ˡ

岻˵ʱӣǵûţҲǸĹӡ

ּ·ЩģЦЦү䣬ﶼǹأպҲġ
Ҿʣֵܶˣδ·ҲҪߵȵġ

ͷﻹЩܣôЩ꣬Ͷ϶ֹһΣв޶ȫȫβվǰ

ҹɫأԺﾲĵģζЩЪϢ⸮ȱүҲȱġ

һڴϣڿöԲ塣
ͷ˻ƣϸƯܱ߶ĥù⻬á

ͻȻҲûȼ򣬴﷭һСϻӡ
ͷ߰˿ͼСΣǺ񲼰ţһ鶼Ǽֵǡ

ͻȻޡ
ⶼ͸ġ

ڶճʱСȸԺУСĵϣˡ
ûô˯ţһֱǹţҲ˯⡣һ۾Ϳ˿ԣտյģӶģҲġ

Ѵʴźϴױ̨ǰĥ·ʽԺķʽŮʱǲһġ
˸δĶ٣ĵɫܺá

޻δǰû̫ʱȥΪҲҪ

ǻŵӣŮ޳ȥˣҪзұҵġұԽ񣬾˵ԽӣҾԽǷġ
޲ڣԸ׼ƷӣһһعƥҪһЩҩҲС

ддžڣ϶Ҫȥ

˶ĺܿ죬˵һġ

ſţƷӾͽӴʪˡ

ǺܿͲȥˣŮӣдƷӣԼҲҪǿ



гҹɫԺӣͼ²òŮüĿ

ͣǰЩƣغ˿
˰˰彣תȥԺӡ

Ѿָ࣬ǰӲܶɫ
Сһźҩޱؽˣ־һ

һȵӣЦ֪ǸТӣʱҪТ˳ס

û˸ڴߣСһߣЩֵؿ⸸Ӷˡ˼ûƽģѪܸˡ

д˴۾´һЩƿ񣬡ʱ֪ʲôӣֲ̫񡣡
ͬװɵǾҲҪ䣬Ź롣

۾ŵӣӲˡ

аղൽһߣǺ뿴ֻðǵ㶫¶һ㣬㲻ʲô³ġ

һᣬͻȻЦЦ˵С÷Ѿ޸ˣصظòŮҲɹٵġ

Щζȹ˺Լɡ

뿪ˣ̾˿ЦſһԵСϣٺҲԭˣ˵ʲô

Ҫͬӡ˱۾ɱˡ


Ϲ˳ʱ˳츮ǰҲԶԶذ˼̯ӡ

˵ֽȥûһиɫٷͷӭˡ
峯֣Цͷ˼ˡ

ͷգ˳ɣͬʦͬ
Ҳ֣˵ҡͷͷڲء
ҲﻴҲϺŵ᷿˵ˣһعš
˵Ҳ֪ȥ׮ӣҿЩƼٵ

Цеһߣüȩ̈˵ЩƨҲ֪ںŪ˭͵򶽾Ҳ֪ôˣҼүԴ˾ǣ֪ǾʵۣҲ˭ѽ

ʲôʵۣ˵ģⷽ忴һ˵ô
ѹҲͬƹ˾ˣ򶽾ҲأǽڻȨգ򶽾ʧˣܲʲô¶һռˡ

˵۾˵˵İӰǣ˭մ˶ҪѲƤġ
˵ɣ˵˵þǻĺûԵһǴлǣԲע⣬ѹĴ
ͷһѹѹ˭ܵˣеͷǲġ
ѹָָԺͷʾ˲̫Բֻȡһ

ϻǴЦͺ¿ɽ޴Ժͷ

˵䣬ҲЩϻ䲻롰ڣΪ˸Ůֳ

岻𻰣˵ط͹֣Ըһȥˡ

еײԪۣܰʱǼˡ
ʱͬ¸塣

˴źɫĹ䳤ۣɫƽݡ

ԼĪ㣬һ԰غţӮ˰ӣ¸ЦŹ֣ǻӣʱҲʱҲ

ҡҡͷƽǸˡ

¸ڰ֣Ҳ˵ˣЦүʱʱˣȥͿɡ



¸ߺްѸһԵ彣ֳһ½ϵӣƽƽģźˣ
ѹҲһվͿɣ֪춼ˡ

һԶ֪ʲô

˶٣̽ҪҪ͸ţ

Ժﰲһᣬ޴ЦЦ̾˿

˲֪ԼֵԣȻзһ۾Ϳˡ

鲻̫ãǱŵݹ˵Ҫģſ˺ü飬ﻹǳġ

ǰҲ֪Ҫ󷽣һ겻ģЩ˿ҲҪ㷡
ˣֻһ㿴˱˼µʻҲʲô쳣

ʱǰԺӣ˵һյС

˰ȣ֪ԼĪմŮˣﻹǷ꣬ͷ˽˾ܾˡ

˲һֻˣ˵ҪҪ֪

ͣзȥкҪ£ҲͰˣλŹôζ

ȥһ棬ͻˡ
ЩεС˵ֵֹģ˵Ҫͬ˵

˰ӣ΢΢һüˣҪš

ҲײǹϣƽȤԸһģͷ˼

أǰԺˣüԭΪǸӣ˭֪Сһ֣˵ǵԬˡ

ȣ˿

԰ͷͤϣͬԬȲԸ㡣
Ụֻ̊Ķ¡

Ԭ˼ڸ㣬Цеڰģû뵽û뵽㾹Ȼҿһ
Ԭͷļ񵽽аȳˡ

Ҳ򵥣ֻϷȻĺΣųЩķʽ۽üҼйûеķ飬ԬֱЦ˵ض󡣡

˵ȫ飬æιڸ㣬ɱȤˡ

ԬЦ۾ȼ㣬;㶨ǸɽӣֳҲ񣬲˵๫

죬ʱȷʵơ
ʵܲסԬҪȤԼһµģֻƿ⣬˵ЩģôͻȻ뾩ˣ

ͬǸԬģֻԬ˵ˡ

˭ļļͬɻһˣǸϲġ
ҲأҸֳͻȻʹ˾ܱߡԬԸҪϵģ˵Ҫ㣬ǾȻҲͬˣһҵӡ

ҪһЩ֪Ϊȥ׼ҰԬһ仹ŰѴ󵶣ŵҲ
̲סЦɷģ˭˶ҪߣȷʵҪİΣ

ԬԱˣȥ侩ǣ⻹һء

ȻӦˣҲתһעԬȥ˾ļӣ˻ھ¥ţ䵽ʱŻ

ԺӶ࣬ԬһԺͷֲЩȥտ

һѵüҹɫ޻ûϴˣڴ˺üƪ֡
޵ַˣ£ôòζ


Բ֪˭ĿпʼģѣѾֵǷˡ

˵Ǽѵ˵ǽлȥɱġ

˼Ҫı˵רŽĺû
˭֪˵ЩڣԸۣͬͬı˵˲ϣģһ߿˳ⶼɱˡ

˵б۵ģҲں٣ͼ죬һһܿ˾֪ˡ

˲бʵ񼫡ԽԽаţһйߵζ
ɻ죬˸ת䡣

ЩõĻԶ밢޹أѻŵƷã¡Щѣ٣ͿЩ֬
ȴֳԼֲԼ

ڴߣţԸһ˻ȥ㲻ʧ
ǸɴͲȥ˿˻᲻ûأ

ۿʱˣҲ˽ӡ
˿˷ͷϵĲҡ׼ˡ




77.  ״   ˸滴״һ״浽

, ԤʱԬſϴãѣǳͬһ֡
, û˵ŻδŮӵ, Ԭֻź˸ϡ

ԬǺܺһ⡣
ǳ, л뽫, ôȴǻһķң˵Ҳշ, ûôͷ

ҲֻԼԵǳһ, Ԭüͷֱ壬ͬҶϾϵ, Ͳֳˡ

ӳ, Ԭǻ, һ, 鶼ࡣ

Ʒװ, ᲻Ǹ, Ǹ˿ġȻڣǸҲء

ȥ˳츮֪˫۾Ÿϣǲ¶ӵġ

ͣڶ, ʱ, ͷǶŽĶﻹЩܡ
ͻˣһ˻ȥ

˶ٲŻع, СЩ

ͷ£ŷȥˡ
ûվȣһֻȵ־ס˰СۣҲ֪Ȥȥ˺ߵ

վ㶵ؿųϵˡ
޴źɫĳۣ彣˵̺ϣʺɫģĵԽ˱ͦ
˿ŰǺƽ

Ǵסһ㣬޾Ͳ᲻صسһ£˳ߣһžûɻˣﶼ

޵ͷһᣬؿԼͷָ⣬ʶˣ

򴽣ذϣŮ۾˵ˡ

ģ޸˸

˰Ѱϣգͷڳϣ˲ϸɫѪܣ֧ĺᡣ

ҲЩˣ˲գס˰Դ
Ůظ˸ļհĲӣģ㡣

պŮӸûţǼңݹأܹͬŮһңǸһҵ档

һֳ֪ķ粨Ȼû޻
޵ĴȻվߵģֻƱ仯ߵԣ;òáҲǽͷһ˷ûзգҪȥƲϵﵽżġ

һͼһӣլԺɨһ飬ǷϲǮ϶ϲġ
ϯ棬апȷԡ

޵ĺôˣܲܿӡ

ʻţСʸϵĽ͵ţ˭֪һƣľȻǸߴʵˣһ죬ȵزԱߡ

С㶣ذʸ鵽һߣܽȥϲˣүˣ

޷ˣúЦ޵ӣ˼Ҷ֪ˡ

һϸý֪

ŴЦʱ泩Ķá

һԺȥϲɫվתơ
ԽԽǸˣƽһӾûվϸƣ

ԶԶһЯɫǹϲ̲סðǻˣ

޼򵥽˼䣬Ͼ̲סһĸͣϿȥˣ˸Ͻ

ϷһӶˣֵģ˵ɽһʳ޲ģСҪԸȣǸСҪԸʨͷϾǹӰûĸо

˷ͬȥ鷿Ϻ沶һ˵

ͬϴСʱϳʱۿɼãŰҲɫģȥͷǸֻˣȻѾҼҵŮͲػͷ

ȻûвԸģֻǲ֪ΪΣҪױսľģһ¾ͱģȻŹԾԾԵĸоŽ˺Ц

˽Ųδôл䣬ͻ˻

ֹ˿ޣûоݣҲͷĵˡ

ֻʣˣǣ޵ֲˡ
Ůڽ̤ϣԴϥϣ۾˵

޶һӣͲĴȣ˰ؿ

ڴߣֱֱڴͷ߳һ˺Цһ㲻ϴͬЩġ

һؿڣ⵵ˡ

һ־˳ļ¸
ŤŤСѾˣߵģû顣

޾Ц֣ͣҪʲô

ԸҲ֪ͬţŮϲ˲䣬һ˫ϸֱס˵ļ
޻⣬ϡ

Ů룬̾˿ЩӵͱҰɡ
˵˵ſһۣ㲻ҪһЩġ

˵ãڴͷһһµظļ
úǻص˺СʱŸƵ§

öԲȹŮ̲ס򴽣һı
شСɬۣҲҵıҿ汦㡣
һղڣǣҵû겻ᣬ˻ˣͺﵹۣסˣҲҪһޡ

ССշؿڣ˵Ҳǰ˵Ķ̻ˡ
޵ͷ˵ա
ЦЦ˵ˣһӵĵطҹҲҡ

С죬ûüأͻȻԼҪ㡣
Ůһ´ؿһ˫ֱֱؿˮģ˭

޽ʵһ㶣źüһӣ첲ڴϣ֪Щʲô

˵˵̧һ˵ļһЩյϣʲôأ

ͷһЩ˳ʵӡ

üëһ޵ͷ˰üģ˭

򴽣غһѶؿڣνͰɡ
˵ƽͣһһµŶ䣬ҲһЩ˵

ԴЦһ

˳һᣬƽŵδޣ֪ˡ

˵ĻҲ̫ÿˣʲô·Ȼֵͬܶ˶ϵ

޵ͷһᣬЩЦգȷʵùңϾһҲûͬ˵

һ˫ӿһᣬջؿڣͻȻһͷԽģڰģԺҲҪͬ˵

˵ãر˰һᡣ
Ůļ˵ԼЩˣ밢һɡ

ģֱۣĴ˷Ҫڻ˯

˸ߴ󣬰Ѱѹ£ؿڣѹʵǺܳ
˻ᣬЩˣҹ޷ʱƵġ

޸еһЩؿƵЦ

Щŭذһ޾Сһ³

и籧㡣˺̾˿ͷϣ˰£ڻһֻ£ҵı

ƾܵ־ͣ˵ؿڣЩˣ޾ͰǣֱЩ˵飬ﶼҪһòˡ


ԪߣݵһСɽԳŸһߵĺġ

߱۾һԸϵӡ
Գ㻰أװư͡

һԵüЩؿԳһۣ

ԳƤӶģֱֱؿߵö

룬ƶ

Գһǹָָһߣͣ㲻ȥЪţ

վ˻ᣬҡҡͷҿ㡣

ʲôʲԳ󷳵òУѹһԣֱֱصһߣָסԼ۾

һԣһᣬòо̽̽ĺ

Գʵ̲ˣίǻֵܣ

һۣģҲ㡣

ԳüԪһԿţ˴ˣһš

۽ǿһԳ󣬡ϾҪؾˡ

Գ󲻴͵ܳɻˣҪȥ

Գ˾໰ȢòǷҴӰɣ
ᵹƢˣô˵

פС죬ԪȺ˶һ顣
иһͷ˵ģԪ룬˺úðˡ

Ⱥ˶һӣԪһʻͶװͷʲôҲ˵һƶԪҰôӡ

ԪûʲôҲˣ뵽˾˵ˣɱ˵ȫҵҲǸˣ˸Щϵġԭûҳð⴦ˡ
Ԫ룬ʸд˷ţǱߵָʾ

ϢһᣬҪȥˡ
ݵشԪϱߣǽݣݣžݣҪݱ߽Ƶܱȥ

ǻ͵ϮԪһŽķѹŴҲ֪ûת

ʱմԪˮ棬Ǳδ֪ԽԽףԪе󲻵á
ԪͷȨһ£һˣͷԪĶɲʲôϵҪȥ

Ԫ˿ɿ˰ߣȥԳҪؾÿͬ顣

ԳҧгݵҲȥˡ
Ŷûˣֿȭģȥִ𣿡



ջԺ󣬾ǵķֱˡ

ȶ˵˵ǻɱģ˵үһоԹɲͶˡ
ھǵķʵܺã°󰸣ЩүͷԽԽף֪Ҫʲôߣڶи˱ƵŴնˡ

ϾϢͨģԭ˵˽ºöģˣԸһ·ˣһӱׯծ˿ˡҲȥ֪̽٣֪ôԺòͷȥţﻹҪ˵˱һ֮±Ƿƽ˾عȥˡ

鷿ᰤˡ

ЦеģΰǱߵ֮һϣڸͷһ붼ǵˡ

Ԫ۲ڣڸϳΪЩ˼ʮľˣλӾɵúܡûܰޣͷȻҸ˴һѹѹȥɲǵһˡ

޵ûжˣӰһֿһ飬ĿͣһϣԶպ˵ĺˣ

룬ʱЩˣһĺ󱲣ġ
̫ӣиԸ֮Ҳͼȣ˳³ˡܿܣǰ˿ɾҲûʲôֵָժĵط

һҼǵպиŮġ

ȷʵҲǼˡ˶٣͸˼ֻý˵ȥǵ飬ӾͲԸͬһˡ
ʱպ˸ȥҲӣûһҲûҵŵȥСֵֿģҲǿһСŮ͸¶ȥЩ˾ǣѸתһطҵޡ

˼һᣬԶеġ
ϵ˶Ҫְģ֪Զһˡ



ϱߵһСԺһŰɰɫƳȹ̫̫ԺͷϴһҰҶӡ
⼸ˮҰﶼǣռҵϱʹŲȥ˽⣬ȥ˶࣬ժһӲˡ

ЩӳԲ˵ռҽ˸ڵģ̫̫ѲҶϴɾˣˤˤﻹֵġ
԰׷ģ²ҲͰˣժҲֻժ

ͷԶϱϲ˲ᣬ𴰱ߵֹʼˡݣԶҲǸƷ٣ʵªǽϴ˵ļ̴ľױֻǸëӡ

̫̫ԶԶƳһۣһЩ԰׷ģһΪжأҲ֪ǲʲô顣
ؿҶ񱻰˹٣Ҳ֪ͷ

᷿ͷҧҧ̧־ƵһСӡ᷿ǱݸˣƵһСҲǺüʮӣװ

ͷžһ̫̫һ¾ˣҪȥ

Ժᱻƿһģ˽ˣ״ЦһΪСʲô
ȫҲȷʵǸˣῪ᷿ǣǴԹƳԶһۣԶ̾ǰȥҪƵ˵û

ʵܲˣһӣԶͬͬӹģԼңôδҡ
ϿžͳȥˣҪͬ룡

Զ᲻·ˣҴҾ׷˳ȥ
һԵ̫̫Ժǽ壬ֿʼָ֣ɣ

òˣһǽ˶࿴һۣϻһ滨ģȴҧгݰһһ顣

ԶҲ˹٣ģռǴȥˡ
һתȦ˼֪Ʈȥˡ



ݣԪз̱мˣʺԸоĳӶġ

Ԫޱͬݺצӵϻ粻ȥ

ݵؽСЩȨҲûãˣŶžǵĶи紵ݶģ޲һͻȥ
ǰջ飬ȢûǷҴӣȺİҪˣԽضžǣӾû

ȻǰŻ˴ˣΪǴϷˣ˭֪ûһ죬ִӳ˸ƿЩץӷεģ޲÷ֻ䵽ǣϰ˾ǵķǳ״סˡ

ԪÿľأЩȨŮģ˻ͬӣ͵Żᣬûͷһպ֦ͷһҲܵˣ

˼⾩ƺ࣬Ժһٵʱȥ˾ǡ
е͵ԼŮе͵ǾĽһһǧģ˿Ҫ߲ġ
ͷһǳȥģǳŻȥģҪ֦ͷϷһɡ

ʺţŵ˯žԸͷŰѴ󵶣֪ʲôʱͻҵѪģ
ԪѾǰˣʺȥֻӣгıԹıԹ
еӣûмǰ˺ôġ

ʺйһʳѰǸõģЩֺˣòɫȮҲıġ

ʺŲԴУһҧ



⼸նڹߵó٣Ҫʮĩ˵ﶼҪЩʱ⼸ա

ԬڸһҲסÿվͬһ˱
ϴ͵ֻСèר˸Ժţ͹ˮԬȥġ

žÿɰǲôҶŪһЩСèרųԵСιڣèˣ¾аĶҪˡ

ԺͷȦ˭֪һṦ򣬵ֳ¶ˡ
ձСèԺתƣͳû߰Ĺ򣬾ͽ˵Ϣ

ڶգ͵˰У˵üеԵСƷϡСè뻴һ͡
һ⻹ãźüʮȥСèģЩˡ

ò׼ȥ֣ŮЩţǸϷ̽ӡ
ȻΪͷһձСèڶͶãҲ㲻׼ġ

ֿЦЦǸųȥϢĸϣǹܵøͰһ㣬Ҳ˲׽Ӱ
ԸЩ޹ؽҪϢȥǲȥ
ԽǴңլԺͷѧʾԽ

˾˿Ÿϣ˵˴󸾣ǵԸãиϳ©

˭֪Ÿոշģ¾ִˣһ̯ӡ

˸滴״һ״浽ˡ




78.     ִŵ㴿ȻɬС

˵Զ, ĸϺǰͷһƷеʱӽӴġ
ɷͬСӶͬսϣŴ, һ̵ӡ

ǰ컴è鲻֪˭, ֻ˵иԬ˼, Ͷֻ˹è, Žл߷磬һ˶˻, ǻǰĺˡ

һ¿˵ŷ˼Ҷ˹è

, Ůɻ˳ʫᣬʫʫҲģ, ֻʫû, СӵΪⲨ˹èˡ

һλǻɵСŮ, , ĵֳҲڻְȷʵҪֺû˼, ˴Ǯ, ֪ŪһֻĻ̡

ϯиͬоԹСӣǹɵŮ
ͬСǲԸġͬڳеĹϵҲΪ΢һǻӵ, һӵ, Ħ
֮ͬ飬жԹӱͺ浽һȥЩ˵, ͬˣˮݣԷһ

ӼϻҸʵĻᣬ͵ǰȥϻ»Сóֱ۳ëɫһѩףżΪˡ
ѵõİϻͣͰˣȺŮǰú԰԰ڡ

ϻ˵СצѾˣƽﶼǳģϻѪﷺԡᱻԭſڽȺСΧһһ仰ߴߴģͺ

ȷʵСΧӣġ

Ȼ⣬ԴҪȥ

ӿ˾͹ܲסԼ죬ûס䣬Щˣͬһ㣬ὲ壬Ǳζȥġ

⻰Ŵ̶һ¾ðˡ
ʱ˭Ҳҳ·Ǽһ͵ڻǰЩ棬ڰ˵

̲סҲ䡣

ʫˣһɫĳȹȰ˼䡣
ٰʫΪԼŮͷһһ˷ͷˡ

ȰãһȰʹˣСӴˡ

߸ŵѾҲСӰѽһ£ҳһѣ˾ͰѻҵĻ԰䳡ϰϡԵ綼˳˸ͺࡣ

Ůⳡ棬ԺһƬ׷ױܵһȥ
Ůƽ֪ߵĲӶǽ˹涨õģ粻ǻ˻ǾԲģһܣҪиøͷ

˰һŵСӳʱСң

ԺҳһţŴ˵
ȺСεز֪Ǻãһ˾һ˶ſȥ׷׵ɴ۾

ϻӲ֪˭ײˡһһɫȹŮϣץ˸֡Ůص˵ϡ

ŮǴĵŮϺΨһŮӡ
ϵѪأСԭ٣һԵѾҲֱۣŵֽڵء

Ѫǳִˡ
ûļҵĹŮʫᣬ˵ġ
ϻצӷץŮӵϣǵסĵطʮа˾ŵࡣ

ͷŮӵնôǲض˵ġ

ϯһƬ㵣æ˸ϵĴơ
ʫ˻̾ǲȥ˳츮ϻذͣﶼ߬ˡ

ӱ᷿ȥˣŮڴӣǻȥҪ
ŮǶ˵ˣ˳츮

СĸݹصģοɲһˣƤ
ʱղȷʵòµӸν֣ǵ˶ʱſУ˭Ҳ֪ƽΪΣΪǲһŸĸģʹŸ߰˶Ļȱ

ò;϶Ҫ𣬸οŮӡ

˭ҲҵΡ

ѾɵˣȻϻ̾ͽһԵסˣⴾӿô죬ģҪ̵ġ

Ϻ˿ǳĻ̡

˳츮˺ܿˣ鿴ӣʱû˵ʲôº˵ġ

˳츮ˣϯϵĻʫᣬ㶼Ҵȥˣ޵ҧ
飬պʫᣬﻹԸ

˵ϣӽдҽˣްһƤʵʵǴϺĹҽаʾǻ̡
̣ĸСӲһͻȥˣҹصؿޣһҹƻֵͨ

Ϻ˼˵ŮڴϣƤģ۾ҪϹˣﻹס
żͬΣȥӺӵ鷳ֻΰԼŮƤס

һһҡҡͷҩˣĬĬᣬϻֻۣ޲Լˡ

ڶһ磬濤ͬϺЩԵ⵽һ⣬̸᷿Сʱ

ϺȾҪɱˣžһ״浽˻¡

ǻа磬Ůλ˴ѡ

Ϻ˴ǰɵͬԪ۷˻ţҪһⵤȯ
ⵤȯǰһλʵۺ»ʵ۴£۱֣޵үү

Ϻ˴һƷĳһӾͣ˻ǰ

Ϊͬ飬ǵԼд
ֲ˼£ϲèҥʵҲʱģ˾ǣСèǺͷģֿӵСèȻ˵þϸ˿ˣ֮ҲҪǿнһȻЩƷѵСèҲһʱҵġ

ϺͣǰţǰۼЩֵİգʹһ£Ϻ˲Ž˰̧̧š

̸ͬ䣬ʵѲ˵ϼ仰ҪŮȥ

ϺѾܴˣϵƤһۿǺģҪ˵
Ů񶼻δǣ۵ƤСһצץѪܵġϷ˲ᣬһŮɣ覣պ׸Ǻã

ﲻζȻǿӵģ¹ﶼֲ
˿ڲˮᣬϷ¸ŴӵģһСŮ˴ѣȻƽϷ˲ҵ
ǰϻ͵ǰˣŸϷ˸Ҫεġ

һͨʲôأ

Ϻ˲ǸˣңСҲǼнģɷСӶӽȥϹ۾ҰŰȹôЩꡣ

ŮõӳӶǼ޵õģ

̾˿˵Щ޲뷨派

Ϻ˲˲ᣬһ˫۾󿴿ҿǲϿɤӣʵŮü޸˼ҵģģˣǼҸҪεġ

˼˵Ǽ٣˼ŵޡ

ȵסգ̽ȥޡ
̯Ӻϸʰ


磬ϣһԵķȸȷ硣

ŮȻǵǸɬСˣббţᱡİȹͷСˣһϸĽһ־ס
ǰĹҵȴֲԵÿţ׾ϸ֦ͷѩü촽Ůһ򴽣ͽ֪ʲôִŵ㴿ȻɬС

޷ЩŰϺߣ˺Ժ

һŰˣŮĻ˵ͣӱ߷ĿһۣžֻǰĻרע棬мģġ

޿һЩʶȤˡ
齱ߣŰĴȣһûһµظȡ

ҳ¶ǰӨһƬ˵Ҫѡ

޿һۣһι

ѽѶ
򴽣ѽԸˣƤһٳһ

ϡϻǮϷȫŰˣһҪС̡

ŮԵû泩ˮ죬޿ĬιС̡

ԽԽ⣬һ쵽ӭ˸յġ
ŮüѻһߣնԵĺ˵ģ۽ޣģιˣ

ްӲһߣӲ˲֣ЦЦٳԾ͸ιҩˡ

ȷʵԼԵøʹһҩҪιʱһڳԸ۽˻
Ůֻ÷ŹޣȾָָûУ´ҪԱһЩġ

ްװģĻƵһȥ˿һᣬ̾˿ڡ

ϣ޵Ĵȣ˵С棬Ҳڣı͹ˣҵڰɡ
ҪڣϺš

޾ЦŮСҪа۴Դǵƿˡ
Ůһ˫۾ˮģ޵ֱۣǵģɲġ

ûʲôһһµŮСȣƽιԿѡ
ЦЦĿרעͣŮϣűָĥ䣬Ⱥڡ

죬ư͵ι˿š

˱ﶼѵζȹڱõ˴ȣ÷ۣǰıɴҲʪˣ˻
˼һ˯ϣ˵˵ϡ

ͷϸһϸС۳һԣϱ߸ɫѪܣƯ

˿Ϻ˵顣

Ȼǰ⣬ͷ֧ͬС
Ϻͨߣ벻Ů޸ķӡ

ⷨҲʵϺЩȯһóûҲܰѴӼ޸պҲˡ

ΰȰߵģȽϺϺһǸִġ
ʵ̫ϲЩѫ֮Сʱһ˱ڷ븮ССҲǷǣ֪Щǲ˵ģĸΪβԼ˸á
һ뷨̾ͻ˸ǹѫ֮ǸԪҵģ˽úá

ö֮Ҳȥ׷ˣ;Ӧûţ˼ϺȷʵһжսϣѰҲҡУһҵǲ޶С

ƽƽȰ˵Ȼˡ
޲ȢӣǴ

Ϻ˵Ƥӣ˶һƽؿ
úȲͽϲˮһԼΧźϺ˱ǿƤŵģβ˺Ҳûˣֻȥ

˳ϵıɴͻȻ޸ϵһԡ

պȢ𣿡Ůġ




79.  庮   ֨ѽ֨ѽ

, ûһˡ

ѰȢǰиµͨ, ͬһ, иɸɾġ
Ҳϲ˿, ƽҲֻżСˡ

޿С, аӵ˵ϣ˲˲, ˵ġ
ǰһЩϣ, ͷ

޴ͷ᲻صس˳ͷ, ŮվͰؿ, ֱ̧ۡ
˾Ц, Сؿڷ, ˵ֻͷһڡ

򴽣ͷһ˫, ʪ, ٶ䡣
ʵ

޲˲⣬ֱ֧ŶͷЦЦ˵ˡ
Ůļ, ǲ, ۵Ҳ㡣

̧գŮڻҪ˵ˡ
Ѹͷƽƽġ

, أúû

޺Ȼڻһ

㶵̧ͷŴ⣬ʶضסʼ

޴ͷһᣬЦЦѹķ۵ĶͻȻ˵˾仰

˸ܾСصشһ£պģֻ׽Ūң

קԼûһ;û˯

һһµظļ˾һ˯˸ʱ˸Ѿˡ

˸齣齾Ȼ֨ѽһ
ŮһСˡ

ˣ̧һ£齾ͺҪɢһ㣬֨ѽ֨ѽġ
죬ҿƣֱֱصǽϣͲˡ

쵽ԷʱǰԺʹһЦеصԺͷ˵ˡ

һϲͬһȥԺӡ

լʵǴϵĸ岻ԣǵķᣬԺһһﲼõöܽһ·߹ȥ羰ˡ
ԺӸǸиͷģǰǰԺӵڶûԽԥԽò⣬񶼿˺üˣʱԺȥ֪˵ȥġ
ǵĻ鷿޵ԺͷϻǸԺҡ

ԺլӵߣͷŸԺңžЦ

ԺӣмСͬŮ䣬һͷ֪ʲô

ǰȥţʹԺӡ
ԺӲõúʣλҲһ԰ŸӣõǶԴ󴸣ƽϲԺġ

һԵּ岻ţһԵŮǣ˵֪ΪʲôӻͲˡ
ԥһŽȥˣͷһᣬ˵

ֳˣԴôˣ
ֺЦҡҡͷƢأصģԴҲ󣬹ͺˡ

ͦȥӴͷ̽ͷֻüһ˫۾飬Ҳ֪ûȥģģգգ۾
ǷˮתſĴģһ˫۾ЦԲռ

ת˸ñŤŤԵġ

ŴЦгȥ

岻Ըֻͬ˾Ժ⸮ϵᡣ
˶࣬Щλģʱʱͻ£ֻżſ

ֲ֪ʲôüͻȻӾǴΣ
һʴ˭

־˵ǽԺվŵһŮɫаġ
׼ǰĲҪ̻ȥýдײˣӰһѡ
ƣӰˡ

֪ΪҪȷʵЩӡ󣬡ŵǺ
ǵͷҲ̫ģη·񻡣

ЦЦһֻ۾һ𣬰ϰ˲ɲżһֻ۾ǺõģҲ֪Ūġ
ūҲˡ̾˿Ҳ֪źǼͷ

£ֱ˵಻úýţϵҲҪ̫ġ

ҡҡͷūµвģүȢӹҲūͷˣŴӡ
ѾʮˣҲû֪ˡ

û뵽壬ܾĺӣ֪أ
Լôģ

ֿЦӾúεҪū˵ЩģԺӹ˲ôжܹ

̾˿һЩ˲պĶҪѴտõġ
ȷʵΣضǱѰҽҽιģģȻõĽˡ
Ҳޣʲô޶׵ġ

ֵͷ˵ūţߵѾͷô£ѾͷҲܿ﹩ţϢͰѾͷɷҲǲС

ǽѪͳѡ׼ҶҪѶԷ֮ѾҲ֮ˡ
˷ᣬǴҼũϻкü˷ӣһ˼Ҷ˵ϡ

˵۾ˣǴӺúõģίҲͬһȢӵġ
СʱҲǴĹӣƽˣ˵ѾǸıĽˡ

򴽣ҲЩܣֿȥѾͷԸ⣬˵
Ÿ˼ӣȷʵ˲Ȱ

Ҫͬд񣬰ܣæܿˡ

ֺȥаҲ

Ҳߴ󣬵ֻȫͬЩһġ
ҲǴɵɵһ˫鶯۾أ

ʵð졣

ͬһᣬ⼸վͻȻ
޺üҹû˯Ÿΰá

⽫һͷĴ󺵸մ˺̫ˣЩ˶أһһĹ򶼰׷ѡ
οԪλû꣬Ԫ飬ϴҲһĨڣֻٴӰǮмĹԱҪЩģһһѾһˡ

ȺǴӱģŵнӽǧˣѹѹؾڳ⣬ʵǺˡ

ȺҪľǳԺ⣬ѾǰȣҪЩġ
ֻǳԺȶ˵ż򵥣ʵжǸ˷ѵ顣

ͷӲһͷЩϡܹʳֹôЩ񣬾ǴͷһԼĪҲҪԵǧӡЩһʱûаĵطƵٰͣ¡
ûǲðŵġ

ӱôӹǹͷ˵䲻ģǿյģ󶼲ĵش

ҲܲôЩ˶պҪ˶ڳϵġ
Ӵأ

ˣʵЩ˼ңǧеġ

˵һ˾óǲ£ǿͷЩͷڹպǲӶҪûˡ

⼸ջǮԭϲŵļԱͷһظ«һ㡣
⡣

¶ЩӰ˼Σ˼պƱãָҲѡвԣΪԱԸǮǮ˵һЩԣҲƽ⣬ƾʲôҼҳҲ
ȥû³̣ſڵĶҪˣ޲ýڻĴſڡ

ѻĵӿ˿ʵһЩǮÿҲ˼ӡ

дţ˴ͷһ˲Ըġ

⻰˵ǣ˲Ը裬ҲҾ㲻裬ƾʲô

ǹ涨˶أ
˵ҡҡͷԼͷˣǹ涨ƷϵĹٶҪ裬Сƾʲôþأ͢ٶҪ裬ǳ̻Ͳþء

üģ޲ЦЦѱʷһԡ

üĿӢġ
Ѱ֣ƽܹзӵġ
ýŷġ

͢ǮȺԱʱҪµʱˣȻʲô



ԺϺ˾ûˣǸƤģºͿʼˣﻹš
Щӻǹҽʾǣɽɽذ

ϢҡҡȣﵹЩϧǸСӣŮʱͬйһ֮ԵǸ߲ܺô˵Сӣܺദ

ˣҲ˴£Щԥǿһ˰̵ģҲұָ֤
ҽʵ֣ǰиŮɴˤ첲ϻ˳һӣϧҩϲİ̺ۣȥˣۼ

룬ûаε©ϺˣǸû֤ģϸβ÷Թ
ȱЩҩģ˼վҪˡ

ǷǷȥ׼ˡ

Ϻڻ˸ӣ徲գֳĶЩһͷѪȻǽ˽ˡ
ЩϲҲʹ졣

ϺԺ󣬻Ϊ˻ϳϢˡ

Ҳ䣬ܹ˵ѻԵģΪӢϺ˵Ӷ˺ˡ
Цˣҧ±Ͳǵ£ϾĪ

κȺϰղŲǲģԴȻ죬Ԭ߶˱ҥΣûʲôЧҲˡ

ǰˣȴʵʵؽ濤һѡ

СͬȽϣ˼ҲûӮ˭֪һ·תأһ¾ͳ˵ϵͣĿ

ɰȻƽػ˾ǣҲҡһ˻汾Ϊصķ˲缦ˣ˭֪ʲôǻҲ̰ͼɫˣмģΪϺˣ

˭֪Ը⡣
ҿɲʲôССԭķҾѾˣڹ̵˷ϼңͬûʲô𣬲ܸκ
濤Լһû͵˻ǰЩ뷨Ķ˳ƽ˴ҵ֦вңȴܵ˴ҵҲܸģҪǰ⣬ֶΪأ

޻;ܾˣ濤ҪӽˣԼǸСĸоȥһ˺

û֪˵ʲôֻǴ뿪ԺϺһҧ͵Ҫ

Ǵӵ鷳ƣ˳ˣŮĴѣ
Ϻǻһһ״浽˹
ԪʺڹУ¾ǵ˵ģܼҶңϺ˱͸˵ˣǼңݵĴһ붼ͬģκõ

㣬Ƹ
ĸСҲܳ裬˵飬ܵġ

ҹܣƤȥȻߵ˰

ҡҡȣѾʹŷˡ

ϴνȥԺ֮ǰʺʱټ
ʱͷһС̫ĽŲһһߵ˻ʺ͵ߵСȶӷᣬҪžϯϵ˼֮Ǻ۵ġ

ǷˣһСֱ̧ĳӢ

ϼˣС̫ü˳۵ؽڳƻ
ϵ˲ĿƵضǰ

һŽŲһ£ǸˣҲˣ޵ڿޣЩֲ´ģһϡ

һԵĹṴ̊õΣмˣһƣǱŲһŲƳ˸λá

ϳͼֵɣ̧̧֣£򼸸λӼ񡣡
ˣϿ֪ΪΣ
±ͬûйϵһ˾ǸˣƤҲǲӵġ

ЩεЦЦȷʵͷģʵҲµˣֻ˼
һƷӣ˰ȴڹҲǷС˵ġ

˿ڲˮ˶һڲ˺һᣬĽŮƵҲûзӵģֻܿʣһ԰æ
ΣǵǿԽ̽һⱳ֣ȻδͬϹϵŮ򴽣һ˫ڵ˵Ѳӡ

ﻢˣȻͷ

ϵȷʵѾ֪ˣЩϸڣ⼸׼δ

ѰˣۿǺģҿóдӲӡĸҲŵͷһӵûʲôġ
Դ̫ҿҲǺµģûƵƣֻҰͰ͵ظŸ͡ӵĸǸĸˣɫ̫ÿҲͷ

ΣЩϢǺõģСӵˣֻܰӰ콵ͣ벻ܽϺ˼˾Ϳˡ

ϺݺݵģУֱֱسһСӣҪӣҲҪǶϻӡӣ
ҪٶӵҲȲˣ뱲ӶҪˡ

˾Ϊ³ˣӰ£ϺοϣȻһٸԸ⣬ýСҲһŮܵĿǡ

һԣڵɨһȦŮ״Ϸν˹ȥ˳츮үֹġ
˳츮ﰵ˾ǣôܵˣСӻݵԽԽ

ϺһֻҪָƵֽ֪δã

ҡȣֻЦЦɬ

ϰˣΪһӣƤȻȻܰƵͷϣ˭֪һʳ˼̻ģ˿ġ
ֻ̽ЦſϺˣʺڹУǶģ磬ݵݸϢ

⻰˵ãһԵĴûסЦһǽĸģ⼸岻һ
βԸҲȥݣʺء

в˶Цˡ

˳ǣ˵ˡ

ЦеģϷǺͿˣºϸýдƤǡ
״Ǹ״ģȷ˴ӵβˣȻЩĹ򣬻Ҽô

ģתת۾Żƺиҽ߳ĸˣ缲һҩȥͺء

˵ƺģ⣬Ϻ̿˰

Ϻ˵ʲôͿ˻һۣȸ˸գ˵ñˣ֪˲ģ֪Ҹϵҽˡ

һ㶣մ˼°׵ĳȹǷ۸ǵɷף·һζ˵ҲƺҲ˵ġ
˵ǲǣЩֺõسЦЦ

˼俴˿ǲ˵ˡ

Ӧʱ䣬˭ͬ˵ģ

֧֧˵ʶһԣЩ˸Ƕ֪ģҲȴѽ
˭֪Щ˶ˡ

˵Ⱦŭ·ʮֵߣڿ̽ˣ

һʶ˵ϣңûС
ôˣ˵̽ʲô

̾ͷӦˣЦеȷʵЩԾֽš
Ҳ֪㣬뻴زʶǱ˵˼ˡ

ЦŽ˻졣

СƤأƾͿ޲ˡ

Ͼˣ˵һʶ⻴ͬİһˣ˵죬Ҳ˻һΪ͵ġ

ԭͽǲӵ飬ģҪȻŹ

ãϺ˹ضҪһģȷʵ˴ĸϣϺ˵ʱ˵

Ҳûֵø岻ףΨлʵʵڵذ˰ƣˡ



ҹ޻ûԼ˸

ѾúܺˣѧԺ󼸺ܱһתֿʼѧϰ塣
ҲǸмң̱ƽˣŸʲôȥ

޺ٴңӵˣӸǺܺõġ

ֺܿˣһԸŸСѾߴںҩ֭

ɫÿǶŰǺºͣҩ
޲ڣšüһˡ

СʱЩӸдҩӣ˺˼£ȷʵһЩ

ְһԵ۽˵ǰһ鰢СӡԴ˳ɻԺֿŰӵ͸С
־ԼûͷˣܿһСӣպ˵Ҳȥ̫Ӻϡ

򴽣˵ǰոոոɾ
ŮŽëͻȻЩˣССӾͲҲ˵Щ庮
ǲ̫׻еġ

ͬ޳׿ˣǵҲû˵ҲûϢġ

޲ΣܹҪи̳ˡ

Щ˼ѹüЩ֣ôˣ

ֿЦһūȥ˴ңͬ˵˴ү飬ҲԸ⡣




80.     Ҫ

ҷһ, ô˵ģ

ɫÿĸء

ò, Ҳûٸũ, һƤӰϧý, , էһǸˣȻҲᱻֵطȥ
ȥ, ڳԼͻСżޡ

ʵѾʮ, ԺͷСĶˣһȥ, Ŀۡ

СѾ̶߰, ˶, ֻͶ, ˵ҲֱһЩ
ãСûʲô, ūϸ, ںŪūء

ҼʮˣãΨһܵܡĸ׺öģĸų, ԽüǷǴ, ͷ㶼ˣһЩ˲˵
ļҵ, ԭɨѾҲõġ

»ЩƾūҲͼΪ˱ŸЩؼȥԼҪ£ūΪŴӣаʾ䣬Ҳǲģֻ˵ӵĺû

һûܹģΪԸ壬лܵӵķź

˭֪ƯҲ˵Ưʱֿ˵ԼûǸ˼β

ϸϸһ룬ȷʵ˼²ֻƲ壬Ҫһ֦ء
ܽүǷźģĸ֪ģ㣬ʲôҲøӸԸա

˸һ£ֵҲյûƣԳһЩ
ʱҲǾǿɵۻ軨ǱСѾͷˣˡ

ˡ

֣ɫҲȥ㲻زģ»ᴦ׵ģ̰˶ٱ˶³
ǴұͲԸҲͰˣǲǿģǴԸͷ˺ôַڣǰˡ

ֵͷﻹѹ飬۽дռ˱ˣίˡ
úõĴӣֵõһˡ

ڶհ巿еѾʻ

巿ĸѾߣһⶼǸϵļӣһһʵһʻͶ˵ˡ
ţüͷ

ⴺҰ˾ռģҪΪԸ壬ڷǲµģѵǽһһñС㻹̹

ЩôҲǾȹģôͽԩͷˡ
ֲж֮ģҧһڵˣˡ

һᣬ˸º͵Ѿͷ巿У˰ǴұѾߣרԺһЩɨ顣
Ըȥûٹ飬ŴýѾͷȳЩͷ

Ѿʮ£Ҳж죬ˮ࣬ʱʱҪһʱŻһЩ

ƢǺܿͺˣ˵ЦǾͬ˻ԼˣϸøҲɻһΡ

ŴЦרʳ˵ЩûˣǰͰ͵ظŰʮΰܴȥһ档
ﲻǣ޵Щ壬Ҫһ˳š

޵ĻԹԵشڸϣǴЩסˡ

±æöˣûʲôʱڸиһвסԬ˿̶ۣһڸ϶è޹ദʮ졣

˼գǿߵľֹסˣһҹͬ˵
ԬŮˣҲ֪ûл䡣̽ŵ

û뵽Ԭⶼˡ
ԬԸ֪ģϲ˹Ķˣǰǰײ˷壬Դ˾ͻ겻ᣬˣֻԬСŮ˼˵

ҷſģ綨ġ
ʵ˲ҵģȻҲϣи֪ˣ¼á

̾˿ūļˡ

ոչʱͬá
вһ¾޵ˣŽúù鵱Ȼñˡ

û˵һᰢ׼СˣԺͷĵʤܽˡ
Ϻˣˣ

գգ۾ԼĪµʲôˡ
Ů룬ȥɡ

Ϻ˻ϴελãŲˮ˼ڣƤţһձģ
Ͽʲôﰲһᣬŵ֪Ϸ˴˴ΪΣ
ºͣ㷡

Ϻ΢죬ɤӣţиҽŮҽޣκùһˤŮӡ

˴ӣһĨɫ
κǸŮɵڼǰû֪ġ

ȷʵдˣ죬汾տҽݡ˵ҡҡӣһ˫Ϻˣƺ˵ʲô

Ϻ˽Щ˵ڣǸƤˣϴߵʱ̫ͬ죬Ըٲģû뵽ֲˡ
Խ˵ԽͣŴݣŮҲ֪ģץã˿ڣϴ棬պ󻹲֪Ҫô졣
ӵĸԱԺ󣬼û˵ˡϱҲտ֣úõһҾģˣϺ˿żֱ絶ʡ

ˣǻ

ϰһᣬϺ˼𻰣һҧΪ˶ϴβͿˣдȾǿŮ
Ϻ˳ãⱲӾû˵仰˵Ƥɺתˡ

Ϻ˸˸ӣһԵŮ⣬̾С̧Ÿӽˡ
һЩ񣬻¡

˴۾ϺԶԶţǲԸ⣬Լ̲סˡ

Ϻ˳ʮ㣬鲻ܾôˣϴţ˰ѻЦһΪ˻ϣҲܾôŵģϺϴλ޵⡣
ûϳȥѾǲˡ

ŮҡҡȣϷˣ֪ģѾǱ벻Ӧˣϴһ⣬ж˿˱үЦţԺ˭ѻ

Ϻ˿Цһû˵ʲôǰ⡣

׼񣬷Щ棬ӲǽӶô־ܾˡ

Ǿܾ˿ġ̾˿ӵ޹ģţϺ˻Ҫŵġ



Ҫˣϸðᣬǳ뾩͸ðġ

˻Ȼ͸ٰˣְæӾͶ¸³壬ȥˡ
Щ飬һȥӡ

ӵҩѾˣ¸ЩЧġ

úܿ죬ŸСҩ䡣
С˼գ˼

һԵķѼصڿһ£һһش
ʵӶ֪ģỹȷˡ

˵Ժü룬ָ̧

Լϵָʶ򴽡

˺һᣬӲŰջȥ֬ƽࡣ
ѾˣպţֽͲٱˡ

ָǲע⣬ԥһᣬʵ÷棿

룬ίվпģ飬÷Ǳ˼һЩģ˵׼
ӿ˿ܺͻᣬүҲİӳء

ÿ˵һŮӺıϣϾ˭Ҳܱ֤ԶԼ䱦ӻʱȥҽݿǧ໳ã˵ҪͷĶС

ΪҲԼպʧȥĳ谮ǰ޶ǿģʲôޱԼҲȢֱ֮ˡ

һǿ󲻵ãԸҲġ
ŮϲԹ˵ˣһˣͬ˵Ϻ˵

㵽ʱͺãβҲ𡣡
һ£Ҳƽѹ

ӵͷʵа˳ɵİյģ֮ǰ˵ʲôġ

Ϻ˶ܿ죬žΣƱûͣӡ
ǴԪһ˵ôմ˵ĻˣһǲмģңԪ֪ģһóҵͷۻ˺ǿһЩͶȡ߽ݾ˼ңýžţȻĭӾܰ

⼸ϺͻȻ˸Ƶģܣһĸ߰ʱŲҪЦ͵ʵ۾ϡ

ڵͷǰӣһκá

Ϻ˻ǲϲΪ⣬ǴŴһŵġ
ǰ̬ȵı仯зզ࣬ǲȣ˾㣬׾پͽӸˣиϸ΢õǾҪԹģβãϺҲ˵Ļ

ǸźŮӣϴűɴͷϺ󣬲̧ͷ

ȥӣʹͬ˵

ӴǳɫȹʮأһԵѾ߶һЩϴŰɫıɴͷ˵ֻʵϲŻǻ

һԵϺˮڼŵҲǼſ߿࣬ڰǰûʲôˣʲô˵ĳ
ϴҲǻͷҼСԭͬ¼˵£ͻȻ飬˵ˡ
˵ˣʵʵرһѡ

дƣǵģ˵ѾЩˣǴҵλ⣬ռˣ˴Ҳȱѡüɾ࿴

ƵĸֻһһŮϺ˰ö˵бȻǧϸѡһԥ˺ü£ѡһӡ

˾ǳ¼ҵĴӣ¼һ밢ЩԨԴΪŵĸϾͳ¼ңǳ¼ҵĴ̡
࿴غ˳ԭѾڻˣƳ£ǱȻԸˡ

ϺޣȷʵŮˣҧˣ˭֪磬¼ִ
˵ǴѾģˣͬǼҽףֻе㲻һ¼ҴӻҪȢıãдƽޡ

Ϻû˵ģŵ˳¼ҵš

ʵѿϺúüҹ˯žǻˣ͵ǰǵĿҲôƼ޽˳¼Ҳŷ֣ʱǺڶˡ

򴽣ô
ֱǰ˸Ӵŵġ

Ϻʵˣ濤ȰģȻƾһӣ벻ģܼ޸ȷʵܴ¼ơ

һü濤ʲôлʲôô

Ӻܿˣ⻰Ͱ²ƺЩͬ˵ֻʱʱ͵͵һۣܴ⣬аӡ

ӴŴƽңϺ߬ģû˼˵ˣ϶˲㱡
⼸ղùƤĴƸùҹûô˯Źһ˴Ϻ˿̲סϣ漣зӰѴκá
ҲУܹѾôЩˣСŮһ·

˿ڲ裬ҲĪЩš

ԼĪСͳˣִɴϺߡ

Ϻӵͷ

ŮУ˿ԼĪʳָǲǺȥ롣ûƱպЩ֬۾ǿġ

⼸仰Ҳ˸ˣұҽҲ˵Ű̺۵һЩˣЩ֬ܿͺǲˡ

ϺۿˣֽдƸд񣬰ܿˣ籸Щллӡ
ϺǣС˷ӲƴǣЦˡ

˵˻ᴾƵƣԬͬһˡ

һԭͲ̫˵ĴƳ׳«ȭͷõϲ˵ˡ

ԬͬϺ˼ҲԹԵظż񣬹˶˴ߡ

ͬϺ˵濤飬һԵ壬Щ˴ơ
ϴȥҲ⡣

עˣ治ΪҪԻ
û˵ʲôأ

Ϻ룬ͬ濤յһһС

ߵͬԬ˾ͰѴΧˣƾܾСһƵѾߵһڻϣǵǲҳ

ͬԬ˵ˣиմСӽϻץ˵̡
ûϻǴǣһڼĴǣȭͷŵˣ޳һҲһ˿ڣϡ

ƴɴ˴ؼҪͲƽʣԺѾδˣ֣ﺦ¼ˡ
ڼɩͬϺ˵˵պ޷ˡ˲վӣŵСֶӣ˿ʱſ˼򼣬֪ԼһĿģ

ƺ˿ǸҳЦ͡

ϻ𣿡ü

㶣ʶЩ󣬲Ҳܴ󡣡
ĿһۣŵŽֺʵҲ̫ǵˡ

մ˼ɫĳۣϲܣǺܰɾϱ߱ԬѶɾ
ԶֱͦڴƵԽԵøߴӢдƿ

ŶһƻعƿĿ⣬һ̲סĵؿһۡӶҪɾںϵ˿жªƾÿЩɡ

忴һԵԬƶҾ˵ֻСϻ

Ԭ̾˿ˣֱֱƣ壬ܿˣŮʵټˣұҪȥ㸮͵ġ
Ҳ֪ԬЩʲô֪ĻΪͽִһֻϻ

ƻЩ£㶵ظŵͷ

Դʲô

ƽö϶˺Ŀİ˿ڵġ

ǲ⣬źĶҸöá
ǲɴġ

ԬǸŮɣһ첻ߡ

ͿƣӢϴ棬úϧ

˵ͷص̾˿Ľ϶á
˭ܽϻץġ

գգ۾ƮĨΣڽɴסˡ

ÿ

ϺͬʱӰõҩͬһЩһԵСˣ˾Ԥˡ

廹Щ᲻ã⼸ͬԬһԬĻģӶ˵ˣڸϲ˵Ĵƣûϵء
Ϻ˻ͬ˵üƣССģ㻹

ϵĺξûȥκģͰ͵ģġ
ȽϺǣԼһ·˳ػ˴ңͬϲصļţϣŻع
һδСӣôˣ

˿ڲˮŴЦЦ

ЦʲôԬ˸ѣϻմЩңҲ֪ǴģһԵŮӸڰ֣в⡣
ĸײ⣬Ԭֱֲ˼ôô

ҡҡͷĪԻ
˭뵽ûϹϵˣȻЩζˣ

޳ʱ顣
ܴյһǲҲܺãŴЦԴޣ۾ġ

޸߲ˣҪֻǳԸ㣬ҪԼ
ʱ򲻰˵һЩǰܲ³֪뷨岻ϲ

룬ҲżҪˣҿǲһ⡣

ͬްᵹϣһֱסļ򣬽úóԷ

˸ļһûˣҪˣϡúܣС۴ȣϣ˵Щ۵黰

һסֱۣһֳӣ˺̾˿ɴԼˡ
򴽣С˵ؾ˵Ĵȡ

޴۾ЦҪ˵ʲô

һС˺ԺͷģǰǸӣεڸǰˡ




81.     θ˳

֪ô, ڵһ֧˹ϣǱĽģûȥ, Ϊûˡ

Ů̾˿, ĸ, Ҳǲܵġ
ʵĪ

ްһԵĵ, ˵ļúóԷ, ûҪܡ
ҲʲôҪˡ

򴽣Цʯĳ
ֻһ۲˵

Ů˼ڷ, ﻹЩǣ㲻³ˣ, ϴξͲŴ
ǰǵǹȥʽ, Ԫ, ʷȻûдǰĻ, ܹ鲻ʲô֮ǡϾԸǸ̫ǣƤ˵ԼǴ֮ء

¼ңң, žһĶֵ, ݱ¶ˣܾͶ׼ˡ
ǰŹ£ǳ˴ܴ

޼࣬һĺ, ˵ġ
Ӿ³, ҲǱ˰ŵģܶޣµĲ޵ҲĶ

ƶǶ, ÿҪ飬紷ʱʱ̾ҵĺø硣

ϸ첲ϸȵϣز˶٣ЦЦţմһ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôģ
һʯĳһø硣

ſڵ˹ܣɫôƸƸڴϣһΧſܱ߾һ֣ǵΪǹ⵹ڻǰġ
ļҵŮɣĪǺ˲
ʲô

һϸƤģһǹʮ·϶ϰգΪļҵĹˣû˸Ұ

ЩµĽ˻ŷôǾɼ񵽸ȥź

ŷЦеģ·Ůӣɲҽ

һ㣬ЩиĻӵ̧ߣҧװתѵģȥˡ
뿪ʱҲС޵ݶ̫ǵˣ⼸žһȨޣǲǵ̫ӵĵӡ

һֱΪѾˣȺɢˣ˭֪콫һðˡ

һǵģǵģΪβأһǰ

ҧҧ׵Ϊ̫ٹף˾Ĺ»̫£Ҳ˲ٿͷ޵ʦȺƣһֶˣ涼ϼ

Զ񱻸ְոϾǸжд̣Ϸ˾ţרԶڵʱﻹȥ

ɫˣģģĲȥˡ
Ǹˣ޲£Ȼˡ



ͬ޵ʮĩðϯǲģһϯ棬һһԶٷ

ЩҪʲôء
ʵѰ죬ʲôȱ

룬ԼɰҲǿԵģܹ̫ˣһɰġ

ȥ鷿õ١ǰѧһЩ裬òˣЩ򵥵ĻǿԼġ
Ů룬һᣬͽȥ巿һ

ںϲȻõģ˵úޡ

ƶǶģֲ̫



ԺһɫȹѾԺｽͷѾɹͷ󺹣ɫһ£һŷɫ³ȹŮŸ̡
ңɲҪ͵ԺòֵĻݣǶˣҪǰȥ˵һ˵

Ůǰָɵ巿еģҩһģ֪ⴺǲӵߣרԼһҩȻùͷʱ
üһģҩһͬǰһأ޲ҪѾź

ģҧҧۺ⣬Щί塣
ϴξ㿴壬ͻǮˣ˸ǶȣԼǱϴθġ

廹֣⼸չνץúܽǳͷһ̧ͷͶ˴ҵĿ⡣
գգ۾ѧ޽ѵ㲻Ҫ͵ú¡

һڰЩҧˣͷһ

ҩ״һת̸ϣǰ˴һ£СӣҶԴӲˮõ

ӻ᷿أˣ
ҹ˺ӣ巿ѾΪպҪģȻǾģܵ¾ɫͬŮ˺

㳶ҵͷץĲӣϾᵹڵ

ҲˣſڴϿһ˫Сһ۾ʪģʲô
ͷѾ˵ϴòŰ

ԺһѾɫ࣬Ȼ˿ݣҪľҪعأ컯֮£ѾӵԺˣֱδţǱǰѾֲ߱˺á

ǸݵӣĬذסˣһѾ֣߱ܿȥ˳һռһЩƽﲻõʳ˵ˡ
ԹţͲ˵Ժ˵һ仰

ҩСԺǵһμµģǿӣǵһˡҩһԺһȺţ

壬Ѿҩһʱͬ״ҩ״һò˵ģֻ˵ҪҺÿһѾ߱ģ˵ǵġ

磬ҩ᷿Ϣģҹҹģ⼸ѾֺҲҹúϢһ
ҩͻȻڷд󺰣˵ԼһԽˡ

ѾæңұҲûУҩ޵Сӽͬ˺ʱˣҶҪȥһ

Ѿ˴ܲأܰϵӶ򵽱ˣҩڹҷӳδء
Ѿаѱҩץסˣҩˣһ״浽ǰȥ֪ǸĪеģҲֻܸҩȥ˴ҷС

ҩһȥҾˣҩǸҲʹģķһͨҡ

ɫҪȥֹһҩͷһСϻˣֽ̾˼֣ȥػסСϻӡ

ⲻԾҩ۾һתǰͬ˺һ𡣡

ԴհѴұɨѾͷҲ˺üգԭ廹Դ飬̫֣⼸ռԵú˯úãɫˣǰѴҽʲôˡ

ҩͬ˺ǰˣ˼磬긮ϵѴͬҩеá

ҴѾߵɫȹϽͷɹ÷죬кüҩץ˺ۣգ巿һϸƤȻֲࡣ
һڵأһ˫ӯӯðˮ⣬ϼϣʮԺǸ̬֮

򴽿һֿۣŰϵСϻӡ
ԭΪⴺҲǸʸ֦ˣû뵽󻹲ء

һϻͷţſˣüͷһ𡣡
⼸Ҳ˽ѵұΪùһЩ
ҹɪɪԩϻģūҲ֪ضҪū澣š

һСūţ˭Ĺ򰵺
ͬͨŵ˭ͻȻϵҪڻѻ

ҵͷµΣҧ˵
ţһжƿ֮У֪ΪνһСѾ߽˾֡

⼸ǴҺһ֪żϱ߽˽Ǳ뻴ʵʱ˻ĴȻ¸ֺôϻﻹһҩ˵з֮ǰ¾С
˰Щ߰ͬһ͵ǰԺ޸ôˡ

ֽ֣´ҵʱǴûʲô쳣

ҵʱֻôƯȻҲᶯǸ˼
һ룬˴ҵһӣǺòξһȫһŮأֺ֪һͷ亹ЩûѴˡ

ԽԽģץˣǰЩ˵ԪǲˣЩЩţð
»һء

ɫȥԺļѾ߹ǰԶԶұˣһŵֽ

ЩŮ֮ŵͦ࣬Ҫҩȥ»֪Ҫʲôʱء
岻ǸƽϵӣЩ˾ԼƿҲ֪

ԭΪⶼЩʵѾߣиѹһѹͲжģʵŮҲҪ们ͷؼҲûа취ʱʱ̶̿עš

ˮ˽Ѿߴȥˡ
ҩһŮȼ巿źҩʹͣϲˡ

иѾ߹վǲף巿иµģ

̾˿ԺСһᡣ
ӣЩ֣ʱЪϢһᣬѾЪһˣᶼʱˣô˯ˡ

ֱֱ˯ҹŵòᣬȥˡ
ɫˣæסЩ˼ҹ˯̫ˣһЩ
ŷһ㣬ɰԺÿﶼҪ˯ʱԭΪòϲ˰ɣ뵽СӲ߲ãǰŰѹֳ

Լûʲôо⼸տǲͰᣬƽһЩθھҲˣһԾ;롣
ܺúϢһˣȻͻˡ

룬Ƶӣɲɵ׻ǵÿԼġ



ҲæţԪʽ΢ݳһΪǣ¸ǰĿϡ

սԽԽҲˣ쵽˴Ԫڡ

Ԫͬ裬޵Ҳռһ룬ϵԳҲżٺ˶ϣаˣͲģԪԴûˡ
ڱȽϸȤˡ

ϴ˵˾˵Ľң˵ðҵŮӣһ֪ϸˣҲˡԪݸżҲ·ˡ
ǰͷӵҽײһ˾ͲԾ

˵ݱȴԶܵǣΪ޵ĻҲ̫Ĵˡ

룬˸ԪţǼͻ
רŵĸѶˣóһЩġ

һԵЩ£ֵ˵˼顣

ĵ޺һü

˵ǷţǷŵĸףҵȻӷ֡

ҹһֱŸ˷ųȥˣİˡ
ŵ˺ܽڸͶˡ

޿˿񰵳࣬˲Żȥ飬ﶨǻˡ

ŵžǼĸϵģ޿ȷôͬͨŵģǱˡ

򴽣̫Ӿ˵



ʮµˣһЩϵһЩҪʰ̫¹ۣ˹ⷿһЩҲҪͷԺɹ˼ա

Щûʱ䶢ţֱֿȣǰͷﰵţһԻϺ˷˾Ҫ˵ȥյ˾

ȥ˸ϯеɩӰġ
вɻ飬ԪýĸĽһʱҲҰŮ·һ˾ݣֵַزðͷǻᣬҲżǰЩʱ֪ƽд˺üš

ͬн飬ԼҵȻҪġ

᲻ͬСŮһȲ裬϶ǸҵĴ󸾣Ҳһ˵˵˵öͬŮʱȫһ
һ仰Ҳ˵Ҳ˵һ֣ϯԺ춼ûŹˡ

еɩ磬ЦЦͷǰų¼ҵĴ˵£ôûˣ

ҲϯϣָͿʺĵܣЦ˼۹ߣǰͬҵŮ£Ů޲ƤȻʹˡ

˵ǳ¼ҵĴ㣬ӻݣմմҵҪȢƽޡ
ϵļ󸾶΢һЦ

ҵŮɱз޲޵Ǳ򣬵ȻӽʼһǾһˣ¼ҵƤûлʼҵĸ󣬵лʼҵθڡ
ԭͬ¼ҽõĴ󸾣ҲƻƳˡ

ҪǻĴȣ²֪ҪôءһǳɫȹŮԴ˰䡣

󸾵ȦӲǺģǸĸһĺ󷽣ЩǿƵĹҲҪܷ֡ΣǼ˵ġ
ͲǼŮ֮ЦˣǱ󼸸໥̽

մţҡҡȣЦݺܺ㣬½ɷˣӦõġ
ϯСģͬŮɶֻͤϷˣʱʱߣûʸϯġһӵҲڴȴһҲԵþִ٣̬󷿣һܽ棬һһЦ˿ʮ

һԿŲⰵЦСаͰ͵ؼżⲻ֪񾩳ǵȻһˣЩˣǲܳҲҪ̽̽ڷġ

ҲǷͬ˵Ůӽ˸СŮʮңɷǻĳӣĵĳɩŵɷ򹫹̬Ⱦʮ׽

ǵöЩκ˴ӵݣһӶҪ̧ͷˡЦݵ壬Ը衣

һϾһ˸У֪еɩɩŵģϴεֵЩܼ°ݡ

úЦȺҲ̫ˣæµʱȥĳǸԹ

һֱͬ˵ϯɢ˻ȥ𻰣룬شӦˡ

ܼҵϣǶԶЩЦӣ̾˿ң̫ˣ˼ǸСͬǸģ

ͬͻˡ
˼ЦǸСޣպúý̵ǣҲϡ

½½߹⻰ŷ

İСϻϯϣǸСòҲ
ԭҲûʲôϾŮĴ֣˵˴ʵ֮ʧǣ⣬ɷͬһٴеģҲЩ㷡
ɷûӦ˽ͬһСʱɱ𿴾ƽ˾ģ˽¼ǰ㲻٣ƷϵĹԱѪڸＸõģ˰Ѿռһˡ

޲ȱѾǸͷˡ

Żʺģպ͸̷
⻰ľģɷܲڲƭһһ˰ߵʱ˭뵽պд컯أ

Ҳǽˣ籾˭վڸߴ˭ﲻ
Լ

֪֪֪Цǹλͷ˰λӲҳվǾﷱһЩž

΢Цſһ˫۾ţϾȻЩš
ϳĬһ㲻˾ֻ˵ϲ̨⣬ҪϸŸϣһЩණ˸үǵӡ

ЩΣҪһ̬ȣܼҼպ޵Ĵһ档

ƺ̫⣬˵ֱһЩǻ̫þܾݡ

ȥʱϻ˰һľʵ˫½
˵̵þ£ľʵģʲôֵǮˣŷϻ˫½ʵʵĻƽ𣬰żŴƱԼĪˡ
Ѫ

ʱû˵ʲôܼҵ˼ͬ޴һ
ʵܼ˽ҲڽӴ޵ˣ޲̫ԣȻͻлߵĻ߷硣

Щ꣬˵óôЩֺңֳһСŲҲ°
˵ô򵥣֪Ҳֻ˵˵ˡ

޸˸ļ˽˼գЩܹơ
Ȼ޵ģصҽۡ

ЩЦذı⼸ȷʵࡣ
û˵ĻԴ͵ϡ

ûվ͵ᣬؾˣѵõľһҲǰǰ롣
˯һЩͺˡ

˼޺ɫϱɺ׵ĳȹ˸׹٣ɫݹˡ

ǰԺѾʼæµˣƷӣⶼյͻģζ⣬ǻ׼ʱϯϵġ

ûһ룬־ͶŸ̽ˣ⼸ƣÿֻⷿɽΣҪæһ죬ȺһԪ

ԹԵͷѵӷһԣǰСü
ҲȹҰɽΣţθ

̽Եغһڣǹɬɬζһھͽ˳һӵˡ




82.  ʹ   ӦһʶѪ

, һԵŮǽϵնɨˣ򿪴͸磬Ҳ̶ȥ

ɫ, , ô, ̹һЩˡ

ɫ, ¿ˣѳӴһ, ˺üˮŻ
öˣЩԻˡԼҹ̰, ޲ڣһ˳˴ӵѡ

СӲ߲Ѯ, ﱾЩ뷨, ˵ֶҲˡ
ɻ, ôء

վ, ƽ￴Ҳû¹, ֻǵ, ӽճȥˣҪиϵĸҽ


˿־ûˣֻż, Ųȥޡ

æ, ѸŪ˻ҵģְαżǰͷҲʼˣҹɢϯ˵
ǰվ˶ӵ, зҩһһЩˡ

ֺôȰסˣҲһЩ̰죬֪ģԻҲǵһˡ
Ӳ˲ĶͷҪѣҲο

ʱǸСŮɣԽԽܶһˡ

ǻһΰ磬ĸͬЩŮɼССֵʫ᲻һ㣬ԻݵǸΪʽӵĸۡҲֻɸСϵһЩģеĴͬжҲҪһġ

һͻѣһԵķЩģ˾ٱЩº̲ҩװڲʱʱһڡ
ӲЪһᣬǰߵһš̲ס
ǰͷæǲʱЪסġ

Ͽ˾ҪˣĴ󸾲ȥͣΪж߰ء
ڰ֣ǳɫĶԽȹȾЩ֬飬ǸӺݵĸˡ
ֻǹҲ̫ᡣ

ǰԺϯǲģ԰ЩΣС˵ͷһȾǸͤӣͤдȺ󸾡
䲻ţǿɿڵĹϹͬˮҲǱزٵģǲģп˵ĵش˱һЩʳϹ˶ԶСͬѾţʲôͻ״Ҳýˡ

ʱأͤѾˣŮߣֻͤ˼˲赹ˮŮ
ҡҡȣﻹЩŵġ

һ˼ҵķһδνģǰ˹ѫﲻǸæҪάøϵ

磬Ȼǲȱϯģ˺ͤУǰЩӲǮҲˣģ˽ͬ

ҲˣҵͬϣϳһżУŻԵУ˵ҲģͬԸˬʻͷҵǲͬ
ҵȥǰԺϾͽаŽͤУǰľĸľĸȻᱻˣȻ֮ޣ϶ʮֵĿ

ͤаٺˣͽзעСǱߵĶ
صظƷҲ֪СûС廹ǰԺĳҲܹԾʲôʲôҲ˵ġ
һƤ񣬵һЩ˵ע⣬²ݣڻߣǸĴ󽫡



Ϻ˵ǲسţʹЩ϶вסֻص˴ϱϣŻ̬ҪһЩ
⼸մϵ˿ȷʵ࣬˶ʱʱ˵ҪһᰢϺ˶ǳͰѰɴˡ

ǼģϾȻͳô󣬲С˵ͬӶ£뱲Ӷǲˣ˭ֳ֪ô£һתۣǸֻýύҪֺõͬˡ

˭˵ŮɼҪأǼ˸÷ԸҪʲôûУ

ϱͬɷľһ˻˵Żأߵžͣˡ
ϵĴѾһƳľȻǸϵСӡ

һ㶣ƽʲô
ôͻȻܵˣϰϸһɫİȹһǳɫԽС£ǰɫɴ
ﴩɫⶨϸϸװġ

ɴµðһ΢΢ͷܿϵֻɩҲȥ

ľֺǺǵģΪҲǾģڼоͲ˼ȻûзִƵ쳣ȥȥ

һЩСӲɩӵĿ̱Ӻܹ֣ǰûʱһ쵽ͱĲʱŴȥ¶¶ǺųȥˣǴû˵ģڽﲻ˵ܽǳպô졣

ǰЩӰƤˣ͸ǲ˵ˡһûԺӣŶڷҲСˣȻ˵ʲô˿һЩҪ۾ץˣǴСųĹҲûٽҴ

ϡˣȲ˵óˣһ磬ԼҲúЦԸǰᴩġ

ƲһԵĴľЦеģҲ˴ƵĲͬ촩þ񡣡

ǿɲֻгɻʱܴñȽ쾫
̲סһһۣСӣǿ˰ɡ

ܿ쵽˻ͷ˰Сԥһ²
ŮīСطߡܿлָ·Ѵ쵽СֵԺԶԶţǲģߵȥһȥ˴Ǵŵͤ

԰໨ݣϢ£˵鶼ź
һЩƷ˵ЦСӶһ㶡

⼸վ˭֪ƽСץպҪ̡ˣͽͷȥˣû˻Ȣһ覴õŮɡ
Ǵ͹֣˵һڽĪЩøУֻͬ

ȷӦģģ׽˵ǲӡ
޳ˣͲܲΪһڴ󸾵汻ʮ⣬ˣ
ϯϵĴԺ˭һڴϱһҲ

ϯϣȻĶˣǲô֣ȷʵҲ

ƸƸõǰһӰ˰۽ǣ㣬òˣϴεòԡ
סǶˣҲˡ
һ˵ţһơ

Ա߼СӶͣסˣ˭֪棬岻׼仰⣬ϴλ˴ʮ⣬֪СӰˬ
ͽ˵

Ʋϲ̧ͷˣҲЩˣ˺һЩỺҴ󣬲ýҽ㡣

һһЦˣм¾ҪʮˣȺСҲʹˣĻ϶¡
һ仰˼Ǿֽ̿ĸо

΢ǣá

Ʋһ˫ں۾ڳתһȦ˻һ˽

һԲͬƾֱֱԺڴ

ԬֻСӶ糽ˣ󼸸ȥġ
԰Ӻܴ󣬼Ÿߴľ԰Ӹ˼ɢɢվżŮɡ

Ԭȥʱ򣬻ͬСһһиŷ޵ӰڣԬʶͣӰںߡ

Լ˿ƵǺòˡǻ
ǿѽԺ¿ô죬дһӡ

˵ǽ벻ġһС̾˿ȴڲסֻãҲõġ

ԭǶأԬǼˣοͦϲӵģۼżС԰ӱϣԬһתԵѾȥǰԺ

ܿˣﻹֻ˹èѧԬģӰںߣ˵ȴקקģҪèʲô

ԬȻһϷƣ˳Сһ

滹ͬСڽ˻ᣬèԬ

˫ֱ󣬺ǲõüѧ
Ҿôͦÿġ棬Դ˴ɴĴӣһ˭Ͻϻӡء
ԸӡӸԸ˵ÿСӡ

漸վһǽһɫȹڶ˶߿Щ

룬Ԭһͦ봾ӵģء
ԬҲ뿴ӣȥû˻˵ȥһСˡ
ҲǺܾġ

ԬһƲ򵽵ϣԼܵذڰ֣˰ȻˣҿҵģȽѵ⼸ڵµСӣ
СèڻԬ̽ͷԶһĻľһЦСèɵӰںһס

ǱߴСèڻžǼУ
Ӱں߼Сǻʧɫ˵ŴƵл飬һһ׺˴ľϣڵҴյСϻէһֱһģһɲҪ

Ԭ˾ܣʱЦеسӻ֣ߣǷˡ

Ųߡ
ûʲôڵرվںߣǰŮˣ˸ԴȥѾ߶˲ƵؽһСط

Ҫʼգðèȥ

һһԵطң𽥿ʼͷòȥӦҲûʲôģҪʱԱײһ˫ǳɫЬ

һ
ǰͻıҵŮɣͽ̹һӣŮб𣬲Ůɵĵؽ磬ͬŮ˵ġ

Ƽסˣ߬߬ӣʶһϵɴھ˿
ɤӣӡ
ΪԼɴˣʵ˵ŲһֱһС

廹Ǻ˿ʶˣҲͬ˵ġ
Ҳ˵Ҫǣûðӵ˼ֻǴͬ˵֪ػӦˡ
ʲô

ĪģҲɤӣԼһ£ͷ۾еˡ

ӿ氫

ɴµðͷӣӴ˶٣ʲô

ͷ׼èˣǶ˸ڿèɡ

ưһҿ˫۾ͬһԺӱȥ
ߣ峤øߴ󣬴һɫĳۣĵӢִŹɺֵʡ
ѴӰţòŷԼͬͬˡ

ƴһ£һתͷ廹ͷƱһᣬԼһ̾ҪΪ߇ȥˡ

۲һᣬͻȻüëһҲͬͬ

˿˿ƣ̾ôû뵽ߡ


æʱţһֱûͣ죬÷ﻹ˱Ҳġ
˻ȥСͤ͡

λϣԵҡҡȣͤиλģͶȰ̸Ц˵ԼĻ¡

еĴɩǸŮӣǰչż˵֮ǰԶ޵Ż¾ˣžĹӣܽл顣
ȻʮˣͷͲˡ

̾˿ˣСӺóҲһһĺãǰﶼĻ£ˣڿʼ࿴ǽҷ
ϯϲ˵ֱ̫ף΢ʾ䣬˽¾ͿʼӴˣ˾֪ûɵ˻

Ҳû˵ԼҵĶôģЦŰοϣСǼģúüã¡

һһԲĸͻȻǻЩͻأб˵ļ˶ͣסˡ
ҼҲǵˣǿ㣬һӴ򲻳ƨǳˡ

ϵ˵ܸߵŮˣ˵ļˣǸ̻Ůƽյ㣬ῴҲ˵˽Ц

ϯϳҽ˳𣬲ȻǾ˵ѿģ˳˵䣬ȻذѻתطҲûԣһһز廰

ԼŮһǴһϰΪģܲµƽûʲôӹ
˵ĻҲЩˡ

˵Ѳ֮⻰δûУôͲ֮ˡ
ֻһᣬû·ϣϾһŮԸûǿ

ϯܿ͵βվԺĶͿͣԶԶ˴СӵӰ򴽣ȥ



ҵϣӵؿŴơ

˸ָŴƣƽϯʲô֪ˣַŴԸ˼䣬ľͲ˵ˡ
Ȼ֪ƽΪһģͬ˼Ҵ

ǽ˵۾⻹ԹСǾǺ棬ڵ֮ǸǸӵ˭
ļҵĹӣҲԴ⣬Сӵ˴һ⣬񲻾ˣһǣͳ˴Ĺˡ

ϲ˵ľһֺǺǵģ˵Լ˻ߵļˣиرθڣò书Ҳã󽫾ĺӡ
ľʲôûأƳۣǺ

Ժ̾֡

ԥһᣬԸ鶼˵ˣǲǰֹۡ

õǸߴӢһ;ڻСӵ̴ӣרŸèģ˷·Щģǻˣͷ֡

˵ί񣬿ϼֱǽһƹ˶ϣһ̴ӣǸ̴ӡ

Ͼõ󲻵ã̾ȥϺͬԼš
ҪǷչȥ֪鲻̾ͳ˴Ĵˣ



˶߹ˣŮЦ磬ʲôˣ

գգ۾˴ӣͬè
˵̾˿һֻɣҲˡ
һֻռ㲻Ҫͬ

ЦЦ˵Լ˵Сèͽ˱Ժˣôô

̧۳ֳݶٳſڣ˵ˡ

ҡҡͷԼ̫ļˣҾʴ磬Ǻϲӵģ֪ǲҲϲ
һ˫۾شֻͬˣܸңҾ봾ӹ

ͷָԬҲϲӡ

ðЦȥԼԺӡ

Ժܿˣ˸ǷѾʱˣòУֳŶͷ
ŮЩƣүȥˣ
ǰԺĿҲˣڻûӰûġ

ǲʣˣүȥ鷿˵ЩӺúţͽ˴ˣæû

ͷʱæ޸æʱ¶ƣɫ´үʲôȸҡ
æҲǵŵġ

뻹ЩۣɴõеȥгЩ̲ЩʳүæԼҲҪŵġ
ܴúţԼûġ

û˵꣬ͽзץס֡
ɻؿֱֱؿõϣڴӣӣĪˡ

һʶظŻͷ

촩ɫȹӣڷԼȹھȻ޵ġ
ӦһʶѪˡ

СͻȻһʹûü˵ֻǰһƬģһ̾²ʡˡ




83.     ʱѾҹˣ

ʱѾҹ, ߣ۾
ﰲˣֻһ, Ϻܻ谵, Ůš

Ȼըһ, ޵ӱյôһһĹ
, Щˣ

ö, ȫ¶ģϴηպԺ, ִ󲡳ĸо
Ůÿڿʣ޾ͷιˮȡ

ôˡ, ˸
ʶ˿Լ°, ڲڱ, ̧һ, ûʲô쳣
Ҹղǲǻ赹ˣ

ǣ, ·ԼҲǺ, ˹һŻ㻳ˡ

һЩˣ̧ԼĶӡ
Сƽ̹

˵Լ, ˺ü, һֺҲش顣

˺һᰢŽԼеʵֺõĸоǰﻹڷһֱܻиô, һ¾ϲˡ
Ȼޣ̹״ŮЩŵ컹͵͵裬ҷѪǲΪˡ

֪ؿʼ
ָ֣⣬Ӻܺá
˶˶٣Ժۡ

ĵڶ仰ޱס
ϵζأأ͸

ŮССģе㲻ţҵĺ𣿡
ôأδˡ
һоҲûС

ް§ڻһֻСĵס
˿ЦһӦİɡ

˷˺һᣬ˵˵ģʵûһʱ䣬;ôͷŽһƣˡ

޶Ǻ񣬰ر˵һһµżҲ֪Լʲôʱ˯ŵģﶼʶڶϡ
иء

޸˰ǣֿһᣬй˵
һԵ彣ˣӵǰ

ǰյСӾЩˡ˵ŻЩӣȴж֪
Ѱ˸ڲСӵģӲãСҲ֡ιĲǲδ롣

岻ãǰΪõģãͱԵиһЩԴġ
⼸ջᣬЩӦһ׳⣬ˡ
һ̲ѪԺ˶ŵòᡣ

û˼ֻúչ˰ûʲô飬ԼȥǰԺ

˽鷿谵žĻҲƣ彣ضһԣͷźںݶ

ŷţ֪޾ڴϡ
֣գܰʲôӦҲûС

ԶҲ˵ȷʵЩŵˡ
ǣЩƣؿϡ

ãȥݰʦ

ʦ
Щɣÿ궼һΣǽѾˡ
ʦҲܼġ

˴۾졣
²͸ͼֻȥˡ



ڶһ磬ϣһҩȡ
ȹʮգԼȴ֪޾ϲģʱʱҪԼĶӡ

˶ĬزᣬýԼҲµģҲֻǴҩ˵ġ

̾˿Ҳ֪ԼӲãϸעһЩšüһˣϽ˿۽졣
ҩһᣬС齾֨ѽ֨ѽؽл䡣

ҩһԣЩɻ鿴ⶼôˡ

ǹ˻ģִڶЩ죬ʱδϸԲŻ졣
û˵ʲôðˣͬ˾ţҪȥⷿһɵЩġиûһЩġ

֪Ժ󣬸ϴԴŵòᣬƽֲϲҹѸϵ˽ѵ
պ˸ԺҴææʲôһɴӸϳȥһЩ׳ײҲˣҹﻹ޳һСԺӺסڸϾͽչˡ

ԺǴѪҾ߶һסĴԭһ״Ļƻ棬˵ƵĿɲǴŻˣйζҲ֪ǲǶк߶߶ػ̴ľģսţʵҲһζġ
ƻǹصľģζҲߵģ໰֪Щˡ

ͷһ󺵵ʱҲû𣬸Ͼ˱Ǯкл

ʳ֮ľ͸עˣÿҪ԰̱ѵģҲֺ˵˵ȥˣ˵ѿԳԣЩľͺãܳһС

ߵ˸СŲһЩԸֵ̫ͻȻаˡ

ԬؾˣҲԺ棬ֻصͬ˵ˣӾ󣬽ǧײˡ
Ű·ҲˣһԺ档

Ԭڸס˿ˣｲЩ߲Ļ⼸ˣ

¡ϸһ룬ϻЩ˼øǳɻǶʱգ϶첻ߵġ

ԬĽǺ棬ҿŻϵģպý

˵Щ󵨵ĻźҲͰˣֻڱء
ͷ⣬㶼ҪˣûСޱ

ԬЦеģȻеģҲ֪Ůò׼⡣
жӵͷŮŮͷ

ͻȻѴһƣ˰һΪء
̽ԴУұȽϲСӡ

ܲСŮ޿޿ģҪŮޣǿ϶һ쵽ģ;ûƤ
ǸӾͺˣһ档

뵽⣬ᶨˣСӰɡ
·ǰԼܾġ

ԬһЦСǸܵˡ
ֵشһ£˵Щ߰İɡ

ûһ뿪ˣϡ
˫ӵˣûʲôĸоóԵĳԸúȵĺȣ˵ĲҲͻȻܺˣƣʱضЪϢĸо

޾ʱģ˴ɫĹ峤ۣͷڣһ彣Ҳˣڰߡ

ЦһСҲ첻ȥǰԺ𣿡
չʱ޳ﱸȥݣЩһձһæµġ

޴ű飬ȥһ㣬æ

ŲأҲˣͬһ뿴顣

Ůȥֲ˯룬顣

տû⡣Ī⣬յ޶ߣ֪Ǵʱʲô

޽ŪЩЦ˲տһۣϵʲôˣ

һ˫۾ʲôҾͲ˵ˣ֮ⴾС֮ͬЩͬġ

ĵĲֻ֣ͻȻˡ
Լôģ

̾˿нģҪʱദѽ

޿һᣬ֪뵽ʲô㻹ǵ𣿡

⻰ЩӦʲô£

޴˴۾һЩ

պ˵̫ʱŻеӣ˻ݰӾͳˣĸ岻ûȥˣһŮûĸˣһЩƽҲշʱֵͬܶһ롣

ʱ̫ѾȥʮˣǰҲûʲôگΪ⣬ֵü궼̫ƽ
ӣպ󵽵˭Ϊء

ʵ˵ֻ޲ǵӣͷ඼ϵˣĸֻǹһСŮԴϽҲý̳еġ
պʱϲ壬Ҫ̨ĸоЦҪ塣

ǰǸº͵ˣ
պ˵Ҫˣ곤꣬ͶӺܺáʱ˵׽ޣʵʱϲͬԵӡ

Ǽ˵ʵƽ̫ӵҲڰϵҲˬΪأûٱ˾ʱܣʱܡ
պҰĺܴ⸴ǰµǰĵһˣðͷȥ
ȷʵҲ׽ޣȻպˣûĻͬദ

պͬ壬ͬ׽СŮ֮飬ȷʵӵշģ鰢Ҳ֪ġ
Ծˣµ˳ͽҵʱѾˡ

պ˻˴һ˫۾ںģûºǵĸоˡ
պյġ

˵ЩЦ廹õʱϸĽ̵ٰ㸨޲õԼõҪ
£໹ųԵġ

òˣպ̰ţҪԼӣڲᵱϷԵĻԼ

Դ⣬Ǽûг⡣
պ˴̬ȴ䣬Ǹһ𾴵ˣȻЩֵ̿ģһο˵Ҳ˵Ļ

ԭһˣġ

Ҫ뷨ֻ˵仰ÿӵΪˡ
ܴʲô뷨պܻᷢ쳣ĵطǸͬպһˣû취ġ

ͷ֪ԼЩçײˣӿǸĵˣȥ
ȻҪֽġ


ǰ˵˽ж֪ˣ⡣
һȺʹ˵ϳиǵܰһЩ

ֱЩƷʹ˼ȥˣ֪Ҫкˣкˣ˯ܰһЩ

Լ˯þˣնŰаʧ
ԺһЩ⻬ĶʯС·Ҳҹˣ˷ĲϣǧҲҪò˱ͷˡ

˸ӣڶûԻأֳộպд󼸸ء

ӼһΪģѵһЩӲãպҪһЩġ˵ء

˫ӵˣЩͬ˵ǰЩӲѪЩףƱҪСĽһЩȻһãڶġ

ͷҲǲϣС̬ȽЩӦˡ
Ǽѧöװ𣿡
޸ߣмʺϸĳѧõλ߶ǴżСԺ

⼸ԽԽ࣬ຢͯ߶ûдտԼĪ˶·ϡ
պȺܱˣȺͯҲԸգպ֪Ҫ䵽ȥͷҲǲȱĻӵġ

ſһѧãպЩСţʶ֣ôи·

ӴһʼͲǺͬŰݵλͬգ˶أѱһЩˮˣЩʲôӶԤϵģϾѲ⡣
£ٲ˻Ŷá

ӵĵİȻҲŮЩЦЦҿţѧñȻܰȵؿ˵ſڵλһ鰲ˡ

ڰˣȺԼĪдǧˣȫڹ̶ţÿշͷſڱϵվ͵͵Ӽùα겻α׳Ϊӡ

ӣƺǣЩЦİɣҿžǡ

һƬϲ󣬴⼸ֵþͲҸ׷ˡ

Ϻ˿ʪһӣͬϱϱ߿ࡣ
ƽΪСδŮ˸ˣ
Ƶĸ״ҲſޣǳΪ죬Ϻ˿͸ſޣ

˿޳һţϵЦҪҲסˣ֪ͲϱˣģҪѴˡ
ľ鷿죬ŲסˣϾǰСһ顣

ľЦˣǸ𣿴һŪݣǴ棡

⻰˵ãû

ҽ׼ɭϣ˵޸ˣǼ޸֮ĶҪҲĿġ
ǰЩӴƤҲˣȫҸµһѴƹ
С

һˣŮҪǣ϶Ҫһȣҿġ

ݣ˭Ҳ֪֪׵ģ˭壬һ㡣
ȨѹͷϣȻǧˡ

ϱҪÿ̱ˣ봾ľһȰһȰ˺ðŽж˲Ҫˡ

ɤӣȥҴʸֻԸģһǴɴһ˵˼仰ء˭֪ⲻܣԼҶͷྣ

Ϻߩߩ飬ϣϱ˵öԣŮ۹ء

˵أͻȻͨ˵ƽˡ
ûüӦƾͽˡϺͬĸ˿࣬˰㿴

ϻɴԴ˿סԺմɴҲǲժġ
Ϻ˵סƼ˶ڣ˵ͷãҪ˵

ҹϽˣŻȥˡ

˶ɳȥˣ͵ȸӵǺηʥ

ưȵڸ߽ϣ΢΢̧ͷһʧģҲ֪ʲô

ľ̾˿СŮ


ҪѧõȻֻƤ˵һ˵ҹʿʼдӡ
۾򣬡ɱдˣ˫ӵҪעһЩġ

ͷԼС̾˿иС𣬿ɱ󡣡
һоûУ˱ƽۣθڷ·ҲһЩ

һԵ˾ЦЦСأĽū澼еĴɩϲʲôԲ£ֻܳԽֽǵᶹǣһ뷹Ҫһᶹǣء

ڰ֣Ѿʼˣûȭͷأͽ㿪ʼˡ

˾ЦеģԸСū澵ĺãҲūЩǮ
˶Ц

˵أһСͨˣߵᣬ˵Ҳϸġ
ү˸˻ˣūϢûУпУȥˡ

ɫˣʲô˻Ҫҹɫȥġ

ͬһۣ˵Ͼȥ

ԡ棬ֻûܼ͵ѣͬ˸ͳȥˡ
ȻڸԺӣƿԺţһĴüĿĺͬվ¡

˶ת尢˴ס
ӷƶɮ

ʶһԱ˱ܣ޾վ³ʾ⣬һ

վȥҲǺз˷ӡ

Ϳźܴˣ뷢ȫף̬ԲƵշ
ͬ˶һһֿĸо˲ڿˣڿһ껨һòݣŰʱ򣬽аԼ·ԵССһ

޺ļ򣬡ʦ

ͬһԿţһЩںʦҽ߳ӣòã

ͷһɷǵĸо˺׾

ҵűϣͬжһŰϡ
ȼߣԥһᣬϣʦˡ

Цеģ߬ŷ飬ֻϸϸش˰һᡣ

񣬵Ǵûģ񲻴аǳڿɵСӡ
ĪЩߣСʱһԴ˵ԡ

ûмʦֵʶ˺ܾõĴ

һᣬҪջˣͻȻ۾תһķ飬ӷŮʩ

ϣǽһһ£걻ַŽȥγѵĸо
֮ǰǸ

ֻе͵͵˵̧ͷ˿һֻ壬֪Щʲô
˴һʱ䣬ͬгˡ

޿˿ʾȥдûʲôԼǣŰͻԺȥ

ңϣ֪Ϊʲôϲ˲䡣
ԴĶͷôˡ

ҡҡͷֻöͷļһֻǣӣʱʱ

£һ£һҲҪ

Ҳûֻ̧֣ǰؿŮ˯˲뿪

Ժվµ
ޣ̧̧һ䰢ӷ𣬡ƶɮҹҪصݣʩкҪʵģᡣ

򴽣ʶס壬ƽģҲ塣

۾ֻŮʩӿ

ҡҡͷֻƽ
˿۾ûʲô֪ʦа취

תת飬һȱ࣬޵Щƶɮ˵ʩҵϡ

޲˵һüûɬ

תķ飬ʩ̫ɱߵˡ
ƶɮûʸ㣬ʩǷҪס˭ֻ󼺣ֲλı𣬻ݼ¡

ֻܰѻ˵ҡҡͷ߳Ժӣţһнһнĥѣ࣬Ϊ

޳Ĭһᣬʾ˲Ҫ

̧̧֣ȥ

ԺеһҲȷʵˣ²Բ
߸ϵӣҲȱġ




84.     ǳ˸

ʦӰʧԺǰ, ûʲôֻ˼˻ػݡ

˵ʲôֹ, ˶ȥ鷿

˵Ϣ, ޶, ۾֪ʲô
˰, ˰彣ȡӰյøߴֱͦ

ѽ̫ӵ, ̫ӵģ̫ϲ, ʮ겻ϲ׸ѽֻϡ

̫ͬ, ˴ɻͳû¡
, û̫ͬүжԵ, ŸԼױ, ֻһѳױ̫ӡ

̫, ҲûԼĻ, ⽣ʮ꼸ûʡΣѵʱҲûϣ˲׸ϡ

ǰܼ˾Ҫ裬Ժޡ

ǰЩԤеġ
, Ժ˯, ѣʱżĹ⾰ϲ׽
һֻɬãѽ
ʱҲͺ⽣, סǿ

ϵһκҪúóѽԪǧС
ŮЦ˵ģ˵ԼһԸ

ĳСһȺųǶгһԪ̫Ӹ𣬹⸴ǰٹ⡣
޴ûԼĸףӣǸ˻ûи飬ߵ˶ϣġϣ֣ЩĴ󳼡

Ƕ˵ԺҪ£ҪױҪ⸴ǰҪߵػؾǣе塣

޳ˣܺ˵Щ˼ûˣ֪Χ˶ڿ

⽣ħ䣬ʮҲûϵĻʱʱڶߣʱܷ굫ǰѲˣֻһһǸߡ

ڣǻвҪǰݣҪǰĴ졣
޸òηǰҪɱԪۣûʬԪߵҲڣ޹޷ģݸóһǡ

ʣµļҲᵽѪζʳһ㣬ӵǸΧǰ
ǻݵĵƲһУЩѹǰһ򾡡

ڲôˡ

ذѽһ飬ؽѽʮûˡ

󰲾˻ᡣ
˺ܶ࣬ȥҪôҪھǣٶñУǾֻЩķӡ
֮ԪۻҪġ

ٳʱϾûŽˡ

޽˵ȥݵļƻȸˡ

ѵЩʧ̬ӣǳʲô𣿡

뵽ȥ룬ֻ˵һ䣬ûҪ
⻰ҲʵģаñķʽǸλӣǾûҪΪǰͷЩѡ

ԪҲֵãһֻһˡ
ֹҪ˵Ļƽ⼸գԪ·ɡ

鸴ӵˡ
زˣӻ˱ļƻ

ȥˣǿʡ飬ȻţͷҲһɡ

ԼܲµȥݾԲΪݵıǵطֻһˣ޾С׼ס
ǰҪȥܿǳԪȥģǱϾǽĸ˫ĳˡΪǰ֮һ˼򵥵֮С

Ҳ·еӣŵʱ󲿷ʱ䶼ڣᰢ˯ϼ£һԿ顣

һᣬǸС

ûͬ˵ʲôľֻ󣬰ٶʼ䣬Це˵й¶

Թǿſɲŵģ飬ľûģȻôһεĻء
²ͬ˵ֻһ롣

򴽣̲úԳСУʲôãǸмġ
ʦ̷𣿡Щޡ

һ鼹˵ֱãǺУȻŷġ

ͷִ̧ϣԴһᣬ磬Ϊʲôȥأ

ްϣͷ֣ҲǷȥɣ㻳ˣȻΪء
⻰Ƿܣ˵ʵ

Լûжأ޲˵Ҳȥ̽
ļ˵ҪڸϰᣬҿţҵѧϾܿˡ
ѧһ˵Ҫ죬Ԭǲͬġ
ͷˮúܣֲӯĶ׽˹ġ

֪ʲô⣬ЩӺͷ
˵ǲԣֻעӣ˼˸֡

ʵǺæġ

ȥˣµ˴඼ͬ
ȥõİ취ɱ䲻⣬ռѹĵƣǰͷԪµֻǰͺ̵س嵽
ڴƵľǣӦᷴˮģֻҪմЩѪ¾ͽǰ

ȺȨͻȰ޲ҪĴ

һͲ޳ӣ;в֪Ҫٰգа취⣬Ϊβܣ˿Ҳ

ҹﳳʱһȺҲ˷;ʮ˵ȷʵ޹Ǳɡ

ӣһȺ˰Ժ˸

ʱȺ˲ȥ϶ƣ̬ܵ

çžҪǣʱҪ޵ˡ
Ԫۼݱʱǲơ



磬ϵһ԰ֵġ
Ժ߰żΣֵĲľͷ£Żǣˡ

λϣѾҲû£һߡ
ֻͷĴ󸾷ҵͷƷģܰҪʲô֮ϯЦ⡣

еϢû͸ȥҲֻӺ߰ڵĲˮȵġ
®ɽ裬ͷһ硣΢ЦԸ˫Ӻȵǲβ衣

ĳϴǲȱϯģԪЦеģɷȥǸؽ磬˵Ƿ羰أһǧ𡣡
ʵţǴһŰˡ

󸾷׷ЦЦ㡣

ȣͻȻһ˿
Ѳ贵˴ЦеأʮӦڰʲô˵ҵȷǣ

ʱЩ֮ϵأһССһվŵĿܾǻʺʱΪҪԵģڵЩᵽеˡ
Ǹˣͷ̧̧Ƥӣ֪˻ˣϵĺܡ

ϲԣʵѴһֻһԥԥģҲý

󸾶һۣˡ
ֻ˵ˡ
ҵȶϵģͷ¶ڷġ

ǱȰһ̾˿ȸסһգ˵˼仰
˶ѹѹԴ㿴ңҿ㣬ĩ˼ȥһʱˡ

룬ЩɵСҲ̫
ү谮ʱǻġϺͷ⻰˵СһЩ

žԼϥ»ûá
ͷЩ̣ܽ˵ǣżˡ
ֻ˸ΣиУ˵ǽб޽ѧãЩ¡˵̾˿Ǳ˼ҹˡ

ʱŹ˭˵ʲôΣʱҪϸϸġ
ȻС۾ţиù̵λȻʮֺģû⡣

ڼɨһȦ˵ѧõ飬⼸󸾶⶯ĻǼٵģϾ˭Ҳȱӣ˼Ҫǳˡ
ǰֲ£ֻ˵õ⡣

ͷþŮںլһϣϯҲиɻ궼Ĵϣ޵׸ĳӣſɷ䲻䣬Ҳȷʵδ׽ˡ

һЩλãˣɷ͸¶һǺ˵Щʲô

ȸסͣü·ڻһ㣬˵ЩĻʲôѽ֮ģţ޸ѧҲ£Ǻеһԡ

˵ˣֻ㵽Ϊֹ⼸֪¾ͺˡ

ҡ˵˱Ļͷиѹλ֪ϵ飿

˶˵֪󸾾Цеģǳ˸¡
ܽ˵飬һ½ϯϵ˶Ȥ

Ҳӣʶʶ
ͬϵ˶űֻ֣ϡǵôˣ벻òˡ

룬ԥ˵ĵŮܸ濤ͷģ
һ˵һЩǵõҲˡ

ҲǶǵʵûʲôʵĵطһ㣬ӿҲΨΨŵŵģ޵濤󣬸ǽ˿ˡ

˾Цˣɲ濤СˣĺܣպҪһĸס

⻰˵ã˶ˡ

ӣҲ濤ĸףЩȥˣһֱûôһ

Щˣ۾УγϹϵģ

ʮҪˣϸϸһǼûء

Ǵֵؿ˴һۣ֪ˣȷʵģǰЩӿַˣ
ͬĲЩԵϵģҲ˵ڵġ

һɻʱ֪֮ˣֻû뵽Ǹͬβ˾Ȼǰ
˲ʮء

룬벻ͨΪҪ㡣

ӦģЦǰСˣĳҲֻܳͷˡ
еûʲôĵģǿŬˡ

ҿŮ˵ȹϵȻ˲ݡ
Ԫϲ㶼֮ǿҵģһܳĵŮպԼ޲ң޸ƷС٣״ϲȦʧᶼһط

㣬˵߳ȥ϶Ҫ֡

ķӰҹͬǲ˿ûеȨֻǺ˿ڲ裬ͽ⻰ȥˡ

ɢˣԾ
ԼСӵ飬һᶼĲɵġ

ͬЩĬҲȡ
ãʵЩˣǻǿžдϡ

һᣬǰȿڵġ

飬ŮȷʵҪһЩЦүиֵܣѾʮˣ߻û֪ˣҲż
˵⻰˵úܺƣļҳһϷЩ

֪λˣϼ̬ȣ֪֪أһɣ̽˺ü⡣

һһشǱϾз黹ŮԿһЩ

ˣﵹǰ࣬ػŸˡΪǸʲô˵ͷأ˭֪ǻֵܡ
Ʋõģ˵Ǯ⣬һЩҲǿԵģǵס˵죬ҪмδŮɶӰ졣

񵹺ˣ˲ѽ˲ѽСûۣ˭ͬ׽һЩºˣһλҪһˡ
Ǹһ£Ҳ

˵Щ˼ӣЩһĵط
վڷأһǸ·ģƭ˴ƣЩһĵطҪǺáպֳʲôǰѻˡ

֪ϴͬ˵Ժࡣ
ԹһЩ˵ûĻǿԺǲõġ
н׵˼ǵʱ˵˶٣ûУպ˻ǲҪΪá

ϵ飬Ҫ쵶ն顣
ǰ˼Ժľԥԥأִ˸飬ͻȻԸˣȻǲŹģǲºα嵽ֽ˺һΡ
ķòҪð

ҲûҴƱֻ˵ȥ
Ͼǻ޴£Ҳֻ˵и濼ǡ

Щӿʼ̫ƽˡ
ϢͨЩ˶֪ˣƺʼͬˡ

˵ϣԪ۲ھǣֻڸ׸ֻһγ
Щ׸ײվӣȴͻȻͶļƣϷǱߺü˵ӡҲӦܿ죬Ӿͱȥˡ
ﶷĻȣϻЦӯӯģϳ³ֵһ̨

ϳһ¾Ͱϵ߲ˡ
Ѳһֽ״ݵ˳ϣҪŴն

״дʮһ״˽̾گ龩һֱоٵ߲ߵսʿ״дļãֱѪ
ϺȻըˣ˵ʲô˶У׸ѹ˺üѹһͳƣȻгһҪ
ʱԣ̳ݣ

˻һϾͿʼս˰춼ûн
Ѿǻͬսˣͷˮ˶ǡ

׸ûֻΧѹ˵

磬ִԪۼݱϢһƬ궯

˿ʼˣѩһϵݡ
ƣ˭˾ǣûлʱˡ



Щ鰢ֻ΢עһ£Ҫ˼Ǹѧϱߡ
һؽ磬֮͹ˣȡãǰʼ˶ˡ

ǰǲһЩǳȥһ֪˾Ͷ֪ˡ
أΪ˻£˸ãרЩ޸ĸӣԹ̶ʶ

һʱ䰢Ķ˵ĳģܺܿã汣ӣ͸
ǲЦԩͷˣݷȥˣȻʱ򶼻ϵġ

ͷǶԻڳʩֿ࣬˸ܽ˶ʶֵѧã˵ֻЩ޸ĸӣͨջЩ˽ӱǮҲԼҺȥ顣

ǿǸ
ķıһ󣬼ЩҪͶȥģȥȡһԾŵģϡһӾûùʣҲֻͬ汲һɱɱЬЬһûͷ
ҪǶЩޣҲһЩ

˭ԼĺгϢһͷӸȫҶȮ졣

ŮҲأעŮڣһ˽ǲŮɵģʦרڼڿΣȻ˼˵ˡ

Ҳ۳Ů˼ңŽʶ֣Ͷ͵ѧȥˡ

ЩղŲܻΪοѧãֻ֪ȷʵ˼£Ƕˡ
˵μӿƾ٣ôͷ˰

ѧð˼գؾ˿ʼˡ
ѧ˵ЩӣȷʵʵʵİҪ˵һ˵ãڿޡ
ͷĻˣǲǻˡ

ûգȻͬӵĵǰ㣬ͷЩԵ˽ȥ

磬ѧиСʳûһ͵ˡ

ѧҽݸúܿ죬һҩȥûȻ
СӣƳ˷ӣ̾˿߿϶µء

ȻһӰС̧˳츮ǰĺԩˡ

յϢգգ۾һ˿
ְְɣֵԽԽãβҪѧܳõذȥɶ磬ſȺాҲƺá

˸϶ͣЪѰеϢҲȥˡ




85.     ˿Ű

Сʬ׽˸˳츮ǰ, õأûһаΧˡ

ԪۼݱϢŴؾǣ¾ҲҪսһЩ, ִܽ

ǲСȥ, ⺢ӲǸ¶, ôһðһȺ

ûһСʹҴҸϻ, ˵⼸ԼͬСԵϵ;ɢ, ǻץװ׶һ

û˵ʲôάĻ, ֻ˰Ⱥ˶Ѻˣƾ޾ݵ, ƾʲô˵СǼҵĺӡ
˳츮ǰòײ徲, Ԫ۴ɥ, ˵Ҫʱעⲻܷɻ, һȺղۣûһɢȥˡ

ôҲû뵽, , ǽһֱϿľǹȥġ
Ҫ־ֻʱѡĲã˭ԪͻȻͱأ

˵îʱ䣬ͬһ, һܵ͵ڶ, ̾ȥ˻

˵ߣ˷ϢȥУûһʱ, ٵصӾ͵˸ϡ

Ԫ۴ɥݸͷڹƵû⻴ٹտɾͲһǻˣ˱ֻ಻٣޲üһݴ֮оټ졣

ЩһЩ֮ʣֺ̬֮ʤв¶м̬֮ˡ
΢ӣûʲôĵ

˶ģպ󱨸ԴжЩϻ̳Ͽֵ˼ˡ
ںǵ뷨ܹĿǴﵽˣǶ˶Ŀ⼯⡣

ǰŵҲʼдõĴʿʼڴСܡ

˵⻴Ķ콵ǰͷ£ͽ˸󡣷ֹˣỹЩ׻Ļ˵ڲ¥ｲ
Ԫ۴ɥЩŵİ˵ҪˣҲȱһɥ

ԽԽʲô˴ӣЩͶԻкӡģ͸ǿţֻ˵Ը¾Ů·ɿˡ

ѧʤѧξ񣬽аԼ졣

ǾǰĨȥĴˣǵġ
ԭ˳ģô˶ţ˲ϣơκԪʵǺãǰйشԪõﶼ֣ܳĶ

ʮϰз㣬Сȥˣȷʵǳ˲ɾĶʳû˵ģѹд״ʣϴ˻ɡ
˽Ҫλһɲܣֻ̯ͷл˵Ӱӣ߻һ£Ǳ߽һԡ

޶ֻۿţĻȨ

޶ų˳ϷϷ֣ûգþͳߵĻ⡣

񵽵ʲô⾰
гһŲӵĸͬĴ󺺴޻أ

ɱĵͷվţЩͷܵҼ޴ѧ˼־Ѿϵһˡ

˵ĸҿɱǻ֪ɣǻģأŻ˸СޣҲǣ᲻Ǯͣպ˸ôп޵ʱ򡣡

ɱԼСɫڵػ˻ɱǲǺҲ֪϶ǵģҿҲǺȹϵˮģҽҲȥ˺üˣ㻹Ǯôỹ˼ˡ
ģ

ҽǳ˵ҽݣʱѵģӶеģ⼸²֪˶أЩ̰С˵ģǮҩǮҲ᲻ã

˵һ죬һɱݵǰһˣûǮȥ
˵մҴҾͻ˼ңһ꣬һȼ⸾ǴϣҲȥôôþ

һᣬ⸾һҧѲϨˣץڵӵСЩǮžȥˡ
ɱйǾܽԼˣ

ЩղŲͷķֻǰһĶֵأ˼ҵ޶ȥˣҵĲȥҹﶼ˯ž
ʶ֣˭ƷСҲõͷ

ҪȷѪһЩһֱ¶棬޵˼⳯վһ룬ӵ𽥴ƣټһñӿ춼סˡ

֣ɫǸ˲ǵ֮٣Ըðǣһݺ뻴ٿмڵҪҴԪĸ

Ͻ˵һϾҪֻŅ̧֣̀ˮʾ˵ֻòĵر졣

̧˰壬ţȻи죬һ֮٣ýд֮ӵǣģȴ˽£ͷħƵҪаοǣοԪ

˵Ϸĸһ֣¹֮òܹأҪ˾ټȶģܰʵ֮١

ҡƽԽ޳ͷ֮·벻;Ӳѧ޹Ҳ֮ϣΪһĸ֮١жٰջʮ꺮ǻˣҲʢɹ֮

ָ˭ϲˣһ¾ȻҲվЩŹ³ӯһ˰弸ҪָЩӵȥ
֮ˮݣﰵͷоˣǺ޲Ӹɼܡ

úõĳóгϷĸɫòŰ˰ڵϡ

ļһ¾ͽﾲˡ

ϼ±߰ˣͷڰ֣һ

ҪȥҲҪ͡

ȶû뵽Ӧ˵ԭղһγⶼų˺üˡ

ӰһԵ÷Ӷ˵ֱߣٲЩģЩ÷ѹѹ

ʿˮؿǹɱ֮˺Ƿꡣ
ԭ̥ɣ˭֪ǰͻȻͿʼ£ʲô£ŪСɷףվЩ

ãһʱֻιȥС뷹ŲȥǰԺ

÷Ӻһü˻ŰӶĵĸоѹȥˡ
ѾˣС΢΢Щǲϸǿġ

ҲɰʱʱЦӻүʱҲ¾Ϳʼ̹߾ͺЩˡ

ͷɫͺ࣬ǻδҪˣպүһЩ

ЦеģүǺƤСֻһ˶ռ˱˵ġ

ͷǲɹˣҪϸţԺӶҪٳ˾ŰԺɹ̫Ҳմմ
Ŵûһᣬǰ߾иСѾɫǽŲȵؽ˺Ժ

԰ͷͰסˣСѾߵ˵˼仰ֻʱϾЩ졣
ӣ븮ҵĴϱˣ˵Щѣ˸ϵȥȼͻ

һ㶣ϸһӣȷʵ϶Ѿʮˡ
ûٶ룬̾ͽһˡ

һζˣҲ˵ԼʲôоѾûҵˣǸһ㣬˵仰ھһ㡣
ܹƽȻõģϾ޹СҪһùõġ

һȥڶʱ˲Ż

ֿͬӣҪСЩԤš

ϵЦѹѹͻȻ̾иģСպһЩá
֪γԣҡҡͷûӰأֲĸá

С޵ѿʽҲ࣬ССģͷ

ְӶǣҲʲô鷳⡣

ҪǶˣһһ꣬С޾Ҫˡ
ڰ֣˼ӣһСޣֲҪ棬Ҳ죬ֿɲ

ƷССȦʮϻӶˣ˼ģӾͻˡ

ɫƣ˵ĸ˾˶˫Сӡ
˰·ˣ˫̥ð¾ģҩ̲˽ʮ¡

û뵽һ磬ŻϻӣһΪû̥ʮ¡

ӶˣȻڹŹǰһ⡣ӽ͵

̾˿Ǹˬʵģƽͺá

븮ӻˣʹ˺񣬰ûܾӣǳģҪܾ
һͷЩİڼһ֪ǷϷ׼ģκʱ򶼲з븮ӵġ

СִǼССŮɵ
࣬Ŷϸܡ

ⶼһһ߷ģǰδƵѣȻϲ۾Ͷһԡ
ĲϸѡģϴΣѾʺС޴ˡСƤϸۣܴЩѣϸýϴ

ϣ⼸һע뵽

ǰŰУϼֱϲʤֶԴãŮˣҲûʹͨһ䡣
ĩԸڰԣûи˰һºС޳ˣãպҪӵġӸʲôʱʼιЩʳǸʶˡ

֪߶˿ģǿƲסصģ˯һ

ڻҪ벻÷븮ġ
ְһСϻӷˣˡ

ϲ˲ᣬҲԳһЩӲҧгݵҶõ帣Ҳýˡ

ϣȻȱ֪ЩµˣϵĿⷿû롣
ܽСӵ

ԴӰеϢˣ˵ͷҪֵǵĲƷһ;һ˵⸮ϣְѰţŶҲðѬﵽϸϸѬԺ絽ϧĹϹϣ°ﲻ˳ġ

ʹСӽˣȷʵûõϵλ

ڳ˹̶ʱԺͷȦʱ򶼲߶ˣѰҲˣյ׼˴İ

ʵǸˣȥˣԪٹɣл֮£Ҳ¶ϲ̬
һվɣϲֻֿˣֻǻھЩ˵һļƣҲ˸ҵָԪۡ

ǸʺŰݷõӣƫƫˣһŵѣȲɥǵøϻҲŹ˵ۡ

СƷһЩȦֻ֮
һС־£ԲԲһ˿Ķˡ

˻ͽˣЦͬлˡ
ЦеģһҲǰղ˸ס
ƣӵʱǷƣҪͬ˵˵źá

̬Ⱥƣͬ˻ҳҲٸ˵ˣˡ

Цеͬףд֮ˣָ㿪ã³ã޵ķҲã汾Ľˡ

ȸǸɷˣҪĽˡ

ѽֵĽýĺģһǻģ޴ˡ

ЦЦ˵Щ

ȷʵǸ£ޱԸ벻÷ˣҲ£һѡ
ЦеģϷ˸Сϻӡ

ˣǼԽһߵͶˡòһ죬ԪʬδҲ޿䣬ܸ̾Լ·

ֻһ˵ҲǸӣ׼Щ󸾽ܱܷͷЦӦˡ
ĳϣӭ

ȻǮԽԽãзСϻһԣ˳
²ģΪ˶ĺӣҲҪȥһѵġ

ֻʾˣ˾һȻᣬǸûģܸˡ
˴ɹʶ⡣

ˣ˵˰ϵ顣
濤˲Ц

Цеģйɳζ

ԭЩӰϾûͣǰЩӣ濤Ժ˦⣬ƤףԴһ˹ȥһοɲˣˡ

ֻӣȢˣӣ´ϲ»ͬŮˮݣԭںͷģһϢ̾ͳıӭȢ᰽ˡ

濤ȻԼͰ͵ŻѪϸһŻỹԼݵϵġǰЩڸס˼ʱµġ

ϷС²Ļ濤첲ŤȣѾ޽˰ˣ濤ԭ£аһҲûϢѾδˡ

澪ˣôͳɻˣ
Ǽδء

ҪˡЦʮмĸδ켰񣬵Ҳ˵ùȥ

˿ڲ裬ǸŮ΢ӣȫ׼Żжġ
Ǹӣ벻нյġ

ǺԸãǺϽģ濤ýһĸء


ҹϣͬ˵ҵ顣
ɩɩǧ˸˫ӣ˵ԪˣҪԴ

ԭһСӣһֻ
԰Ѳӷһߣ͵͵𣿡

ء򴽣ͷЩߵҲŲ¡

谵յһü۶º͵ġ
ְ̧գ޾סֱͷ
ôͬһġƽ

֪ˣ˼ϣ磬ϲСӻСӣ

˵ԣ֪뵽ʲôЦЦһֳֻļ绹ϲһЩ

ЦСУԹԵҲǶԵġ
ӴͷóһСЬƴСѩ׵ëһ𣬿ſɰˡ

а꣬ҪˡԴЩġ

СЬӣϵ˵֣Ҫ˵ʲôȻü

ͷѾ룬ıĩٳԿ÷ӣͰѹȥ
Ѿʰöŵسȥˡ

һֱں߱иλÿһһɫѾˡ
˲˵˸ա

Ҳûˣʵ̫ܣģ˯
޾Ͱȥ𣬺ı

Ůͷֱϣûһͳ˯ȥˡ

Լ̫˯ţ˲գͼԴм˯ú

޿һᣬͱ۾ʱ˯š
ҹճһΣԴشͷм䣬죬ɵǲٺˡ

˯һ¾ɢˡ

˿Ű˻ĺ

˰Σ޿ϣɴһҹû˯




86.     Ů룬һʱһ

ڶֱֱ˯ʱ, Ůױ̨ǰͷӴббս
ͨ˵үؾͳ, ǰǵԺȦ

Ƿ, ܽ˯ɫ, ү𣿡
⼸նߵü, ˡ

ҡͷūҲ, 

û˵ʲôѾȥš
ķʳ, һٷͽŸԣԺθڴ, ҲԲ, ʳ

⼸նһ׷, ճȴЩζ, ĥĥСʱ˰뷹
ΪǽյĲʳĲ, ȴЩԥԥ̥ܲͷ, պٳһЩΪá
ȻǰߣȻЩ

ĸ·ݣЦ⻹, СӶû, ͷİɣӶʳȻͷġ

˸ӡӣŶһЩ

ӼҲûȰһҪö, ֻ˵ٳһЩҲԣһնüαǡ

Ϊ˲̻մȾǣԶһͼʳҪʱʱͻȻЩʲô͵ʱ򶼹Ǹ
޾ͽԺһԵСԺ˸СֽмǽԺҲ˼ææؾ˰ʲôһĹҪ͵Ǳ

Խθںˣһ߰˻ʳʱʳʱЩ㣬ܹӭӵĿζǽһЩ
޼Ե𣬾СˣǰԺճ뼷

ǲ֪Щµģ·ݽˣҲأۿԽԽ
ǰЩڶˣ֫ҲȳŸų⣬ʵ˿ǲ˵ģ˹˵ζһһЦͬһС
ǰʵʵؾԼЩˣѶõģĶһأվӣֻջǱһ⡣

ҲǸӣﵹЩϣЩĶһڣ˭ҲƲЩ
Ƕģѩ׵ƤӴӿⷿһһ巿ͣŰʱĳߴ磬ðЩƯ硣

ôһһյţ̥Ҳ࣬ZһΣ׼ģ룬Ǽһ档

ZҲûãרлģ˼丮ϵ飬һ˵ƣ

ZҲɵӣŻƴ󣬸ϵԽ΢ͬϷ֮ˮļơǰϻһͰѷŷһϷû˵ʲôͰѷŽӵԸԺסˡ

Ҳһϻ̳ϿֵعϷˣϱûڸ϶Ūøġ
ZһлͶȥҪǸϻнӣ治ȥġ

ﲻ֪ʲôZײһΣЩõԤС
ԽˣҧгݵģZܾϲ׵طŹ

ֳ󶯾Z˴̽һ֪Ͻ̽ʮǰ顣
Z֪⣬Ҳտ޿Ūƣ

˴ǵճĳｵˣǸϵһϲ£ϺϷŪúϲɫϻίؿ˺üΡ

͵ǸԶһд΢Цغڲ裬ZҲֻ˲һʱ䣬ЩؿŰ

֪Ҫʵˡ

ZһԵķûµ˼̾˿

и飬ͺáZЩִ١
иĽZþܾܾûҪ߰һ

עһЩZֻ˵һ仰

ڰﶼǷƪˣϣԭΪZΪǼˡ

֮ǰ˿ֵֹӣ޺ǷҾĻӦǼĸŵģ֪Ϊαĵˡ
֪ˣǲûҪϵ˼

Żδ㣬⻢ˣû׼Ҫ

ZǰŸߣž˷š
Է˴ݼģѾˣ˵нһմˣԷĵͷһ롣
ѰҪذס

ǽб֪ˣеȫˡ

˵ǹմͬ˽ˣ˵
ûţڳѰ

ﵹǲֹۣܣȻƫƧĵطȥᵽؽ˶ӣ˿ȫˡ
Ҳ֪ףͷģҪƽƽǡ

תֹһ£Ѿʮֽˡ

ݵһһߵϢԪȥˣ̫ӻأʺ󼸺̾ؾǺý̫ӵǻ
ⲻؾܻصġ

ͬ϶ǴŻʺý̫ٵǴ󱦣лʺ뻢ûʲô
ı͹ھǰأ

ʺҲֻܴյһԪߺЩż˵ЧĸˣͲҹȥͶˡ
ʺҹ˯ãԼԪһò׵ģͷˡ

߾ţӻݣԪȥϢһ̾ˣҪǵ䡣

ֱ˾֮·˽֪üζվڻ󣬰˻ˡ˾ǣﻹλá
Ȼƪϭģָв֮ġ

ЦеģϭһƪһƪգŴƵؾ
ֽгϳ˺üգһһͷϸǣ͸ƵģԹԵشű·

˳Ϩ֪ĵûãϲٷˡ



ϣЦ⣬һߣݺҪɲҪΪһʱ֮ôԪĽɽЦ

ߣ۾彣

ʮݣ񾩳ƣ޸ϳȥҪһȥֹˡ
Щͷǰ׻ģȻҪЩĶ

вǿʮķϣ֣ܳҲǰ
鷿ﰲһᣬϿ˿˻δȬ˻;ؿʹ

пһۣſܿƿĿ⡣
ԼĲԱ˭Ǹλӣֹؼʱ̣Ϊв̹ܰԸҰķһߡ

˴˴۾ֵܲͣ㲻Ҿֻ취
ʲôķӡ

ﻹзµıϴȥҲ˱פھ⣬ؽ磬סĲӡ

̾˿еڿһµĺӣЦеģǰЩͬ游ͨţ⺢ӻǵӴ󡣡
游ͬ㷮õĻ£ôӦ

ؾ͸¶ҪԼŮ޸ױıʱܾˣҲһ̬ȡ
ҲϲͲȢģŹɳζ

̾㲻ԸȢеԸȢ㵱շ°
ǲԸȢЩҲòˡ

̧̧֣һ¾Ͱ࣬Ͼûб˵¶ռ˵ģСʳ㻹㣬ҶԲ㡣
ҪȨ͵ЩҪϲԶֻӡ

¶һЩŹԡ

㲻Ҫ𣿡гĬһᣬֱֱؿ
ﻹв£ᶼͷŽż⣬޲ʧؽ硣

ܿĿ⣬ˮЩҪ׵ġ
󲿷ֱȨ֮ڸԼ𰸡

ޱ뿪ˡ
ԶԶؿıӰ΢һģôмһӡ

»ĴǣүҪȴݵЩ
һнһУ˲ˣҪ˾ǡ

ڰ֣һڶʮ꣬ҪȥѪǲֵͣġ
ֻҪھǣް಻סʱǾΧӡ

ԱҪϾͳҲ

ϳլȻҲһЩοһЩ顣
ּԵˣǰʱջݵģ⼸պȻ洺ĸоˡ

ʣҲܸоǰкϢˡ

ŷֱ߶Űֻʹ⼸Ƿͷʢ
ڰ£Ҳڹõûվʹˣһڴ󸾲ǲҪ£ӣǮҲСɽһᡣ

ҲΪĳӣǰհǽǰЩڳϰģĸ󸾳˺٣ȻϸҲҪմմ⡣
ҰڶӻŻ֣˼գһˣʱʶʲ

и˰²ŻϺӵĸˣ׸ĳϱϣ˻š
׸ǸϣڸϵģȨҲģϴξİ˵ðĺá

ϼ޽ҵţ궼δУѾ˲ͶҽʱˣھҽǰǻûϢҪＸͣҩ
ԽԽעƲŪ֮İܻŷ磬ǵǾһˡ

ǸžǿɵĸˣĨôҲڲס˰ˬʴЦúãһҲټ

ͬѼ䣬Լӵģ֪ҪӣֱͬѻˣڽǰͷϲҪϣѹ⡣
˲ҸóƵĴ궼ûϢû⣬ЩҲãʿ𣬺úýǡ

ôЩˣʲôûҲûְֻЦЦұû̫ϣҲطϡ

ȷʵЩⲻȥӣڸЩţǿ

ûܾЦеֻаģһ߶ûģûҪ˵Ķӡ

֪˵ʲôãˣҲȷʵͬ˵ǰ㣬ϵû⡣

ϵЩʧģûپҴȥˡ

ҲǳңСϸţҲˣǺܿġ
Ѳ

ҲЩɵǺܿģ˵кˣǷû⡭ܾǡ
Ƕзˣ򴽣Ҳͬ

ӾһŮ׸ĳҲÿǡ

ǵײԼ飬ѣûҪ
ĿƵϡ

ͷģǷлʵʵĺôղ󣬽ǰ˿߸ߵƷѾǮĴ󸾴Ըգȥˡ

ʲôô½Щ̹ˣ˵Ǯȥ˾û׼ջģû뻹иƷĹҪƵ䡣
˵䲻ģպǻܵǶҲûĻϾⲻʵʵվӣƤһЩ˵Ը°ˣ˭ܰѻͷԸͷϣ

Щ˶úܣʹ̡

Ǽ̬ˣ˳ƾ©Ϣȥųء

ڶվͷһƬͣһҹ֮䣬úˣǰһ߸ߵƷžͿͷء

жа̾Ϊֹ

ֵǼֲ֣ﻹСӵĳ࣬պүܽЩ֪˾͸࣬¶ڷ磬еҪǽء

ԭΪЩǮ֮ѣ˭֪׾Ͱˣмƻɲóˡ
ּЩӦӷһԣľǣͷ˴ͷΪǽأⶼ˾ֺֺүôֻԸġ

Щ᰿ΪԸƴˣλӣʲô˳ġ
УҲ֪ġ
ּЩȥֻ²źá

֪ˣȻҲЩֲƵˡ

հСˣŰݷá

ˣ˵ЩɫĶʱţͷӴ

ڣĸףȻʮˣ·ΡΡģ˳ϡ˸Сģһ˫۾
үүЩ¡СӣӰ۽ǣϴͽˣҸĸ˫һϲˣڸҲԸҵġ

һüëңһүֱĸˣԸô󷽵壬үȢŲǸǶʸ֮٣үһȥ

ֱ·ģһֱӾǲޡ

˰ͬӵĻһѧǰԺ̾͵Ϣ
˱˰ԺͷȥǰԺ

˻ᣬֻ֡
˵Ҫ𣿡ʽЩѡ

ֲŲ˵»ӵ飬ֻЦеү뵽ǰԺȥˣдҪ

ֻֻ˳ãҲü
˾˵Ҳߵľˣ᲻ġ

ʲôأ˸ǷҪҲȥޡ

⼸ָ˸ϣ̫ӸǰЩ棬үҲŲϺŵģ⡣

ֶ˵ˣҲϣת˱ġ
ϾһʮҪӣҪˡ

ԭ׼˽һ˭֪ͻȻ˸Сޣ˫ӵˣȻˡҲãڷЩţһЩĻš
ǰշ˸ɰһԸŽţаԸһһ߶ȥˣֻ÷²ĥˡ

ЩʲôأЩ
Ů룬һʱһʱҲ֪ʲô³̡

Ǳߵķͬӱ뵽ǰԺߣһҲ֪ԼӴˡ
ȻǽͷҲҪסүǸʲôλãⲻһ

޵ͷдʲôսȥ

⼸ճϵķ˲Ϣб仯޵ƾıȨ˵ûʲôʤģıݣ;ǻռϷġ
˲ƫ壬ȻȥˣǰļƻȫҪġ

һƬԪϲҰѿأ֮ӶͲ򵥣˳ҲѹôڳûʦŸʹҪĸʦҲû·þǶľ֧սսС٣гͷˡ

ԬܴһɱбɹǶռʦĶ磬ʹҲǲܴģο˶ȡʦŮ˺ޱظ

ͷʮĻۣϸѳӣϳμͬմߡ
Ǵһ㣬Чۿɼ

̧ͷһۣ˽´ɡ

֪ޱȫԼ棬޹ֲųš

ϲǸȰˣҲûȰƭ˹ؼˣӡ

û뵽Լ˻ˣȴ޵涼ϣһʱ㣬ӵؿ

ڷһԿӦһ˦ӽݡ

һȻΪ棬ϸֶܷǰ²ɵģúᡣ
뾡ҲҪΪٻˣڻƭӵͷϡ

һʱ棬Ǹ˵ˣ仰ôպҲްˣСͲˡ

Цһ˰ץҿ㴦ĻҪΪȡϵĻܣ֪Ƿ˺˵
˰Ͷȥóˡ

ⳡ棬ŵûʧɫɤӽеģ
֣ͣƳһۣͬʲôϵ

ģӣҵģǸҶңĲģ




87.  Ӧ   ׽

嵽, һͲΪˡ

üëһ壬֤һ, Ǹ˵ЩһŪ¹, ¹ٱز˹ġ

ӷż˵ľ, ضڴ, ģġ
ĸƨ, һǵģһǰһġ

û˵ʲô, ԭ׼Ȱӹص᷿ȥģ, ˴һȥԺӡ

⼸սް˲, ÿմŽڳѲ, Ȼһȥǰ, Ǻô˸͸ĻᣬȥĻͦ˵ġ
ĸͬޱʱ, ˵, ֮˸ʱĲ¡

ݣŮ⣬ǰͦðֱ, Ľëһ˫ں۾, һؿš
Ҳҳǿ˿һʱ䡣

˾ֿһ飬ѾʼͷˣǿƵֿһ顣

иա
ֵʱһźɫȹС, ھ¥¥İųĶñڶ¥λãһ̧ͷܿԲԲñӡ
ʵ⣬ЩӳȷʵעЩͬȥʱ򣬰Ҳ

ǽ巸Ĳʵһ۾ϳСӣմϽϻץˡ
ÿʱҪǾ¥ţʱֵһŴӾ¥߹ߵŮͻŸʳ

ģ廳һ;ͲˣһԵĸȿʼţ֪ΪҲˡ

ʳǸϸű˵ģܹԣҪҸĶͲԣʳ˰£һڶûԹ
Ӻ֪£ÿոͣÿ߹Ĭ£һԾͻи৵ش򿪡

գգ۾ͷȥ

ǽһûʳˣСӸ˷š
岻֪ΪûڴϿ飬һڷ￴

ӵдúܼ򵥣Щ׻ˣŮдŵϰߡ
⼸ʲôʱ򵱲ɵϡ

Ҳúɡ
ſͷһԵģǴΪ峤ߣѾˣҲ֪ûлٳһЩνýݸ߸ߵģ˵ԼԶԶһ۾ܿԺźźԼûѧ书
ʳòóԣѲǲҪ̫ˡ

ǾͲûˡ
ãҲֻһ䣬д泤ػܳһЩġ

ʱܼˣʱٰŻ

ʱհд꣬ߡ
֪ΪʲôţӺɫȹڡ

ӣɻǵӣ幰֣Сһ

ſڵϣһ˫ӯӯһ廹һ¡
øߴʣɫĳۣӵ䵭էһǸǸĹӡ

ԭ˵Ƕ˶磬½
ӼǸҩӵɵӲǣͰ͵ظ󣬽ʤ
һôһҲǸģˣѲǺˡ

ðЩ

Ůأһ˿òζĬؿһᡣ
ӼԼ벻һסġ

ͻȻü벻һʲô

һıˣӣǲʶ¹پͰˡ

ͷҡҡͷʶǲ

һ㶣һĨЩӲЦ磬½Ҹպˣֵģϲˣ㲻ǵ𡣡
˵󣬼ڿˡ

벻ףԼͬֵܶо飬ʲôҲûô³
ŮҧҧЩ˶ɥĵġʱպ˵͵˾ǣǾռûˣһ޸ĸĹŮȥĶӣӹúἫˡ
ΪȺˣôǸټС㣬ˣ

һ٣ü·Щʲô

Ϊˣεؿ

˭֪ȴ̧ܿͷһӻˣ̫ǵˡ

ӻһ׻

СʱĻ

ԺȻϵĸ֪ԺҡҡͷҲǸ಻ġ
ˣƲϵˡ

ѿ޿䷢һӴȥǸرˣЩ̹
ԹɫҲӺù

΢΢¡ĶӣźһЩеϢ𣿡
ԴԺ󣬰Ҳû߹Ͼ鶨˾һӣȷʵҪǡ

ǰմӰͰ͵ھ¥ߵѾܽǰǰ˰ˡ
һձԺЩĵģüëԷ㣬Ȼǿóġ

ڵЩᵽŮ̬ˣóԺúȵţƭΪ񣬻󿪷֮š

ⷬҲúЦһˣ˵ɸŮˣվǴӳԿһЩ
Ǵ棬ŶЩ
ԺȫעϣĥôһЩҲٰˡ񲻹Σȥ˵£Ҳ̫ͬˡհĻ˵˭ǻᰲշġ

УͬŮʱЩһĵطЩݵ֢״

ĸˣ׺ĶƤ¡ʱĶӣĬؿܾá

наôѰԵϸţǰЩӻʱʱЩθģЩˣҲӦˡ
ǲ֪ӺʱʼǰЩܡ
˵һֹ͸Уۣʱʱһ˺ܷꡣ

ˣ˵û£ӦˣӦ
ʵڲϲĸоӲ˵ʵһ¡

Լ˽»ãŲߣŮ֧ȥѽ⿪һ룬˵ǲãǰȷʵһЩ

·ԽԽ󣬾ͺһ˵ʱˣǾԲ˼޵½ģ¡
ͻȻæÿֻҹޣ춼ǰԺ鷿

˿ֻæʱݵ֢״Ҳתˡ

תֹȥС£ûҵУǱ߼һһŵ߼ģǿҪˣҪ΢͸ϵˡ
鱾Խ֪ԽõģǰҲˣֻ컹ûнֻˡ

޲֪ôŵģһվнˡ
ԭھͷ

Ǹͬһ½ͬڣסھǱһլԺ

Щ죬޿üѣֱӸˣĶӡ

Ȼӣ½ͬͣ½ͬڣ깬綼ǡֻעҲûʲôദԲŲ̫ǵá

Щ벻ףôϹϵġ
ڱߣߣúֹǧ

޼ʵں棬ͣ룬½ͬиҵġ

½ͬƣݲͬǿɵֳȫһԸѲסи޹̡ܽ

޾͵ţ½ͬеĵطǲز˵ãҲ

ͽ˵ϴ򣬴½ͬڹǺ˼أһСҪɡ

½ͬһʿ׵Ƥӣ˵˻˵޾Ūĵ츳ɴͰɵݣҪûˣԪȥ˲Ű

õͷ½ͬڶΣҪС
ϼһ棬˵ʲôҲԸ⣬ǧͬĸ˵¡

ɲм䣬ο׵סһӼУýƸպиʲô׵ģˡ
ǰʱ䣬ǲԷ˼ţֻܰȥˡ

վ޵ѵһᡣ
޻ûߣڴͷ顣
˾Ͱһߣ˯˯

˸޾ʹͷ
ˣײֻаϵ⣬ͷ

һشˡ
մһɫĹ䳤ۣƣǶ񻷣øߣɫӳĵԽʣһ˴ζ

ױͷзȥһ١

޳Ÿ첲ϣĿ⾲ͣڰϡ

ʵֵһ졣
һ绹ʱ񣬸ϲԤ죬˲ͣؾ࣬ҲСɽһ

Ҳְˣʱһ˾һţԬҲϯЩµĸоʲôѹס뽲˼һ˽ĸ˵Ļϲ壬Ҳ̲סϯȻͼˣҲֵġ

һԿĨĨᣬպСӳˣǾˣֵ龰
Ҳֵӣ˵Ժ붼

磬Ժ˾Ͷˣ޾ŰСһᡣ
ʱԵɵɿЩϲҪڼһ𣿡

룬˵ǰɡ

򴽣Ҳ׷ʣ۵

޴Ǻԣеû˵Сʱ࣬ôҲֹס˾ιѡ

ͷûһأؿھ͹Ĺ͵

ԭûֵģʱʱüﲻ

˵ڣĲӣһֻشϣҺõúܣҿһᡣ

ް§ˡ

ûһᣬؿڣСϣ粻˵

һֵͷһۡ
С۱ˣܿƿĿ⡣



һᣬѴˡ

޷齣ͻȻŶ˻һ

ֵŵϣȥӣźü
Ūˣ˿Щ׵

ѾĸˣȴԵиһЩüŶӣ·ܵӡ
С˵ģ˵ҲУ˵͸ˣ˰ֻһۣ

޴齱߳˸ţһôˡ

ǶۡҧҧͻȻöеʹ
ǳסһ㣬һһʹ

޸ҪĴӣڿϣϳ˲ϸʲô
ӿҪˡ

޾ͣĶһĶͷƽϣ˺ູܶ

֪ԼôˣǹʹͻȻʧˣɫһ¾ͺ˺ܶࡣ

úܿ죬ѾǶľսĸŽ³ʲô⣬ҲˣһƤƵһ

һԣ۾ʱʱ塣

˿һʱ䣬ﾲõüһԵķ˴Ҵ

ԭûʲôģϾҲôһ£εʱ䳤ˣҲ㷵ģԼŲ޺ʱЩûע⣬Ť˰ɣҲûŶѽ

˺һᣬӲüһɣ˰

ް룬ϴȻǻ˫ӣӳÿһЩ

ȻعǸǵģƽɻҪעʲô

˫ƽиҲûʲôġӽм˶Ҫţôھô

Ѿ߷˵ֲͷĻ
Ծ̲סϲģֱ˵Ҫ׼ˣҪڶˡ

Ըûʲôо룬Ҽȷʵкü˫ӣͳġ

ֽ˼ͬһȥˣԤѧЩҩŸӡ
ѾҲʶȤ£ý˵Щ˽

ϣСѣǻϲǳģϲСҲϲСӣҪһʡ¸öѽ
žЦˣԼҲԼЩ쿪ˣ˫̥ףҪ̥ء

޿Űϲûʲôϲζ
֪뵽ʲôӢüѵԳֽ꣬Ǻܿȥˡ

û˵ʲôģֻ۾Űȹ˺Լ

һᣬͻȻס֣ز£ȥ
粻ҪģҺء

ǲ˵ˣذһļ˵գϧĶͷ

죬ûһֱŰ

ҹʱˣԬ˴ϢذΧ˾ǡ

һ˾ǵֱֱֵʹȥ

˳츮ǰƤı죬һȾѪ״ʱݵİϡ

ôǼңѪù֮һӵС״ֱָѹͨУŪȨ״в֮ģݵĴǰˣʧݣǧ´ʣ𾪳Ұ

һнѸٴŴ󵶰Χ˰Լ븮ҹ˼ʣϽ

ţݡ븮ѳ֤Ҳ͵ǰ֤䲻żɡԼһЩɢ֤

ͬʱǰ죬Ϊ⸴ܣ壬ǰΧ
±⧲̾ҪѺࡣ

ǽϣһҹ֮´䡣





88.     ޽аҪ

ڶ, Ͼͳһ࣬ΧƵĻⲻ֮¡

Ҫ˵ԪƬϣʳ, ֪ҪͬԪ, Ͷȥӵʤ

ԭʵڴԪĸ, Ҫһ, мŸС
ܹ٣Ҳóս, ҲŮȫսҪ˾, ɧӶСΪ

ٶǰܳʱ̲ǸС, ڵرʷĵĴ, μ򵽴, ϳȥˡ
ҪܵĲ, žͿʼƬչ˳Ｘ죬ÿ궼Ҫ, ʱǸһһ, ʱͻȻлս֮ƻʮѲ

ЩԪиһЩͽս׳󣬵ǰǿˡ
Ȼ, Ȼֵø², Ϣһ˵٣ﶼһ⡣

ҹͽϣһ永˶Ѻ, ʱҹ޳֤ڴϴ

кüⰲͬżزϣ漰˴Ԫʮľ񣬰ǰݵͣʿȵɡ

ɫٷ˿˦˦ڣ˰Ҿ콫֤ϵܣ֤֤ڣΣѰֻؽһ˰ﴦãǰƽҾ֣
¹عݲðӣ

ʱʱ߾ĵġ
һʱһµˣ׸֤Ƥֱϣ֪֤м٣˵ٵһͲ㣡

˰̧̧࣬¹Ծʵƽ˽ԹЩ֤ף¹ԣԸܼ֮

ϵĴǴʱ˵ˣ㿴ңҿ㣬Ҳͷ

һԵĴ룬ҲУǰŹ£ҲǵĻŴھ⣬ҵ䶼̰֮³ϻȹѹء
ڳǸôˣôվ˲˵ۡ

Ȳ˵ʲôģ⽨󲿷ֳӶԸġ
ҲǷ̰һһŶܰǵˣ̰Щġ

׸üͷͬڸλϳ

һ˱ѹڸУԺǰ˰أҪ̲飬˴

ԺͷŭЦ

ʱҵ䣬ůЩ˵ԼҲҰȻʮûܹĴˡ
ͬһЩܻؾĽʿסˣ˳츮˶Ժᣬ͵ȥΪһ֤

ϵ˻δãڴϣɫܲÿ
СսսСϣǿһЦү𼱣Ҹ׶ȵġ

һۣСϾǿЦ˰ӡ
ģǵķ˰᷿ȥˡ

ʵ֮
Ҳ˵뾩жԶүһˣôʱۏˮǽӵϢҲڳıƲϵ

û뵽޻ɱôһǹȥݱ𣬷䲻ش˾ǵ⡣

Щƣ񰵳λȨأվǸѾӽĺͨ˰ˡ
꼸ʮ߹ڵûлңʮ򶨡

ΣĴӪҲסܴ͢
Ѽ֤״Ҳ֮ƽϢԺ󣬲һգݽƽ

̣벻

ҲԼԺûʲôдһɵĹӽ˽彣°Ժǰͬŵ˵

ڻûۣЩǵ̬ɺܹżϣʶعд

н⼸üۼɢࡣ
һСΣҪţ֧ڵϣһ㣬ѹˣ

ʱͷֵ÷зѹͨУôҽĻ

黹ûأñҲûȥ˭Ҳ˵λĶӡ
ֻй֣ڳƲ֪

ҲûŴһСĿ֪۾Ժǰߵ
һᣬ˺Цһ

һԵĿһۣҴ

һǷ޲ˣҲ磬նͬͺһֱţ˯ò̤ʵ
֪ҹͳˡ

ĪЩʲô飬ǿЩʳ
ϣͷһۣ

һ㶣һ¾ˡ

ҹ˵ˣҪ£аҪ£ͺˡ
׼ʵģͷԽԽ࣬ûס

Ҳһҹû˯ţʾҲ
үźˣϹְأĪҪģ˽ͺˡ

ɴˣͷĶôһ£һֱ⿴

Ҫ죬аҪţԼȴŵģʱʱɴֱð

һ˶زؼʮ꣬ߣǻþõˡ
ߵһһȥһһ뿪ѾûʲôˣʲôʱܹģصǸûصλȥ
ЩѱһӣҲܰϢˡ

ȻѾ֪ˣԽԺӵķ壬˵˵Ҳùһ˸Ϲ¡

ԬҲԺӣЦеؿŷ塣
ϲʱӦͬļĻ£ҲǼиƤ࣬պ˲˵ģô̹һЩ

Щܲסˣ΢΢ӣͬߵ

ϾͶ˺üѲߵˣ˸ʾֻ׼׼
͢Ҳûţͬѹͨе鴫÷зҡһǰ̫ӵŹ£ھߣʱпƳǶ롣
Ļ̻̣˵Ǹꡣ

ϳþûͣͬиϵȫժñ͵֤ݰǰˣ˻ǿʽƱ磬֮ȫȥһ⡣

Ҳ䲻徲ʼżݵ

ǸҹؾСԳԽĶӣһֽ״ֽȥҲڴ
ԣ˹ͷͣݲѮҪʧء
ԽͬҲʮ׽ĹϵȺǰ仰Ҳ˵һ͸ŷˡ

ѹˡ

Ⱥס˲ѹ˵ǻľ֣ҪųȥϽȥݸְһãʧأǿǻ֮ˡ
ֻΣǶҪΣˡ

Цһ֤ݶǰ嶤飬Ǽٵģ

˲ͬܣ˵ҲðݵĻʺ̫ͬӭؾǣһ޾ȺױȻҡ

ҪͬǰĻ˵飬ý̫ӻǻ

˱첱Ӵ֣һ˦ۣյذβ˵

Ǹˣѹͨе֤Ⱥأǰս³ԽҲһ̵󲻵õġŴܵĴ찲ڳ⣬˼Ȼûǲû
ǰǺл֮ء

廹糯ʱ龰ѵõվһΣȻҲˡ

ͻȻüЩ״ΪôöظˣʱǾڱӣֻΪʱվӡ

ҲΧסˣЩ𾪡

СŶͬ游Ĺ³ģ飬Ԫ˹ƶ֪븮ڻӰµʥּϷʮְϧѰó

ͷǣ˵Ǹϵķͬ˹ᣬǣһЩڻڲأ˾Ųʮ

ﲻ֪ʲôоβҡҡͷȻˡ
˿Ź²֪ʲôණ

ǵһСլԺϽסֽŶڵϡ

йã㲵ʮ꣬ԭѾʮˣʱհԼĥǸһ㡣
Щؿߵˣ˺ðβ۾ЩɵǺ̫ӵĶӡ

ЦЦ鿴ӣͷá

̫ٻòףʮû¹

ݵˣôͻȻֱֱȥ˻ݣôһ춼ûסһͺʬҰ⡣

ͬƾһս£û˹עǰ̫βģǻʬǶൽ޴δõġ
ȴܷ¡

һ˫У޵Щ壬㲻ǸӡȻиӡ

޴üһֽдʲôд˾ͽø

ϳһŵͷֽ

ûһᣬϾʹ̧ͷޣЩŵô֪ġ

ʵܺò顣

ʧʮ꣬Զһݸʮһ©ܶ㵽ȥݾһԵˡ
ݵǷҵľɲǡ

عʮ꣬ǻºۼģִ˽˴Ԫȥ˽ϣڽ϶˺ü꣬ԻܸżˣֻҪϸϸز飬֪ʲôǿԵġ

޿αϣ۾룬ƽŲŮ
˵ǷŮ

ϲ˵ˣֿһֽƺ˭Щ񣬡ôˣ

޴һᣬüۼûʲôһģȽɡ

Ϲòſ˵

浱ǸСһݾ˸ˡ
ЩˣŻϵǹ˱ݳһ֪λ͡
ʱ治ǸС٣үֱΪıϵ

ǸеˣԸһӸ𣬳ʱҲͬһ

ȷֻ׹ϵΪ˶ĿɴԺʱʱ׵ϢȷʵһЩεطɿ졣
ʱˣҲʲôõϢֻǿһЩԪණҲòµϢ

ǵ󣬷ǵûмþգذθˡ

ǰ߷˻ȥɴͬԷԪǱ͸ϢܱȻԪռЩߣúô
أҲֻš

̶һ꣬ȵ

ʱԪۻոյǻãݾһ̣ҹ£ﶼֻС˲ܰġ

ϣǴͨһԪƣͬ˻һֲ

̫ΪԮ֪˵ĵǳġ

̫ȥˣԪҲģҪնݳһնɱ顣

˱ӦԻһսûþݣԪΪԼѺ̫ӵĶҩˣתͷͬƲϵҪɱڣȻֻˡ

ʮ»̥˶̥ĸ⣬ڷңҪҲֻܴһ֮£ֻܰѷˡ

ϽˣﰲһᣬͻȻ˫ǲǷĺӡ

ϹһҡҡͷЩˣ۾ֻȨƴ
ȨλһУŮ°ϵķӣֻаµʱ
ҶͬûκιϵҪҲҪǣҧҧŮ

ޱؿŴ⣬ûʲôӦ
һһһѳ˵ÿһֶ

ֱֱؿޣҲܷвȣҲδʲô캦飬ҪҲֲҶͷȥ˵ѾҶôˣ

Ԫ·һгϵĶӣԪѺݡ

û֤ʶдˣʾѳϴȥ

ϵüȥʱ޲ãƴؽӵ֣ʮ

޲Ӱ죬һᣬ˽˰״ͻ

ӵ״ʵʱţлͣͷɭϵֻӬɲЩ˼ģ״ҲϨ˻
ıо⼸Ҳǳ׵׵ƫ˻Ȼʹӡ

Ǵ࣬ڼ״ʱѾõĲˣȻûθڳˡ

״ϸϸһﲻ֪ʲôζ
ŲǷŮ

ô᲻أüϸϸһ룬Щˡ

ų˲һ˫ϸĵƤ˴ӷС˫ƤŸӲߣ彭Ϲʱͱ߰ԴҸǸģŷɫƫƣûķɫ

ʲôأ𴦴ƫ̻ϷˣЩЦҡҡͷ

״ʱϵġ
׼ηһˣֻһ׷һ£ˣæҷҲûҪҪаרȥԸ

ܽзŲùˡ

û뵽ʱ졣



ҹȻһȺ崺ĽкҲͳȥңһҪҵģ

Ϸ˾ˣɫ࣬Ѿͽʥּ

ͷ˼״ЦһϷ˹֣Ϸ˲ҪΪ¹٣ⶼͷԸġ
Ե޹ʵأ˭ԸЩ˵顣

Ϸ˽иϵļҶԺǰ˰ȣŮԺӣԵ޹ʵأһȺ˽һСӵԺӣǺξģ

СɫҲЩãϷ˿ɲҪտ˵ȥŮ
˵գʹķ򹰹֣¹ҲǷͷҶӹ¹Ѳ֤

Ϸ˷·ʲôŵĶֶڶ⽫ɲһת飬Ȼûٽȥ

С̧̧֣ĥ䣬ȥѣ

ͷ̴˷ŵļϷ˱ҧû˵⽫˰ѷסֳ˳
Ǻ⣿

⽫쳹û˺ɫźһŷ⣬߾Ϸˣ˵Ǻ⣿

ڸ˽һʱִӷǰ鷿ѳЩŪ˻ȥ

һֱһԿţű˲ЦЦû֣ԼͰԼһˡ

Zһֱû¶棬ⶼƽְˣֱӵʱֻ¡

ϷؿڽʹɫǻһĨɫһԵּɫɺתףؿڡ

ţۿȻʪˣݺһץߵʱ㵽侲ĺܣ

Ϸ˽⻰Ĺָһᣬ֪ΪϻΪţһʱûһͷ˹ȥ
ϻأϷεˣһңдĽдؿڵؿڡ

ҲŵòᣬΪԼϷˡ

Ϸǻ˹۾ûͽŷŵ֡

ǷΨһãϷηŵ£̹һЩ˾æǲȥ˷Z

⹴һ£ᣡϷϿһ˫֦һסZ֣ݺȥ취һҪŽȳ
Ϸ˲ǻţֶڶںʲôһ

ZֻþƣЩֳѾеİˣڳ⵵£ZȻһ㶼þȡ
Щ֤ǼٵģȥҲܸһѵ
Ž£㣬ӣ͸Щܽˡ

Z֪뵽ʲôЩͳģҲӦãȥʲôء
ѹ⼸صˡ

Ϸ˳Ĭһᣬһ˲࣬ΨһŮ嵱սƴнģ
Ϸ˵ţȰZȰԼ

Ϸ˹߳һ仰ZȴȥˣҲһ׵ġ
ӷ鷿ߵԺ˶

Ϸǽ˲βͣס죬װףΪģ
Ϸ϶

ⱲľɷͬӣһӢҫݲ˵Ļġ

Zƿ֣ЩʧֻжϲĶӣТģҲòء
Ѿ겻ˣҲֻСסգĸ̫ƫˡ

Z˵뿪ˣһȺ

Ϸһϣﶼǲ֨ˣյģһӡ
ʱҲڼֵģ겻ңɽˮ
Ӿ࣬ԼҲ׽

Ӣˬʵž˷Ϸ߬ķ顣
ʥּڰǰɫ

ϷԭЩԥּᶨĶģҪġ

ΣǷΨһãܳ£Ҳǣס
Ϸ˼Ҫѷ߬ˣ÷븮ͨе

Ϸ룬̱ϣͻȻЩãȻ
ԼȻҲһ˵ˡ

ҵҲˣԶݱ޳Ī

Ϸ˿˿ķ飬һĻҴӡ




89.  ĳ   ǣΪԪ

Σ, 󲻵á
糯һֱʱɢˣǱҪԲ߳

ǰս³ԽһҲϵ, иȥǰͳ

ⲻƤһ, ɸȥеġ
ݽפ˼ʮ, ̸ڵ, ˮȾǶȥ˲˵, ԸԴܱܲסһ
˵˵ȥԸʡ˲˵, óȻǰȥԷڣЧ

ѹ֤ڴء
Ҳǹ, ҹһ, ʱ˭š

, ͬԪӵ, ŴԪʮʿڱ߽˼ʮĴ󽫡
ǰƼʮ꣬ǰĴ󹦳, ĳʤ, ˭ĴָΪ˴ԪŽʿսķƽ

ƫƫ֤ɽ
ż˺һͿʼ, ʱԪûء

׮׮ѹһ, Ķһ

ЩһСݾô, ȥȥľǴߣѱĹơ

лǣ˰ͬ͹Ľ죬зҵ֤Ҳ٣ŷ棬ǸСˡүǰֱôҲ벻ԸĶô֡

ǳһܲһ̯ӵ͡

鵽ֹסˡ
۵Ķ֪²ˣٲ飬Ҫ鵽ȥˣԪӵӶҪ⡣

ھڳҪҪ
Ҫ涨ˣָô죿Ҫǲкϣ

˵ЩʲôҪﴦйУ񣬺ϸһ⣬ӷͬοͷگ뾩񻹷޿⣡
ٺôڱ߹ζס죬һ÷ϳţΪˣ

ǲϼӴЧȣպָηڣ
ϲ⣬ȥΣڷŻɽ˭ܱ֤˷ڹ£ͬ˹᣿

һϳɫһڣվߵģҲĻЩ֤ﻹ֪Ǽ٣δ̫ļˣЩϹᣬΪ˴Ԫ˼ʮݣ񼸷ţ֪׵Сܶ
δ⺮սʿǵģ

ϳɫֱ˰ͷϾ˾٣ݳԽ֮ǻһףĪ˹ģ

أЩҲ֪ǲԸġ

Цһ۽Ƴ֪٣ָһ֤¹̶ñ磬ԣ
Ⱥһֱؾᣬڿ벻ͬ˹ᣬ

ؼ볯̫͢ˣﶼˣȥ˾Ͳ֪˵ĵӣԼ˵ĵӣͶö

վϳ˳һʷ
ʷһǴһֽ״ݵȥʮ˭ţֻ⳯˭Ըȥݣ
ƸӣѹΪǽݿ˾ǣ˵ָӡ

⻰һ˵ֳԭϢĵֿʼ궯üǸմӴ±ģͲ£Ҫݡ

Щûйˣ˵һҲǶ֪һģⷬţԼȵĴˣŽз粨ƽȡ
⼸˻ڲ񣬾ŭЦǳԶ˴ԪûбĿõĽˡ
׸վףšü˵ڳЩʲô

һȦô˹ĵĴ󳼣ᶼ첱Ӵ֡
ͻȻһԵ˾㶼˵Ȼ죬ûá

ޱ飬һذȺѣ˿ɻſء
ⳳ˭ȥݣܰȵس˵ɡ

ǰԭľţ˿̴Žգˡ

һֵĴбھǰС۴֣Ľз紵

פǰĬذΧžǣ벻ס

ȺʿϴſףıһҲ¡
ʱ׼ļƽоҹиǽѲߵ˶һ

Ԭ˴Ӫ۾˿Զ
һԵĸٵһţԬ˲𿪿Цһʱˣ˿ʼ

ϢһһشȥԭԭĴѸٿʼװϣоսսġ
ǰ󲻵һӣһСɤþǵĴš

ûһᣬһ⼱گ˳ãȺһը˹

ͷ˴˿ţܽһ仰
ʱ֮ǰҪϽȥĴȣдԸ˳ǰӡ

Ǵţ֪ͨ
Ҫĳ

ʷ÷⻴ǰ񾹸˿ڳԣ£¡
ʲôأ
˵ʷȭͷˣ⻴ûʲôµġ

ﳳһᣬ
˵ʵ󲿷ֶǱԪõģԪ۵ֻôˣҲǲðͷ

ﻹͬǰЩϵľɳѾеɶݵˡ

ǰѾǼǰˣȻ˾Զ֮վӡ
ǰŷƪʮأﲻʹһЩϳҲǰĳӡ

ʷЩ˶Ĭԣﻹв׵ģɵɴ۾̧־ָҪѹ

һԱ֣Цеģʲôѹʷ֤𣿡

ϣȥ鷿

⸮˵ǱˣҲҪȥԥһᣬһСӸ׼ȥˡ

кط鷿ܴѾ˷ҹˣһЩĶضڵϣǱ˴ٹһ

ǲҽʰͷһֱģ

µϢˣдԵؿ˿ַ˼顣
ҲʲôõĶûжͣԼԺӣҪԼļš

ԥһᣬȥͷʾϼ˵ԡ
һҪһԵǵ˺š

Ǽˣˣлû˵ֻÿҲͷԸģҲû취ǡ

û˵ͽдˣЦЦº͵ӡ
û£Ҳʲô˵顣

ûٶ˵ȥеĲ

ʳϵ٣˵ʧԺ˵ͷû˵ʲô
˻ᣬͬҵĹϵߵõ£᲻Ϊʲô㶼ʵʵ˵һһˡ

һԵֽʣһһؼ

ĹԺˡ

СʱѾպˡ
£ϰɷ򵱳죬˵̣ǴԪĴӢۡ

ʱСΪʲôǲؼҡ
Ͼ̾˵ˣҪԪ벻õġ

ϾǸӢһǿЦ˵ҪӭȢԼãΪҪȥ

ڷϿУϸñһأϺ˵ģֻҪͬһоһҪ߶

Ǹз˵ˣЩʱҲһ޷ԽĿֻŸСԼҲһһˡ

дδ˿ôĸо˿⣬Ųˡ

һӰһһֱͷʱ޿̲ſˣˡ

ˡ

ǸͨͨѬģѷޣѹҲóģСˡ

ͷ۾αϣͻȻƣһˣһֿɳܵˡ

һԻ˵ţСؽкһ۾

ΪϸеֵҲԼЩЦ

ã彣Ҫһ档

ͬ˵õϢҪϼҲš
ϼ޵ˣµеͼû˽Ժţѳ˸еı

вֻ˭ˡ

оʹŽԺӡ

һŮɽ˴£˵ȥǻߵ顣

ϴͬŪ˴ӣҲֻǴ½̲ˣﷸҲнһµġ

ȥˣˣȻҲûʲôˣβһպٶˣЩϽĵ˼ңܸǲȢŮɵġ

ϷôЩ굽Ǽģ֪²ܴȥ˲ţԺͽиϵ˶죬¡
ʵ񾩳ﴦУؾ˶˷ңű´ߵסϷټ֪ټ֪
ѷžȻˣҸ˼Ұ޳ȥպδôҲˡ

ϷȻΪſǵʮܵˡ

ϷԼĺѣͷ̵룬ִŹȾ

ּɫЩף﷢ᣬҲҪ˼˼Ըӣû£Ըˡ

Ϸתķ飬Ƥӣ񣬡¡
ʵЩˣһֻּʶڷ
Ϸ˻ѣͷ·Լ˸ܣеĴڸסˣϻָӲ

ֲȰۼʻ﷢ࡣ
Ըæأ

ֻϡϡˣŴͣѲߵ
ܿ͵˻ϱŻ׵ĽʿʵʵذΧš

ֽŮȥӣǰǵֻһԵĽֽǴš
ϷȻʮûĴˣ۾ĵӡ

ӵ˽ȥûϢˣʱʱƿ⿴ǲˣҲȰϷ˻ȥ
СʱиɫԽ󳤰Ѿ߳ˡ

ԭԸģϷʱ౾ʲô¡
ǰ״ֽЩһ˽Ҳá

ǽȶܼˣ⼸ѾЩˣҲûԶŮϷ˴һԺá

λϷ˽ַףＸѾվڱϡ

Ϸ˻ΡΡظ밲΢΢ӣ̹Ȼ˰
촩˼ɫĳۣ˵ϲӣϸôЩɫ˼֦硣򵥣һӺݻʡ
ӱһиҪһЩҲԶҲ󲻵ȥһ

̶̼²Ϸ˾ԼЩʶŻʳŮˡ
˿ڲβ裬ȿǻϷкҪ£ţ

ϷĿϣʵҪ˰ɣ

˸ӣ˵ĸ¡

Ϸ۾񣬿һᣬٶ˵ʲôֻǲסתķ顣

Ұæֻ˵ż򵥡
ϴ˷ֿʱֵòÿϷƫ̻ţֹͬɻ飬Ϊ˷
Ϸ˻һӣǿģҪͷɱܡ

뵽ţϷ˱˱۾ƽԲס㡣

ĪֻЦЦϷˣлֱԱǡ
Ȼ̬䵭ҲͬϷ˴˾ԼͬϷӦûʲôԵġ

Ϸһһµתķ飬˵ֱӵϷΪŵǸģǴɲصҵʱ䡣

⻰˵ô̶Ϸ˳ĬһᣬЩӲ˵˷š
дµץȥˣǸͿӣͬЩ³ϹϵһЩ顭

飿ڰִΨһľ۹ʮ˿
ںǲûƽϡ

ϷɫһЩ񡭡Ŀ
վᶼҪˣϷⱲӸǿû˭۹οǸС˺

ƽ޲Ϸˣ񱾹յġ

ɲҲңôĿŷ𣿡
Ϸһ߬ŷ飬

̬ҡҡͷȷʵʮ꣬ǣǷͬйᣬӦãϸˣ˵ܾܲȣҪصش
ѹ·ߵ

޹ģҲϷŴ£Ȼỹһס

˵ŻüұûκιϵˣϷպǻǲġ

˵Ϸ˺ǸŴݡ
Ϸ˼ʮûĻˣڷƤһƤ鶯£鶼ղסˡ

ǻ˭»Ž飬һ仰ܾһպԸĹ£ҲŸ
ϷǿЦ

ЩЦ⵹ˣҲԭҲҪǸ

Ϸ˳ĬһᣬɫͻȻñǺ⡣
ҪǶȥˣ

ϷﻹЩʧضŰΪβԭһΣοĻ

ǻ˵ˣƤӶûһ¡
֪ˣϷֻҪһϷţʱʲôԭûеġ

һԵķȭͷЩ̲סҪ
Щ¶ͷϵģ

ðĿպܿࣿ

ͷʵ뱾ûκιϵǷģҪ

⻰˵ýϷһ¾ˡ
ϷͻȻҪд
ӲΡΡģҧҪڰǰ¡

Ϸݺᣬһ˲ʮ꣬ⱲӣҲΪ۹档

ҡҡͷϷѾЩħˣϷˣ˵ˣǱ̲ģԼЩӲ˵ĸܣĴͬûκιϵ

һԵķʱضһ̧̧̣֣Ͷ˵Ϸǰ

Լɡ



ϻûۣ;˸ʳͳûһʱֿʼˡ

Ҫ˳ŻƣһãͷĴʱпɱ˵ˣԸ˲Ϣ֮䡣

ʷֱð𣬼Ͽӭ˻
ֱĭӶ˵ˣֱѹΥ˳

⻰˵úϸýʷԸ죬񹴽˵֤Ⱥأ˵Ԫ۵겻Ҳǰɳ𣬻Ǹ̫ǣʵģָ߹ȥˡ

£ʵȫΪԼСˣᶼô
Ϊأݸʮǧ˵ûеõϢﾩǿɾͼףڲֵҪҪܻ

ѡȨڻǻѡȺǰɳһ

ڴ˶ƣͶһЩҲʷһ˲֪ġ
ⲻ֪Ըѱˣ磬Ҳݡ

ߵǰһͷ˸ۡ

ʷӶѪǻ˸ְ͸۾ӳȥˡ

Цһǻûʷøߡ

ײһ£һѣ˰嶼ϣСһ˺ˡ

һԵܣֻ⳯ƫȻȥģüëƫܡ
ﻹȰŴ˾Ϊ˹ģʷѶȰûһϼںڡ

ϳ£Ȳгˡ

׸վ׿棬һȺ󳼴Ȼ죬￴óǳ͢١

ʱǵĴŽиС̫༱ææƿˣͷҲ̧ش󺰵ȥˣ



ʱдʱǵŻ򿪣ǴԪһۣͰ͵ؾ͹Ŵ˳ǡ

Ԫʮܸ꣬٣ĹŻܣǣΪԪꡣ





90.  ּܲ   ޵Ǻһ齡

ǵԼոϷ, Ϸһֽ״ʣࡣ

žͺۻһſڵķϲɫؽ, ˵, ߻˵ʲô, ̫ǵ, ΪԵ˶һ˵ˡ
ԭ嶫һֻСɵػͷЬ, Ǽζ岻ȥˣָ˺ü, ɴӵһԣӵת

Եķ̹˴, ˵˳һĻ

ûо, ޽Ļ, Ҵҵȥ˱, һصһˣᲽӶҵġ

ͷһһ, Ϣ, һ¾궯ûһֺȻƽȥ
϶ϲɫȱõѣһһؽ˵ϲ컰, Ǯ

һǮ, ûһɢˡ

ּݺᣬǵȥ˺ԺаλסغŰӷ, 챣ӡ

ǰԺĹܼҰ˵˱ڣžشӽͷ쵽β
ûһᣬŷӶˣš

ԼڿһϷԺر˳ߣһһˣЩ̫ʵĸо

Ǻʱһģ˴սףߴӰаԶԶһ۾ϳˡ
ɫƣ˹ĵͼðѡطס

վǰĲɵѡ˸⡣
󣬴Ӻļ򣬰ͻعĲӡ

޺ģشĩ˽ſġ

ֻæ⼸ա޿Ű˲Ķڱ֤

ͷ糾͵ӻЩۣѵϵϢһòá

˵Լ˶ã򴽣˵ġ
޵ͷһᣬЦЦǺһ齡

ϥϣؿڣǲǺѽ

ȷʵЩˣ̧һϥǾͽа˵ѡ
һҲģŰȵļؾЩζˡƫգŰľ࣬ʪȵĺǿƤ˺졣

ӣͷһ顣

ĦСۣӾ׵Өǡ
ӦǰɡĲɵ

ϵӲģȴģúã֭ӣ޲᲻صһ¾Ҫð֭

ǰߴߵĽûþˡ

Ͽʼ޶һЩҪҪһЩп޵ľͶµġ
ϵǶʼ߻ܽˣȥպиõǰ̡

ը˹һ

˵ȶ⻴պȻһ㣬˭ҴƱأ
˭Ҳû뵽λ

ô룬˾ͷҪȥմմϲ

Ǹĳͷϵһ¾ͱˡ
ǰǰģԺŮҲԼ뷨

⻴˽ز˭˵˵á
Ƿ˭뵽һ졣

˵Ƿ븮ǳӶҪˣοֳͬǸӡ
˵侮ʯȷʵҪЦ

˫ӣҲȥߵԣֻһһعϣЩҪģЩڸϣͷнһʱ

ޣֻܵһ޾ͰѺլҲһˡ

ҲһﶼԪµˣ޽ȥ
ųķųԸҲԵĵطȥźǴѪԭȵõõģǲٳǰģִӹˣ¶ס

Ԫ۵ĺ󹬣ԪȵӲ˵ϰ٣߰˰ҲдʮԸҵԼңԸľ͵ޡ

ȰԺˣһ£ͽȥѰӽ

ҲڸյϢʱʱ

ֿܼˣŰ߶߶˵ࡣ
ʹ潨ģڵĽǵǽ̫͵ģԪ飬һ빬Ѻ󹬵ĹƸ˸߰˰ˡ

˵м˵˵һزᡣ
ܰ

̫ӣι̫֣һ˶ŮɵģܽĸһǾޣǺε
һ³ʬ׶û£ҽɽҲȾָˣôЩŻصܳ

ûģҲЩᡣ
£ߵЩǸ˴ڸ˵ġ

ݷõ̫ˣżҪ˲ãһҪһԱ˸

ҹûӹ˰øϡ

Ҫ䣬ʺЄ·ҲҪƣֿԪ۹ЩζǴӸϳġ
ʱЩҲӹӵظƣһϳߴĳ

ĵǻͬһģľżһ̣;ֳһλ顣

ûʲôоȷʵʵʵؾһС

񸮵æһóˣµ䣬һͲǸºӣµͼ֣ȻǴܵ
֪µͬºƣǲҺºҪ䵽ȥ

ºԸ˵Ƕɴأʧġ

ǷҲã֪˫۾أиʲô©ǽЦ˵ԸϵҲסˡ
䷱߳ǻʺиʲôͷȵģҲΰµ۸ǷæǸЩȥš

⹬˼óģǽЦǼЦθΪ˸һʱóȥӵᡣ

εܹܳͨЦһ˫۾һǰˣ֪Ǹˡ

ͨϼ޻޵˼һĦԴŵӲϱˣѼ̫ѹȥԸͰʽʡࡣ
ǶأͶµ᲻ûʺܿ࣬˵ôؽ

Ŷӣж㣬񲿵ʱǳһӣа߹ģһ͵õ¡

û뵽񸮵һһһûôŲӡ
ԭΪǺ۵ģЩ׼ʱЩ

ͨͣǸӣѰЦˡ

ֵͨСӸˣЦеģӻǵңСſź

ʱЩݣο̬Ҳȷʵͬ˲һȻסˡһʱĲ²Ҳ档
Ǹĵģбºʹ㡣

ܹͨܣŰбԸһҪЦױƵת

ǻʺסĹʱһˣӾסĵģǰ󲻹һĹܵ

ǺĹһͳжʮ˸᷿ůܽӿĹ˾͹ˣһ۾ס
ͬߵķ˶ˣǹˣӦŰҲܽ˳һЩ

⹬ԪʱǿŵģԪأסý˻̽٣ʱĻʺס⹬Ŵʱڵķ񣬹ϸɹˣڼһ»ġ
ֻڵסİԺӴԵôȷʵЩˡ

ҹժϵλԡϣȴֻסһˣҹյġ
ҲЩ˼ǺͷиȪһأһҲǲݵġ

ҲûţԺźˣǰ顣

¶٣ǰһЩ˲˻ÿΰãЩвҲԸ˳ģҲܺ޷ؾϡ

˳ʵʵһ̯ӡ

ԪĸӾõģϽᵳӪ˽ҴѹŵȻ˹ʶϱûù⾰±ߵѧ²ȥһУһͨն硣

ⲻһʱܸĵģȴЩҿʼ
޲ǴʲôĿģЩϵҪҡ

ΪƷ̲ɣλߣأæų죬һ쵽ӰⲻԹ䡣
ɱȥϱɱؾǣЩ˶ǽҲطİˡ
ǶԭȴܵˣͿԪЩˡ

֪˼Ҳȷʵ

ǰ㣬ɾͲǽˣͷܻûĻǺӶҪ졣
Ҳδá

ӭµۣȻǴϵ»Ȼһ£ǻ⻹ǽݡ

µв𣬴ԶԶؾƽвɱ˸ǹ
˻æ룬вվյϢֱ

ǰ䵱ˣݵһ붼Ǽٵġ
ͷû˸вģűµۣŶˣµۼҲǸģʲôñﵽȥ
ֻ⹦úԺ﹧άţý˼ӽűǿط

¹ѻҲǿط
ǻڶ죬һּ

ָСԳΪƷΪӶƷ󽫾ݣƽ

һ˭Ҳû뵽ģ״˵Ķߣ˸顣

ûعµ۽žͷһɾɲ˻ʺĸ壬üԪ۾ɳ˴Ρ

ʥּɳ޲̿ΣµϵƸ߰
Σܹڳϸߺ꣬Ǵһ

죬ֲߵ

޳µһգԬһ߸ߣӶԺǰһӣˤ˴ȡ

ϲһҴܣߵ־ƫƧԺӣϻϲصģǹ˴ʱŷ

帺ϵİССԺﶼˣйͷв۾ð
ƫƧСԺԸѲߵģ޵Ϣ׼ڸתһȦžԺӣֱƽͽ

˭֪ԶԶؾһҵĿ޽æ˹ȥ

ԬڵϣⱲӵᶼˣϺںģ۵ͷɢҡ
һ壬ԬſڵϿ޵һѱһᣬϵͽճ˺һ㡣
ȾҰҪˣ

ȻЩɣ̫ˣģźǷ񲣬ʵڽ޷ݡ
Ԭɤӵؽһ硣

һ飬һ¾ϳˣͷ˰СԬ̧˳ȥ

˴ȣʹһӶܲסοǸŮɡ
Ԭ۾ҪϹˣŷ󣬱߿ޱ£군ˣҪϹˣӿȾң

ӸһֱеСӿ޵ûҲɫס
һʱĶˣСǣһ˰

࣬ǿЦµģµġ

һ·䲻ָָģǾڲסġ
קܵü¶ͷǽԬģӿ;ӵСԺʱͷϵڶ֪ȥˡ

ⱲӣǽкĸһϳŵʱûôǱ

Ժæǹ̶
Ԭ޵˵ӣǲҪȳˣ

ӼͷɢҷģÿֿЦŮɺúպ·עЩȻµġ

һҩˮȥԬ˯ˡ

岻źںţŵ
һߣԥһҲû

ŷ·һ⣬ΪģϾһңҲǸϧ˻ü

ߵ˵ĵطų˿
¶ʪ͸ˣ

ЩζţСӿ

ºڶղ֪ģһʱȻ֪˵Щʲô
ԬڶվˣһЩͽһ̧˹ȥ

ȻҪģ࣬˫Ӳͷú񣬲Եúܱ׾ʲô㡣
Թ˵ֻŵ¾ͺá

Ԭûһᣬйʡ
ʲôҪ飬ǰ޵ǻЩôȻҪݸһЩİˡ

⹬ǳͨЦеģǰǸйģ½ǻϸýй֮ý˶ȣڹء
˵ѾˣͰǵøɸɾˡ

Ҫ˵ⰲʵҲż£ǰͷǹүŮ˽һһľ۵СŮɣ˭֪

⾩죬Ԫ˴ܣⰲ淢Ҳռ˲ٵĹ͵ģ淢˵Сӡ

һˣ˰⣬ȫΪūӷ߽Ůͽ̷˾

ɴ£ҲɵƯѰһɶƱĻᶼûС

ʹҪʲôͣᰵʱʱ俼ǣ͵ˡ

ܿͽˣͷҪд
ҲУӶ״̧̧ܽһԵ˾پȥ

һõΣҲƴǣ˷Ӳ

Щ˼ͬЦЦӱأǰʧˡ

ҡҡͷ˸ЩȺĸ㣬պʲô㡣
УӵĸȴزˡʱŮӲܵͬҺˣϥ޹ӣֻܻصȥ

⸹кӲ֪ŮǸŮϵĲƲҲҪȥ

ᰳĬһᣬ˵Լǲҵġ
ᰵĸǹүӶˣҲ˰

иĸ˸ŮҪܼ尾ЩЦЦ﷢ࡣ

ü

ˣĸŮȫҲиıϡᰳ˷ӣûа취ˡ

ᰵļĸȣģ룬ܹϵؾʹӦˣúӣӵ޹պúùӾУ

˭Ҳס᰹ڵϣ˴񣬵Щ̡

̾˿û˵ʲô

˷ˣԬԼȣЩƲģο䣿

˵򵥣ʱ²ŮӵԸŷҵĲƲˣеĹءˣ˸浽ǿԵġ

򴽣˵ּܲ
Щһ¸ı䣬ǱĬһۻɾޱ䡣

ּͨüЦеģô徲ģȷʵм£ý֪һ

Ϊ˷ҵ顣




91.  ʱ   ʱһξ͹ȥü

ҵ˵Ҳǽꡣ

ȷүһ, ǰң˰ģһ˴ƴҵ
ʱ, Ԫۿǻ, Ĵ˻ʢ, ƽϹѫС, ƽ˲ٵطķ˻ʲôƫԶĵطȥ, գаոмиƽ˽ڻš

սǹ, С˴ûϹϾûõطѲѣѡ
ɾЩСС˿, һһս, зҼ, Ʒүһ, Ϸ˲ЩҵŮɲҶҪ˵Ǹ֮ҡ

˭֪Ժۼ, ܡ

Ϸͬٳ, 겻࣬һϹսǸü
ⱲӶΪԼɷ򽾰ƽǿصľǷүµ
ϵô, ˵ʵ, һһǰЩʱ򣬶ŷٹӹõġ

Ϸ˵ִ޸ү, ûٽ˱Цɷ˵ʲôļҵЩһһ졣

Ϸӣ£ʲôţЩŵԸˣҲѳɴġͲҲϲ䣬ͰЩֻڼ
Ψжӷ棬ҲϽġ

ʱȥˣҿʼ·ϷôܿԼɷµļҵһɽգԼûģľظӣý鹡

ϷӣЩӣеñʧϷΪԼڡ
Ҳͻ󽫾һһ̣Ҫ˵Ȯӡ

ϷⱲӾԼͿɷͶӣ˽ֱֱͦġ
ҲԵŵɷ򣬷סˡ

˭֪꣬ǽүϷˣһ㡣

Ȼȥˣǰһ׮׮һ˰ǳˣǶôӢţǽ˲ȵȥѹ
ֻԼһ׵ϽĹûˣ˵öҲ㹴ˡ

ļϵŮɣϷ˾ԼˣܽзΨһŮûǰ̣ľΪı
˭֪˺ƭ䣬Ͱ͵顣

Ϸ˰ʵ浱ȥʱԪ۾ҪЩȫѵȥϷþǷ˺ü¸ص飬Žװ׵뿪

һա

Ϸ˰״ڵķҾǸӣһ˶û³ġ֪ԼǷҵŮǻҪƲϵΪԼء
׵طŹ

Ϸ˹һ붼ĿڽʹŻǸʱ򣬷Ϸ˾Ϊıɷģ˽ڻϳԿ˴ϱְַѷŸ
Ϊ飬֪˶Թ

أ

Ϸѹסͷ𣬲Ըȥˡ
֪ԼҪ

ûбŵͨѹϷ˽Ժ󣬻ߵ˻

Ϸ˱һӰѷҲߣǾ̫ˡ
һٻ˷ʮõ͸úķͬǡ

Ϸ˾ԼŻҴİȡ
ҪѶӷ޳

ҵķүӣʵʵڴ˵ģ⹦޷ȡҹ֣ӣӼ׶Ҫš

һŮɣҲҪŵ߽ຮ֮أū֣һӶ޷

·;ңԶѣĺͯǻû߽Ҫ߰˰ˡ

Ϸ˿װ׵ķүӵķϣ·

ȷʵϷ˻顣
СʱԼͬ죬Ϸ˵ʱû˵ʲôһ²ܵˣΪĻƢ˵˷ҵ档

濴ñصˣ֪ԼһֱƭǱܣԼһ֮ΪǷĴı·

Ҵȷʵ޹һᣬгͨȥޡ
бϾӣһұΪˣ뾩

ͷҲǺˣû⣬ǶƾԵˡ
ͨȥ

ﾲĵģһԵŮײ˵Щš

Ԭƽ޲ӣ˿һЩء
ദʮˣ˵й˾ô֣ⲻЩ˸еġ

ЩЦҡҡͷ̾˿
ҲҪദ˲и飬¹µģЩˡ

ȣһ˸ղŵĻ⣬Ҫú˵˵ģպͷȶ۵ġ
ǷѲԬҪġ

ԬСһ죬ڰַܵĻġ
ҡҡͷ

⼸ǰ󹬶죬ݵ˿ɾɵˡ

ʺţżҲǴԪһңΪʺĸ壬ǰʱҲģͬˣ̾͸ڹƵˣ޵ۡ

Żʺżд˺üţżҶ֮ͲøϿƲϵ

żѶŻʺ󼱵ݣЩţҪˣ

޵𽥽˾ǣܻʮССݣ㶼ӵĺܿ죬Ψݣ뾩ҲرԶ޲֪ʲô̬ȣƹ

ݵֱһĸоŻʺǰʺЩŴݵȻǰɳ֪³ʲô̬ȣ͸һϲµġ

ǲôŻʺģ˵̫ҲǸ첻ߵģδ³һ۾ͷ
˶޲̻˾ǣµͶϣΪԼı㡣

Żʺϣ߾ֻһЩˣˡ
һҧ˷˳ǣ

ЩȻסͿʼ궯ˡ
ŻʺԸ⸴ԪŻ̫ΣǲԸľս

˾ʹСҲϣȥţһ߻սս¾ǳո

ҲǸˣǴгԪۣԼԪԵЩס
ԪˣЩ鳼Ҳһһ㣬ʣµĶЩôõĸ档

˵Ԫ۵ĺ󹬡
ⶼЩ޸֮ŮӣЩԸ빬ģȻǨŭȥưˡ
ʣµľԪ۵ŮӽĨ˲ӣӻЩƽ˹עĹȥϱز۵ģһڡ

ҲΪ˰ǰɳģûΪǣɳƹڹеҲǨȥ
ÿ겦ЩǮЩɳ졣

ǰĽˣ޾Ϳʼߵˡ

Ԭĸ׾ͻӶƷ󽫾ټҰǨǣǰĺˣ֪ǰǸɱгҲ˸ҿ
ԬһһŮġ

Ԭ˷Ϊ˶ĸס
ǷˣôһӣҪ࿴

Ԭֱ̧˱ȣСƸˡ
äƼ޵ģҲŲԸء
ҲǸ˼Ůˣǰ㽫š

˵ʲôԸ˾ͻԸȥ

·ݴˣҲæأûʱžؽ
ްǰЩŮ˼Ȼ䵽ͷˡ

վ԰￪˸硣

ⲻã컹δȵ죬⿰ʱòաʵʲô͵ġ
԰Ҳûʲôϡ澰ɫȺ˻ǰͰ͵̾ԺĹ𻨿úãһȥ𻨶û䣬ҲΪȺˡ

˲ǲ۾˵Ϲֻ֪ܵģҲ˵Ǻ֮ĸµˣǶﻹء

ῪĲ磬һ˶ʺ𰲣̧̧֣ϯ¡

Űģ˼ɫĶԽСŴ͵һЩ
ŴЩǰˣףⶼǿǰֵ¡Ǵʲôе˼⾩ϢһҲǼ¡
ʶʱ͵˲

ӣ·Щ˰ɣЦеġ

ͷմżԽѣϸżë硣
ʺ̫ᣬҲûжʮü续ֻȾЩ֬һһЦ˵Ķˡ
ݵλʵģʺСʮܳ裬϶Źɽ˲ӵ̧̧۾ͽȺ󸾰˰ӡ

ˡ˸ӣԽԽأʲôʮֵɢ

۾ǸСӡ
ϯϵ˲ܿóЦӭ䡣

Ȼһʱ裬ӣĸҷϼҲ˷ͣվ̲㣬Ҫ̵λƱҪСӡ

ӿǸרĳˣҲͻʺһ֦ѱպ󲻻˽Щ˲֪̬ȣóȻվӵġ
ǻʺһٵУͺðˡճӣʲô˳ˡ

֪ЩʲôûֻЦԵͺãǻӹصġ

ӹضʺһϻдġʣµֹά䣬ҲĬزͷ

ܴģҪΪ˽Щ󸾰ġ

ＸҴ󸾣ǰЩ޿ҲȨЩĻ̵̻ζ֪Ӵ˷ʲô˼

ƴ䷢չȥպԹҡ޸ոռλҪЩҶ·ʱ쵶ն顣

䴽Ž˾úܺҲǰķˮٲ˸λ˵Ŀңλ˵лˡ

ڷ˷׷гƲҡ

Ž£ЩɨһȦЦЦ룬ҪһЩͣʩ飬ԺҲöǡ

˶ʺҪʲôҲͬԱߵ˴ü۹˾˶Щ̵̻ζڳƲҲҡ

̧̧֣һԾŮǮһ̫ǼӼӷţҲýй⡣

ع͹ذл

ҪӺ˼һֻ׼һˣ˭ûĸģɷĸǺؾͰһأֻõĸˣлһˡ
񵽽аһˣܰʲô⣬ǶĸԸ

ǹǰݵģ˺һᡣ
Щ֮£ôҲ˵ġ

ϯϻת˰죬ֿ׵ϣĵڶˡ

ҵǸأôû

ЩͬһϯϵĸǣһҴ󸾣Ӳʸ⣬еĴ˼еŮҪڻʺǰ¶棬ҲǲܽģҪûʺټʸϯ

ǻʺټŮҲֻһֱڵˡ

æػƽţҪһ

ǽзȥ˴

Ҳͬйʶģ޵ǻԺؾݣ뾩ǰµ·̣Ǹٵķء
ԺҪǰأȻҪһ¡

ǰգһʣϲϲӡ
ѾЩ׼ˣֱ׵ġ

̾˿û˵һ˫ں۾ЩɣǲҪͬɻˡ

һµЩЦӣˡ

Ҳһôġ
ϲӣҲϲ磬Ȼܳɻˡ
͵գһ顣
ϲ𣿡

ü֪뵽Щʲô˱Щ࣬˵

һ㶣ôͲ˵ˣ

øߣӰһҲƽӰ
һ֪ʲôӣʶ

ѲÿͲϲˣûǸġ

Щؿ˰һۣ¡
˵ŴЦúˡ

ЩǵģͷһӢϸһֲģı飬ֺʪġ
⣬̾̾˿

üģҲѧ̾˿
벻뿴ʲôӣ

ԴĴˣҲ̾ˣĩˣȻЩߵشһͷ
Ľëϣһһġ

ˣͬһԵһЦ
޵Ĺϲϲǲߵġ

Ƶس˹ͲȥѲˡ
ɴӾ͸дţ˵ڶջ

ͻͷԼһȥѲߡ

˸󣬴һɫĹ䳤ۣһƥѪϣӢͬʱһɴζһ;ǮܺƭĪأһɸһȵʣһƲ˿ſžͱܶԶ֮

һֻ֣Ѳ¥ſڣпԶԶŲҽ¥ϰ޵ҧгݣ֪˭Ǽ֪ǲ𣬲Ҹߡ
Сģ˾ǰˮ

飬ĬϲԼģÿζʩʩȻÿСƵػСĵͷ

дײһᣬ¥ϰϢػˣ廹Ҫռصš

վڶ¥ĴڣźɫĳȹɴѲ֡ʱʱѾ߸˲ˮ
һմӺȻ䲻䡣

Īؾȥ˾¥

ιȾƣκˡ

ӺЦ˵ģǲǳһЩ

ͷһһ۵˵Ӧûеġ
ĩ˻ӣ㲻Ҫ̫ϣܳúһߡ

ӵѾߺȻЦһǴӲЦˣҲ˵ˡ
ʱʱͷҲ֪˵ʲô

һᣬߣԸԸȢ
κҪԱǽдǣס֡

ǽ֣ЩֵؿŴӣĿİ˵ץסˣ

ӽŪҲкЦ
Ů˻һ˫ƽ㱻ץסˣ군ˡ

˾ôˣֻʱаͻ顣
ȥͶ˽ϯϣӽҲ档

ƽŽڵûɴһϼۼڴ

һԵвµ˼ģҲͷԵġ

ͽ˾ٷ̬Ⱥܺƣ߽Щơ

ƾǰһЩ֣˵ĻĩǺȻһҲδȢ˵ʮֵ䡣

һԵȻӭĻȫǰջ˵Ҫ¶ˡ
˳ƴ˻飬˿Щʼ

ʱһξ͹ȥü£Ӽǰ¶棬ҪúõܵӰ졣
ΪĶӣ綼ûд죬м¶֡

Ѿа˸ˣͬ˼µһ




92. [] ֣   ˵ǵģҵı

и, ˫̥͸ҪһЩ

Ѿ˸ˣӸǺܴģǵϡ, Ҳӵĺ, һЩ, Ķͬƽиǲ, ֻԴһЩ

Լֻһ̥Ķü, ȷʵһСֳġ
᲻ẢӶȻΪֻһ㣿
һӳʵù, һҲ󣬾ͽаǲԼ, ӳòá

Լ, ˲ٿ, ȻϣԼĺҲ

ؾעʳ, ȻСòſ, Ӷúúõ, һҪá

ҲˣΪ̥ĺƵȷʵܽʱú, ҲŶһ
ڴ, ͺذһС

޷ĵ¡
ȣ˰˸衣

ȥĴ, ͳ˰һ˶죬Ů٣ȥǺԼҵؽ
ǰʱһԣ֮ЩʲôӵĺûǺܰյġ

ۿģ¶Ҳȥǰȣȵý˰ģʳˡ

նڸĳûʲôоģ񻹾»飬ȻΪһǻͽ̫ƽ˳
⳯ϵĹĶǣģǿġ

꾰ãͲӽƣȵӡ
ʱö˲ãɰһֽţֺȺҲˣͺá

Ψ֣˯ڱϾҪǰ̺ӣˡں˵иȷʵһЩȻҪĵҹﶼ˯žΨ˲

ЩҲʮֵУƣһ²˼ش˹ţټ͡
޺󹬿飬Ҳֵ๬˰˵Ǻ֮ǻûڻʱæµ

ƽƽģɹ˫۾ء
ʺ󲻼ͣȻİ취Ը
Դ˹뷽跨ûٹ

зϼһ÷ӣҲʲôͼʺϡ
ų˼ͽߵĹŮ͡

Ȼ˷ϼ£ȻҪͬģ˵ʲô֮ĻպҲиĸҡ

ķϿνǴ⣬ܰӴŵŮӳӳŮ游Ȳ˵ǲģʺǾǺõġ

ԻʺͣʺĸȻҲǣǸѾ˸ˣȻ֪ʺ󾿾ǳļĻӲϣ¾û˸ϡ
ϼԽǽţԽͬ׽һӶѵĺܣ֪ԸôģƽҲԽԼϣ鷳

Щ˼ɵģʲϻʺżĲõͺô
ھЩӣЩճӪЩû˼и˾˾ҵ

ֽʵףһ½˾Ȼнӽӡ˱ЩΪˣﰵӣӾĴˡ

Ҳӣһ룬Ծ׼ˡ
Ϸ˺ͶϱϾͽ˹

ĸûʲôоҴʱ̫ˣҲֻǵϷƢãȴܴ飬ǹǺܸ˵ġ
Ӽǡ

̻ҳй涨ŮˣһӶǰӶûܽʹˣһ˲ϷˣﶼЩġ
ŲЦĹŮĹȣ·ĹЦգ㶼ɫƽͣŲᣬǳӻġ

һʹСʱһ˽ŲûУµսϱͷЩ

˺üŲż̫͵һЦݿ׵ĴŮŽڵȻǽ˺䤱ȴǴգ˾㶼һᣬ˰Ϳڳƻʺд

ϷͣܽһԵķæˣаֻ˰

Ϸͬ׵ĸ߽ϣŮŵطϲˮ
Ϸ˴һɫĵϸ£ЦݴףĶЩòͬࣿ

ϸҪʮûˣȻ಻ͬġ
ͷ˾㶼ܽŵӣͷŻ࣬˫ӣȷʵ̫һġ

˾㶼ЦһԵĹŮҲ˵ЦϷͬҲࡣ

ϷʮˣӹǻǺӲʣ´˰һᣬ͵а˸ˣµ׾Ҫ

ȷʵµ׾Ҫ˵پµףϸһҲ߰ˡ

˵ǵģϷ˾ͽҪע飬ʵ߲ȱ֪ˣǻǺ

ĸҪúõмеŵϷеĹü١

ͺĵ˵ˣʱͿʼޣʲôźˣĸʮܹҪõġ

һ˻ҳǸӣЩ˼Ǽ黭ӣ๫ԭ׼յģЩӴٹ˵ģǲõֻܶˡ
˵Щѿصͷ

˳Щ˾Ҳûɫ費˵´
ɫˣֻ˵պ˻㣬ƾˣкš

ͷ˵պزٸ鷳

ҪţһӰˣҲǿԵġ
ϿЦһˡ

Ϸ˼¹ˣһᣬŰΪ˸µģǲŮЩҪǲԸͲˡ

򴽣ʶظסգβ˵ԡ

Ϸ˾͸˰һš

ŷZһ˽ϣZ˹ְˣʹʣµļҵҲǸкͼ־ˣôҲݣҲкúýеõطƵһ졣
ݻزΪǻҲҪְģȻǲԸݹҲãϵĲҪùˣﰵżϾͬЩǧ˿ƵĹϵ

ϵӾͲ̫ùˣԭԸ뿪ǣҰ飬ǰ

ⱲӶĻججص»ûˣֻڽϵһСԺ˵ݸˣҪ˲һš
ǰڽи˵ѱ˵ŮġںˣĽĸŮ˸ѹԼŮĻʺŪûʺﲻˡ

ϵ罻Ȧǳױ̣߳ȥҪЩϵ
ϴ棬ûл㱵ģԽԼˣ˶Щħˡ
ٲǰϷ˺ͷţϻ˾˵ĻʺŮĽŮ
˾Ҫ˵ʺǷϼҵŮͬûаͭĹϵ
絶ʣ罥Ҳ̫ˡ

ƽ˸ϥСһ㱵ؽһ˵ߡ
ѹͺԼϷ̬ǿӲ˵߻ʵԶŮߣŽ˭Ҳ֪ġҪִҲߣ͸ɴŷһȥϡ

ϵ굨ˣھͺԼΪξͲܴŵӷһѣôСһ˶˾ǡ

ôСһޣôأ

ϱտ˳ۣҲۣɴһСãճի汣ӰĸӾû¾ݹᾣ£һ֪ʱղˡ

Ҳû˵ģϾҪͬǸ
˵״ˣһΣȻҪСһߵġ
˵ǸϲСӣҲǰò˵ġ
ζҪС֣˵һᣬ§ڻ˯

Ǹĸףôûӣֻ˼޴ţһԻ˷ϣԼ

ʱû˵ʲôɫƽϷͬϣҹϴˣ̲ס޻ᡣ

ΪģΪǸҹ͵͵С
ҲԻɹǲԼãɣòɰײŲϴԼһߡ

ССһˣҹףһСᡣ
СԼԼڴͷιԼԿǣճԵù
ǣôǣǱ߳Աߵᡣ

ԭϣ浱ǸСеο

ڴͷ飬Լﹰȥһѣʪʪȵġ
˰ѰһԣѰϱһЩ

һᣬᣬʲô

İˣؿڣЩģ磬պ϶Ǹס
ʲôҪõģҵı֪ԼЩڲǸСŮޡ

һ֪ϵ顣
˸ļ泩һЩ

ͷճһʵĻƣϸ

޾ؿһֺʶŮļҪܵԼ
һֺֻĶӣ۾ϸؿ

ԴӰ·ݴԺ˾ͺ׽޾ԼأǺܸҰڴ
˯ǰһ飬ͻһ˲˵һֱڡ

ûؿˡ

ʵûʲô仯ֻü۳׳ˣɬۣ˿ĸԵ˿ź͡
Űĸͬϵ۾

İЦ򴽵İյ͵͵شİ
ûмĸ׵İֻһ£ͷһֵֺĸо

ûзԼŰ

Լܵˣ̧ؿ磬һǸ𣿡

޻عֱ룬ҵı
ʲôõġɫƽȴǲˡ

۾Űһֻŵ簮ϧ㣬ʲô㡣

ģᣬ磬Ҳҵı
ްһҲܰޣĪڳڣ֪ġ

޹Ȼ֪ģҸǺϲġ
Ϊ䰮Ķͷ

ҹˡ
޲֪ԼǷ¡

ֻڵţڸչʱĵ˰죬Ӱӽеĳġ

ķģעⲻڵǿú
ö壬һһµա

йǼҴҵĽŲִ˵ʲôа·ʹĵ
޺˿ŵϸ΢ѪĪؾÿϡˡ

˲֪ãﴫ˼ٵĽŲƽȣġ
Ǹˡ

һиС̫࣬ӣСؿվһԵӡ
̫˵ϲﵮ

ɿͷɫ˿͡

Ͼ㶼ϲ޽˲ŨصѪ
ϢڸߴϣɫҰףһϲĳ·硣
·ҲǸˡ

ߣ˲ϵķ˿ܰĺ
һᣬȷܺõػţعĸо

ãֱС
Żعհ󣬷Լ󺹽ġ

ۿǺģȴϲõģӿСӣǲͬһöƯ

ʶһŲͷһۣɫҲ

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